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The Brussels Post, 1891-10-30, Page 7OCT, 30, 1891, THE BRUSSELS POST. AGRICULTURAL, Milk Period of Heifers, How long a !toffee should he milked bar first season io 11 T10141011 that has lunch to do with the future milking of the cow, says joint Gould, In an exclumge. The cow is now as near (811 artifkial creature AS 0110 0111 well he. In her votive state tulik.giving is restricted to a few weeks, and If left to her. gaff her milk habits drift haute to the original Nye), es truly as do her habits, form., and conditions The heifer in some way has 4 tendency to dry off at about one hundred days and the dairyman 110 IV 0000 LO it that 13110 10 well fod at this time, and every 18' (108001(7)11) made to have her give milk at least 300 days. Heredity hae done much to eliminate this, but ilia even now of import: - 1(1100 011011g11 to guard against. Tho other clay a man told me that he had two heifers that wore going to drop (Alves at 22 months obi, mid that Ito was smug to dry thorn up as soon as ho could, let, them grow another year, and then they would bo good cows. (1) BEis better plan, I told him) was to goner• ously food those heifers, see if 1)0 00111(1 not control matters so that they would not drop their second calves until they were 36 or 38 months old, and keep them in mitk a full year and lel thorn grow on generous feeding as a true cow can, and not stifle the milk habit at the start. Stook in the Orehard. After the fruit is gathered the orohard may 1333 used. for stook. Sheep and hogs will clean up the refuse, end also benefit the trees by their manure. If the orchard is fenced in with a hedge the field will be suitable for winter, as the hedge and trees serve as wind breaks. During severe weather, however, all classes of stook should be protected in the barnyard. Moldy Butter. Packages of butter in jars or tubs shonld never stand long 0(3 the bottom of the cellar says the Country Gentleman, however dry it may be. Tho earth frequently molds beneath them, and thus taints the butter at the bottom of the tiackage. This defect can be remedied by having some smooth, fiat stones placed on the bottom of the cellar, on whieh to place tubs, jars, butter bowl and cream pail. ful (mince growing requiree that every 1(30 effected he promptly remove,l. titnall and RUSSIA IN PERSIA, imperfect speckle's should also In, pleked I off early 4110 00080)), This will require oonsiderable labor, but it will be Idea ef English Influence in the Shali'e Domain labor that pays. Tne old notion that 1 a Thing of the Past, quinces Carl be grown witliont any other oaro than planting the trees and 14.1403'OBLillg stuggl.trs Doupi law,/ .00,0 BIT rot. a crop is exploded. Thus grown they do not aw1 8110(71(1 not pay, If they did it rum:. would put 31 03-0131101(1 on lazinees owl negli. l :British diplomacy has lost in Persia, That, at Wain, is tlei present appeals:roe of affairs in the oldest enuilre of the world, For several yeani extraordinary 061(110 have been -made 10 03-1008 British 1116 110(1(0 there. The British Government has offielelly done all in Its power to hold the favor of the hlialt, and to get a grip upon the whole Persian administration. Private &forte, too, have not been wanting, Not so very long ago it was exultingly proclaimed that a concession had been granted to an. English corporation by which it would absolutely control the financee of the Persian empire for the next, hundred years. And it has been « ournmon boast that British Ministers at Teheran have long had far more influenee at court than 3311 the rest put together. There Is still fresh in mind an address ovule by Lord. Salisbury, in which that statesman dwelt at great length opou the wealth and resources of Persia and the (dose relations that existed between it and Great Britain. This has 11001111 fool' poradhle, To -day 1(1 10 evident that Russia not only has got far ahead of Groat Britian, but has practioally 13011 the game. Persia is still nominally in- dependent. But it is altogether gems that does not belong (0 01)3- 1(1011141 01 farming 03- fruit geowing.—Ainerican Culth voter. -- TwosRoweet Barley. Mr. S. B. Lawrason, a prominent burley inerehant of Brant County, was in Toronto this week placlog a cmantity of that cereal with local melt& ere, He says the demand in the United States 10 small because the price, 70 to 80 cents, is high, and that eons- paratively little Canada barley will bo sold over the border. The duty is practically prohibitory. Mr. Lawroson, says the bulk of the Canadian crop will be sent to England, where there is a continual market for it. Two years ago the Dominion Government imported 0, ((((1 1>1 two.rowed barley and dia. tributed it among the farmers in Western Ontario. This barley is demanded by Eug. lish maltstors, and the experiment has been watched with deep interest, It has proved a success. This year the average yield was nearly 50 bushels to the acre and the prize 55 to 00 cents, whereas the six-ronntl variety yielded an average