Exeter Times, 1898-4-21, Page 7THREE OLD RULERS
THE noRy or THREE CROWNED
HEADS OF EUROPE.
oneivvo•vx•
rtalriStOlOttr IX, or peewee Former emcee
learee of lisinovele seed femme onto or
eaxe-Weitaaaleiseuctee-they Are Estee
nephily acerb'', Veen) Fehr SeOre
The three oldest eroiveed beads of
ilueope will celebrate the eightieth a,n-
iversarie$ of their natal days witain
t. very short time. Indeed, two of
itheae celebratiens will °cone daring
the present mottle Xtrag Christian
. of I/Iempark vyill be eigbey yeers
ld on April a and Queen Marie a
allover will be eighty on April 14.
rand Duke Xarl Alexander of Sane-
eimareltisenaeh wiU reeeth the four -
re.. meek Oa June 24. A rare old
trb!
OL tbe three, naturally the most in-
teresting is the Xing of Denmark. Al-
though Denmark in itself is not a
great power among European nations,
the marriages of the E.ing's children
have brouglat that little country into
close touch with the most powerful
,4 kingaores, Queen Louise of Denmark
has been styled the mother-in-law of
tbe greeter bait of Europe. '
• Thre.e sons and three daughters re-
raulbed. from the union of the then
Prince Cluistian, fuurth son of the
Duke of Schleswig-Holstein, to Princeest
Louisa oe Hesse Cassel. The marriage
oocurred on May 20, 1812. There was
then no thought that Prince Chris-
tian might one dee succeed to the
tlu•oale of Denmark, and. for the fiast
ten years of their matried life the
• e, most rigid economies were practised,
in order to make both ends meet, the
P.eince geve drawing lessons incognito
to the families of SOMe of Frankfort's
rich trade,ssnen.
FROM POVERTY TO A. THRONE.
It was in the veins of the Princess
Louisa, that flowed. the royal Danish
blood, through her mother, Princess
Charlotte. of Denmark. On May 8,
1852, the tonfusion into sielich the
auestion of Danish succession had.
lapsed was straightened out by the
protocol of London, and Prince Chris -
ban ,was formally recognized as heir
to his wifen, cousin, King Frederick
VIL of Denmark. Frederick's death.
in 1863e brought the. Prince to the
throne as Christian IX. of Denmark.
And now the royal family a Den-
mark exercises e powerful influenee on
Europe's thrones. Of ate sons, Chris-
tina, heir apparent, to • the throne of"
Denmark, is the busband. of .Princess
Louise, daughter of Charles XV. of
-.„
Sweden. The second son, Xing George
of Greece, is the husband of the Grand
1)tiche..as Olga of Russia, niece of the
late Czar of Russia. The third,
Walderpar, married Princess Marie,
daughter of the Duo de Cbertres, and,
oonsequently, a member of the house
of Orleans, which claims the right to
govern France.
This marriage was not a happy one.
rrhe Princess was proud, haughty and
ambitious. She never forgave Alexan-
der at Russia. for baying forced Prince
Waldemar to withdraw his acceptanee
of the -throne of Bulgaria,, a short time
totem it was offered to the present
occupant, Prince Ferdinand of Coburg.
She had hoped to be a Queen, and was
e bitterly disappointed. fn 1893 she left
her husband and children, and has
since been living in Frazee and Eng-
land.
l'he daaghters of Denmark's King
and. Queen married well. • Alexandra
• is the wife of the Prince a Wales,
Degmar was the wife of the late Czar
of Russia, and Thyrza married the
Duke of Cumberland, claimant to tlie
throne of Hanover and the Duchat of
Beunsiviek, and a man a great *Mee:
KING HAS SIMPLE TASTES.
The Danish Xing and Queen are on-
,excelieiat teems with their royal
children. and grandchildren, and on the.
occasion of family reunions all eeree.,
• • moray is 'thrown to the -winds.
very ranch like any other faanile gath-
ering. Indeed, King Christian is most
simple in his tastes. 'He is not on In-
tellectual giant, although he is a phy-
sical owe Despite his age he is re-
markably well preserved, a fact at-
tributable to his abstemious life.
