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The Brussels Post, 1892-6-24, Page 7"). jutrx.; 24, 1R92 JAINomMinlerpOSITYMNI1111!1•111W111131.11131Z5n/as. TRE AI% rill GI- OF BOW PIGS. nv Wei, wobs, cit, a O. 8.s., ItAetti,Tosr, treT. There is no doubt: that in the no tr flame farmers and hog misers must pay more teution to this important rinhjeet, The spaying of (1013 001(8 is a nueessily, and wh the snbjeet Iris been so miloh neglected 1 , fact remains that the operation of opaying 801(8 111 00111 pared ivoly unknown amongst. the generality of pig keeper& may also be observed that, the primitive 18 not Re general. ly folic:wed in the remote parts of the eget. cultural distalels of Blighted as it wae in former times. We amount for it, in it meas• tire that the ohms 01 111011 known as emus and Odors, who perform this operation, have in a wafture died out, giving place to the veterinary surgeoti who now prac- tices castratiou in horses, and does itot Dare to undertake so unthankful, unclean, and poorly paid operation, os spay i lig pigs; 111. doed we do not blame them as it is a very simple operation, and van be taught to any intelligent farmee in ithout ten minntes. The necessity avises, and it ought to be done more extensively 331811 13.18 at the praent time. The not question arises, will it pay, nod why 1 The queetion is thrtutt opon us by athending the markets and observing the actions of the pork pothers. They in- variably look tor the mark or moor left by the opevution, and aro willing in every ease to give a cent e pound more for spayed than foe open sows. It ie the general rule in the western counties of Eng- land, aud almost universally practised 10 Ireland ; in other districts It is not so frequently done. But receetly the larger bocon curers of Limerick have refused to take open sows unless at a reduced price. They Maintain iailat the flesh of unspayed. mows will mot onre or take the salt as well as those spayed, and the evidenee ot those who have experience in raising epaying sows, say that they cost less to feed, moke muoll bettee superior in quality, less disposed to fret, and are never Winged, or worried by the male. They also mooed their experience by observing that it re- quires greater time to bring open, unspay- e d. sows to maturity, that they require a larger amount of feed to fatten, and that . <Mein their period, ()estrum or season, the flesh seems to melt. oft' their sides, and dur- ing 'the ensuing twenty-eight deys it re. quires double the amount of foocl to nuthe sip for the lost time. Mr. Fearman, the well-known pork packer of Hamilton, Ont., soya that " Whenever I oome across a de- tective side of bacon chat has resisted the 8611 111 miring, I find that it is the product of an unspayed Canadian sow." He recom- mends the To,mworths as being the best for packers. It. is a good, long, deep.sided pig with plenty ethnic of a reddish huemnd large in bone. And he f u rt her says : "If a pig shows the two latter points it invariably meems 18 good proportion of lean meat." This coining from snob authoriy ought to be deeply impressed on the minds of the Canadian farmers. The average consumer, more especially in cities, requires Rad will have as much lean meat as fat, and it does seem to point 80 31118 condition of breeding 11 class of hogs that lays on as much lean as possible. The present eines of animal that is offered .seems to :Ise to be of a grade of Yorkshire Whites, and are most favored by bacon ,ourers. As a rule they prefer them obout Moe menthe old, weighing (alive) 1(10 to 240 pounds for Canadian trade ; for t,xport shonIcl not execed when dressed 140 pounds; should be veady for market clueing the earliest months in June, July, August and Septembee, for preference. The quality wanted is lean pork from dairy fed swine,to meet the requirements of the English market and export. They should be sold alive to t he packers, where the system of killing, dressing, cooling anti curing oan be done in .a quick, unifor n inanner. It will be found that it will pay the farmer better to • sell his swine on foot than to market them deeseed ; and 131 10 lint profitable to feed swine after they exceed 200 pounds alive. The publie taste has turned against fat meats of all kinds, and the farm- er must, produce what the consumer re- quires, so that with a little extra oare in housing, the winter raising of young pigs to be sold off to ,Juno, July end August should become a very valuoble acljunot to winter dairyine. Mr. Furman writes that he finds great difficulty in getting animals that are always sellable in size 0.11 the right time of year, and can never get the quan- tity that he requires from the surround- ing districts, 'When in full running order he will consume 750 per day, and can only get this number by send- ing,long distanoes. The old fashioned prac- tice of killMg large stores must rapidly give way to the im:proved method of stunmer killing young pigs. The operation of spay- ing