of lass than 40 bushels and brought but 40 to 50 cents. Mr. Lawra. son says another season will perfectly de. monstrate the staying qualities of the new barley. Several schooners from Lake Ontario are now in Kingston harbor with two.rowed barley for Great Britain, and the Canadian farmer's lugubrious face is wreathed in a perpetual smile to think he sees 0 way to get even with that awful man MuKinley. Apples for Stook. Drying Fruit, An importaut future improvement in fruit raising, and in the disposition of the °rope, must bo in discriminating between the best evaporated specimens and the more common, tworer and worthless sorts. Many manufactueers admi1 that they use fruit of second quality in their evaporators, says the Country Gentleman, OA there is no clif- forence in the appearance where sulphur is freely used for bleaching. They bring the poorer up to the appearance of the best by tho nso of sulphur. In the common purchase of fresh, ripe fruit external examination is the guide'but it moss to answer the mar - pose in selecting evaporated supplies. Pur- chasers must know the sonme with which they are dealing, or they are liable to ob- tain a poor article. According to a recently published paper by the American Health association it is not easy to obtain a superior quality in ap- pearance of an unbleached fruit ; but, on the 011(03- 1)0(18, the align fly yellowish brown color of unbleached (hied fruit is an OWL - donee of ripeness, good quality and proper drying. Rapid drying gives lighter color, and such fruit well if excluded from the air. Sulphuring produces the deception of mak- ing all, good and bad, appear alike. But with unbleached, this deception cannot be prautised. What we want is II genuine good article, mode from fruit of the fittest flavor, and obtained from 0, source that WO can rely on. Purchasers should become on - 1 gI, toned in this matter, mul a higher standard of excellence should prevail than by the pronsisouous 110$ of good and poor fruit, in which the poor 11(80 the majority. Binding Twine Kills Stook. The use of twine by farmers in binding sheaves of grain is booming& source of dam ger to the lives of cattle. Lest week two valuable cows belonging to William Mulouk, Iti. P. for North York, died at 'Newmarket without known cause. On examination the stomachs 01 (1(10 dead animals were found to be congested with undigested binding twine, and the discovery probably explains the loss of many other animals. In a recent number of the AMPTEra71 Agri- culturist appears Dm u,ticle by the late Col. 11'. 1). Curtis on the subjeot of feeding apples to animals. At this season of the year, the subject may bo worthy the attention of all who have refuse apples to dispose of. He says 1 "An orchard planted 35 feet apart will contain 37 apple Uses, per acre. Those trees, well grown, will produce 500 bushels of apples. Apples have a food value, accord- ing to chemistry, says Prof. Sanborn, as follows : Cost o- Prelefa. Fofs. lordratee. Fibre. Total. 003-18.-8.58 4.08 64,02 1.30 78.88 Apples. .6'2 .37 13.78 1.34 16,11 Compared with corn at a cent a pound and apples at 10 cents a bushel, one dollar would buy 78.87 pounds of digestible 111011(183- 111 corn and 80,55 pounds in apples. The corn has more fat, but 11 18 not so well balanc- ed 33, food as the apples. Experience teaohes me that apples are a complete food ; for when a boy 11 73(80 my chore to feed the hogs, and my father used to winter a large =ober of 033(00 00 nothing but apples. 'These apples were of the common sorts, and there were two large bins, one of the softer kinds and one of the harden Of course the softer sorts were fed out first. These apples were shaken off from the trees, the ground under- neath first having been cleared of all stones so they would not bruise more than necessary, were handled carefully, and then put into the bins when perfectly dry. The badly. bruised ones wore left on the ground, to be eaten by the pigs. No ono who has not fed swine in this way can estimate the value of apples for animal food. They are excellent for sheep, and all young stock as well, and good sheep, and all young stock as well, and gond for cows, notwithstanding the common prejudice against them. This prejudice has arisen from the Mot that when cattle eat too many of them 01 0110 time they aro apt to produce colic arising from flatulency. Clover will do the same thing ; yet uo rattonal man will condemn clover as u ofit for food. A few apples fed to a 1(11101) 00W with her meal will promote digestion and assimilation. I would not at first give more than four quarts twice a (lay. This amount may be gradually increased to a peek' making half a bushel a day. The cow willgive more and bolter milk for this extra food. They are fino food for colts, to be 0(81011 111111 bran." We believe these hints are sound and practical ; and what can farmers grow, in bearing years, with so little trouble and 008)1 08 apples? Apples are bulkier than corn, but the pro- portions of the nutritive elements in each are not so widely