He is a big, strapping ma, witli a;
broad forehead and kindly eyes looking
out from beneath sha,ggy eyebrows, a
• pa:eminent, nose, a bristling mustache
and side whiskers. There is little of
dignity in his manner, and in Converser
taon he is said to incline toward the
, .
common.place. He may be seen almost
any 'height day strolling through the
streets of Copenhagen, usually ac-
oompanied only by a couple of shaggy!
doge, and attracting no more atten-
tion than if he bad never been inside
the royal palace. •Nobody thinks of
hawing to him in the street, as is o4
austomary mark of , respect to most
;sovereigns.
• The Itiag has no vices. He neither
•drinks nor gambles, a,ncl has always
ilived upon the most simple fare. His
dinner invariably consists of but three
courses -soup, meat and. dessert. Evert
when forced to give a state dinner, be
himself never goes beyond the limit
• observed when he dines en fen:1111e.
ale) title winch the venerable Xing
bears has 0110 peeulier feature which
• saw be truly said to distinguish the
royal family of Denmark from any
• othee, it beirig the hew of Deernarle
'that Christian must be sueeeeded by!
Erederiek and Frederick by Christian,
To attain this end without changing of
names every Danish Prince), xie matter,
whet other names he may reeeive, ale
ways includes Christian and Frederick
etectong them, and therefore every Ringof Denmark has as his official title
• tither Cbrialian or Perederiok, and it
has been thus for 385 years. As to
jaet why this provisioh was adopted,
no two historittris agree,
QTTEEN MARIE 010 HANOVER.
• Of the other two erowned heads whe
eaa) rapidly approaching the age of
eighty, Queen Marie of Ilanover re-
taiee her tale by eourteey, rior 1104
tea beer/ a Peace ul oese, and she ie
Smelt laistehia min ltraitUl old age,
her pemeipality being absorbed u the/
Gereaaa empire.
Princees Alexandrine Maria
WUhel-
miiia, eine former Queers of Hanover,
is a, daughter of Duke josepla of Saxe
Altenbourg and. Amelia, Princess ot
Wurtembetg. She was born April 14(
1818, at Hildborehaueen, and on babe
rear" 18, 1843, was Married. to George,
a pewee royal, who afterward became
George V. of Haat/Yen Ile died june
12, 1878. Queen Merle's father, Duke
joseidis was a brother of Brilest Fre-
deric Paul, heed of the house of Saxe-
Altertbourg and, alildborgheusen.
• Of Grand Duke Karl Alexander of
Sexe-Weitner-Einacti, the thircl of
the venerable trice it may be said that
he is still a boy at tea.rt. Age has
dealt, gently with him, and he is still
active in railitaxy life, sitting his horse
with the graceful as of youth. He
ie a, son of Grand lauke Charles Fre-
deric and Marie Paulowraa, Grand
Duo/lege a Russia, and was born at
Weimar, ,Tune 24, 1818. He succeeded
to the duchy upon the death of his
father in 1853.
The Grand Duke is a Colonel -Gen-
eral of cavalry in tbe Prussian Army,
having rank of Grand :Field, bEtershal.
He is also General of the cavalry di-
vision of the Saxon army, soa,valry Gen-
eral itt tile Russian aeray, and enjoys
the rank 'of Colonetenothief of the
Fifth regiment infantry of Thuringia..
CURED HIM OF LOCKJAW.
A. Fret:mummies Experience with the DU
ease and Mis Complete Recovery,
Camille Juhaux, a Fre.achman, was
discbarged frora as 'bleree, Hospital at
Pittsburg, Penn., on Saturday, haying
been there for ten weeks suffering
from a case of lockjaw. The Feenoh-
mon was found ba a hovel at California,
Penn., lying on the ground, the muse -
les of his back so deaven up that his
body rested on his heels and the back
of hie • head, forming a "wrestler's
luidget." jubaux had only a scalp
wattnd, but the diet from the hovel
floor teed got into it and lockjaw bad
set in.
