The Wingham Advance-Times, 1984-02-29, Page 13Ir
eatures and entertainment
Serving over 25,000 homes in Listowel, Win6h.gm, Mount Forest, Milverton, Elmira, Palmerston, Harriston, Brussels, Atwood, Monkton, Millbank, Newton, Clifford, Wallenstein, Drayton, Moorefield and Arthur. Wednesday, February 29, 1 984,
Shorter work week among proposals to Commission
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Nel Smits of Atwood, whose background
includes industrial social work in Holland,
has submitted a brief to the Roy Commis-
sion on Economic Union and Development
Prospects for Canada.
In part, her submission suggests means of
dealing with the mixed blessings of com-
puterization. And her recommendations
include gradual reduction of the work week
from 40 to 20 hours, "or six months of work,
six months off, or whatever version of it".
In an interview, Mrs. Smits said that in
France, the work week has been shortened
to 39 hours with beneficial results.
If work weeks in Canada were reduced by
only 10 pet debt, this would provide
"enormous" relief to the 12 per cent of the
population which is unemployed, she says.
A long, range objective of a 20 -hour work
week, Mrs. Smits states, "is not an
unrealistic goal".
"The process could be slow or fast,'
depending on mental preparedness, in-
vestment climate, market conditions. But
once this trend is in motion nothing will stop
it rn 10 to 20 years the 20 -hour work week
will be here (assuming we are still here)."
NEW INTERESTS •
Mrs. Smits, who came to Canada from
Holland 18 years ago, recalls that when
laborers in Europe worked five and a half
days a week and a five-day week was on the
horizon, "amateur philosophers of all
stripes agonized that people would not know
what to do with themselves. The workers, by
contrast, saw no problem . . they slept in,
went shopping, did the vacuuming, took
excursions, vainted the house . . . many
developed interests they never knew they
had."
With additional hours away from the
workplace, people will have more time not
only for recreation but also for in-
trospection, Mrs. Smits indicated.
"I imagine that many people will use their
freedom to seek a more balanced life.
People will feel a deep need to assert some
control over their lives, to counteract the
impersonal domination of ' machines,
government, multinational companies, big
utilities and experts in high places."
Mrs. Smits believes there will be renewed
interest in co -Operative movements.
"It's not a new idea. R has flourished in
the past and is being revived now: food co-
operatives, Rousing, child care. Because of
the feeling of alienation and powerlessness
that living in a highly technological society
brings, nearly everyone would appreciate
the chance lo belong to a smaller ( co -
THANKED FOR SUBMISSION—Nel Smits of Atwood sent an
eipht-page brief to the Royal Commission on the Economic
Lliiion and Development Prospects for Canada and has been
thanked for her submission. Among Mrs Smits' recommenda-
tions are gradual reduction of the work week, end to the arms
race and reduction of government debt. She says one of the
keys to a brighter future is replacement of confrontation with
co -'operation.
operative) community."
Such groups, she says, could provide "a
sort of safety net, the way extended families
were." •
Mrs. Smits says one example of an ef-
fective co-operative is the Manitoba Indian
Band which converted useless marshland
into a cranberry plantation. Senior citizens'
groups sometimes barter their skills,
helping each other with minor home repairs
and other services. Single parents, she says,
could work out arrangements ,whereby
house accommodation and household ex-
penses were shared and child care and other
, duties exchanged.
Co-operatives, she says, could also be a
source of ,"real satisfaction and self-
expression ..". for artistic purposes, service
work, social action and sports. ' .
EQUALITY
Mrs. Smits predicts that reduction of
working hours could help equalize op-
portunities and pay for wotneo. If well-paid
men are working fewer hours, women may
have additional chances to share traditional
male responsibilities and remuneration.
And if a 20 -hour work week is considered a
full-time job, social premiums, such as
pensions will have to be adjusted.
"Women will generally be gainfully
employed, have their own business or share
in co-operative or corporate activities,
except for some periods when having and
raising childern is their main occupation.
These periods will be shorter than before, as
husbands are home more. With women
contributing, to the business and
professional world about as substantially as
men: there would be little excuse for paying
them less."
"It 'could even be built in with the
negotiation' process for each four-hour
reduction in the , work week to adjust
women's wagentilthey are on the same
level as men's.
WAGE ADJUSTMENTS
Reduction of working hours would not
necessarily entail proportionate reduction
of wages, according to Mrs. Smits. •
In some instances there could be set-
tlements where workers could keep..the
same par despite putting in fewer hours, Or
there could be employer-employee com-
promises such as a two-hour pay decrease
for a four-hour work reduction.
Mrs. Smits says that in cases where many
work -hours are lost because of introduction
of computers, shares in a company might be
offered as compensationjot lost wages.
by, Ivy Reeve.
She says introduction of computers should
be jointly planned by labor and manage-
ment and that firing people because of com-
puterization -automation should "constitute
wrongful dismissal".
Redistribution of employment and wages,
Mrs. Smits says, means that management,
unions and employees must work together..
And, she states, participation of the young is
a priority.
"It ought to be a rule that graduates from
universities and colleges are offered jobs for
• at least one year. After that they can, take
their chances with everybody else. Shor-
tening the work week would open up places;
choices of a stint in a Third World country
might be attractive even for those already
working in Canada. Apprenticeships and
other training programs are already in
place and could be extended."
Besides reduction of the work week, Mrs.
Smits' brief deals with other social and
economic conditions including en-
vironmental iss'ues, public spending and
government debt, housing, transportation
and health care. And she contends that the
arms race and military expansion are
directing capital, resources and brain power
away from sujipiying our needs to preparing
our demise
NO UTOPIA
"Transition to a society where everyone
has plenty while working less does not come
automatically," Mrs. Smits says.
"Obviously now, instead of Utopia, we have
a big mess on our hands."
"What we need is a different perspec-
tive . . . (and) the full participation of the
maximum number of people. Instead of
everyone trying to grab ' an ever bigger
share ( there must be) new emphasis on
cutting out waste, living on less . . . instead
of confrontation, co-operation."
Mrs. Smits, who has been thinking about
the problem for a long time says she wrote
to the MacDonald Commission because
experts don't sem to have the answer and
some common-sense measures might help.
She was thanked for her submission in a
letter from Commission Secretary Michel
Rochan.
"The questions you raise and the issues
you address are certainly among those to be
studied by the Commission,", the letter
states.
"It is mainly due to ydilr efforts and those
of other Conadiansithat the Commission will
be able to fulfil fts mandate and accomplish
its task."