different Is Soil Inexhaustible ? The American Ageloulturist practically says no. This is how it arrives at this con - elusion : " Ono foot in depth of a farily good agricultural soil contains 4,000 pounds of phosporioacid, 8,000 pounds of potash, 16,- 000 pounds of nitrogen and lime, magnesia, soda, chlorine, sulphur and silica to afford food for all the crops which these thsee elements mut feed per acre. After farmers by careful and skilful cultivation have ex- hausted all this great store of plant food in the uppermost foot of this soil, which will regent; several centuries, will the soil be ex- haueted. Not at all. As the land is gradual- ly charred into vegetable growth, and the surface is removed as farm crops, as it gradually deepens, the subsoil which con- tains the ('0)17 80(00 elements becomes fitted for plant food. And thus the imperishable neture of 0(011011 applies to (11(0 8011, which can never bo exhausted during all the ogee width aro to come. All that mankind has to do is to tree its aets, under the instruction of science, to develop this latent fertility of the soil, mud to go on feeding the human race tuna the end, if tut end ever shell come, when the earth will no longer exist as a fit habitation for mankind." Making Quinoes Pay. Whenever the quince tree succeeds it is among the most reliable and profitable fruits that can bo grown. Its 118011 (5 ten, elerness, and we were satisfied that this is rather for the root than the top. In places W110110 the groand is covered with snow, so as to preveet (loop freezing, 0011100 trees endure a temperature of 100 to 20* below 003-0 131)11100)1 apparent injury. Ear this rem. son the guinea ia apt to be planted in odd nooke on low ground and in home corners, snowdrifts pile up in such places. They are also generally molter than land that has been for many 700)10 03-011 to the plow mai- voter. Sometimes a (s33td spell comes while those places are eet covered with snow. 0.'he qmnee root runs neer the susface of the ground. It is very porous and if frozen is more damaged for the largo emount, of $1Ap it contains, Always at the approach of 13(1(1 01 it la well to mulch 11)0 (3-1)1100 tree, mid with nm, Iwo if it ean be spared. Thou potto over the mulch at least rt, barrel of N911101. 100 Ned1 tree, allowing 11 10 soak into the soil instead of reuniog Mt (1 (1110 were done every fall just before hard frorsing ocerirred them would 0o less complaint el quinee Mos dry. Mg out by the sovoro cold. The quinee is subject to leitf and twig Wight, Seams. _•- selven of 010 801`Vi1111 of the lonsesuirering PACTS ABOUT RAILROADS. donkey, tho physical streagth Ewa endumn.„ of the serieso deserve recognit hm, the owe An 0311(830 10,,orro1lye 00818 810,000. that bo is very unsutisfamorily fed. 11 111 All expert oleotrician amens that an w"th1g in th" (18,111 13" with electrio train inakiog 125 inihrs an hour 11 18 SUM iU00, 39110 00111111111111 11110 11SAIIY, LOE,d1 WOUld NM 11100 7,0011 feet in which to came 10 18 H114111 Thu gauge of the Itontan chariots 2,000 years ago was 4 foot 8i inches mine 08 strindard railroad gauge of to -day, The railroade of the country employ 700, 000 men. Each year they lose 2,000 of their number in killed and 20,000 of them aro injured. There aro over 1,1 00,000 railroad ClIrfi and 33,000 locomotives in the United States. Two hundred styles of louontotives aro made. A now railroad is to be built between Chi- cago and Omaha. Chicago is to have a 8500,000 railroa station built by the Illinois 000 11311. Over 1,000 miles of railtvay are projected in Mims, Now York Steam Railroad Mett's Uuion has 5,000 nounbers. Nino women are station agents on the Brooklyn local railways. The railroada of the states aro collecting 8300,000,003.1 every year on fictielous bonds and stocks, A company from Chicago is to build a Hee of 8111,0,0 1111 Nicaragua 200 miles iu length through a dolt collhe region. A female engineer, Miss Ida Hewitt, is regularly employel on the Cairo & Kanawha, Valley railroad in West Virginia. Many sailroad telegraph operators in the West are giving up their places to become firemen, brakemen or switchmen, because those occupations are paying better than telegraphing. The directors of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy. railroad say that the strike of their engineers three years ago cost the company at least $6,000,000. The increase in railroad earnings during the month of August over same mouth last year was a little over seven per cent. For tho year the increase has been about 17,• 000,000. The first railroad in Canada was the Champlain & St. Lawrence, which 1908 011013)1 fifteen miles in length. In 1832 the charter was obtained for its construction, and 1)1 33-08 first used in 1836. There was recently shipped from Phila- delphia to Brazil a cargo of railroad machin- ery to be used for new railroads building in that eoontry. This cargo 03013 valued at 81 50,000. The "Ponos) o building a locomotive at Altoona, Pa., that will be three times the ordinary length, and will be attended by two firemen. It will haul a train ot loaded freight cars a mile long. Min badly and Het him a very leol example, In Peseta, AR (31 Turkey, the moral qualities of soldiers often beeome deteriorated 330 they rise in grade. Tee rank of vakil is thug the first atop toward moral rah). After the vakil, or sergeant, crane the nal 110133u 081(51( 1(, sullen (captain), yavar (mojor), sarhong il(entenent.colunel), and earrip (uolonell, liy rho time a MIMI becomes colonel he is Impel eeel y lost. 