The Wingham Advance, 1915-08-05, Page 3[44
2sP-vrtr,
CONTROL OF POTATO DISEASES.
(By H. T. ("Seesaw, Dominion
Botauist.)
le order to prevent loos 1 Make
the cultivatieu of ;Mathes more pro-
fitable, itis neeessary to Strictly fol-
low certain lines, laid down for the en.
mination o iseeses, when it is rea.-
Meltable to expect that the diseases
'will be eventually exterminated or re-
duced to a minimum. .Any objections
a farmer may have to carrying out
the following euggestions will disap-
pear when, ie finds twin experieuce
that their observance reaults in a
greatly increased yield and higher pro-
fits to himself:
DISEASES OF SEND TUBER.
1. The presence of powdery scab
shall qualify any lot of potatoes for
seed ourposes. Powdery scab occurs
in the 'Maritime Provinces; no cases
of this disease have been observed
.west of the province of Quebec. In
order to prevent the disseminatioa or
this disease, all potatoes grown in the
"infeeted area" are being ofticially in-
spected and certified before shipment.
2. Potatoes entirely free from all
diseases or blemishes are the ideal
Potatoes for seed purposes.
3. When selecting potatoes for
planting, all bruised, decayed, ex-
ternally diseasea or unsound tubers
should be removed,
4. Tubers showing common scab
should, preferably, be all removed.
Tbe chances are that scabby ;Seed will
produce ft scabby crop.
6. After having removed all ex-
ternally diseased and otherwise in-
jured tubers, the seed should be soak-
ed in bags or bulk for three home in
a solution of b-ichloride of mercury,
1 part in 2,000 parts of water, After
'416‘,7 treatmeet, spread out and dry.
' 6. When dry, cutting the potatoes
for "sets" will commence. Provide
each person engaged with a potato,
knife, and keep a number of knives
in a wooden pail containing a solution
of 1:1,000 bi-chloride of mercury.
7. The stem end of the tuber is
the seat of several internal diseases.
Cut a thin slice of the stem end of
each potato; if perfectly sound and
free from brown streaks, rings or
spots, continue catting it up to re-
quired size, t
8. Discard at once all tubers show-
ing discolouration, when cut as
above, at the stem end, and throw cue
those showing any kind of spotting
inside; though the stem end itself may
have shown no disease.
9. Having used the knife on a tuber
showing any kind of discolouration
inside, throw it at once into the dis-
infecting solution, and take out
another knife before.cutting up a
new tuber. A. knife that has cut'
through a diseased tuber conveys
certain diseases to the new tuber,
hence it le very important to change
the knife after having thrown out a
diseased tuber. It is waste of time
to cut out brown spots and use the
rest of the tuber.
After following these precautions,
everything has been done to eliminate
diseases conveyed by unsound eed po-
tatoes. The sets are now ready for
planting.
DISEASE -INFECTED LAND.
In the case of powdery scab and
a nuraber of other potato disesases,
the casual organism persists in the
soil for a number of years; it is
therefore, necessary to avoid too fre-
quent succeesion of pctato crops. Or-
dinarily, potatoes should not be grown
oftener on the same land than every
fourth year. Where powdery scab has
existed, it is advisable to change to
land that has not paeviously produced
a diseased crop of potatoes. The in-
fected 'land may be used for any other
crop with the exception of potatoes.
DISEASES OF GROWING PLANT,
The recognitian of diseases nOtice-
able only in the growinet plant will
invariably be most difficult. Where
doubt exists, a specimen showing the
suspected trouble should be mailed
tto the Dominion Botanist for hs
advice, but, generally speaking, care-
ful attention to the elimination of
.disease in the seed tubers will have
largely reduced the disease affecting
the growing pleat. 'Farmers should
'make it a rule to immediately remove
,any individual hill that may show
kigns of yellowing, curling -up of
leaves or otherwise feeble growth, as
well as any individual plant with
flowers of a different (toter from the
rest, in order to keep varletieg mire.
SPRAYING.
1. Spraying is practised for two
main Tea:sone: First, to control the
Colorado beetle; and, second, to cll.
trol alto blight. There aro other min-
or reasons.
2. Experiment; have shown that
several solution% will deetroy the Col-
orado beetle, but the solution acting,
Most rapidly is the one to use.
3. Spraying mutt Ise done thermal). -
41. All plants, and all parts thereof,
must be well coeerea. A plant with
one half sprayal and tile other half
f• awn of be the beetles very quickly.
This will leave enough beetles to con-
tinue the pest. tew spray thoroughly
applied is better than several careless-
ly applied.
4. We recommend two speelal ap-
plications for beetles; one wircit ties
Plants are from four to six incises
high, to be followed be another from
one to two weeke later. The interval
between the sprays will »family vary
riceording to the eeverit yet' the at-
tack. Tlie solution we use and ream -
mend is me& up as felon's:
Eight to ton MilleeS of Paris green,
1St, to 2 pounds asseate of lend to
46 imperial gallons of staler.
