The Brussels Post, 1891-8-7, Page 6CRINA'S RAILROAD LINE,
IT TOOK Ito Elm OF TROUBLE TO
PUT TRE WRE.ELS IN MOTION,
Millets Were to ite the motive Power -The
Lillie Monster ore Lotiontol Ivo thai wee
41lutolty Knottmed Together Out or nails
4an4 Fads -enuring the Yiattves to the
Snort or the tearful moeltine-impedi.
111111elibl lieffineff in tire rata or Progress
China lias to -day a little over a hundved
miles of railroad, built in spite of litany pro.
togs from the people, and in the come of
Many misgivings and nurell mental perturba.
Bon on the part of the authorities. The
tribulations of the headers, the need of
beteg satisfied if they made progress merely
by inoltes, the *unusual expedients to
which they had to resort, and the fair mea-
sure of Burmese whIell they finally atteffied
are graphically described in a.paper recent-
ly read before the British institution of
Civil Engituters by Mr. Claude ViIiiain
Kinder, one of the engineers who 'mut the
liaiping Railroad. Mr. Kinder a paper
shows more elearly than any other recent
publication the enormous difficulties in the
way of railroad construction in China.
If Europeans had proposed point blank
to the Chtnese authorities to introduce loco-
motives the idea would have been instantly
rejeeted. But the project for a railroad,
when it was first proposed, was, from the
Chinese point of v iew, not a very formidable
idea. The Meet nntent desired to facilitate
the shipment of coal from the Helping mines
to the sea. These mines are about eighty
miles northeast of Tientsin, an important
city on the Pei -ho, The navigable river
nearest to the mines is the Pelt•Tang. It
WAS proposed by the China elerchatits'
Steam Navigation Company to develop
these coal mines and to build a short line of
railroad from the mines to Lutai, cm the
PelaTang, whenee coal could readily be
shipped to the sea. It happened that at the
very time this idea was beheitthed in 1877 the
natives of south ChillA were tearing up the
little railroad, a year old, that connected
Shanghai with Woosung. It was amen ex.
tremely favorable tine to broaclt new rail.
road projects, but nevertheless the authori-
ties agreed to permit the company to build
twentyffiine miles of railway from the mines
to the river. The company were about to
begin the work in a state of high elation
when orders suddenly came to stop every.
thing, for the imperial sanction for a railroad
had been wtthdrawn.
Then followed a period of solemn discus.
aims, and the despairing navigation com-
pany were filially told that they might dig it
.canal from the river to within seven miles
of the coal mines, and at the terminus of the
canal it tramway, to be worked by mules,
might be Inult. o connect the canal with
the colliery. Tiro authorities declared that
on no account wculd locomotives be per-
mitted.
The navigation company, concluding that
this WAS the best attainable uoncession for
the time, went to work, not very emtented•
ly, on the canal, whieh, with its connecting
tramway, was completed in 1881. The canal
proved to be it partial failure. It was im-
possible to maintain the necessary depth
without constant dredging. The natives
often cut the banks and the company had
no power to stop them. The canal soon be- "
camealmost worthlessfor transport purposes, ,
while at the same time the seven -mile tram-
way was doing excellent service. The
company then decided to see if they eould
not cautiously substitute Steam for mule
power. They quietly set to work to make
it rude locomotive.
During the winter of 1880-81 a steam
engine of very extraordinary design was
knocked together in the shops from each
odds and ends as could be acoumulated with.
out attracting much attention. A portable
winding engine supplied the boiler. The
wheels had been purehmed as scrap castinge,
and the frames were made of channel iron.
Before this monster was completed rumors
About it reached Pekin, and strict orders
were given that the construction should be
•stopped at once. During several weeks
,thereafter many consultations were held
with Li Hung Chang, and finally permission
was given to complete the queer -looking
locomotive. It was christened the
Rocket of China, just 100 years to a day
-after the birth of George Stevenson. It was
put into daily use, and finally took a large
party of officials from the mines to the canal,
.returning at a speed of twenty reales an
hour.
The trip was a great success. There was
no more talk about mules, and the stables
built for their use were demolished. The
Chinese officials lad an opportunity to see 11
for themselves that the locomotive WM gotta t
inoffensive, and that it accomplished a good w
deal of hard work. The little machins u
familiarized them and the people who saw it it
with the ids& of a locomotive, and so in i
October, 1882, the authorities permitted the
oompany to import two tank engines from
England torten on the little seven -mile road.