'W HERE DID COLUMBUS LAND ? Tho Lost .'teineriiii '0 of the Great On theh eve of tiego7. bration of the four - hundredth anniversary of the discovery of America, scsiontifie men are eaenestly, but, to all appearances, vainly, terricavoring to rediscover and identify tho Wand upon which Christopher Coked:um landed on the morning of Friday, Outober 12, 1492. Strange as it may appear, it is undoubtedly a fact that no definite and satisfactory con• elusion ooncorning tho " first landfall" of Columbus (08 03-01' been reached during. all the 08(1101100 that have rolled away since the Great Discoverer first crossed the Sea of Darkness and unbarred the gates of the Now World," We do know that en 1110 date above mentioned Columbus, thou on his first voyage of discovery, arrived at an island of the Linta.yos or Bahama group called by its natives Guanahani ; this island, as he himself tolls ns, ho renamed San Sal- vador; but exactly where GuanahaniSan. Salvador IR situated, and by whet name it is known in nue day and generation, are questions which have 1103-00 beeu conclusive- ly answered, although many investigators have devoted muoh time and study to the subject. In 1825 Don M, F. Navarraste, civil officer 01 1(10 Marine Department of Spain, found 111 the archives of the Duke del In - fantod° a manuscript of the " journal of the First Voyage of Columbus to the Indies," abridged from the original document by and in the handwriting of Bishop Las Cams, a contemporary and companion of Columbus, who had visited the New World several &toes. Las Cases, fortunately, (lid not abridge that part of the Journal which gives the account of Colttmbus's " first landfall" and his subsequent cruising among the Bahama latitude. Therefore it, might readily be supposed that both the landfall" and his " track" through the Bahamas could be identified by Columbus's own descriptions of Guanahani and the four othes islands he vis. Red on his voyage from San Salvador to the coast& Cuba. 'The genuineness and authen- city of this abridged copy of Columbus's Journal have yet 15 1)0 inipeaohed,"and 11 15 the only existing evidence regarding his discovery of the Bahama Islands taken from the writings of Columbus him- self. All other original documents of Columbus have disappeared. and and his contemporaries and followers, even his own son Fernando, give no information to aid us in deciding which of the Lucayos Islands is the veritable Onanahani, or what " track" Columbus followed on his cruise through the Bahamas to Cuba. Therefore, to °note the words of Ex -Assistant Secretary of the TJ. 0. Navy Captain G. V. Fox, " no 'landfall' or ' track' of Columbus through the 13alminas, supported by 0880r0000 105 op- position to the statements of Las Casas's abridged copy of Cal umbus,s log, can stand." This is the opinicn of a careful student and a most patient investigator: it is, moreover, an opinion not likely to be gainsaid or eon. troverted, By the log of Columbus, there- fore, all theories concerning 1,io " landfall" and " track" must stand or fall: and in order to identify any of the Bahama Islands with 000501101,1, 1190 81011(101 proofs of such ident- ity must be produced: Cast, the island must correspond with Columbus's description of Guanahani; mooml, it must oacupy a posi- tion relative to the other islands visited by Columbus which shall accord with the statomentsof the log respecting the distances and bearings of uanallani, from (1110 000008 and third Islands at least. It is possible to select arbitrarily a " first island" which, 1311110 111 tallies with Columbus's description of Guanahani, does not give a point of de- parthre from which the second or the third island can beseeched by sailingon the coarses laid down by Columbus, or by traversing the distances he gives as separating the " first landfall" from the islands be came to farther on his cruise. On the other hand, it is equally possible to designate an island whioh, so far as its distance and bearings from a second and a third island aro concerned, satisfies tho re- quirements of Columbus's log,, while in physical aspect and topography it in no way oorresponds with the slight sketch Columbus has given us of Guanahani. It may readily bo seen, therefore, that the question of this " first landfall " 19 0.103-7 complicated and not-tebe-casily.solved problem. It is like the " map puzzles " given to children, of whittle each section must be carefully fitted relatively to all the othets in order to melee a complete and perfect whole. That the " Columbus puzzle" has been successfully put together by any one of the eminent gentlemen who have attempted to do so, the writer is not prepared to admit.