This elution (When s satisfactorily
to the foliage ani Controls the ravages
of the hosel.s. Spraying* will generelly
cnninievee toe:ante, the let ef .Titly.
5. After the first two application
hese hotel made, eve eontintas stiteying
reeniarly onee vere two svelte richt
lie to naeveet time, Ming "MI:30'1011s"
13014004X MiXture of the following
compOSition•
Four pounds of linin er more, if ne•
emery; 6 pounds sulphate et (elver,
32 ounces Paris green, 40 Imperial gal -
lens of water,
0. Do not spray on very \vilely
•days. Spray early in the morning, Or
commence two hours before Bunsen
Postpone spraying in unsettled weath-
er, but evilly thoroughly, particularly
after a period of rain.
- - ^
FIELD CHOPS AND
FARM LAND STOCK
Larger Acreage and Good Outlook
Shown by Reports.
Increase in Most Departments o
Stock &own.
.A. press bulletin of the Census and
Statistics Office, Ottawa, reports fin-
ally on the areas sown to field crops
for the season of 1915, and of their
condition at the end of June. It also
gives estimatee of the number of farm
live stock. The areas sown to field
crops, prelhninary estimates of which
were given a =Mth ago, aro now af-
ter conclusion of the sowing season
definitely reported to be as follows:
Wheat, 12,986,400 acres; whien is near-
ly es lac; more than the area sown,
and 20 p.o, more than the area har-
vested for 1914; barley, 4509,350
acres, compared with last year's har-
vested area of 1,495,600 acres; oats,
11,365,000 acres; against 10,061,500;
hav and, clover 7,875,000, acres
againet 7,997,000; buckwheat, 348,800
acres againet 354,400; flaxseed, 1,009,-
600 acres itgainet 1,163,000; corn for
husking 253,300 acres against 256,000;
corn for fodder, 313,400 acres against
317,000; potatoes, 47S,600 acres against
475,900. and turnips, etc., 172,700
acres against 175,000 acres. In the
three Northwest Provinces the esti-
mated areas sown to wheat are 11,744,-
700; acres to barley, 962,000 to oats, 6,-
290,000 acres and to flax 1,004,000 acres
as compared with the harvested areas
of last year, viz., wheat 9,336,400; bar-
ley, 936,000; oats, 5,353,000 and flax,
1,157,000 acres. More than half the tos
tai area under wheat and 89 p.c. of
the area under flax is reported from
the single province of Saskatchewan.
Condition of field • crops.—Corres-
pondents state that in the Maritime
provinces the weather (teeing June
was cold and wet; growth therefore
was rather backward. The hay pros-
pects were, however, excellent, Ii
Quebec the grain crops were good,
but the weather had been dry and
cold. In Ontario all crops, especially
fan wheat, looked well, but the hay
crop was light. In the Northwest pro-
vinces the condition of the grain
crops continued to be generally fav-
orable. Frosts, however, about the
middle of June, caused a temporary
set -back. In Northern Alberta there
had been too much rain, but in seuth-
ern Alberta the promise was for good
grain crops. Conditions in British
Columbia were generally favorable.
Expressed numerically, the' condi-
tion of .• • principal grain erops con-
tinues to be excellent. To wheat rye
barley and oats are all assigned points
exceeding 90 p.c. of a standard of 100
as representing a full crop. Assuming
that conditions up to the time of har-
vest be fairly nornial the indications
are the end of June are for yields per
acre in excess of the average of the
six years, 1008 to 1914, by 16.6 p.c. for
fan wheat, 5.5 p.c. for spring wheat;
8.3 pc. for gall wheat; 7.6 p.c. for
rye; 3.7 p. c. for barley and 3.6 p.c. for
oats. Not since the present Canadian
crop reporting system was instituted
in 1908 have the grain crops at the
end of June preGented so favorable an
,appearance, and this fact, • coupled
with the large increases in the areas
sown causes the outlook to be highly
promising,
Numbers of Farm Live Stock.—It is
estimated from the report of corres-
Pondents that the numbers of farm
live stock in Canada at June 30, were
as follows: Horses 2,996,099; mulch
cows, 2,666,846; other cattle 3,399,155;
ali eattle 6,066,001r sheep 2,438,662;
swine, 3,111,900. As 'compared with
1914 these figures represent increases
of 48,261 horses, 26,624 other cattle,and
29,184 all cattle, but decreases of 6,-
440 milch cows, 19,383 sheep and 322,-
861 swine.
*
PANAMA HATS.
How the Colombians Make the
Costly Headgear.
The Panama hat, industry Is con-
stantly growing, and • the inhabitants
et that country are becoming anxious
to protect their expanding industry.
Toquilla straw, from which Panama
hats are made, is obtained from five
or six species; of the palm. The most
important of these is known as Car-
ludovica palmate and grows in the
warm, moist regions a the Pacific
coast ot Columbia and Bquador, and
also in the forests of Peru along the
headwaters of the Amazon. This
Pahn attains a height of eix to ten
feet. The leaves 6,re fan shaped.
quilla 'straw is exported to the United
States and other countries where the
hats are made by machineay.