Mr. Kinder says there is no doubt that if the
Rocket, which, after the importation of new
engines, was consigned to switching work,
had not hem built in China by native work-
men in Chinese shops it would never have
been permitted to run, and many years
would have elapsed before the advantages of
steam traction would have been proved to
the authorities.
until finally the road reishorl Tientein. The
Company lad been rechristened the Chine
Railway Company, but the administration
still remained, .111 the same hands. The
Mews. Krupp of Essen mound the eontreet
or providing the rails for this extension of
he renewal, as their offer was considerably
elow the market value,
t Throughout this wortc of building about
• a hundred miles of railroad a great many
difficulties of verities kin& were encounter-
: ed. The surveyors and engineers were
eonstaffily subjected to all sorts of anima--
. tutees. One day while surveying the roe
O pole was planted on the summit of 0 hi
1 where the remains of ti, rude fortitleation
, still Eclat. This was reported to the throne
I and several official despatches were required
! before the authorities were satisfied that no
eeriuus rebellion was contemplated and that
1 the Tongsan Earth Dragon was not likely to
be disturbed. A little later it was proposed
to use certain iroe ores which could be ob.
tained a short dirffance northeast of the
I railroad route. This scheme was stopped
as tieing detrimental to the mance of the
imperial deed, about 120 miles in a totally
different direetion. The public made so
great an uproot. Gat the coal mines them-
selves, at thab time in full operation, came
very near being closed. Mr. Kinder says
that the mere eight of a few boring rode,
steam pipes, or anything with a hole in it,
drove the natives trent io with fear ef rebels,
and for years after they persisted in the
belief that when the time was ripe the make
believe gas and water pipes would become
cannon or other weapons of warfare,
Pamphlets were circulated accusing the en-
gineers of attempts to unearth the treasure
guarded by the Dragon, and calling for the
immediate destruction of the works. Strikes
were 0011111100 and caused much delay to
obviate which men from other provinces
were imported, but with the exception of
those frons Shantung and Canton few re-
mained. In spite of the assertion that labor
was abundant it was often impossible to
secure sufficient hands, especially in the
summer, when they were most needed.
In many places the owners of land object
ed to the noise and whistling near the bone
of their ancestors. The seared remains wet
accordingly removed which gave an oppor
tunity to straighten the railroad line, whic
had been built with some very sharp curve
in an almost level comitry simply for th
purpose of avoiding the graveyards. Th
company also had much difficulty itt se
curing land, the people believing that i
would bring them back bad luck to sell to
railroad purposes. To this day some of th
land is still retained by the owners,
cultivate the soil right up to the grading o
the roadbed, and will not permit any side
drains te be out, Her alajesty, the Empress
long before the line was entirely built, be
came the most prominent advocate of west.
ern 'Improvements, but was hrtnly opposed by
the majority of the imperial family an,
various Boards.
It was, of course, necessary to build quite
a number of bridges One of them was ,
handsotne structure over the Pedlio, intend
ed to connect the south side of Tientsin witl
the tailway terminus on the north bank o
the river. Many hundreds ofjunks trade up
and down the river, and a swingspan wa.s
therefore provided. A clique, headed by
certain high officials who detested tbe rail-
road, determined to force trouble with the
unk people. They raised such a clamor that
Li Hung Chang finally gave the order for the
warty completed bridge to be destroyed,
h htun,lre,ls of blsg juiks liad
already passed safely through on their way
to the city, The stone abutments are all that
is left to mark the site. They are monu-
ments of the intrigues and jealousy whiah
form the real barrier to China's advance-
ment. The loss to the railroad company
from the destructim of this bridge was 540,-
000. This is a striking inetanee of the fact
that even so powerful. a. Viceroy as Li Hung
Chang was not able to stem the tide of
public opposition, and was compelled to
order the destruction of the work which
was begun at his express &sive.
The engineers found it diflioult to secure
fairly good surveys. They did not dare to
attract attention by chaining or any detail-
ed work. Usually they passed over the
ground so rapidly that they wore scarcely
noticed. Their surveys, however, proved to
be all that WAS required. To survey. the
numerous 'graveyards which an engtneer
knows he cannot go near, Mr. Kinder says,
would be wasted time and energy; and he
fonntl it wiser, after a careful examination
of the country, to at onoe try to drive a
centre line 111 the correct direction, and after
plotting this, to correct it a.s the instructions
required. The people, as a rule, desired to
have, the railroad as far from their towns as
ossible, but when the line was opened,
ke people elsewhere they often lamented
hot their demand had been oomplted
ith, The Chinese students of surveying,
nlike the Japanese, have not yet shown
ny aptitude for accurate surveys, but this
perhaps due to the clanger they incur from
the iutobs winch speedily collect and the
limited means provided for their protection
in ease of any disturbance.
The one advantage was that labor was
cheap. The average pay of men who work.
ed in the cool mines or on the railroad was
about fourteen cents a day. Cnskilledlabor
is much cheaper than in Europe, while skirl-
ed labour is usually dearer. The Chinese
are excellent at all kinds of earth works,
provided sufficient care is taken to keep them
in proper line and level, of which little de-
tails they are apt to be somewhat careless.