Two weeks before, a,t a little jolli-
fication among the coal miners, "Big
Frank," a Hungarian:, had thrown a
full keg of ee at jubaux and bit
him on the head with it. The French-
man went to his shanty and neglected
the wound. He wee brought to Pitts-
burg to the Mercy Hospital. The
doetors found it impossible • to break
the "bridge" formed by jubaux's body;
his jaws were clinetted tight and could
not be forced open. His death seemed
tie be only a matter et a few days,but
nevertheless the doctors broke ou,t one
of bis teeth with a cbisel, and into the
hole thus (treated inserted a rubber
.tube, through which milk and...whiskey
%vete administered.
This light food fouad its way into the
FrenehmanSe stomach. Day after day
•and week after week the doctors work-
ed wttb jubaux ; tbe muscles of las legs
and back finally relaxed, later the mus-
cles of his jaw hecarne pliable, and at
last helves ale to take solid. food. He
was discharged on Saturday com-
pletely cured., and physicians who were
watehing the cane ouxiously say Jalbaux
Is the one man oat of 200 who could
have survived such a Beige of the dread
lockjaw.
A TURKISH HERCULES.
v..!•••
Daring Deed of a Tonng officer to Please
Hs commander.
• lithenet Bey, a Turkish offieer who
•served against the Russians in the cam-
paign of 1877-78, was handsome, well-
proportioned and of extraordinary phy-
sical strength. He was not only a Her-
cules, but the beaueieleal of a soldier,
one wiaose railitasy knowledge seemed
instinctive. Doctor Ryan, an Englist
surgeon, Avila° served with Ahmet Bey,
tells in his book, "Under the Red Cres-
cent," the following story of his
strength and daring:
:Abdul Inerim Pasta, the eon -inlander-
. -
en -chief, while inspecting his 'beoops one
morning, casually expressed the wieh
to capture a Servien prisoner from the
Sernapa lines, Ahmet Bey overbearing
the remark, saluted and asked permis-
sion to get the commander a inisoner.
He xeceined it,though Abdul Xerim
wondered at the request. Ahraet
wheeled his charger, dashed spurs in-
to its flanks, and galloped straight far
the feserest Servian outpost.
As he approached, half a dozen rifles
cracked; but Alemet galloped on un-
harmed and marked down one sentry
for his prey. The sentry fired at the
audacious h(arsemen, missed and started
to run. Ahmet swooped on bine like a
hawk upon a cbioken.
,He bent down, grasped the Servian
by the collar, andflung him across the
saddle in front. Then he galloped back
again, bending over his horse's nook
to °scene the bullets, and banded aver
his prisoner to tee Turkish commander
amid the shouts of the soldiers.
SeLP-DIAGNOS/S.
Mee, Jike, meaningly,-1. asked Dr.
Agutipura if whisky- was good far
eolds, and he said no.
Wee jink,s-Well, 1 don't believe I've
got a cold anyhow, It's aornething
else. Did the doestor mention (what
diseases wthisky was good lox
COST Or CAVALRY.
The east of maintaining a cavalry
soldier and horse in the British army
Is about $500 per annum)
eseenneeneesseeneteeneneassessewesnseao
When you take Homes Pills, The big, old-raSh,
toned, sugar-coated pills, which tear you unto
pieces, are not in It with Mode, easy to take
and easy to operate, is true
of Reedit( P12s, which are
Enfe, certain arid sure. S
veto lat
(e in every reepeat.
dreggists, tate a S. Rood ea Coe Leman, Mass
'rhe only leas te take Itetti floodIs Serseparilla
141
SO JOSE SCALE,
EXTENT OF THIS INSECT'S RAVAGE
IN THE STATES.
The Pest, Das Infested TWeitly States
Characteristics and Methothi al the Ri
-- Methods For its Destruction Mast
Persistently tnrrted Out -- Eaczni
Prey Veen 11.