—f From an article by \Valiant Agnew Paton, in Oc- tober Lippincott's, . ENDED. JWSHIAN 5011(3-0111010, and is practically as much a part of the Czar's domain as is Tarkestan or the Caucas- us. Already the foreign relations of Persia aro negotiated by Russian Ministere. In a tow weeks all Persian legations throughout the world will be abolished and their func- tions will be openly exerted by the Russian legations. 'Then a " protectorate" will be proulaimecl and Persian sovereignty will be a thing of the past, How this state of affairs has been made possible is interesting to observe. In Persia, as 10 other countries site hos net out to sub- jugate, Russia has proceeded by creating antagonism against the sovereign. There is no doubt that Nas.ed.Deen is 0 thorough anglophile. His preference for England and English things is most marked. And the same may be said of his great Minister, Mirza Ali Asghar Khan. To them British blandishments have been directed, and with them British policy has succeeded. They have linen ready to grant ahnost anything Lord Salisintry might ask. But they are, after all, not Perste 1 and with Perna it- self England has never been in favor. The war whtelt Lord Palmerston waged against Persia has never been forgiven, and to this day 130 one is so bitterly hated by the mass of Persians as an Englishman. 13y his fondness for European ideas and manners the Shalt has given serious offence to his people. By his especial FONDNESS FOR ENGLAND ho has intensified that feeling to such a de gree that people have actually talked of deposing hum And while EIngland has been mekingup to the Shah, she has boon really weakening his authority and swelling the opposition to him. Rama, on tho other hand has addressed herself to the Persian people and has so skilfully insinuated anti -English ideas among them that the pressure has now become felt upon the Throne of Light. In plain words, the Shah is conquered by public opinion, and is literally forced, against his will, to throw himself Into the arms of Russia. He had the choke either to yield to Russia or to be swept from his throne by a fanatical revolution ; and he has chosen. England has been always a blunderer in her dealings with Persia. Site has used threats and force too much, and not enough Englishmen have settled in Persia to exert any social or commercial Influence. No- where in the world are Englishmen more scarce. There aro a dozen of them at the Tahreez consulate. At the 13r1Resi- dency on the Persian Gulf there are five or six. At Ispalmn 1(103-0 0(0 two 1111.001011110100. Some three or four commercial agents are al- so to bo found, and there aro about fifty tele. graph 0(101) 1018 on the Teheran line. That Is all ; about seventy-five Englishmen in ell Persia. And how many Russians? Seven- ty-five hundred, or more. There is one strong bond. of sympathy between Persia anclRussia, and that is their persecution of the JCWS. In Persia there are nearly 20,000 Jews, and they are all practically outlaws. Every other religion is tolerated. Even the Zoroastrians, or Fire•Worshippers'are treated with the utmost respect. But every man's hand is against the Jews. One might say they are the chattels of various petty officers. Thus in each province, a certain tax is assessed Woman Suffrage in Now ZealElla, Sir George Grey, ex-prernier of New Zea- land, has outdone all other chivalrous at- tempts in behalf of woman suffrage. He has made a. proposition, 13111.011 will be sub- mitted to the house of representatives, that a netv upper chamber be formed in the goy- ernmeet, of Now Zealand composed entirely of women, and that it replace the present upper chamber. This pleat if successful, would be overdoing the mitten For the last fifty years women have been clamoring for an equal share with men in the govern- ment Thole wildest vision never discer11. ed anything boyortd this. Now Sir George comes forward with all the ohivalry of a medieval knight and 13101100 to enthrone and aosky women by giving to them alone the highest legislative authority. This power at present consists of fifty members appoint- ed by the crown for life. 51 18 time that in the nature of &dugs there (0 110 valid reason why this upper &umber should not consist exclusively of wench, as it I as hitherto consisted exclusively of mem but the loudestprotest against it would. ootne front 190111811 them- selves. What they want and° what, they have been olamoring for is a place by the side of men. They do not wish to reign alone, even if tho highest assembly wore given to 1110111. Sir George in 1)18 080000 of zeal for women defeats his 033-11 01(88, Let him be moderate 108 3-0,11011381 in his demands, as women themselves are, and by (legroos be 13-111 800 that popular sentiment is taking care of all that, and thatwomen are gradual. ly coming to have a shots in the public offices and in all the perquisites that public office