The centre line was marked with pegs 100
feet apart, duly numbered in English and
Chinese. This gave occasion for another
luetration of the extreme excitability of
he natives. The European figures exoited
ffiefal wrath and were removed, and in
any cases the pegs themselves were taken
way. 1.n the most diffioult grading soldiers
.ere employed, and their work was excel.
nt as they are accesbonted to the oonstrec.
ion of the mud forta used in China,
About, 800 passengers a day are carried on
he road between Ta.ku and Tientsin. The
ompana haa spent little money in bffildinge,
he stations being brick or mud structures,
Holt are quite good etioggh for the traffic,
n extensive station wee laid nut at Tient.
111, but was stopped when the authorities
witted that they woffid not permit the ex-
ension of the road to Ting Chow, the port
f Pekim. The company has, however, so-
ured ample lend ea which to rear buildings
t all important points, The first train
eaohed Tientsin in August, 1888, and in
he following month the Viceroy went over
he whole line with it large staff of officiate,
turning tho next day. He WAS highly
leased with the road, and at the end of Inc
urney lost no time in attempting to push
he line on to Tung Chow, on the way to
(*kip. The scheme was agreed to and duly
motioned by imperial edict., but when all
as ready for a start the eametion WAS Wi
raven and tho whole affair atopped. Itr.
inder says tho opposition was undoubtedly
orn the officiate in Pekin, who profit to
he tribute, rim being conveyed by bortthy
ung Chow aerl thence by canal to the calk.
1, Everything had boon done to satisfy
le grave owners and the opposition of the
ok tradere, and the proposed lino hail boos.
id out at, 0 dietance from Lite river towns;
ut nothiog meld be done when Glom In
te
11
high autheritydetermi nod that; the extension
should not be carried out.
Mr. Kinder nye; " There is naturallaitt
0111110 A desire to construe!: their railways
out of their own oatmeal& 0 0 0It
must alweys be remembered that in China
more than elsewhere the Government hold
their position solely by the good will of the
people, and the numomis nubile guilds,
shotdd their interest be in any way
are quite able anti willing to defend their
rights. Whatovev good railwayonn effect
in the immediate futhre, they must in ono
form or auothen for a certain period, serious-
ly interfere with the vast nember of workers
who cannot be assured that the change will ,
brine any adequate improvement to those I
who live from hand to mouth end cannot
WAit for results ; and such form the bulk
of the Chinese pepulation, They can at
any moment be arousedby interested portions
to block the path of progress, For this
reason changes must be gradual, ned the
hardships brought about must be confined
to small sections, where they can be °abet.
ively remedied, anti where any outory would
be too smell to attract seams attention.
The improvement of trade and the introdue.
tion of various manufactures along the line
of railway will soon create new demands for
labor, and the slow extenzion of the various
branches can be then undertaken withant
any fear of opposition.
In many districts, and espeelally. near
large towns, the graves will form an "neer.
mountable barrier, and 1,1 Tients thestation
yard was placed in a swamp which required
raising several feet in order to secure a
senate site. Many graves, probably over
3,0e0, have been removed without very seri-
ous trouble, but these have been exolusive/y
those of the pewee classes who are less su-
perstitious than their superiors, and possibly
more easy fulitteneed by money. In many
places the line was deflected several hundred
yards to avoid the graves of 'minute of
officials, audit is entirely out of the question
tobring it anywhere near these. For this
reason, in splte of the excellent eon figaration
of the land, sharp curves will be nutnerous
itt places where the population is massed.
In the extreme southern provitnes the dead
e are buried among the hi Is, and the plains
. are entirely freefrom this class of obstruc-
n Gen ; but, on the other hand, the land is
very erpensive, usually over 5400 per acre
e for rice land, and the innumerable cram'
e necessitate a great amount of bridging.
. i Added to this the more determined and war
t• like character of the people, and theirintense
e hatred of foreign introduction render the
, prospeats of railways in southern China far
o 1 more gloomy than in the north."
t 1
1
The Girl Who is Ever Welcome.
; 'The evelcotne gueat iS the oirl who, know-
! nig the hour for breakfast, 01 pears at the
I table at the proper time, dues not keep
others waiting, and does not get in the way
by being clown half-amuhour before her
v hostess appears.
