The Wingham Advance-Times, 1984-09-26, Page 15• A
Warming up to wool
Pair aims to rekindle ancient
What miracle fibre is so versatile it
can be knitted, woven, felted or quilted,
has a very high ratio of warmth to
weight, wears well, is naturally fire -
retardant and is one of the only fabrics
which retains its insulating value even
when wet?
ven more amazing, it can be
duced without high technology or
e sums of capital and does not
ete non-renewable resources.
ou said w r , you're right. And yet
rkabl fibre which clothed our
forefathers ept them snug through
frosty nights has fallen on such hard
times that some farmers have been
known to discard it as a worthless by-
product off their lamb chop operations.
In a wash-and-wear world of nylons,
rayons and the ubiquitous polyesters,
wool, which. demands a certain care
and respect to keep it looking its best,
has been largely displaced from the
wardrobe of the average person —
though it continues ,n hold a place of
honor in the ranks of haute couture.
Yet not everyone has given up on
wool. With the movement back to
nature and back to basics, people are
rediscovering natural fibres and there
is a certain satisfaction in being able to
produce a sweater, quilt or blanket
right from raw material to finished
product. Just try doing that with
polyester.
,WOOL IS WONDERFUL
Among all those who believe wool is
wonderful,, probably no two more
passionate advocates of its virtues can
be found than Louise Marritt and
Harriet Boon of the Wingham area.
Both self-confessed addicts who raise
their own wool from baa to batt, they
have become leaders in a campaign to
make better use of one of Ontario's
under -developed natural resources..
Along the way, they hope, this may
introducesome badly -needed' new
industry and employment to this area.
For a start, they emphasize, there is
nothing the matter with Canadian wool
"P•eople. dealing on international
• markets will tell you Canadian Wool is
• as good as any," Mrs. Marritt reported.
And yet, particularly' in Ontario with
its sizeable meat sheep industry, wool
has come to be looked upon by some
producers as a by-product less valuable
than manure. Mrs. Marritt said she
knows some who have burned the
fleeces at shearing time — or tried to,
for. despite the high grease content of
raw wool it does not burn readily.
There are a couple of reasons for this,
she said. The world market for wool has
been poor, so that producers have been
"almost giving away" .their product at
about 50 cents a pound. Also, because
wool has- been generally regarded as a
• by-product of a meat industry, in many
cases the quality of the fleeces hasbeen
very poor because farmers simply have
not botheredtabout them.
With almost 250,000 sheep in Ontario,
"it seems a little bit strange we can't
produce something out of our ,own
wool," she said, noting that "some
countries in the. world make woof a
worthwhile business."
REVIVING AN INDUSTRY
They have had the idea for some time
there should be a wool industry here in
Western Ontario, Mrs. Boon said, and
recently with the help off a grant from
the Canada Works program they have
been able to start laying what.they hope
may turn out to be the ground-wqrk.
In a five-month project scheduled to
end this fall, they have studied both the
demand for a custom wool -processing
plant in Ontario and what would be
involved in establishing such an in-
dustry. They have gone to craftspeople
and producers with questions about
their requirements and have visited
other processing operations both in
Canada and the United States to learn
about the techniques being used.
At the end off the study, they hope to
determine whether it would be feasible
to start a wool -processing plant —
specifically, a carding operation — in
this area.
Ironically, Mrs. Marritt explained,,
despite all the sheep in Ontario there is
nowhere in the province she can go to
have her fleeces custom -processed and
returned her.
"You can have fleeces custom -
carded in the Maritimes, Alberta, New
York and Michigan, but not in
Ontario."
The minimum amount any mill here
will take is 1,000 pounds, she reported,
which is more than a year's production
from a flock of 200 dual-purpose (meat
and wool) sheep. That rules out all but
the largest producers and also makes it
tough fertile hand -crafter who wants to
• get a few fleeces processed for her own
use. .
"One thousand pounds' of wool will
make you almost 1,000 sweaters," Mrs.
Boon noted.
'A MILL IN EVERY TOWN'
• It was not always so. At one time
there were scouring and carding mills
in communities all over Ontario, but the
• introduction 'of synt etics and what
Mrs. Boon refers to i°the love affair
with the washing m chine" wiped out
these local industries. • .
"I've been really amazed at the de-
cline in the wool industry," Mrs.
Marritt commented. "There used to be
18 mills in Ontario and now there are
„two.
"There used kr be a mill in almost
every town."