implies. Inordinate chivalry savors of un- bounded sentimentality, or, comiug as it does in this ease from one skilled in wire - punkt , hints of some political motive. Wm. AGAINST T1111 JEWS who dwell therein; and it is about three times as heavy as the tax against any other people. This tax is sold. That is to say, some officer of the province pays it to the Governor, and then sets out to reimburse himself from the Jews. Often he pays a premium tor L110 privilege, and the job is knocked down to the man who will pay the biggest premium. Then the speculator sets out, armed with the full authority of tho Government to oolleot the tax from the Jews, and as moch more as his avarice prompts, or the prosperity of his victims make possible. No one ever makes him give an 00008111 of Ms collectirg, and if ho wrings from the Jews twice the amount of 1)10 1031, he is se Ditch richer and they So much 1100000, and that is all. Thu military power of Persia is not:groat, yet 11 1105 great possibilities. The 10301103- 13-10(3 1100 established by Shah Abbas Mime in 1 823, tont the present Shah WOE the first to organize it on 0. European model, which he did by the employment of (.400/111111 SAld Austrian officers. The Persian army consist(' of 105,000 men, comprising 6,000 artillery, 53,090 infantry, 31,000 regular and irregular cavalry, and 7,200 militia. Less that one. third of this force ia maintained in service during (10000, 11,11C1 the whole of the standing army of Persia on A peace footing does not exceed the total of active officers in the Russian army. By VIE MAR'S DEGREE of July 5815, the army WIIO for the future to be recruited by conscription instead of men, T,owever, learned long ago to bo on their guard against excess of oourtesy, and ocoasional levies, and the period of service for soldiers fixed at twelve yeast+, instead of gi te, for life, but tine decree was put in execution in only few localities. Christiana, Jews and Fire.Worshippers are free feom military liability in Persia. The artny is organized by provinces, tribes and diatricts. A. prov. nee furnishes several regiments, a triih 0110, or in some cases two, and 13 district provides ono battalion. Chiefs of the tribes and districts in which the troops are rcernited are almost exclusively appointed officers, Persimi troops eve yet, fee from perfection. esroially against those overfree bearing Things She Won't Confess to, That sho laces tight. Th.t, her shoos are too small for her. That sho is ever tired at a, ball. That she paints. That sho is as old as oho looks, That she has been more than fivo minutes ressing, That, oho keeps yoe Native officers are mostly ineapable, and That mho blushes when oortain porson's nnaequaloted with military matters ; while menu te mentioned. the lturepatm officers of all ranks have ne That she ever says a thing the doesn't real standing the Persian - army. With mean, first.class instruction and good dicers, the That she 18 fond of fmandal. Porphin aarbez (i)1fantryman) ((51311(1 11(1 nixie That she —she of allporsons.in the world—. 011 excellent soldier. though on the march le 111 love. I'orsian infantry immoderately even them. LatestFrom Europe Balfour Wins the Prise --An Amateur Weather Prophet—Englend'a Greek Cruiser. 31she Intrigues for the leadership of the House of Commons, have termloated in the appointment of ItIr. Balfour. Balfour undenishly the strongest man iu Lord Salisbury% Cabinet but it is not improbable that his masterful character will make hint a poor leader of the House of Commons, in dealing with which toot and good humor are most necessary qualities Balfour boasts that he leaves Ireland pacified and easily managecl. He quits Dublin Castle with the prestige of this alleged success, and if 1110 new Chief Secretary should muddle things the fault, of course, will not be Bel - four's. The new master of Ireland has not yet been (Mooted, but the favorite candidates are Mr. Ritchie, President of the LocaL Government Board; Sir William Hart Dyke, who was Chief Secretary from June, 1885,, and Mr. Jackson, Secretary of the Treasury. The last pained is a fairly able man, very popular in the House of Commons, and isat present first favorite. The only drawback in Tory 0708 18 that his seat for North Leeds, which he would vacate on the appointment, isnot a particularly safe one. He had a ma- jority in 1886 of 610, 001 10 the previous year Awes only 257.1 'Balfour's transference from. one place of profit under the Crown to an— other does no11 afloat the tenure of his seat in Parliament. There is an amateur meteorologist living in a Landon suburb who seems to be worthy the attention of weather prophets. In July last year, he wrote to the newspapers here predicting a furious storm on the 12th of this month'chiefly on the ground thatMara would on that date be in conjunctiou with. Satuen. The storm commenced at the pre- dicted Sine, and has scarcely finished yet. The amateur, while demeaning himself with some amount of modesty, asserts that this is the twelfth storm clue to the