pip consists of removing the ovaries, the essential organ of generation in the female, and analogous to the testes of the inale. They are two ovid, irregular-shaped bodies smaller than the latter situated in the abdominal oavity, aud may be likened to a small cluster of unripe mulberries : they are a number of small vesicles or meinbranous sacs of various sizes, reddish in color. These are the Graafian vesicles in various stages of development. The pig of whith the diagram was taken sva,s just approaeli- ing her period of season, ancl is the finest Illustration that I have seen. In the spaying of pigri, there aro certain conditions that must never be lost sight of, and point direolly to the Success or failure of the operation. The first essential mull, Con, is that you must have the bowels ociin- paratively empty by starving or withhold- ing food for about 14 to 18 hours ljefore the operation. They should be from one month to six weeks old ; they will be then ready for the market at about nine to/twelve months of age. Have the animal held on a bench by two men, one holding the fore legs, the other the hind ones extended. Make on incision in the flank a little below the angle of the hip bone ; for general guidance two fingers spaoe may be observed. The hair when present should be clipped or shaved off about a hand apace and with a sharp, broad -blad- ed spaying or earibrating knife molie an 111. 0(81011 from behindforward, if standing at the bankof the pig, with the animal stretched on its right side; if on the left side, from before baoltwards, about.one inoh in length, dad only through „the skin on to the fat. With the nail tear away the tissue until you feel the bowel ancl search in a back- ward tted wptvard direotion 0.31 31)10 entrance of the pelvis bonoe for the womb, which will be found flooting free between the bladder and straight gut. On bringing it up to the opening be quite sure thot it, is the ovary, ftnd it may be recognized by its .color, being slightly rod, and the womb hoing pearly White, the bowels being of a dell load color. The ovavies aro as de. eoribecl above -something like a very small bunch of unripe red grape,. Rein, though elastic to the touch, When drawn through the opening the round little balls of voeiclos aro easily outi off with a scraping motion of tho knife, Seine inn twist them off, but prefoe eating, as being more expeditious. The loWer ovary is broughtont and troatod THE BRUSSELS POST. ,111.11.1=0111Wouxamommaumangiamillpraramlumaamsamazanacauesawimegasnaratitrama • the atone way, Part of the womb may , Inought out 10 something lor the liteend 1 ovary, but 11.. ;mutt be 85111111mi again, the aperture being Mitehed with 10011 10 ! 11101 thread ov twisted entitee 18 little 140011 10 18003)81 11011 1,11011111 be 018e- ! • . fully prevented from felling into tho inter- ior 1( 81(0 bowels. 11`nsh the outside with n 1 'Tango after returning the parts and 1100,10- , 3 1 1 L it ,tito. Moly etiteli the wound with one or two 1 allat lb 110 1 11 0 14 1211 en • • ;11 1 stitehes, Remember, the snuffler the wound ur opening, the 1098 0110100 there io of ult. favorable Lomita 11 38 rarely that: any ev,11 results follow. The little pig seetne to take very little notiee, Feed teith it bulky ration --mot too intieh 0111 time. 111 two er 11 roe (lays the thread of the etitelusi should bo removed and the effects of the opertitien ire sopa manifest by the improvement the ant- inal makes in condition. What 8001110 to bo tho emit of the operation, 61111 01(3) it 18 HO beneficial Is that the animal has no period of season oe oesttium, and the next six months of ite life is engaged in putting on flesh, and the 181111(1111 30 ready for market in Angust -two months earlier than she would be if left open. The little pigs begin to feed themselves whe» (81)0111n10110-0111. '1310)' 811011111 then be fed apart mini the mother sow with skim milk, a 0018113 (1188111.1813) of gtionnd oats, Wheat or shorts, and spayed at live wethe. Then the quantity ot food should be gradually increased until they are retuly for the 111141, kat, end bacon curers require a pig as, light in head as possible, light, in ehoulders, long and deep in ribs, !wide In 101110, thick in flanks, with hams square and deep, and not strong in Lone, but possessing a good coat of hale, The demand is 11015 for almost exetueively light, fleshy meats. Next to good food, etc., exercise must be counted upon in the attainment and p10808' l'01)011 0) 3100,1111 ;i1 leacls to develop musele or lean meat instead of fat, thus causing them to he the ideal pig of the buyer. A noticeable fact in 11(0 801183(1(1 of young spay- ed pigs le the bones are very immattuie, and do 1101 (1(0(5 in the same proportion to the other parts of the body. .An opinion that we hold on the subject is that it is due to the deficiency of the limo salts that make ttp the earthy constituents of bone ; there- fore in 11.11 cases when spayed pigs are grown for the market, harewood