- The welcome guest is the girl who, if
there are not many servants in the house,
f has sufficient energy to take care of her own
room while she is visiting ; and if there are
people whose duty it 15, she makes that
duty es light as possible for them, by put.
ting away her. own effiongiege, and in this
way not necesaitating extra work
For several years no more railroad build-
ing was tindertaken. The ceuntry was not
ripe for it. The fact that a railroad was
running elven miles had been kept very
quiet, and although it had been in use for
11
ttve years very few high officials had dared t
to visit it or to extol its merits. Finally the 0
lfraneo-Chinese war came on, and the stop. m
page of the tribute rice steamers was three- a
toned. The canal Was rendering very Made. A
quate service. The Government desired to le
exPedito the fowarding of coal to the sea, t
and at last 11 consented to the prolongation
of the railroad line froin the mines to the t
?eh -Tang River, at Lutai, to which point 0
junkand steamers of 1,000 tons capacity t
could emend. The company hall no funds w
to build this road, and a tiew eoinpauy call- 4.
ed the Ettiping Railroad Company was s
• formed, which purchased the old line, Qom d
siderable donbt was felt as to the profits the t
road would yield, and the company had 0
hard work to raise the small 81.101 of 5350,, 0
000. No one fele •aute that the soheme
would be carried out, or that the Throne r
would not once tnore withdraw its saltation, 1.
However, the rails were laid for the meet
part along the canal bank, and at last, in re
May, 1887, the line was completed to the p
river vvith a good brook well suited to a jo
moderate traffic at low speed. The total t
coat, including an American lortentotive and P
forty teteton coal wagons, wee it little less
them 5171,000. The work was entirely car. w
tied out by Chinese under the direction of tl
Mr. Kinder and two native artietante, who K
had been edueated abroad, fr
• The experiment proved very successful,
and Li Hing Chang, China'smostprogressive T
man, immediately prowled for an c (melon ta
of the road to 'Wm at the moidli of the Poi. 11
together with allIte from lake to Tient. it
sin, chiefly for military purposes So the It
Work wept on, link being added to link, b
The welcome guest is the one who knows
how to be pleasant to every members of the
fatnily, and who yet has tact enough to
retire from it room wheu some specutl faintly
affair is under thseussion.
The welcome guest is the one who does
not tind children disagreeable, or the mei.
ous pets of the household things to be dread-
ed.
The welcome guest is the one who, when
her hostess is busy, ean entertain hermit
with a book, a bit ot sewing, or the writing
of it letter.
The welcome guest is the one who, when
her friends come to see her, does not disar-
range the household in which she is staying
that she may entertain them.
The welcome guest is the ene who, having
broken the bread and eaten the salt of her
friend, has set before her lips the seal of
silence, so that when she goes from the house
she repeats nothing but the agreeable things
that she has seen.
This is the welcome guest, the one to
whom we say good•bye with regret, and to
whom we call out welcome with the lips and
from the heart.
But one girl, who works all day long in
the mending-rootn of an embrolde: y factory,
told me how they Inade much of their spare
minutes. There were thirty of them, and
whenever a piece of embroidery came from
the great looms it went into their hands to
be looked earn and mended, so what they
did was "piece -work,' and any minutes
they gave up were deducted from their
dine at the end of the week. After think-
ing it over they decided that each one could
spare ten minutes a day, and the one who
was having her ten minutes, read to tho
others. In this way they got three hundred
minutes a day, eighteen hundred iffinutee it
week, and -whoever among you is a good
arithmetician -count how niany minutes si
year that would be for them.
Doesn't this make you,
who govern your
own time, a hit ashamed? Remember, time
ia really money to those girls, and yet they
were willing to give it that they might gain
knowledge. The good that came from the
reading was not only in the story, or the
verse, or the history, but emelt girl learned
to tizie worth' correctly ; she grew to under.
stand, and to be mistress of good English -
and all becalm of the spare minutes -the
miautes that, in til, aro so prone to idle
ThWay.
The loss of titne was not great, and the
gain in knowledge was. After my friend
had told me of this I wondered how meny
girls there were who took ten minutes s
day to hnprove their minds, end, do you
know I think the greatest number will be
found' among the women who deny them-
selves aomething, in taking this time 1 The
working -girl of Atnevica is the mother of
the next generation. She is wealthy in
wisdom, she is growing to be healthy in
looks, and that she is wise is certain. To
Inc she is so near and dear that I always
want to meet hov ; and now I want to say
to her ; " Como omd get acquainted with
me. Tell inc EL little of your troubles and of
your joys ;111 tell you of mine, and we
will suggest to each other the working out
of problems that at first aeom difficult."
Will they onswer my appeal? They ale
my special friends,
The other day while the salmon fishers
were at work on the River Tay at the " Skin
the Goat " station, the net got hist itt some.
thing heavy in the bed of the river. The
obseruction turned out; to lie an ancient
canoe or "dug out," formed from it largo
oak tree, measuring a.bout 20 feet long, 3
feet breed at the stimn, and from '2 to 3 feet
deep. Unfortunately, pare of the canoe
was broken by the fishermen before ib Wag
aseertained what it WAS. It irr stipposecl to
have ltitu whore found foe several hundred
years, a ebange of currebt moping away
the overlying eand estd exposing the ancient
erafti
MR, AND MRS. BOWER
" Do you pose a easmenteteshop on yotte
way dowittown ?" asked Mee. 13o*vaer the
other morning 118 HI% 13owser WAS ready to
leave the houee.