conjtmetion of the aforesaid planets foretold by him months in advance, and consequently he feels competent to warn professional pro- phets that "while British meteorologiste. continue to ignore planetary action on the atmosphere they will make no progress in. predictive meteorology." One effect of the split in the Irish party has been discouragement which has fallen upon the activeNationalist workers in many centres in Ulster. This isparticularly 15100/... fest in the revision of the voters' lists for West Belfast, which tuts just been complet- ed. The Orangemen have gained no fewer than 900 new voters, a feet which probably will lose Mr. Sexton his seat at the next election. It is interesting to know that trade com- petition in Europe is now so great that the British manufacturer is compelled to make enormous sacrifices in order to secure busi- ness. This week a large Staffordshire firm. took an order for 14,000 tons of steel rails from a foreign Government at £4 2s 6d. per ton, o. price which, under the stipulations laid down in tho order, will result in the loss of nearly fifteen shillings per ton. The British Admiralty claim to have pro. ducedin the now war ship Blake the largest swiftest, and most powerful cruiser in the world. She has cost 82,500,000, and if offi- cial hopes be confirmed she will be cheap at the price. She is guaranteed to steam twenty- two knots an hour. Her boilers will de- velop 20,000 horse power, and she has phenomenal 000d.carrying capacity. INGENIOUS GERMAN INVENTIONS. raper Saes for FOotwear and Shoe 1(ace0 from scraps. In military circles in Germany consider- able attention is given to a recent discovery, which would bring about the patting into use of paper soles for the footwear of the army. All the elasticity that can be de- sired,. and perfect protection against water is churned for these soles. They are cont. posed of layers of parchment -like paper, which are made waterproof through a turpentine treatment the layers being strongly put together with a cement made from Venetian tarpentine, Spanish white, shellac, and a preparation of linseed oil, treated with oxide of lead. 'rhe soles, when put together, are subjected to a strong hydraulic pressure, and can be adjusted to the shoe either with glue or thr00311 nailing process. A new German invention i$ announced for the cutting of shoe laces front scrap leather, by which even the smellest dealer is enabled to apply Isis offal to this use. The 1110011100 10 simple and cheap, selling at the price of eighty-six cents, our money. Scraps ;novel or round shape can bo used , tne opus.- titm oonsisting simply of putting yoult pleas of leather in position and then drawing it from the other side until the material is used up. This ingenious little contrivance regulates the keeping in proper position of the 1(13,1(503- 3.0 be aut. The plate of the mach- ine is provided with three holes so adapted to secure perfect rounding of the laces by having them passed through once. The knife is adjustable and permits of cutting frotn the finest to the thickest WOVIC that can be asked of it.—grieh Leather Trades Journal The Last Letter Written by Dickens. Charles Diakens' last letter, one of the most interesting (1110(1 (10 ever wrote, mune into the market a few days ago at Bristol, Eugland, aud was speedily snapped up for O (temple of guineas. It 1300 tvritten to a Mr. Makeham and runs as follows : "It would lie quite inconceivable to me— but for your letter—that any reasonable reader mould possioly attach 0 soriptural reference to a passage in a book of mine, reprocluoing 0 much abused social figure of isp000lt, impressed into all sorts of service on all sorts of inappropriate oecasions,withotio the !tautest oonnection of its original source. I ant truly shooked to find that any reader Dan make the mistake. "311090 alwari striven in my writings to express veneration for the life and 130/10 of our Saviour, because I fool 1b; and because I rewrote tha)1 history for my children—every one of whoni knew it from having it repeated to them lmg before they oould road, and &moat as soon as they „mild speak. "3301 I have never tnade prodatnation of this from the housetops." 111r. Mitkoham explained in the tendon Daily NOW the cireminstaimos 11110103- 39111011 ho wrote to Dickens niter the novelises death. Tho figuro of speech of which this gentleman complained was drawn, ho says, " from a passage of tho Holy Writ which lc greatly reverenced by o. largo number of his countrymen 0.s 11. prophotio description of the suffering of our Savior," and is to lin found in the (0111 1) chapter of " Edwin Drood." Mistress—. W11.0 11 (10111 water you took up to 11r. Thomson's room 3" Ilridget—" S. mum, from tho 1101 (01(10." Seeing God. " The pure in heart shall see God. This promise does net simply give assurance that those who obey God in this life shall have the blessedness of beholding Him in the life to mote. It means that the obedient child of God shall have God revealed to him in this life as a consequence of his heart purity. Through his obedience he has unfolded within him new powers of perception that lay hold of divine things. Ile becomes conscious of the presence of an invisible intelligence with 13-110111 MS SOW holds 001111111101011, and from whom he drawn higher endowments of 1.3333s mud life. Just as the senses bring him uno consciousness of the material world which surround him, so the newly owakened susceptibility of tho heart makes him aware of the presenec of God. We beeome conscious of the outward visible world because our senses are respon- sive to its influences. Wo see the material universe through the effect it awakens in our material senses. 