ashes, ot! better, bone meal, should bo fail with daily ration. Tho effect will soon be evident ; not only will it builcl up the bony structures of the body, but will aid digestion, which must be kept a1 tho highest pitch of efficiency. Hog feeders who have tried this praotice pronounce the effects most gratifying, and the benefits unmistak- able. The wood ashee may have a little, very little, salt mixed with them to advitut- age, Any man who holds that the pig is not deserving of care and attention will never make a dollar raising 1110111. Whilst as the scavenger of 11(0 111801 they are invalu. able, and will more than earn their koep tor that purpose alone. But 15)1(11 10 1310(101108 - al practice of keeping these tuiiinals ? Any place 0001118 goed enough for a sty -dark, damp, and hence unclean. No man would think of keeping eny other aniinal under such conditions. Give your animal plenty of light; lot the sun shine into the pig sty, by making large windows that eon be opened, admitting fresh air and reinlight by that means. See that the pens are kept clean, give plenty ot straw, and you will soon find that pies are (11113.0 05 Mean as any other animal. It is often said pigs delight to wallow in the mud. That is uo doubl true; at the same time it must not be for- gotten that they are earryiug out it natural instinct, for they aro of the paoherdermat- cam class of animal -the same as the hippo- potamus that delights in taking a mud hath oecasionally. We hold the opinion that the best animal to grow fat and thrive in the least possible time is 11 half -bred pig -11 (1188(31 first cross from pure stock to the ordinary stook of the distrtet, and may be described as a grade pig, 1611(1 1180 always so desoribed. If pigs are not intended for breeding purposes, they should be all ems. trated and spayed at tho time mentioned above, and it will be found that the aver- age loss by the operation will not exceed one per cent., if ordinary 00(0 18 taken, BREAKING COLTS. A nem, Gentle T1111011 1110111 Breath men in the Shafts, In breaking colts what to do deperds on his age, previous handling and disposi- tion. A colt that has been carefully and properly handled teem the time he was weaned does not require the same treatment as one which has been allowed to run wild. The first impression that WO 0561131 10 make on the colt's brain is that we coal master him. That can be very easily done nild must be to make hitn a safe told obedient servant of man. Away with all your sugar breaking; whoever talks about subduing colts with sugar and apples never was out out to train horses, and whenever he rides out he needs seine one to drive for him. A oolt to be worth anything must be subd nod, he must be :node to think that man is his master and that he must mind him, By means of the foot strap re will make him stand on three legs. This he may resist a little at first, but the struggle will be brief and not severe. The colt is now in yonr hands and at your mercy and note is the time to exercise your judgment told kindness; now you win be firm awl yet kind. He knows 3138183. 110 is 1111(108 3)0118 eentrol and will begin to look to you for friendship and help; keep him in this position for only a very short time, not to exceed five ov eight minutes, give him a little rest and repeat the operation ; handle him gently diet firmly c throw straps over him, nib hint with these, encircle him with one ; keep whatever you have in your hand moving over him ; lift up his tail and 3)1131 18 rope or strap around as you would a crupper. Ile will soon learn that he is not to be hurt and will allow you to throw 1110 saddle port of the harness over him. This do seVeral times and finally draw it off over his hips and let ib fall behind him. The wildest mile can in o very brief time be made to stibmit to this treattnent, and after this there will be no trouble in putting on the harnese, a great imint gained. Ab this stage in hie breaking 1 bit him and tench him the word " whoa,' hfy bit- ting orrangement is a Most simple one, eon, aiding of a ntritight bit with a small eord attached to the rings bring this over his head as though it wore a bridle I gently pull it baok on his nook, of 0011000 110 Will refuse to give to it at first I work by do gees ; keep him °hooked only a few min- utes at it tlmo, but keep repeating the op- eration until he will give to the bit, whtelt he will do in 20 or 80 inhintee, Now fasten O cord to the ring of the bit, stand in front 01 (1101 ancl say "001810 here," 3)1111 381(11 gen- tly and 1( 1)0 refuses to obey, touch him 1.ightly with the whip around his fore leg, (lo)1,111 non 10110W 3)0(1 and int as non as ho will do this, press on tho bridle and say " whoth" Continue this kind of training for some little 141110 for it will pay you well for doing it, Make every lesson thorongh and do not 183) 10 have the colt take (1001101111 step (1113111 180 has 'taken 1110 13(831 if 110 Will folloW you at the ward "Mime' and stop as the word " whoa" and will giro to the bit readily, it is tune to put 011 the harness, Be 111 no haste 1,, doing it ; lay (81 the !mimeo, gently bet 011 10,118 giving any indieations of fear. • Let 111111 stand with it on a few minutes before 0811( 1111(1 hire 111111 he will 110 001111111 of 0110 1 11111g-1114 3s, that the 111rlie18 Will lint !MI% hint ; 1100' Start 111111 and continue to drive him until he e rem perfeetly. 