The way Panama hats are made in
Columbia is interesting, When the
palm is about five feet high the most
tender leaves are cut and the veins
taken out, sebnietged in boiling wet-
ter several time,s and placed in the
run to dry and whiten. Further to
whiten the straw lime juice is added
to the boiling water. Thee the
straw is moistened to make it flex-
ible and split with the finger nail into
strips of the required width..A bunch
of the straw is tied in the middle and
placed in the centre of a wooden
nueuld. The fibres are plaeed in equi-
distant aire and weaving is began in
L.1 N1
ean,:teih
.144 VE/1.161
141 al 'GO
t !sant ri eT
Vents ROME: Toi,V 4
•
PRIBINATION COMM 1° HEATER
The moat efficient and conotrilcal Steve made.
Will burn teal, wood, cc. c, teen ebbe or anything
burn:talc.
Fitted with Duplex drate, Hot Blast Tube and
Sceow Dampers,
Will held fire over night. Cook, bell and bake equal
to tho largest range.
Has a fine oven of heavy ettel sheets closely float.
ed together. ROdy of polished steel.
yew- dreier hes not a sample for your Insped.
Con. Sz.nd direct to
V.Mv1ILT04 STOVE E6 HEA:TER 00i, LIMITED
SU.C.,,n:6510:6 te• HAMILTON* oNT.
THE CURKY TILDEN 00.1 Canada's Oldest Steve Makers
CHERRY JELLY
From a recipe of Charles Fran-
catelli, Chief Cook to Queen
Victoria. Published in 186.5.
Clean 2 lbscherries and a
handful of red currants, and
bruise stones and kernels in a
mortar ; place in small pre-
serving pan with I lb. John
RadPath's sugar lode and
pintspring-water '• boil on the
stove -fire about (Ive minuted,
taking care to remove scum kt3
It rises; pour into a beaver
felly -bag and filter In usual way.
Mix Juice with two ounces
clarified isinglass. and pour
into Jan Or mould,
EXTRA
GRANULATED
to preserve its luscious flavor for the winter days to come.
For over half a century Agit has been the favorite sugar in
Canada for preserving and jelly-making—and with good
reason. Because it is absolutely pure and always the same,
you can use it according to your recipes, year after year, with
full confidence in the results,
Fruit put up right, with afgatif Extra. Granul-
ated Sugar, will keep as long as you wish, and
when opened a month or a year hence will
delight you with its freshness and flavor.
"Let sweeten sweeten it."
Get your supply of sugar in Original REDPATH
Packages, and thus be sure of the genuine—
Canada's favorite sugar, at its best.
Put up in 2 and 5 lb. Sealed Cartons and in
10, 20, 50 and 100 lb. Bags. 140
CANADA SUGAR REFINING CO., LIMITED, MONTREAL.
1
: itnn.41V4N4) ...•;f(f
e •1i111
eneet-r-- tett7ni. 7 si
Nig
' 111 t
.1011 On
1.1
20 lbs.
the upper part of the cup anti con-
tinues in circular form until the hat,
is finished, The addition of fiber.:
while weaving the crown is carefully
avoided, and the number of fibers is
increased to make the brim and edge.
The beauty and durability of the hat
depends largely upc,n the degree ot
exactness with which the fibers are
interwoven. Once completed the hat
Is washed in ciean, cold water, a coat
ot gum, is applied, and the hat is fin-
ally polished with dry sulphur.
A Panama hat of the finest quality
is a.n expensive proposition. To
weave it requires from three to six
months with, four or five hours of
work each day. Two inferior hats of
ordinary etraw can be woven in one
day. First quality hats of Toquilla
are sold in the foreign retail markets
at prices varying from $25 to $100
eaoh.
'Phe Panama hat is very generally
liked in this country, both by men
and women. It is expensive 'at the
start, but it is a good Mater and be-
comes quite a substantial friend. It
can be cleaned over and over again.
But the plain American stra.w bat,
cool and light, retains Ito popularity,
and will continue to be worn as the
meet advantageous summer headweer
for men.
THE WILD SWAN.
Their Amazing Speed and Endur-
ance in Flight.
It is impossiele for one who has seen
only the common mute swan floating
about in the artificial lake of eitY
parks to imagine the grandeur of a
flock of the great whistlers in their
wild State. In "Wild Lite and the
Camera,' Mr. .4.. 1.. Dugmore says the
sight is one of the inost impressive in
nature. As the huge birds rise into the
air it seems as if an aerial regatta
were being sailed overhead, the swans,
each with a wing spread of six or
seven feet, moving like yachts under
full sail.
Once theswans are fairly under way
their speed. is amazing, nearly a hun-
dred miles an hour, and that, too, with
no apparent. effort, for the slow wing
motion is very deceiving. Their en-
durance ie as surprising as their speed,
for they are said to travel a thousand
miles without alighting.