The United States Apiculture!. D
Pertinent has jut issued e bulletin o
ate San Jose Fatale in 1896-07, PrePa
ed by Entomologist L. 0. Howard.
is of armee interest at this tinie in vie
of tin recent edict of the Gennan Go
eentneet the legislation of tbe Cana
fan Parliament, prolebaing the im
1:attrition of living plants, fruits, etc
because of the alleged diecovery of seal
on- Pears shipped from • California.
the light pf what we Mee know, th
bulletin says, our agricultural knee
ledge of the distribution of the scat
in the Best ie the taitumn of 1895 wa
comparatively slight. It was then re
• ported as occurring in twenty State
bet in comparatively few localities i
each, with the eingle exception of Net
Jersey. In 1896-97 aete,a1 field inspec
tion in Virginia, Maryland, Illinois
Ohio, Georgia and several others show
ei that in these States the ineect Wa
nearly as widespread as in New jersee
while twelve States and the District o
Columbia have been aelded to the num
bee containing infested plants. The eon
dition in over thiety States and Ter
ritories are then given, some of th
more important being as follows:
California. In this State the in
sect is or las been generally distribut-
ed. The conditions of climate some
times kill it out, and it often seems to
be destroyed by a fungus disease, but
neglected and improperly sprayed or-
chards exhibit trees in as bad condition
as can be found in any of the orebards
of New jersey or Maeyeand.
Maryland.- More actual damage
seems to have been done, in this State
than in almost any other. The scale
has been treated in sixteen counties.
Illiamis.-The scale was not known
to exist in this State in November, '95,
but Prof. Forbes has found twenty-two
colonies in nineteen different localities
sintated in eleven counties.
Michigan. -This State, not known
to be inlested in 1895, has been found to
have a number of infested localities in
the southern half.
New Jersey.-ln his last bulletin
Prof. Smith States that all efforts tp
exterminate the insect. scale must be
abandoned. In 1895 the seam was wide-
spread and since that time the situa-
tion has not become verceptibly better.
A list of fifty-five fruit and shade trees
and ornamental shrubs affected by the
pest is given. Consiaerable space is
devoted to a discuseson of the remedies
suggested to kill the pest.
THE BUG- AND ITS RAVAGES.
The San Jose scale insect has been
for some time past a very serious cause
of worry to fruit growers. Almost mi-
croscopic in size, the "pernicious
scale," as it is otherwise palled, is at-
tacking the fruit orchards and fruit
patches in nearly a. score of States, and
destroying them as effectually as if the
fruit -producing districts were overrun
by fire. The lauug in question has a
very curious life history. The male,
in its perfect state, is fly like; with two
adage aud Tong feelers; his eyes are
purple end his wings iridescent with
yellow and green. His existence in this
form only lasts a few hours, at the end
of which he dies. The rest of the 25
days of bis lifetime is spent beneath a
waxy scale, formed on the tree -bark
frors asecretion exuded from his body.
It is the same with the female, save
that she never assuxaes wings. When
she is about 35 days old the female
begins to give birth to young ones. The
latter are not produced from eggs, but
are born alive. The baby insect forces
itself out from beneath its mother's
protecting scale and rims about over
the bark of the tree until it finds a
suitable place to 'settle. When the
proper spot is totted, the infant bug in-
serts through the bark its longaristle-
like sucking beak, then it proceeds to
suck. The insect all its life long, is a
b loodsucker. It sucks the blood, or
son, of the plant. When millions -aye,
billions, -of the creatures are attacking
a tree together, the latter must suc-
cumb before long, as aman would do if
he were exposed, bound and helpless, to
the combined assaults of myriads of
mosquatoes. The new born bug is
orange yellow, withaa oval body and
six legs. As soon as it has settled
down to suck, the scale which is to
serve it as a, protective covering begins
to develop. White waxy threads sprang
from all parts of its body, and become
rapidly more numerous and dens( until
within two clays the insect is con -
netted by the characteristic pale,gray-
isli shell.