1 will be a little awkward at first, but will learn it Ina Bur. :Mort time if hitinlhol properly, Von ere new budineing to thinic of the road cart ; mud of hi 111111 tO it, 1'1118 1 ia a 00811 011 tango in 1814 100111011g ; d 1(114' take now wank! 811011 1111 that you have , LATE CABLE NEWS. done, Bo in no limey to Inteli 111111 in th11 road cart drive hiIu in the harness until he will mind you perfectly ; that ('at) properly come 11 Ilder the name " breaking" 011011111 be done oui of the shafts. Break- ing 11 colt in Om :charm is a danecrous bilsiness, he must be made to mind be- fore lie goes itt ; in short, ho must, be sub. clued and made to think that you can 31,111. (110 him as you wish before hitehing him to a road cart 08 01(3)811)111(1 else. All this hav• ing been done, train him to the sl a 'is be- fore they touch him ; and in doing Oils the safe way is to use the foot steep ; 101 him eland on three legs. This will not hurt him in ! the least for a while, Take a smooth pole I 01 imitable length and rub him all 08800 Willi 1 though it were it shaft, use it, on both shies it, rub it over 1118 111113 and along his side as until he shows no signs of 10118, then bet ween his logs, lot it fall down on either stile of him, carefully ac first, flintily as earelessly as you please. AL 11110 810(10 of his Lattnipg 131 15 sale to show Min the road cart. In the first place lead him up to it, lot hint put 1110 nose on it ; and smell of it ; lead him up to the shafts, 1M him sea end smell 0131110111 ; shake them before him and drop them down. Now lead him iu front of them and draw them up oh his back, do this severa.I times and then hitch him in, let hint stand a few minutes before starting him, shako his har- ness, also the cart, 031050 31 gently on to him, all this having been done, start him along. Did% o him oll' two or three miles, let hint go slow, on your way back siert him to a Blow trot, let him know that you 0.00 be- hind him, &Ivo him right along as though expecting nothing to happen. Be careful 31)1(81 315 is not feightened when you unhitch him ; do this cautiously and if done 80011050101 33' you may oonsuler th at your 8811 10 well along in its education. - [1 . W. Smith, in Our Grange Homes, Fishes That Live in Mud. There is no more remarkable creature than the mudfish, which inhabits certain of the rivers of Western Africa, and, as its name implies, lurks at the muddy bottoms of these rivers. At first sight there is noth- ing especially striking about this animal. It looks very nuieh like an ordinary fish, ex- cept for its envious, long, slender fins. A visitor who kuew nothing about 1110 crea- ture would probably go away with the im- pression that he hod seen nothing out ot the common. When the fishes arrive at a zoo each one is encased in a ball of dried mnd, lined with mucus from its body and perforated with a small aperture to admit of breathing, The "cocoon," as it is some - tittles called, on account of ite analogy to the earthen ease fabrioated by many cater- pillars in which to undergo their metamor- phoses, on beiog planed fit warmish water is dissolved and the fish liberated. The 11111)131 0111011 the minifish has of melting an earthen ohilmber of the mud at the bottom of the river, is a 11109t wonderful provision of nature for the exigencies of the climate, The rivers which the fish inhabit are liable 810 periodical droughts, When such a drought is imminent, the &finial ires to (loop weldor and excavates pit, in which it lis, etvering itself over with a thick layer of mud. It eau stifles with impunity the com- plete dryitig up of tho river, But the most interesting feat about the creature is that during the time of its voluntary imprison. ment it breathes an! directly through an aperture 1511 in the cr0000n, by meims of lungs, like a land animal. 