The flocks are usually led by an old
and 'experienced swan, and it is said
that as one becomes tire of leading,
or it Might be called aerial trail
breaking, his place is taken by an-
other whose strength is equal to the
task, and so they continue until they
reach their destination, the southern
feeding grounds oS the winter .or the
northern breeding places of the suit, -
mer. Occasionally they stop to rest in
the region of the great lakes. Not
many years ago, while on their way
north, a largo number stopped above
Niagara Falls, and more than a hun-
dred were by some extraordinary nlis-
dtance carried over the falls and killed
in the surging waters.
Whether the swans prepare itt any
special way for their southward jour-
ney is not known, but before starting
north they indulge in the tartans habit
known as "ballasting"—that is to say
they eat great quantities of sand, for
what purpose no ono knows.
In the faraway Arctic Ocean is their
breeding place, and it is believed that
they Inate for life. And with so many
of the water birds,. the sWatis protect
their eggs with a covering of down
scratched from their own breasts, so
that when the birds leave the nest the
two to six large, yellowish eggs are
hidden froin the eyes of possible
thieves and proteeted against any sud-
den ehange ef temperature.
It is many years before the Swans,
are clothed in the feathers of immacu-
late :White -110e that make them finch
eouspicuougi objects of beauty, Not,
Indeede until the fifth year does nil
trace of gray disappear. Their first
festheral are entirely gray. 'Gradually
they lighten, becoming mottled with
white, the neck and head remaining
gray until after tile body Is completely
white.
She—T leagued My finger *Whet), I
tried to Put thee light out. lIe
Well, NI try the old-faiThionea rein-
edy of kitting it and making it well.
She (elenretrely)---I tried to blow it out,
too..—Gottolle,
Sit'aese:
Raspberry Lore
(By Peter 'McArthur.)
The meanest man in Canada nes
been discovered, but I dare not give
you his name or tell you where he
lives, for like all the mean men I
know, he is very reepectable, and
moreover, he is well off, and for that
reason his neighbors look un to him.
It would never do to cast a slur on so
estimable, a citizen, but let ire tell
You what he does, He hires the chin
dren in the neighborhood to piclt
raspberries for him, and it is part of
thcebargain that they must whistle all
the time they are in the berry paten.
As he Is always within hearing lie is
able in this way to make sure that
they do not eat any of the delicious
berries they are picking. Now, what
do you think of a man like that?
wouldn't consider this Man so
mean had it not been that for some
time past I have been trying to de-
termine the origin of the name "Rasp-
berry." The explanation given in the
big dictionaries is perfectly absurd:
"Rasp—with , reference to its rough
outside—looking like a rasp." 'What
nonsense. The appearance of a rasp-
berry might remind one of a cluster
of rubies, but never of a blacksmith's
rasp. But philology, or the science of
words, is a mere matter of guesswork
itt many eases, so I feel quite at lib-
erty to guess at the origin of the
name raspberry myself.
What does a healthy boy do when he
slipcovers that raspberries are ripe?
Anyone can answer that. He comes
rushing toward the house yelling
"Bahl rah! rah! The rahs-berries
are ripe." Rah' an abbreviated cheer,
expressive of joy. Hence rahs-beiTies
Is the berry that makes the small boy
cheer because of the joy he feels. Do
I hear any objection to that? Of
course not. Anyone, can see that that
is the true explanation.. Let the
makers of dictionaries take note.
And now that I am at it I may as
well set the learned philologists right
on another point that has to do with
the raspberry. They seem unable to
decide on the exact origin a the word
"jam" as used in raspberry jam.
Once morel am amazed at their blind-
ness. Also once more I go to the
healthy small boy for my explanation.
What cloes lie say when he ',eta a
chance to steal raspberry Jam? If you
cannot imagine, just use your memory
and recall what you used to say.
"Yum, yum," of course, With this
Starter any learned professor will tell
you than by the application of Grimm's
law, or some similar law, this ecstatic
exclamation in time became changed
to "yam, yam!" Still later it wog
changed to '11111, jam!" and then in
the hurry of our Modern life was ab-
breviated to "jam!" Do I hear may
objection to that? It is all as Main
as Tud. Say, 1 hetre a notion to give
UP farming and go in for philology.
The college profeseors and. dictionary
makers seen1 to lack both lenagina-
tion and knowledge of the sro.all boy.
Now ean`t yell me why I consider
the Man who makes the boys whistle
When plaiting rasi5berr1es the meatiest
Mali in Canada? The berry itself and
its chief product both take their
atones from the lova for them shown
by the sreall bola If you do not bets
live in My derivations just try any
healthy boy with ripe ragmberriee
and raspberry jam and see how ho
will act. If lie doesn't say "Rah" and
"Yurn, yum," he is not a normal boy.
4 I 0
LATIN ECONOMY.
It is Practised There, Not Preach-
ed, Bid is Not Irksome.
Economy, as understood and as
practised by Latin nations, is hoc
liksome. It is a limitation accepted
in good faith, and managed with Sucli
dexterity that, although it may rub
itow and then, it seldom becomes hard.