THE SCALE P
Is formed by the slow melting togeth-
er oil the filaments of wax. _eventually
the males issue from beneath their
scales in the winged form described,
It es estimated that e single female
may have 8,216,000,009 descendants in
ti; single seasonand under ,favorable
conditions a large proportion of this
enormous number will actually sur-
vive, The bugs oecupy- all parts ot the
infestaa plant -trunk, limbs, twigs,
leaves and fruit. One of the chief dif-
ficulties in conneetion with this in-
sect pest has to do with the ways in
ivbieh it is distrileated and (aerie(' to
previously uninfested locaeities. Yourag
fruit trees grown in nurseries and ship-
ped all (alter the coantry are at to
convey it, Being very small individu-
ally, the Scales axe not likely to be
observed anal the ibtestatiora has bee
come very bad., Fruit, too, 18 alit to
be infeeted, and to serve as a meatus
of tranaportation. Left to tlaemselires,
the bugs eennot spread much, The fe.
male is 'mingles's, and, after beeoming
fixed, cannot move. The young ones
are not able to crawl tar. This abomin-
abje. besot is found In Australia,Cbile
and Hawaii. In all likelibood it was
intrOduCed into tee United Stats e front
Chile, It Is said to have reached Caiie
fernie first in 1870, The name bestowed
neon it eeineS from the fact that it first
appeared conepieuouely in the San Jose
VaileY, California, By 1873 it bed be-
come a serious pest in that •eegion,
and from ehat time on it epread rapid-
ly northward and eastward, ro the
East it was first dieeoveriel in 1893, at
Cimrlotteville, Va. Sine then the
Plague bee extended alerminely, and it
is now fatted in many localities ie near-
by tell of the Baster States, Fortuna-
tely, the scale -bug has insect enemies
Which pre'Y upon it-notelaly, a. kind est
beetle. These are being encouraged in
Califortlia, and seem to be redteeing its
numbers there, In Florida, recently has
been discovered a peeutiar fuegue,
wbieb attaeles it as a disease. Washes
of lteroserie and other substances are
=Plaited as desteoyiag agents. But no
measures can be effective unlesa Per-
sistently carried put, and it le believed
that the vest can never be extermin-
ated wholly in badly infested places.
Al3OHT DECLARING
r•••••r...•
HOSTILITIES OFTEN BEOIN
OUT WARNINO.
WAR,
WITH-
ltl Onilelk Times a Declaration tit l'fae Ws
ri Soletutt riteetlon—how It Was ow
Between Femme and fivocalm
Notwitbstending • the feet tie
most people consider e fOrinal deolar
tam of war necessary before aetiv
measures con be taken, it is usuall
the awe in thee go-ahead times tha
no warning whatever ia given.
When Horne was mistress of th
world a declaration of War was
solemn function, attended with s
much ceremony that a sponge colleg
of heralds was always kept in readies
to perfornj it when necessary, In nes
dia,eval times letters of defianee sera
ed to give warning of hostile inten
tions, and /still later heralds were sen
to throw down the gauntlet and mak
a verbal declaration of war.
In such times formal declaration
were necessary to differentiate he
tween the private brawls of a few bar
ons and a national war for which th
conanrunityr was responsible, but at th
present day total concealment as Ion
as possible is he almost 'universe,
rule. The objects of this are usuall
either to anticipate the designs ef Bora
other politer, to avoid the onus of ad
-milting a state of war as long as ins-
sibld, or to gain time by swiftness 0
attack.
THE LATEST INSTANCES'
Of formal aeolaea.tion by herald were
in 1635, when Louis XIII. sent a her-
ald to declare war against Spain, and
in 1657, when Sweden declared war
against Denmark by herald- sent to
a
Copenbagenwhile as late as 1671 war
between England and Holland was de-
clared by solemn proclanaation.
As the most recent eases are those
likely to influence the canduct of na-
tions in the immediate lettere, the wars
of the present century are of the great-
est interest at the present crisis.
In the quarrel *between Russia and
Turkey welch imanediately preceded
tee Crimean War, a formal declaration
14.
4.
a
4.
y,
was issued at Moscow by proclamation
of the Czar, and three days later, after
the Turks were well aware of the state
of affairs, operations were commenced.
In earnest.
In the cases of Britain and France
less consideeatioa wa.s shown; War
was formally declared by Britain on
March 22, 1854, and on' the 31st it was th
proclaimed by the High Sheriff of Lon-
don from e steps -if the Exchange.