1Vhen the mina dissolve the mnd and liberate the fish, it breathes by means of gilljust like any other fish. THE SIPHON (LOOK. llow The Item or the Day May lee indica ed by 11 Novel contrivance, A very interesting contrivanoe, that can easily be constructed by an amateur, is at- tracting attention in France. Over the top of two side supporters or side arms a cross- beatn is placed in the shape of a knitting - needle, which must be perfectly straight, of course'and connected at one end with a small 11our hand that moves around a dial. A. tiny pulley swings around the center of the needle, and in the groove of this pulley ('11(10 18 thread, to end of which is attached a fleet, and to the other end a balance weight. An ordinary candle-wiek passes from tho larger glass into the smaller oue by its side. As soon as the large glass is filled with water the operation begins, the wicic gradu- ally ithsorbing the water, making the float fall lower and lower, 0113011 action deter- mines the movement of the hand on the dial. Tho olook is ea,sily regulated ; 31 131 goes too fast the thieknoss of the wiok must be diminished ; if too slow, it must be in- creased. The form and size of the large glass on which the regularity of the clock depends has been determined by N. Pellet of the Faeulty of Sciences in Paris, but with a lit- tle careful study even an ordinary glass can be made to render good service. Making Home Attractive. Don't you went tho boys to have a warm place in their hearts for home, and to earry its good influence out into the world? Don't be fussy. Too many tidies. Too many rib- bons tied on chair legs, Too much inuslin and thread lace on lampshades. Too much shuttieg out of 1110 81.111. Too much nagging, stieh as: "Boys, (101831 10(0011 that tidy with your dirty fingers!" "Boys, go out of this parlor with yottr muddy shoes!" Now, sup- pose you have something in your parlor that they oan syinpathize with and help you in making beautifel. For the same money Y011 spend in knieltnacks you 0180 buy Chinese lily bulbs, and get tho boys to find the pretty pebbles top rop 318 up in you best glass dish. Or they will gladly go off into the woods to (1031 (101, soil for 11151)]011t8 But the best thing to interest the boys is 16 (encase. With a little ingenuity the boys can make one, and stoelt 11 100. There are lots of lovely things gi•owing 1,1 tho W00018 you can set their keen oyes discovering, and beingieg home foe their mire. The girls, too. Instead of bonding over 0, orazy quilt, that may contain a thousand small pieces, and all embroidered, otoonrage them in be. coming intelligent, 111 making home attrac- tive, in °tainting in themselves and in others a cheerful Spirit, 8111 80 shedding light and joy on the daily life. A cyclene is like a waiter. It earries everything before it, Littly Somerset --The Scottish Reale Rule Bullet*/ --Rimier in Berlin, Lady Ilen 1 y S,eiersot, invigorated by her American trip, has (Mown heritelf bite the electin al struggle with tinlioneded 1,111111101. 104111 (18 the lighting leadee of the temperance party. She has hepatic," novelty into 11(31. 1831 poll tint ettnpeignieg by urging the an ti - Heuer !nen 181111 001811411 10 hold plenty of meetings on Sundays on the grenade that they are engagel in a religious crusade and 1 that the unregenerate inaseee can Inert be reached on the Huldtath, Stahl people, however, regard this method of work as American, and are not certain that it does not savor of atheism. Her ladyship will have to mnderato her enthusiterie if she does not with to set the temperance people by the etus, and so play into the hands of the enemy. The liquov party is working with great energy on the Tory side, and has under- taken to spend 11 18)18,00(1 during the next few weeks to help defeat the Liberal candi- dates identified with tenipernmee principles. Englieh writers and speakers have 110011 solemnly taken to task this week by the Se.ottish Home Rule Association for their loose habit of using the terms Itngland and English instead of 13rit8in and British when referring to the British empire and its of - livers and institutions. Atnerieans as well 110 Ithglishmen should take note, for 1(1' 81111108, that Scotland is not inctuded in the term England, that Queen Victoria is a, British, 1(081 (111 English sovereign, and that the Covernment of this Chiliad Kingdom 18 the British, not the Tloghol,, (Mum nment. That the mattev is regarded as serious by the Scotish Home Rule Association is evident from the feed that at its laet meet - Ing it passed a resolution setting forth that the prantiee complained of " is a deliberate attempt to defraud our country and (men- trymen of their treaty rights and privileges and to degrade Scotsmen from their proper historical position and mithe their country a mere province of England." A printer named Kar Braehman and a °leek named Karl Malwald, having become engaged in an altercation with Station In- spector Geissler on duty at Breslau, shot and killed him, 18103 0180 policeman Ilubel, who attempted to arrest them. The mur- derers were pursued by a posse of mounted police. Upon being overtaken they prepar- ed to resdst eaptire Whereupon the police charged upon them with drawn sabres, quickly placing thein hors du combat and aeouriug their arrest. THE GULF STREAM. 11 Would Take Two Thousand 3lississioni 'Livers to E1(111.111 If. The currents of the (mean are the great transporters of the sun's heat from the tor- rid zone to temper the climate of the polar regions, says John 61. Pillsbury in the 00.18. t !try. 33. 