" Why V" he cautiously asked In reply,
" We ought to have a atireemdoor to the
kitchen. There's where all the flies come
in. We oett use one of those doom we
brought With 118, but we'll Iwo to have it
carpenter to hang it,"
" Wo will, eh ? I beg to differ. I don't
propose to pay. no carpeffier three or four
dollars for doing what I eau do in half an
hour, I'll fix it myself."
" But don't you remember, Mr. Bowser
-don't you remembev that you "-
" That I what ?"
" Yoe tried to hang a sareen-door last
Summer in Detroit and you goL ao mad you
nearly tore the house down."
" I did, eh 1 That's a pretty yarn foe
you to stand up there end spat ! In the
fiss1P1000. I never tried to hang a screen
door and tile 111800011d 1 never got mad."
"But you -you" she stammered.
" Nothing of the sort 1 I don't even re
member that we had a screen -door. I neve;
tried to hang one, 1 nemr goL marl. I never
even saw A fly around our house in Detroit.
Change of 01111040 seems to have had a very
queer effect on you."
" I3ut won't y.on send up a carpenter?"
" Not by a jugful ! I shan't have any.
thing to do at the °Bre this afteviroon, and
if there's a bit of tinkering around the
holm it will be fun for me."
He returned at noon, having a heavy
parcel with him, and when Mrs. Bowser
asked about the oon tents he cut the string
and replied :
"Just a few tools. Come handy to tink-
er with. Every man ought to keep a few
1,0018 alld d0 his own repairing. 1 think I
saved us at least 5200 last year,"
" Well, I hope you won't fly mad over
your work. A screen -done is a very par -
dottier thing to hang."
" Oh! ibis 1 You've hen lots of 'em, I
presume I"
I know that it takes a skillful work.
man,'
" You'd better write a book and cal it :
What I Know About Sereen•Doors,' I
ought to feel awful proud to think I have
such a smart wife ! Run right in,'
how,
and begin on the first chapter of yout,
book 1"
Mr. Bowser descended to the cellar,
where he foLutd four screen -doors of differ.
ent sizes. He selected one he thought
would fit and carried it up. It was six
inches too high. The next was four inches
too short. The third was almost long
enough to make two such door- as he want-
ed. He had the fourth one, which was
almost 8. fit, in the back yard, when Mrs.
Bowser came out to say
" If you had first measured the opening
and thou measured your doers, you wouldn't
have had to lug up but this one."
" Wouldn't I? Perhaps you understand
my object in bringingup the extra ones Per.
haps 11 18 the ditty of a husband tn explain
every little move he makes?"
The door had to be sawed off' nitwit an
inch ab the top. Mr, Bowser brought out a
couple of kitchen chairs, made a wretch on
the door with a nail, and was about to use
the saw, when she asked :
" Aren't you going to strike a Ithe access
there 7"
"For what reason'?"
"11 you don't you can't saw straight."
" Can't 1? Perhaps I am blind !"
When he finished sawing otf the eta') and
held the frame up to the opening it was
plain that he had run his saw at an angle.
" I told you so," she quietly observed.
" Told me what 1" lie replied, as he turned
on her. 'Do you suppose I don't know what
I'm about! Do you itnagine I wanted a
straight top on thet door ! If you know so
much go ahead and finish the job I"
Mrs. Bowser went tato the house, and Mr.
Boweer held the frame up again to see that
he would be obliged to tack on a strip or
leave an opening for all the flies itt New
York State. He was sawing a piece off one
of the other doors to make this strip when
Mrs. Bowser appeared and said :
" You'll spoil that door, too Mr. Bowser.
Why don't you take is piece front this box?
If you had put a straightffidge on the other
and marked it you would have been all
right."
-"Mrs. Bowser," Ile began melte laid down
his saw, "ani I a purblind child five or six
years old, who must be brought in when it
rains, or am I the 'nen of the house, forty
years of age and generally supposed to have
sense enough not to sit down under a pile-
driver to eat my dinner ?"
" But you'll never make that door fit," she
protested.
"If I don't no other man on earth need
try !"