But these settelarations were made
merely to justify the step to the peo-
ple and to ask for, their approval and
help. Before that time melee opera-
tions bad commenced by the entry of
the British and French fleets into the
Dardanelles, contrary to treaty; and
the forced retreat of the Russian fleet
to Sebastopol when the allies reached
theBaSea, •
On February 8 the Russian Minis-
ter was withdrawn from London, and
the British and French Ministers from
St. Petersburg. Although such a,
step 'usually precedes war, and is often
regarded as equivalent to a declara-
tion, it only signifies that, all hope at
successful diplomatic negotiation has
been abandoned and that war is likely
to ensue. It does not necessarily im-
ply a state of war, such a state re-
quiring some definite act of hostility.
IN THE OPIUM WAR
Of 1840, ;the Italian wars of 1847 and
1849, the Anglo -Persian war of 1856,
the wars between Austria and France
in 1859, Prussia and Scbleswig-Hol-
stein in 1863, and Brazil and Uruguay
in 1864, various bostile eats were c,oira
mated before way deeneation of war
was made, although in some cases man-
ifestoes were issued to neutral powers.
In the /bistro -Italian war of 1859, the
Austro -Prussian war of 18E6 and the
Russo-Turkieli war of 1877 the deela,ra-
tion and active operations were pra,c-
tically synonymous, in the last men-
tioned case, for example, the Porte
received a copy ot the deelaretiorten
the evening of April 24, the very day
on which 50,000 Russian troops ()tossed
he Roitanattian frontier.
The Most hotebie instanne in the
preeent century of a formal deolara-
ion of war beang made before actual
pera,tions were begun, was that of the
Ti
1 nanetelaruesiee war in 1879. Tn this
ase the declaration was almost forced
s the Pannell, who were the (agrees -
ors, voted. large war credit e an july
5, and on the following day the krencb
V1inietee returned to Paris, A formai
Asti/nation bostile intentions was
,ben sent to Berlin, and laid before
ha Parliament of the North Gertna,n
onfederation on July 20.
On November 12, 1885, 13eitain was
onored by a declar,a,tion of wee from
ding Theebew, of 13urrnabl, but it ivas
needlees formality on the part of his
tesky IVIajesty, for the British troops
•vere already on the way to his capital,
01 the only reply. to bis challenge was
is deposition, wlech immediately en-
ued,
Harry, de you, Nee) your little baby
rother ?" "'Mate) the lime? Es eroulan
al Inane it if I did 1"
4.
11
5.
4.
.1)8.11
11
`
G THE BAYONET,
VISIT TO THE SMALL ARMS FACTORY
AT ENFIELD,
rroceo nt Itlaktug triteue leoroilkents o,r
War-Datt,,ers Ah Its MoltethAethee—Whe
IJiIXcl,s ojIJaieweapons Attnoo as
Ocatify ref rite Use of
A writer in the notndon Deily New,
It an account, of a visit to tile. Paaeield.
Smell Arms Factory, elate; the follow-
ing interesting account of how bay-
enets are made; `
It is a big business, this bayonet mak-
ing. The raw materiel names in the
form of bate a steel, whittle are cut up
into the necessary- lengths tine rolled.,
The strips of steel ere then borne off
to a treanendous press, which stamps
messed for the "tang," and from there
they go to the grinding department of
the factory. Here, La the first place,
a rather lumbering looking "trough -
Lug" machineautoraatically seoers the
exige with emery until the embryo
sword -bayonet will just fit into a
allege or "trough." This ensures that
the metaj is exactly the proper size
and shape.
Next comes the grinding by hand on
the big grindstones, of wlaich there are
thirty in ene long elcy-lighted building,
each weigbing, when new, a couple of
tons, though of course they rapidly
wear away -as well as the grinders em-
ployed at them. These men sit astride
their seats as they would on horseback,
bending towards the wet stones that
whirl round at a speed. oe something
like, 3,5041 times a mieute, when, they
are full size-al:nut two-thirds of a
mile a minute, Woe betide the un-
lucky grinder if there should happen
to be a flaw in the stone. W/airling
round at such a pace the centrifugal
strain upon it is, of course, very great,
and if the stone were not pretty sound
it would fly to pieces -as they are
known to do occasionally in such
places. There has been at least one
occurrence of the kind et Eiafield. Such
a. burst up is as destructive in the
line of motion as a. cannon would he,
and the stones in this building are ar-
ranged so as to minimise the mischief
of such a. mistake. Each is • inspected
every morning before starting work.