10 argued by some that such 60111' pendoes change its that which occurred in Europe and America at the time of the gla- cial period was caused simply by a deffec- don in the currents in the northern hemis- phere, whereby its share of tropical heat was partly diverted toward the south. In the throe great oceans, the Atlantic, the Pacifie, and the Indian, there is to be found a similar eireulation-a general westerly movement in the tropics, a flow toward the poles along the eastern shores of the coati- nents, an easterly set in the temperate zones, and a enrrent toward the equator along the 'western shores. This system thus townies 0 grand circular movement, some parts being very slow, but still quite constant, and other parts very swift. There are offshoots here and there, due to local causes, and perhaps in the slowly moving current there may be a temporary inter- ruption, but, taken as a whole, the move - moot is CCM 111111011S. The part of this eirculation flowing along the eastern coast of the United States is the greatest of 1111 131088 ourrents, and, in fact, is the most magnificent of all nature's wonder& This is the gulf stream. The name gulf stream was first suggested by Benjamin Franklin because it comes front the gulf of Mexico, While it is a portion of the grand scheme of ocean eirculation, and the gulf of hlevico is hi reality only a stopping place, as it were, for its waters, the 11(1111830 generally applied to the ourrent when 3131 80003108 the straits of Florida, north of Cuba. In the large funnelshaped open- ing toward the gulf of Mexico the current M first is variable In direction and velocity, but by the time Havana is reached it has became a regular and steady flow. .As it rounds the curve of the Florida shore the straits contract, and the water then practi- cally 11310 11(0 banks feom shore to shore and reaches almost to the bottom,lwhh is at this point aboet 3,000 feet deep. As it leaves the straits of Florida its course ie about north, but ib gradually changes in &rotation, followingapproximately the curve of 10 1 fathcons deep until it roaches Cape Hatteras. From this point it starts on its course to Europe. It has lost something in velocity as well as in tomperature,and 08 it journeys, to the eastward it gradually dimiaishes in both, until it beoomes a gentle flow as it approaches Bump°. People think the Mississippi river a grand river, and it is so in tenth, es for as laud rivers go ; but great as it is it would require 2,000 such rivers to make one gaff stream. The great wean river is an irreststible flood of water, running all the time'winter and summer, and 310188 after year. It is as cliffi- eult for the mind to grasp its immensity as it is to realize the distance of the nearest stars. At its narrowest part in the straits of Elorida it is thirty-nine miles wide, has an average depth of 2,000 feetsand a velooity at the axis -the point of fastest; flow -of from three to 01080 311)11.11 five miles per hour. To say that the volume in 0110 hour's flow past (Jape Florida is 00,000,000,000 toes in weight does not convey 11111011 to the mind, If we could evaporate this ono hour's flow of water and distribute the remaining salt to the inhabitauts of the United States, every Man, 150011111, and child 050111(1 receive nem.- ly sixty paunch& It is curious to note in the history of the gulf stream how great Its influence 11188 310011 on the foetnnes of the new world. Before the diSOOVi) Py of America otrongo woods and fruite were frequently found on the shores of 1418103)e and offdying islands. Some of those were soon and examined by Columbus, and to his thoughtful mind they were eom firming evidenee or the filet that strange 1018d0 were not far to 1,110 5(001471181(1, These woods 05010 carried by the gulf 18 1011(11 and by tho prevailing winds from he American con ;Anent, so that in part ; I!. "111(011111 is responsible for the disco,. y 114i new world, Ponee de Leon, I. le fam- ous search for the 10111110111 01 3,4111, made , the diseovery 0( 311110 more 11010 ; 11901 3111011011100011. The whalers Of ilet.V Bngland were the first to gain a fairly ac- curate knowledge of the lim ta of the car- rel' t het %veva A merlon and Europe by fol - t811111311 the haunts of 1.110 whales, which were foend ninth of une line and south of another, liut never between the two, This, they reamiled, Wile 1118 gulf stream current. Benjamin Franklin reeeived this informa- tion ft otii the whales, and publiehed it on a (Mart foe the belielit of the mail packets plying between England and the colonies. The (Mart was ;that issued itliont 1770, hot wee nut excepted by the English oaptitine. Before it emu to he gencrelly known Rod used the trouble between En dand and the coloniee had begun, and Pratt din, knowing the advantage 831,, knowledge would be to the British oflieers, sentinel:Ise it it ad li could until hostilities inaiont, For the Table. 