She went in again and Ile sawed off a strip
and nailed it on the other door. Then he
held it up to find the frame half an inch too
long. ales. Bowser reappeared anti was
about to say soinething, but he glared. at
her eo savagely that, she went back With011t
O word,
Thr infernalold kitchen is either 'M-
olarthe bottom to make a fit, and she'll
ng up or settling down 1" he growled as he
told the door ep. " I've got to saw a piece
ither fit or down comes the shanty I"
Ho sawed off a piece and got what Ile
called a (it. He smiled and chuckled over
Ins *meets, and had the hinges on when
Mrs. Bowser oame out to ask :
" What good is a door there if you leave
all those oraoka "
"Crooks 1 Cracks! You can't find one I "
" Look here -and here -and here 1 bit,
Bowser, even the bumble -bees of New York
would have no trouble in flying in there 1
And how are you putting that spring on ?"
Mr, Bowser laid down the hammer, the
gimlet and the screwdriver, and after wip-
ing off his flushed face he stood erect and
pointed into the kitchen. Mrs. Bowser dis-
appeared without, it word. Then he inspeet-
ed and found cracks,
" Confounded old door -way is out of
plumb, and that's the matter !" he growled,
m he sot to work to uuhinge it. When be
got the door off he racked It this way and
that end tried it again. Moro cracks than
before. He took it down and sprung on the
top with all his might, and this thee, as he
held it up, there wive a' crevice through
which a sparrow could have flown, He
started to lay it flat on the ground, but fell
forward, tumbled over hhnself and sprawl-
ed on his back.
" What's tho matter ?" risked Mrs, Bowser
froin the hack door.
Mr, Bowser slowly arose, looked allarouncl
tor the exe, and not seeing it he jtimped itt
the aereon.doors and kicked with both feet
until they were reduced to skitter' and
stripe. Then he went up to Mts. Bowser,
panting and perspiring and pale...faced, and
hoarsely whispered:
"This is the last tirne.-the very last 1
Next time yon 00015 1110 lilt° (Wig my such
infernal putteting work around thc house
111 go-go, flavor to return 1
"When did 7 eoax you 1"
" Never you mind 1 It's all right I"
" 13ot say" -
"Just -keep quiet I 7 ant neither, blittd
C), tool
reeameeemseaseeeemeeaeseemasseeeetseesamesee....emetemic
nor deaf. If we livo together to billion
years longer dou't you ttek rile to even bore a
hole 'tt •1 tebledeg for a castoe 1 Thie is the
Cut dangerous from this on!"
TO Put Into a Summer Trunk.
If you wear a fluffy bang, you want youv
alcohol Imp.
If you wear laced alines, you want a dozen
pairs of shoo -strings,
If you varnish or polish your shoos, you
want a new bottle of whatever blauking you
may faney.
lf you aro itttelittetl to sunburn, you want L
pot of ateawbervy cream or mate (Ad cream.
If you aro fond of reading, you want your
faeovite books,
If you evev MO pins, you want a block of
bleek ones and a paper of white ones.
If you are a good girl and tnend your
clothes, you want some spools of thread,
your needles, your thimble and soma buttons,
If you use any apeciai kind of soap, you
want six cakea of it,
If you make yourself meet with infant -
powder and it puff, you want a sealed peek -
age of powder.
If you use bonnet pins to fasten on your
hat, yet* want a dozen of them.
If you ave inclined to be ildtempered and
petulant, you want an unlimited amount of
patience.
If you axe inclined to be careless and in.
considerate, you want a very large patikage
of energy and friendliness.
And if you are lacking in politeness, then
you want to remember that if &gentleman's
God Almighty's 1110.11, then surely she who
Outline to be a Christian, must, before every.
thing else, be gentle in her manner,
The Touch of a Vanished Rand.
01, whyshould the world seem strange,
With its beauty around me still?
And why should the elope of my awarded path
Seem suddenly all uphill?
I had gone, with a buoyant step,
So cheerily on my way;
How couldl believe's° calm it light
Could turn to so chill o gray1
And wherefore? Because the hand
That held itt its clasp my own-
,' Vhose touch was a benediction such
As oniy the blest hove known -
Was caught by the 1-IOWILIS810.101
Of en angel, and Howard drawn.
What hope, what comfort, what guidance now,
Since the stay of ruy life is gone
But a stronger is left to thee,"
Some comforting whisper smith -
The arm that shall .qlrry t heti safe to h1/11
When thou evoseest the tides of death."
If uhrist In His moral hour
Had need of the oilmen three.
'l'o watch with Him through the awful throes
0( 511,. dread Gethsemane,
Oh. surely Ills human heart
Witt pity and understand
Teat speeffitleae vearffing, ton deop fnr words,
For the " toueli at the vanished hand "
-ifarp.r'r Ila:aar.
Sage and Savory.
Indolence abhers exerciee.
The spark of envy kindlee tho fires of
hate.
It is easiev to refuse another than to deny
self.