A year or two ago a writer in the
Atlantic Monthly gave a vivid and
unsympathetic sketch of a French
middle-class household, with its as-
sured comfort, its touch of elegance,
its carefully balanced expenditure. The
picture was as accurate as it was
pleasing. A Frenchwoman takes an
aonest and just pride in making every
penny of heinenoney bring its fair
equivalent; and she knows that her
family keenly appreciates the results
a her excellent management. She
goes to market. The artichokes are big
and green and beautifully fresh. Her
husband likes artichokes. Very well,
then, there must be no salad, and no
cherries. Artichokes represent that
day's extravagance, and the rest of
her marketing deals with necessaries.
It no more occurs to her to buy both
the artichokes and the salad than it
(emirs to her to be sorry for herself
because she cannot do so. Her good
dinner represents heights achieved,
and difficulties overcome. She has
wisdom enough to relish the situation,
says a Youths' Companion writer. Doea
an Alpine climber want to be carried
in a sedan chair? What charm, after
all, encircles the mountain top but the
supreme sense of triumph?
ea. Boston woman, whose, daughter
had lived for two years in Italy,
lamented whimsically that the girl
could 110 longer be permitted to run
the house at home. "She did fairly
well before she went away," sighed
the amused parent; "but now she
asks the cook what has become of the
other half of the onion, and the cook
gets up and goes,"
In Baty, where everything can be
purehased in small quantities, half an
onion looms large on the horizon. If a
customer chances to want one egg, she
buys one egg. No dealer looks askance
at her because slie does het take a
dozen. It she wants a pet of fresh
butter and a tiny flask of °item, she
buys them' for a few cents, and haa
the comfort of knowing that both arfs
Ouperlatively gocal. But no food • le
wasted, and no one considers wasting
as a privilege. You seldom hear
economy preached in France, or Italy,
or Spain; instead it is utilversally
practised.
Bagdad 's Mysterious Scourge.
An uncanny, pernicious pest called the
"date boll" scars the face of every hu-
man born In Bagdad, Children invar-
iably have
thls droa0fui soi'o on thelr
faces. Throughout the middle oast this
mysterious scoursre is known by vat' -
bus names—Buton d'Alep," "Nile sore,"
"Delhi button," etc. Its cause and its
cure are unknown. First a faintred
spot °wears, growing larger and runn-
ing a course often eighteen months long.
White 1nen from foreign lands have
lived years in Arabia, only to have this
boil appear upon their return to civiliza-
tion. where its presence is etnbarrassingt
and hard to explain, Maybe it was
"date boils" that Job had: Once a
British Consul at Aleppo lost almost his
whole 11020 from, one of these bona.
Nearly every Bagdad native you meet
has this "date mark" oit his face—Na-
tional GeOgraphle Magazine.
Explaining Gravitation' S Law.
'If you ask a Scientific man Why a
Stone falls to the ground he will toll
you that he doesn't know, Not long
age he would have replied that it fell
to the grotmd because the earth and
taton4S attract One another. This is
very much the same as ettying that an
uneupported stone Sails to the ground
because, as has been aseertathed
frequent experiments, an unsupported
done fells te the gremed.--Scientifie
AnIerleatie
Iftb Cooking up freed newspaper)—
My dear, have you seen any of these
invisible suits yet? V ife.--/itvisible
isuitel What are you talking about?
Why, heres a New Yoeile flrni Whieh
advertises "Suite Made to order with
or without, matorial.—The Avat.
441 iliet.444444-#) • 440. 44•••••••
POULTRY WORLD
THE 1
LATE -HATCHED CHICKS,
It IS during the heated term, or oe-
:ailed dog days, that the average be-
ginner hew troubles, esPeoially with
the late-hatehed ehicks. The experi-
enced breeder wefl knows the draw-
backs of the heated ,season And avoids
them to a, great extent by hatching
earlier iu the season in order to have
the chicks At an age that they can
better- withstand the heat of saintlier,
Late -batched chicks under careful
treatment °en be made profitable, but
the important essentials that must be
porapliea with Can never be neglected
for a day, One reads of the ,sueceeti
Made with chick e hatched in June and
July, but seldora thinks that to attain
this success the breeder has left but
few of the essentials out, and it is
folly to expect that the average be-
ginner can do as well in Wee first at-
tempt as the experienced baeder,
The average poultry keeper can
have a fair measure of success it the
following is faithfully carried out;
If fertility ha e been geed and chicks
hatched now should be strong, but
like babies, they must have heat,
but not too much. Under the mother
hea chicks can to a certain degree
seek their own heat, especially if tho
place where the hen is confined is
protected from the direct rays of the
sun. But when the brooder is used,
great care must be exercised that the
proper temperature is maintained and
that too much heat is not given, This
is no easy matter during the change-
able month of June, for one night
may be cool and the next warm. A
good heat to maintain is 90 degrees
for the first ten days, but ,plenty of
ventilation should be provided. Fresh
air is essential, Chicks need less
heat now than in tho early spring.
The feed should be good and clean
and care exercised that not too much
Is given, especially for the first ten
days, Milk ih any form is one of
the best feeds for young chicks,
Clean, fresh water, not warm, or hot
due to the vessels remaining in the
sun, is one of the important factors.