It is not the bursting of the stones,
however, that constitutes
UTE GREATEST PERIL
to the workmen here. Men cannot
be, bending over sword -blades that are
being rubbed away in brilliant trails
of sparks all day long, year after year,
without getting aceumulations of Steel
dust into the lungs, and if the tenth
could. be knpina it miglit be found that
the making or the weapons for Europ-
ean armies and navies is ahn:ost as
deadly as the use of them.. It is said,
however, to be partly the men's own
fault.' A good deal of the mischief
might be obviated by the use of mag-
netised respirators; but they won't
wear them, or goggles for the eyes
either. All the work here is done by
the piece, and the men are of opinion
that these proteetors seriously inter-
fere with their earnings, so that, like
a good many more of us, in different
ways, they kill themselves in order
that they may live. Paebably by the
time that we have learned to do with-
out bayonets, we shall also /lave learn-
ed to be content to give a man a fair
living for the best. he can honestly do
without choking himself with steel
dust.
If one takes 1 hand one at these
modern sword -bayonets which have
superseded the old three -cornered
skewers, he will see that it is a flat
bladeeach side of which has a central
ridge between two hollows. These hol-
lows are ground out of the solid steel
by a miestene ribbed all round special-
ly for the purpose, these ribs, or ridges
in the surface ol the stone correspond-
ing to the hollows in the blade. When
the grinding has been carried up to
a certain point the weapon, or the piece
of steel in proceed of becoming the
weapon, is carried to another depart-
ment to• undergo some change in its
composition. Thus far it has been
a. piece of ordinary cast steel. Now
that the thing has beenrolled and
stamped and ground into its general
form it has to be hardened. For this
PurPOse it is put into a sort of baker's
oven -an oven, that is to say that is
divided by a, fire-briek wall into two
parts -one for the fire and the other
for the reception of the steel to be
heated,
The weapons lie in here and get red
hot and then are plunged into a
BATH OF OIL
tvlaioh has a stream or cold water 'run -
hy a powerful revoivieg taxi opetat
ecia through an air ehannel, runflin
elengebeeea-th the bencbes, so teat th
miselnef i peobaely reduced to ct
imum. It is a most interesting place
for a leisurely stroll, full of queer
chinerY ettrieue processes and sug-
gestive illustrations of the power of
• the organization ,of industry,
SPRING SMILES,
Futida-Tbere are people who Make
eleek of religion. Duddy -a. knew, r
is a, had habit.
Rather Indefinite, -Little Girl -M
wants five e,ents' woetb. ot dog -meat,
Rateher --- Bologna or frankfurters,
mies?
It'e a wise thing never to go into
bath after a Meal. Why not? Oh you'd,
hardly find it there.
Proof-a!bu said you loved. me better
time yoax life, Edwin.. Well, did I not
give up the life I west living for you?
Way Ile Looked.-Hajack. - Why are
you coesulting tbe dietiouary 1
thought you knew how to open Toni-
dik-J. do. I am not looking for iefor-
rnaleore but for earroboration.
Not So Rind, -Weary Watkins --
Youse look like a kind lady, miss. Miss
-1 ani. And could you give a poor
atarvin' man a dime? No, I am not
that kind.
Ditsproved.-They say if you( fix your
gaze On ttle back of any persoras neck
you can hypnotize tbtem. Not so. The
other day I tried it on a tandem for
an hour, and the girl didn't work any
For Dyspepsia and Ba
Blood e Humor,5 Man1ey7s
Celery -Nerve Compound L5
unexcelled,
. Kr, oeo. nee, Operators
Jsw flaelbere, (Mt., °.a4* date at
1acb3r6, 1826, writes af golfwers
"./ woa trattWotl for twP year,
wit k 'son and nniteasta Of the
worst eine, Tried several Medi.
eines, but none gave Much relief,
Until I triedManiey Celery-liere0
ComvoundinY aloud was Ina (treat!.
state, hut am happy to oe7
vour medicine cured. gie.t,
Price scents per Box, or 6 for Szso. At
Orugglat.t, Mailed en Receipt of PrIee by
r. maintleel CO., Toronto.
harder. TITB
I could. die for you! he declared. EXETER L6,„
want you ito live for me, Alphonsete TIMES r&
she faltered, He staggered as wider
a blow. The reave of some people! be
Muttered, and fled away, appalled,
I4. seems to me, said the Sultaut, that
these Chinese complications afford e
great opportunity for Turkey. How?
asked :the Graeae Vizier. Why, I think
tails would be a good time for an Ar-
menian massacre.