8(.11111) 11141:Ala..1 STS, Soak a large piece of codfish 24 hotirs, put 181 111 11 wire broiler and brown quickly over a briek fire, put it on a platter then break it apart and butter generously; or if cream at liked pour hot cream over it. Cut ham in thin slices and 1:roil quickly in a wire broiler. Butter 111,01(1(1(1 dish well break the eggs into 11 and bake slowly. Pat the eggs to the oven before broiling the ham as egge should be baked slowly to prevent them from being tough. Gut salt pork in slices in 81110 0880111(1, soak them Wan; night, in sweet sklmonilk, then fry ci isp and it will be equal to fresh pork. Serve with baked 1831010013 (1101 0(113110 8181108. Chop finely the p1ee00 lef1 of roast veal una warm in the wavy left over or in butter and hot water ; 8008011 with salt and pepper and pour it 05e0 slices of toasted bread, This makes innelt of a few pieces. A batted omelet that does not require 1110011 attention When one is hurried is made in this way; Heat a pint of milk with a tablespoonful of butter in it. Boot six ogee, a teaspoenfill of salt, a tablespoonlul of flour oval it little cold milk together 111111) 80100111, then mix quickly into the hot milk and pouv in a buttered dish. Bake 15 or 20 minutes in a hot oven, This is a nice looking breakfast dish. These recipes make appetizing dishee of the most common material& 0Tl0.11(18I) 011 11.11111. Wash, peel and out the rhubarb 111310 3111011 pieces. Pat it in a granite double boiler, add one oup of sugar for a pint of rhubarb aud cook until soft. Do 1101 01117 it. (40 1.81(4 reurnaste. Fill the 00118 With rhubarb cut in small pines, then fill up full with cold water and 08(11 113) tight, set away in a dark, 000l cellar and it will keep indefinitely. 0088 (3.11(11 4n3.111. Wash and 01111 30 small pieces, put just enough of water over It to start 131 31031011311(1; when tender drain through a course jelly bag, add one cupful of sugar for each cupful of juice owl boil over a brisk fire for 20 minutes. It is best made late in the 0060011. 141111111811I', Peel the rhubarb, cut into inch pieces, pour boiling water over it, and lot it stand ten minutes. Drain, fill the plate' spriukle thickly with one eup of sugar, do t 1111 bite of better, cover with a crust, and bake. Rhubarb pie, well mode, is very delicious in flavor ; indifferently done, 131 18 ono of the poorest. Florenoe Bighting de. "-I'M Florenoe Nightingale, an hinglish philan- thropist, WAS born in Florence, Italy, May 11320. She was the younger daughter of Wil- liam Edward Shore, a Sheffield banker, who inherited the estates of Peter Nightingale, and in accordance with the terms of the latter's will, took the surname. Florence was highly echteated in the classics, mathema- tics, the modern languages and music but her favorite study 10115 the care of tho sick. In 18-3.1), she took a 0011000 01 111110111(1 in PASCOV Fliedner's school of Deaconesses, at Kaiserswerth. In 1831 she took charge of a sanatorium for infirm and invalid gov- ernesses, and greatly improved the manage- ment of R. In 1854, she went to the army in the Crimea as saperintendent of a corps of volunteer female nurses -ninety-two in number -and orgamiz id a hospital at Scu- tari on Nov. 5. On the 7111, they received 600 soldiers, and in three weeks their num- ber had increased to 13,000. In spite of many discouragements Miss Nightingale made her hospital a model of thorough nese and perfeetion, and all other hospitals on the Bosphorus were pub under her superin. tendence. In September, 1856, having suffered a severe attack of hospital fever, Miss Nightingale returned 10 (111(11611(1 brok- en down in health. She received a jewel with a letter of thanks for her noble servic- es, and a fund of t13150,000 was raised to found a school for nurses under her direc- tion. The soldiers of the Crimean war made a penny contribution to raise a stetue in her honor, but she would not permit it, To the Point, We say ont1 retnedy is a permanent mire and then 3)1050 831 thus : Toronto, Ont., April 17,3887. "5 would state that St. Jacobs Oil cured me effectually of rheuma- tism, with whiela suffered 1n1880. I have never had any return since of the pain which I endured for 'noun previous. It affords me groat pleasure to say I have recomend- ed it to a lumber of friends. Too much praise cannot be devoted to its healing qualities." 3. AnitAtiaats, Passenger Agent, 51 York St. A seven years' test. HIS NBOK BROKEN. Kr Henry Chafer, or Gait, 11.111ed 81(4 0. Buie away Horse A Galt despeteh says: -Mr, James An- derson, proprietor livery stable here, tied his horse in front 01 (1)10 Queen's hotel while lie went into dinner about 1 &cloak to -day, and ahortly after the engine at the old Grand Trunk WAS doing some ehunting• Tha horse broke loose and ran moron the Queen's square, whore it left tho boggy, with the exception of the thefts, and ran down West Main street: When opposite Scott & Hogg's egg warehouse Mr. Henry 4)31881011 11001 out to stop the horn, when it knocked him over, Ho WM picked ttp shortly atter earl his nook wee found to be broken. Mr Mater was a married man about 330 years old and town a largo grown up family. 