Overcrowding is an error indulged in
by not only the beginner, but many
of the more experienced breeders, and
Is more fatal in summer than in the
spring.
The brooder or colony house that
raised successfully in the early spring
65 or 70 chicks should not have more
than 40 or 50 Lice s.hoald be fought.
They are worse in eummer than any
other time of the year.
The essentials for steady growth of
the late -hatched chick are clean quar-
ters, not too much heat, plenty of
fresh air, goodfeed, roomy qUarters
and shade, with pure, cool drinking.
water. This is the only way to in-
sure success in summer chicks.
THE IDEAL POULTRY YARD.
The ideal plan of yarding fowls is
to provide two yards or runs for each
house. Sow one of the yards with
oats or some other equally quick-
' growing crop, and the other with a
mixture of grass and clover, or al-
falfa, if it will grow. Permit the fowls
to run on one yard at a time, so as
to give the other a chance to become
covered with a green crop; ,that is,
when the oats are three or four inch-
es high, turn the fowls in on them,
closing the other yard. When the
grass, clover, etc„ in the other yard
has made a good start, turn the fowls
in on it, and sow the first ,yard to
oats a second time. By following
this plan a constant supply of fresh
green feed is ready for the fowls all
summer, and they willnot have to be
supplied with lawn clippings, cab-
bages, etc., in order to keep them
healthy and to prevent their efforts
to escape to the outside, where plenty
of crisp vegetation tempts them.
A POULTRY ALPHABET.
A utility bird is rarely worth doc-
toring, the axe being an excellent
surgic,a1 instrument to apply to sick
fowls.
Balanced rations supply maximum
of nourishment with minimum of
waste.
Cull closely, for it does not pay to
board idlers.
Do not attempt too much to accom-
plish thoroughly.
Every insect left to mature will de-
crease the profits of the flock.
F -i -l -t -h spells failure.
Good stock is the best foundation,
vbeantitmust be handled with common
se.
Hens are not magicians, so eaonet
Manufacture eggs nnless given the
proper materials.
Indolence and poultry breeding make
a.combination which would bankrupt a.
wealthy fancier.
Just a little observation will prove
that the I -know -it -alis never make
successful poultrymen,
Kindness shown to fowls Pays in
increased egg supply.
Lice multiply rapidly in uncleanly
surroundings.
May chicks, pushed to maturity,
make fall layers to fill in the time
when earlier hatcher birds are rest-
ing.
No mixed flock can give the satis-
faction og a. single breed.
One's ,favorite breed is usually the
best with which to win success.
Pullets should be separate from
cockerels as soon as sex can be dis-
tinguished.
Quickly kill the chicks which are
dwarfed or crippled when hatched.
Resit young birds toward maturity
if you wish lenge profits.
Select breeders early and dispose of
all other Male birds. _
editclaileets's you
feeding, careless methods or one-sid-
Try to waste no feed, either by over -
give your flock regtilar
care, they are not likely to return pro-
fits.
Very feW poultrymen know so inuch
that they eau learn nothing frail the
experience of others.
Watch the flock constantly. It is
the eye Of the owner that gets re-
sults.
Xtilas markets are always good,
but then nothing is too good for
Ci7iroleuttnagires.
the one who sliest take re-
sponsibility for profit or loss.
Zenith itt selling pure breds is found
in judieious advertising and fair treat
-
Meet to advertizers.—Exchange.
SERVED HIS PURPOSE,
(Boston Tratiseript)
"The liquor that Is sop in those cheap
saloons Is awful shift."
"Well, 1 suppose moat of their patrons
ate like the Minima% When some-
ona remonstrated with John for buyitat
a quart of fiery, Cheap Whiskey, he re.
plied: 'WM no drinicep for drinkea,tne
41ringefi for &a:Ikea'
GREATER. BRITAIN
This War Rae Made the Mother-
land mat Indeed.
Gteat Britain has become Greater
Britain indeed, Sikhs and Clourkes
aro fIghtleg ittIslanclers; New Zeak
enders and Australians are fighting
tierruanized Turks ja PgYpt; Cana-
dians have won imperishable renown
itt Belgium; Dutchmen, under inglish
_cedersaro fighting Germatie in South.
Africa* and the Nast aad the West
are again figliting on. the Plains of
Troy. Tho Empire 1e ce.rrylag on posa
en wars at once; on the continent, itt
the Dardanelles, in the Persian Gulf,
in Egypt, iu Egtet Africa, in West At-
ricaa and in the Cameroons.
The great finanehte and ()mineral°
measures to protect the °rattlers, We
of the nation ana to enable England
to assist her alliea have been perfect-
ly shccessful, and the daily life of tria
ipeoplci seems( hardly Affeetedi The
etreeta tit the eity about the bank
and, the Exchanges look as they used.
to look On a half -holiday. The res-
taurants ars only halt filled. The
smart young men have disappeared,
except a, few la bandages. One notices
that gt, good deal of Frimolt iS epoltea,
and a certain number of French and
Belgian uniforms are worn ia the
streets and that is all.