However she does see signs the trend
is changing. For one thing,' there is the
.remarkable success enjoyed by some
small custom processing mills in the
northern U.S. and in the Maritimes.
"The Maritimes use all the wool they
produce," she reported, with a
multitude of little mills doing custom
work or buying fleeces and turning out
their own product.
There also is a strong and growing
. interest in hand -crafting — an interest
which could be reinforced by the
development of a local wool -processing
industry.
Currently there is a lot of imported
processed wool coming into the Ontario
market to meet the demand, Mrs.
Marritt noted, but there is a very
definite price advantage to being able
to use the domestic product, "to say
nothing of the satisfaction of using your
own wool."
There are other advantages as well.
"It could produce another type of in-
dustry for an area like ours," which has
"innumerable" skilled wool -crafters,
she declared.
"It is a job opportunity which could
exist and thrive. This sort of thing has
worked in other areas."
It also could be a boon to sheep
producers, who, while they can sell
their fleeces to the Canadian Wool
Growers Co-operative, have few other
local options. This actually is one of the
only areas of the province which
provides any alternative, Mrs. Merritt
noted, since there is Baihton's scouring
mill at Blyth which buys wool.
FROM FLEECE TO ROVINGS
To understand the need for a
processing industry, it is necessary to
know something about the preparation
of wool for crafting. It is not a matter of
simply shearing the sheep �nd then
carting the fleece to the spinning wheel.
Not only would a raw fleece be vir-
tually impossible to spin into yarn, but
its high grease content, not to mention
its burden of dirt, manure, sticks and
burrs, would make for a malodorous
and uncomfortable garment
First the fleece must be washed or
"scoured" to remove the grease and
dirt. Then it is dried, opened out and
"carded", which is machine combing to
align the fibres and make the wool
ready for use.
The end result may be either batts or
"rovings", ready to be quilted or spun
into yarn.
The whole process was developed
during the Industrial Revolution and
has changed little in the intervening
years, Mrs. Marritt explained. The
newest equipment they found during
their travels is still following a design
which is 75 years old.
"No one's developed a better way,"
although she has heard that newer
machines are being developed in New
Zealand and. Japan.
It still reniains a highly labor-
intensive industry, which is o»e-9JJ.-its..
attractions in a job -poor area' • '
Small-scale, hand -operated equip •
-
ment is available for do-it-yourselfers,
but the product is not up to commercial.
standards.
LOOKING FOR INPUT
It will be several weeks yet before the
• project is concluded and . in the
meantime neither . woman.- was
prepared to draw any preliminary
conclusions about their research. They'
havelearned a lot in their travels, Mrs.
Boon said, including such tidbits as the
observationtthat Canadian •motels use
wool blankets and American ones use
synthetics. ' . •
"It's an interesting project and I hope
we .can come to some conclusions that
will be worthwhile," Mrs. Marritt said,
adding they would really like to get
input from anyone with views on the
matter, "either pro or con".
The concept of 'a custom carding mill
is their main concern, she noted, and
they would like to see how people in the
area feel about it:
They can be contacted at Bomar
Custom Wools, RR 1, Wingham NOG.
2W0 or by phoning 335-3861.
a
Sparing aver 24,000 hornets in Listowel, Wingham,
Mountforest, Milverton. fkrias,, Arthur, Drayton,
Harriston, Moorefield, Palmerston, Bloomingdale,
Breslau, iConesto$o,• Elrhira, Heidelberg, Linwood,
Maryhill, St. Clements, St. Jacobs, Virallensteln,
Wellesley and West Montrose.
Wednesday, September 26, 1984
by Henry Hess
CARDING THE FLEECE—Harriet Boon cranks a hand -
operated carding . machine while' in the background
torise Marritt holds a bag of commercially -carded "rov-
- re -y- for - spinnrrg. me _two WIngh4m Area
women, both sheep producers and accomplished wool
handcrafters, are conducting a study to determine
whether there is a need in Ontario for an operation
which could provide custom cardirtg,A�
BIinci Atrican Choir. to tour :Ontario
e •
Their school motto reads: "We
cannot see, but we will conquer" — they
are the children of the Milton Margai
School for the Blind in Sierra Leone,
West Africa. Thirty-five of the school's
students, teachers and graduates
comprise the Christian Blind Mission
African Choir and will be touring
central Canada in September and Oc-
tober.
Twenty-five students ranging bet-
ween the ages of 8 and 18 will be ac-
companied by a .10 member musical
band of granuates and teachers. The
group will be presenting 29 concerts in
25 centres across Ontario.