5131110801110 way, when our spiritual nature is nutdo alive in God, WO become responsive to the influence of His presence. He is made known to us by the effects that are wrought upon us by His personal influence upon us. Our spirits respond to the benign influences of His Spirit in more exalted forms of personal life. There are breathed into us aspirations, motives and dispositions which WO know come front 0 source above us. They are the revelations of God's presenee to us and in us," OOLUMBD 6' VESSEL. _A. Fat Simile or tbe Sante Maria to be made, ror the World's Fair Lieut. -McCarty Little, one of the ables officers of the United States Navy, has been. detailed by direction of the President of the United States to proceed to Spain to super- intend. the constraction of o Inc simile of the caravel Santa Maria, in which. Columbus sailed. It is proposed to have this caravel as nearly exact as possible. It will be manned by Spanish sailors in the costume of the thne of Columbus, sod it will be rigged with the same sort of rigging he used. There will be on board copies of the same charts that he had, foe similes of the same nautical instruments. The crew 13111 1)0 of the same number, and it has been suggested that to carry out the truth of history those should be in the craw an Eng- lishman and an Irishman, for according to Naverette, the eminent Spanish historian, William Harris, en Englishman, and. Arthur Lake, an Irishman, were membere of Columbus' crew. Them will also be a notary on board, wearing the ancient costume, and represent- atives of all other functionaries who accom- panied Columbus. It is proposed to have this vessel make its first appearance at the grand naval review which is to take place in the harbor of New York, whore the little ship will be saluted by the monstrous cruisers of modern inven- tion, representing all the navies of the world. At the elm of the naval review it is proposed to have this vessel transferred, with ceremoty,by the representative of the Government of Spain,to tho President of the United States, and then have it towed through the lakes and Welland Canal to Chicago, whore it will be one of the most interesting Nei:tires of the exposition. At the close of the exposition the vessel will be returned to Washington and itnehor- ed m one of the new basins of the Poto- mac, 4A1 08 jr:081:, ,)017 01;300, Foots and Figures, A Philadelphia Chinaman has thittty gods. Berlin, with 1,315,000 people, has only 26,800 dwellings. Of the twelve largest cities in the world three nee in Japan. Behest Bonner doors not think the trotting mile will res.& 2;05. During the past year 22,037 persons visit - ad the birthplace of Shaltspettro, as camper. ad with P2,300 it 1880. The year shows belanue of over 31,600 to the credit of the birthplace, Harverd University has 365,000 boned volunice in her library ; Yale has 200,000, Cornell 1b0,000, Columbio,00,000) Syracuse, 75,000, Dartmouth 08,000, Lehigh 07,000, Bowdoin 84,000, University of Virginia world's population in estimate of the as follows Europe, 38000,000 800,0:30,000; Africa, 127,000,000 ; Australia, 4,730,000 1 North America. 80,• 000. 210,000 ; South interim, 36,420,000 ;'total, Lake Winnipeg Wolves. In the winter of 1800 deer were unusually seam in the forests east of Lake Winnipeg. A wet; oold summer had destroyed an uncom- monly large proportion of fawns. Conse- quently wolves 130110 33-111100)1 their accuetom- ed food supply. Their distress made them forget their fear of human beings. One morning in January news reached Winnipeg City that a band numbering one hundred wolves bad slain many Indian hunters along the east shore, This turned out to be true. Several of the men were 0000311 11 on footOne climbed A tree Lind shot twenty wolves, Another clubbed a dozen. to death before they pulled him down. Ono hunter mounted a platform erected on. polos for the purpose of keeping skins above the reach of wildbeasts and vermin. Ho had intrdly begun firing when the wolves pressed. and leaped about the posts in such numbers that they threw 8013-11 the platform and tore the man to pieces, The same band had visited other camps. How many Indians in ell wore devoured could not be exactly ascertained ris more than one hunting party was said to hove been completely wiped. out. 11 is estimeted that at toast 1,000,000 pounds of rubber aro annually used for bi- eyel e tires.