On the other hand, the British navy
has cleared the seas, and has kept
open all tho great trade routes. It
has convoyed armies from the emit,
of the earth, and the German flag is
no longer afloat except upon its
navy, which, after all the swagger
about "The Day," is still skulking at
Kiel, though Itis hardly to be imag-
ined that it will not some day, in con-
Juirstion with the Zepelins and sub-
marines, make, for the very shame,
great adventure of a raid on Engialtd.
What the lhaiear called "the con-
temptible little army" of Sir John
French wee Met Sent over to Flan-
ders. and it was as perfectly equipped,
Its fighting was a revelation, azel the
whole, moral effeet of its presence
was 'worth twice its number. To -day
Britain has about 050,000 men in the
field abroad, exclusive of the Indian
and colontai contingents, all of whom
with all their equipment, were trans-
ported auros.: the Chanel 'with the
loss of but one vessel, and, I believe,
only a dozen lives; and there are up -
Ward of 2,000,000 men still in training
at home—From "Impreesioneof the
English Attitude Toward the War,"
by Frederick W. Whitridge, in the
August Number of Scribner's.
A OUP OF COFFEE. .
It Has No Value as Food, but It
Has a Stimulating Effect.
The infusion a coffee presents prac-
tically very little material that is of
direct nourishing value, says a writer
in the London Tanlet, but by diminish-
ing nervous fatigue, by virtue chiefly
of the caffeine present, it may in-
crease muscular power. It is not
itself a builder of tissue. The use of
coffee after dinner, it is of interest to
note, is justified in a large number.
of cases by the fact of its stimulating
effect upon the vital centres, and it is
said to serve to some extent as an
antidote to alcohol.
It is commonly claimed to remove
drowsiness. As a matter of fact, in
many subjects It produces drowsiness,
but this is usually followed by marked
wakefulnes. The practice of drinking
coffee after a meal for the sake of
the stimulus which is experienced has.
much to be said itt its favor dieteti-
cally.
There is no reason for supposing
that coffee possesses any value as a
food. The berry contains a Quite
important proportion Of fatty sub-
stances (12 per cent. average), but
these are necessarily excluded from
the infusion, as, owing to their insolu-
bility, they remain in the "grounds."
.According to our analysis, the pro-
tein eontents et a cup of coffee are
small, approximating to 1.25 per cent.
of the coffee extraoted. This amount
can have little dietetic significance.
There is also a trifling quantity of
sugar present, besides traces of alco-
hol, which again can possess no im-
portance from a psychological point of
view.
Fascinated by His Model.
The weekly meetieg of the Married
Ladies' Society for, the Better Control
and Guidance of Husbands had just
been called to order by the President.
"Members will 'now tell thsiir trou-
bles, one at a time," said the chair.
A meek looking little woman steed
tip in the far corner Of the rootin
"My husband," she quavered, "Is in
love With his model."
The buzz of gossip suddenly ceased,
and all eyes Were turned upon tne
speaker.
"But your husband is not an artist,"
argued., the president. "He runs an
Iron fottndry, doeen't he?"
"Yes'ni," said the Meek lady, "but
all the same he loves his model. You
see, he a self-made men."—London
Standard.
Only Something.
"It is extravagance to buy such
dress lining, Mrs. Bargains."
"It was real cheap, hubby, dear—
only a dollar something a yard."
"How much is "something?' What
wee the 'Mee?"
"It was $1.98 a yard."—New York
Herald.
DRs, soFtER WHITE1
SPECIALISTS
lic2en.14, Asthnia, Catarrh, Pimples,
Otspopshi, gollepsy, Rheumatism, Skin, Kid.
hay, fileedi Nerve arid Btoddet, Disease*,
ts11 Oti send history for free Advice, Medici*,
furoltited ht tablet form, ileaus-10 KJ& tti 1 p,63.
Ord 2 to 6 p.tn, Sundays -10 mm. i
Oessulisiles torts
OPS. SOPE1?& WHIllt
ES 'hams St., tomato, Oat.
.11114 ?Mt&
ROW LONDON
.GETS REMITS
e4++-1.44-e-eess-e-aleasees-.44-4fe0eaSe
Many and various are the ways la
which Great Britain Is securing men
for her army. The lot .of the youth
-rho bee not donned the khaki le not
itt easy one. Ile is attacked by pretty
sowii and pialu women,. 010 women
and youteg girls, who one luta alt que,e
don him as to why he lies aot joined
the .colors. ills eyesare' availed by
pleadhfg or peremptory poster.; aria
his ears with the droue of the lefe-
pipes or the lilt of the horns ao the
recruiting Donds waren througlt the
streets.
These bands -celleet bow and where
they can. They are to be seen all
over Londoa marching stolidly along,
while little groups of num and beard-
less lads follow them and are finally
piped oft to the recruiting etarons
With never a word spoken. The meld -
be soldier merely falls in aud the ne.-4.
thing he knows he is being examined
and questiouea by army inspectors.
If he passes tae requirements he
speedily becomes a khaki clad Wittier
and buckles down to hard work.