If pains is taken satisfaction should be
given,
Hope will not revive until confidence has
hem restored,
Even those who live higher° not out of
harm's reach
The wrong -doer may succeed in eluding
justioe runty to be overtaken by remorse.
He whose wit is his livelihood can ill af-
ford to be out of humor,
The eye telegraphs.ite message of love ;
the tongue expresses the sentiment.
The man who wants nothing could not
possibly wish foe less.
It would seem absurd for one to plead
that the veugeful things one has said about
another were uttered in spite of one's self.
Though truthful utterance is worthy of
the highest commendation, it cannot be
denied that a lying tongue would be better
still.
Fables About Finger Nails,
Fortune-telling by means of the finger
onychomaney, as it is called, was not
uncommon in ancient. times. The practice
was to rub the nails wAlt 111and soot or wax,
anti to hold up the nails thus prepared,
against the sun, and upon the transparent
horny substance, were supposed to appear
figures or characters which gave the answer
required. In more recent times people have
been found predicting by meatus of the nails
of the hand, and telling the disposition of
persons with certain descriptions of nails.
According to those sages a person with broad
nails is ot gentle nature, titnid, and bashful.
Those whose nails grow into the hell at the
points or sides are given to luxury, A white
mark on the nails foretells misfortune. Per -
6011$ With very pale nails are subject to much
infirmity of the flesh and persecution by
neighbors and friends. People with narrow
nails are ambitious and quarrelsome. Lovers
of knowledge and liberal sentiment have
round nails. Indolent people ho.ve general-
ly fleshy rails. Small nails indicate little-
ness of mind, obstinaoy, and conceit, Mel-
ancholy persona Are distinguished by their
pale. or lead•colored nails ; and choleric,
martial men, delighting in war, have red
and spotted mile. A man Wil0Seleft thumb
nail bears the freeh impress of 0411 eight ounce
hodniner will quarrel with his own shadow.
Rer Last Course,
When I married my wife she hacj deified steno-
graphy,
Gelthat down solid then took tip photography.,
islastered that science and darted geography,
Ail in the enema of a year ;
She presently took no a course of theology,
Followed Oust up with a tO0C11 01'. mythology,
Got a degree in the line of soology,
Still her great mind remained clear.
So she took in a course on the theory of writ.
tog,
Some lessons and points on the subjects of
blglmttli
A long course on house building, heating and
over hot' classmates she'd soar,
So she entered tho subjoin; of steam amigo:
itbsttTook also inetwoction In ehttrolt education,
And mastered the study of impersonation,
And still she WAS longing for more.
Next sluttecklod thelatest great fad, Model
olty,
Drea:* reform institutes taught hor
Sought the best. way to encourage felicity,
Oh! she's as smart, as it book I
See at last ended up with a course in phonates,
(Save a little attention and time to athletics,
Tho rest of her leisure she gave to meow:ties,
And now ehe Is learning to cook 1
One single out with the whip at the wrong
dm will not be forgotten by some horses
derieg a whole mason* and may cause the
horse to boots= thrlid end irritable -may,
in fact, ultimately ruin him, causing him to
prove unreliable, both as regards gait and
everything olso considered as ocoeptional
valuable.
A GRICULMTRAL,
Notes for the Farmer,
clu'orohcdeatirbyrir8aroilflelif.ea2t.olialTOlerialsail41 Ls7n.
in
as a substitute for bran resulted in quito 5.
large aoresgo of Ole valuelde grain being
sown, and reports aro favorable as to the
appormancte of the mem up to this writing,
Peas eau be eneceesfully grown almoet any
where if precaution is taken to plarit not
less than two or three inches deep. Forty
busliele of fleas are equal to 7,000 pounds of
latter•day bran as Abutter feed.
One of the best preventives of injury to a
eornfielti by gopbera is a few onve ot corn
scattered over the field. 1110 vastly ehetvp.
er to feed the little pests in Mlle way than
to stiffer the loss of the eovn plant, Besides
the gopher is not an an unmixed evil, for he
0011811Me8 large f Mtn i tics of May healer',
grasshoppers, end other deatructive insects.
The wise and thoughtful farmer usually
makes more ninney by utilizing nature than
by fighting her,
We must get the expeelenoe of others to
be sumessful in breeding and farming In title
day 41111 age, Farmers who have no time oe
inclination to read the horse and agricultur-
al papers !mend their whole lives ignorant of
the experience of ahem* thet would have
saved them time, labor and money, and
would have given them success were they
relying upon their own experieece only, inet,
failure, while their sells come to the front
end learn more prandial experience from
the horse ona Lim papers in one year than
the old fogy has learned in all his life.