The tour will be a "Thank you
Canada" celebration for all those who
have supported their school through
Christian Blind Mission International.
It will also serve to inform others of
what can and is being done for the blind
of • the world and how much is yet t� be
accomplished.
There are an estimated 40 million
blind people in the world — about 80 per
cent live in the poorest areas of Asia,
Africa and Latin America. Every hour
some 80 people become blind and of
these. 60 will be under 14 years of age.
For most of these young people life
holds little promise beyond an exis-
tence of begging, exploitation and
ridicule. Ninety per cent of all the
world's blind children do not have the
opportunity to attend school.
For many institutions of learning, the
school motto is an empty phrase, a
fragment of tradition that has long
since lost its significance. For the chil-
dren of Milton Margai School the motto
is both a challenge and an inspiration.
Before they were rescued, many of
these children were the poorest of, the
poor — helpless as they faced life on the
streets, blind and alone.
Founded. 25 years ago by Sam
Campbell, Milton Margai is the only
school for the blind in Sierra Leone — a
Country of 3.5 million people. It is at-
tended by 60'primary students while 30
others are integrated into schools
throughout the nation.
Five graduates are currently en- •
rolled in university and training insti-
tutions and many others are employed
in the general workforce. •These
graduates have been able to avoid the
'traditional fate of the blind. About 80
per cent of all blind adults are unable to
earn their living because they have no .
'vocational training. ,In light of such
statistics, the emphasis for the students
of Milton Margai has been on acquiring
practical, employable skills. The
school's m jor areas of training include
English, ( rking national tongue
f Sierra one) . ndicrafts, carpentry
an '' � • ' ial skil .
Like the studen „ of the school, many
of the staff are also blind. They are a
constant example and encouragement
that life can be conquered despite their
handicap. Sam Campbell is perhaps the
best example of all. Blind since the age
of 12, he has been headmaster of Milton
Margai since .1959. He holds degrees
and diplomas in teaching and admini-
stration of the visually handicapped
from four different countries. He has
been instrumental in establishing
Gambia's first school for the blind and
used the facility to train others to teach
the handicapped. He began a program
in Sierra Leone to integrate blind
students into normal schools, colleges
and universities and formed a place-
ment service to aid graduating
students. He has represented Sierra
Leone at International conferences for
the handicapped on many occasions
and on the recommendation of the
country's government, he received the
Insignia of the.Mos.t Excellent Order of
Member of the British Empire in 1970.
Without -the support of Christian
Blind Mission International, Milton
Margai School for the Blind and many
of the marvellous achievements of Sam
Campbell would not have been possible.
Vital support for this school and 100
others for the blind around the world is
provided byCBMI. Added to this, CBMI
supports 40 schools for the deaf as they
teach children to communicate in sign
language. Last year CBMI missionary
doctors performed simple cataract op-
erations that • gave sight to almost
106,000 blind people. They supplied over
146,000 people with eye glasses and pro-
vided full treatment to more than
173,000 leprosy patients. Approximately
2 million other patientsreceived med-
ical and surgical aid. . These accom-
plishments.have also allowed the CBMI
workers to share the Christian message
with millions. They wish all to know
that it is the love of Christ that is the
motivating force behind their organiza-
tion and work.
CBMI is known as the "Love -in -
Action" ministry bringing practical
and spiritual help through hundreds of
projects with thousands of dedicated
workers around the world. The
Christian Blind Mission African Choir
is an outgrowth of just one of these pro-
jects. These children know they are
fortunate. They are coming to sing and
to tell their story to Canada — "We
cannot see, but we will conquer."
Hear and see this spectacular group.
They will be appearing at: ,Knox Pres-
byterian Church, 142 Ontario St., Strat-
ford,'Ontario on Sunday, Oct. 7 at 11:00
a.m. and at Centennial United Church,
858 Dundas St., London' Ontario, on
Sunday, Oct. 7, at 7:00 p.m.
WOOL ON THE HOOF—Louise Marritt looks on as
some of the woolly Dorsets on her RR 1, Wingham farm
reach for the grass on the other side of the fence.
Dorsets are a dual-purpose sheep. which too often have
been valued more for their meat than their wool, Mrs.
Marritt said, but she and Harriet Boon of RR 2, Bluevale,
another wool enthusiast, are trying to change that by
promoting an awareness of the many uses of locally -
grown wool.
The Christian Blind Mission African Choir will be appearing in Stratford and London on Sunday, October 7.