The most interesting feature of tite
new recruiting ,campaign is the num-
ber and variety of the posters. They
ohmage from week to week, almost
front day to day. - About twenty de-
signers and writers are at work upon
them in London alone.
The London ef gay theatrical anil
other advertising posters is a thing of
the past. Almost all the available
tpaee is used for recruiting bills, and
11 these there are large posters for
ernees and small ones for shop wins
lows, and particularly brief ones for
taxis, buses, ana motor vans.
The tersest one is the "Join Now!"
red, white and blue, which adorns
many a cab, but some taxi drivers
prefer the question "When Are You
tieing?" or "What About You?" or
Again the adviee "Rally Round tae
nag," while one driver has "No
Khaki, no Kisses."
. The picture posters are the most
successful in bringing recruits, the
designers say, .and indeed some or
these are really stirring, as tor ex-
ample that fine group by Frank
Brangwyn, which has been so widely
ieproduced—the stalwart Briton sur-
rounded by weeping women and
children.
The Nelson Monument at Trafalgar
Square has its four, lions holding up
four reproductions of the same highly
eoloyed picture, a soldier and a work-
man grasping lianas, while under-
neath is inscribed "Fill Up the Ranks, •
Pile 'Up the Munitions" and above
'We are Both Needed to Serve the
Country,"
A poster much seen is a Gibson-
esque father with a child on each
knee, their faces turned up to his as
they ask, "Father, what did you do in
the great war?" Another variety of
this idea is a Boy Scout making the
same embarrassing Inquiry of a hand-
some but harassed looking gentleman.
There is generally a group gathered
around the picture which shows a
house struck by a bomb and a woman
with a child at her skirts and a babe
Tinhihse:” arms in the foreground and the
query "Men of Britain, Will You Stand
Two pretty women are in the fore-
ground of another poster, while a line
of soldiers can be seen through a win-
dow and a notice underneath reads
"The Women of England Say Got"
A group of marching soldiers is
watched by a crowd and on the in-
scription you read "Join the Ranks,
Don't Stand in the Crowd."
A map showing Calais, Ypres, etc.,
says, "Come Over Here; You're Want-
ed." And the same injunction is used
in connection with the illustration of
a soldier shading his eyes and look-
ing as though for his comrades.
"If the Cap Fits 'Wear It" is written
across a large khaki cap, and "Surely
You Will Fight for King and Come
airy" has a map of England and a
portrait of King George in place ot
ihe words "King and Country." • .
e• A distinct failure ia recruiting pos-
ter art it the one which shows a
large and sulky lion with some cubs
and the declaration that the "Old Lion
Helped by the Young Lions Will
Win." This is badly drawn and col-
ored and without any appeal, yet for
some reason or other it has outstayed
seine of its betters.
A highly tinted portrait. of Lad
Roberts bears underneath the words'
"He Duty; Are You Doing
Yours?" and a pictured group of dif-
ferent types of men ancunces that
"Every Fit Man Should Fight."
The omnibuses which pass recruit-
Ing.stationc have recently admonished
the public to "Follow This Bus to the
Front," and the whole side of a fence
on the Kingsway was covered with
this demand in red, white and blue
lettering: "join. More Men Are Need-
ed 'at Once!" and again "If You Can't
Join the Army Get a Recruit!"
Other spaces display those sen-
tences: "Each Recrait Means Quicker
Peace for England; Join To -day!"
"Halt. Go Into the Army Help the
Boys at the Front" "Fight for Free-
dom with the Strength of 't'ree Men"
"Young.Men Wanted Apply at theeIte-
oruiting Offices." "Brieons„ Your
Country Needs You." "You Think a
Lot of Your Pals at the Front, but
What Do Your Pals Think of Yon?'
and "Will You Not Help Your Come
try in Her Hour of Need?"
The entire third floor of the Carlton
Hotel bears quoknions Itom Englieh
heroes printed in huge letters on
boarding. ()n the Pall Mall side you
read: "England Expects Every Man
This Day to 1)0 His lattity" anti "Ne
Price Can Be Too High When Honor
and Glory Are at Stake," and on the
Ilaylnarket side, "Who Dies While
Pngland 'Awe?" and "Ile Gives Freely
esho Gives First."
Not many people Mop to read the
'Ong quotution front the inquest on the
LUsilania irk.11018, which is plaeed all
ever London to town indignation. It
is too involved and too long, and Lord
Nitehener's letter calling tor more
men mitersfrom the same fault for
recruiting purposes,
A GR5AT MUSICIAN.
(Philadelphia, Ledger)
. Two Lancashire boys wero expatiat.
lug n tho relative merits of their fathors
u
"My father is the greatest musician in
the reset," said one.
"Ohl" the other said. "When My ta-
thtr
starth his music every man stops
said the other, "What
"ITo. blows the 'Whistle for meal,c1 up
et the Min.:"
SOCtietY--4)allte-011, (theta, I'M so
sorely troubled With enritii. Meta—
irie! Why don't you interest yOtirseit
in finding 'Oat how the other half
lives? Societv Damee-Graelees! WhY,
I'm not molting for adivoree.---Chi-
e,ago NOWS.