An abnormal amount of white on the face
is objecticnable, Inte a, blaze or star is fanci-
ed by a great many buyers. Fonr white
legs with a white face are not ea objection.
able as three, the horse pnssessed of the
latter being, as a general rule, regarded arc
lacking in stamina. Two white hind litnbe,
or it white fore and hind, with blaze or star,
are not much objected to. Generally, how-
ever. the less white a draft horse has about
his limbs the better seller he is.
The largest farm in the world is in
Louisiana and contains a tnillinn and a half
acres The fencing cost 5.30.000 and there
is not a draft horse on the place, The
'Anteing, harrowing, ditching, sowing, culti-
vating, ete., are all done by steam. Horses
are nsed by the herdsmen to look after the
113,000 betel a cattle on the place. The
Southern Nettie NOM 1111'011211 it for thivity-
six miles, and there are twelve steemboats
traversing three luitelred miles of navigable
water, a shipyard, a bank and two rico
mills, All belonging to the farm.
There is a good profit to be trade from a
cow that yields ;ffin pounds of butter a year,
and a certain loss from every cow that tnakes
only 125 pound:* a year. The herds that
aye, age over 310 poentis in altruist every
case are pure Jerseys or high grades. These
facts ought to open the eyes or dairymen to
the importance of intertwine their cows but
progress travels along the mud rouds in the
countro and movee elowly, However, *ye
must k..eep pegeing awly, in the hope that
coming generations will keep better COWS.
Row to Kill ths Rose ling.
The editor of the Rural New Yorker an-
nounces that be has just discoverecl 05050
way of killing the rose bug nr rose ehafer
without injury to foliage. The bug has in-
ereased rapidly in the last few years and
ha.s devastated thousands of vineyards
The editor says :
" Experiments made during the present
week prove thet this insect cannot survive a
temperature of over 120' Fahrenheit. Tho
next step was to ascertain if this ntethod of
destruction eould be put to an easy, practic-
able use. Watev wtts heated to 1700 and
poured into a pail. A smell hand force-punm,
with eight feet of hose and a half-inch iron
tube of five feet (thirteen feet in all,) term•
inating with a. cyolone nozzle, was then used
to forms the water upon the rose chafers of
the tnagnolia flowers, in 000 01 which there
were not less than 100 of them. The time
spray upon the beetles was Amon by the
thermometer to be 120°. The rose bugs re-
ceiving the direct spray were dead in about
one minute. The others recovered. The
temperature of the water was then raised ao
that the mercury rose to 140, when the
thermometer was placed within two inches
of the nose°, This was splayed into a
portly opened magnolia flower containiug
fifty or more beetles. All were almost in-
stantly killed, Neither foliage nor flowers
was injured,"
Young Figs.
The protit derived from swine breeding bo
dependent to a very large extent ontho suc-
cess achieved in rearing good farrows, and
nothing is more annoying or discouraging
when a sow has presented one with a farrow
of fine youngsters than to find one or more
dead each time time the pen is visited. One
of the (thief causes of loss in this respect is
incurred by the sow lying on her young, a
habit often oceffisoned by'feverishness
ed by parturition, and causing constipation,
whish renders hoe restless and uneasy. This
is generally the result; of feeding and insuf-
ficient exercise, and is more often &let with
in the case of sows that have been penned
upand fed too highly ; but, unfortunately,
this is not often forted out until too late to
save the farrow, The remedy in such 00.8011
is obvious -food of a laxative nature should
be given, and nothing is bother, if the
weather is favorable, than to turn the Bow
out into n yard and fovea her to take slow
exercise. 'Phis treatment appears to allay
the feverishiness, and when she is reeurned
to her young she will usually lie down quiet-
ly, but if she be still restless she should be
again exorcised after the young pigs have
sucked. Lice are sometimes the MUSS of a
sow lying on her offspring, as, irritated by
these pests, site will rub herself against any
convenient object and often throw herself
down on the ground regardless of her young
or anything else. Occasionolly the habie
arises frotn the sowbeing deaf and not hear-
ing the cries of the young pig she le :truth-
ing to death, Title last cause is peehape
mom annoying than any of the former ones,
as, on account of itz being unsuspected, a
six-weeksffild pig is as apt to be sacrificed
as a pig a day old,--plark Lan e Express.
Royal Mem.
When the royal family of Einglomd receive
ed their voyal relatives, the Emperor and
Empress of Gevmatiy, they lamed as Wee-
tionately as if they wore ordinary people.
Kissing is a noticeable feature of the reign.
of Vittoria the Good. And tho onstorn 15
marked by it sad fact -the death of the
Prineess Alice, daughter of the queen who
ould not deny the request of her child
dying of diphtheria an d kissed him, inhaling
• the poison and dying herself in a few days.
" What meltew a woman marry?" asks an
I artiele in the North American Review,
1 Itui we answer, man,
alavennabil claims the oldoet American
theatre,