3411(1' eliartteteristle of 1100;14 Sump:ulna, uul 1114 manifested every day 118 (111' remark. dile enres this medicine eticomplisfies. Wag - :lids say: 'MUM Wo SOH a bOttiO Or Hood's Sarsaparilla 11 15(0 emt,ar.,, WO ar" sure to see him in a low- weeks afte: more,- proven; 11111 the geed 11511310 111,111 15 111111 bottle wax. dud continuing III 11413. Tilts positive inyrlt Hood's Sarsaparilla !MS:ft.:Nei by virtue of the Populate Comblets- ;eel, Proportion mid Preciess used In M. pre - locution, and by a 111th 011the remedial value sf iiu• ingredieuts 114141 11 1'11111111011 Hood's Sarsaparilla thus 1','0113)1l 1' to Itself un,1 absolutely 110. 81)111(31011 11.4 it blood ;nuttier, and 114 (1 belle for building up the weekend giving nerve strength, Hood's Sarsaparilla 0l" 1,3)110 d01l801888. 5(1 0(18 for ph. Prepared onli tw (1,11.1001)1)11011(3.. A puliivearteii, 01080. 100 Doses One Dollar .tintsmitiosse Ohristiantty. Chi istianity has not only 00 01)10011 that a third of the population of the globe is (Ihrietian, but tt has wrought the greatest moral and spiritual change • 11 has trans- formed religion, giving the world, in plan of the heathen systems with their absurdi- ties, falsehoods and immoralities, the pure faith of (Arita, which, even if it were a fable, would bo the moot, beautiful and in- spiring fable the world has ever known. Xt has given a new civilization to a third of the worl(31 under its influence society has as- sumed 111180 108111, The rights of personality hoe(' been recognized. Constitutional gov- ernment has bean eetablished, Jurispru- deuce hes berm reformed. Gees distinctions have boon broken down. Slavery has been abolished. The brotherhood of rations hi beginning to be recognized. Charitable in- stitutions have been eslablished. The post - Lion of W010511 )1115 been elevated. P110111(111310 of children have been recoguized. The! Christian home has been evolved. Com- merce and trade have been placed on 01100 and higher basis. Literature, soienee, philosophy and art hove sprung into grander life. In a word, our many•sided modern civilization,with its immense super- iority over that of the heathen and of ancient times, is the effect of Christianity. Christianity is the power that Is 11101(1111(1 8118 destinies of the world. it uguq Flower" "I inherit some tendency to Dys- pepsia from my mother. I suffered Iwo years in this way; consulted a number of doctors. They did me no good. I then used Relieved in your August rlower and it was just two days when I felt great relief. I soon got so that I could sleep and eat, and I felt that I was well. That was three years ago, and I am still first- class. I am never Two Days, without a bottle, and. if I feel constipated. the least particle a dose or two of August Blower does the work. The beauty of the medicine is, that yoa can stop the use of it without any -bad effects on the system. Constipation While I was sick I felt everything it seemed to me a man could feel. r was of all men most miserable. lean say, in conclusion, that I believe August Flower will cure anyone of Indigestion, if taken Life of1Vliserywith judgment. *A. M. Weed, 229 Belle- fontaine t.. Indianapolis, Ind." St "rismsarier The Boy Who Helps His Mother' .11,81 went down the street to -day (40(188' a little lad Whose face was just the kind of To make a person glad. I savr him busily at work, While blithe RH bleekbird's song. His merry, mellow 5(31(1(110 00104 The pleasant street along. Ant then a playmate canto along, And loaned 1100000 0110 gate, A plan that promieed lots of fun And frolics to relate. "• Theboys aro wafting for us now, So hurry un," he cried. . My little whistler shook his head, And " Can't come," ho replied. " Can't come 1 Why not, I'd like to know; V What hinders ?" asked the other. " Why, don't you see ?" 00010 the reply, "3m busy 310131111(1 11101,l108. She's iota to do, and so I liko To help her all lean ; So rvo no Unto for fun Just now," 8,63(1 311110 dear little man. "3 like to 110(18 701) talk like that," I told the 113.118 1,03: "Help 0103110011 (51) you can, and make Itor kind heart light and glad." It does mo good to think of And know that thoro aro others Who ince this 11111017 1113110 boy Take hold and help their mothers. Attracted Them. 7: Dottie -Are you going to wear your red and white blazer at the seashore again this summer ? Lottie -No indeed. I hadn't been there a week last year before I was proposed to by, throe barbers. Original idette aro the lighthouses °lithe Sea of joUrnalism. Charles Brandt, a dairyman of Lebanon, Pa., has a four.year.old daughter who milks six cows ovary day. ALWAYS TRUE. R H EU IVI ATIS 118.-Egkg1071, 1)4311:7, "00(1(1000(1 intensely with rheumatism m my ettres; Could 1101 03180(1; rubbed them with ST. JACOBS OIL. In the morning I walked without pain," NEURALGIA Mu, JAMS BONN1111., 158 Yong° St., Toronto, Ont., CIA.15811001 " &Amoeba 0111s 1310 0111)' remedy that relieved me of nenraleia, and it ollbctutilly cured mo," IT IS TEEM T.