His Ambition. -To think, said the vis -
tor, that you. wili have to go through,
ife an ex -convict I Well, mini, replied
Claude, to tell. the, truth; just at pres-
ent there ain't nothing Pd like more
to be I
Weary Willy --At 1 lady, dis angel -
nate uv yours is jist like mother used
ter mate. Lady -le it, indeed? Weary
Willy -It's de identical t'ing; det's why
run away from. home and went ter
sea et, de age of six.
A. Likely Place. -Jane (reading)
The wearied sentinel leaned on his gun
and stole a few moments' sleep. Little
Robbie - I know where he stole it
from. Tane-Where Robbie? Robbie -
From hie nee -sack.
jobnny-Mr. Newriek, you and sister
most Rave bad pretty big quarrel.
'Mr. N.- What makes you think so.
Jobnny? johnny-'Cause I heard mam-
ma, say you'd been makin' up to her
for the laet two ar three weeks.
Inforramtion Wanted.-johnity --Do
they have elephants in Asia? Papa -Oh,
yesi Johnny -Do they have circuses in
Asia? Papa -No -o; I think not. Johnnya.v
Well, what's tbe use of hing ele-
phants if they don't have circuses?
Hamilton -I see there is a gooa deal
in the papers east now about Ireland
having bloodlees revolution. Man-
ning -Don't you believe a word of it.
Ireland will suffei.• extermination ra-
ther tban indulge in a revolution o
that kind.
STARTLEDBURGLARS.
TheyMistook the !Igen! th White thr a
Ghost.
Two Paris burglars are now under
the distinct impression that they have
seen a. ghost arrayed. in a winding
sheet. he criminals broke quietly
into a. flat in e house in the Rae Fon-
tanie recently. After having care-
fully put.down their boots in the ante-
clateaber, they stole stealthily into a
bedroora, and were making their way
to awardrobe, when they saw a sight
which caused them. to quake withfear
By the dim illumination given from a
night -light they beheld a pale -sheeted
figure, rise from the, bed. and wave its
arms as in despair.
The burglars were frozen with ter-
ror, anti looked at what they consider-
ed an undoubted and fully accredited
ghost without being stale to stir from
the- spot. They had heard no sounds
in the room, and mime to the conclus
ion tbat it was perfein
etly epty when
they entered. As they quaked the fig-
ure continued to wriggle aliout, still
without speaking, so they resolved to
attempt, to tly. One of them nearly
broke US skull by tumbling downstairs
tang round it to keep down the tem- m his haste to get away from the sup-
Perature. This hardens the steel, but posed supernatural visitant. His
leaves it brittle. It would snap off companion helped him out into the
if rmy atteMpt were made to bend it. street, and they both managed to es-
• ti, has, therefore, to be tempered by cape without any alarm being raised,
plunging it into molten lead. This The supposed ghost was the owner
gives it the necessary elasticity and a the flat, o. woman, who when she
flealexdielibathbttitalovely bine YlXiat13In
i°iTouc, a
tololits sew the burglars could only throw up
real Word blade, blIt only a blade, and
somewhat rough too, and without any
edge. It goes btu* to the grindieg
room now for the finishing touch, to
geUlt; thisr edge, not s
ing"PuTi sufficient
5 1 lg
cfor
pur-
po»es ot war, but euch as may be sately
entxusted to soldiers in piping times
of peace.
When the.grinding is finished it only
remaine to polish the bladeand to
moue t, them with "croesplecese' and
"pommels," "grips" and "ePri age," that
.well convert, the mere blade into a
veritable sword -bayonet and pernait of
its beitig attachedto, tbe rifle. The
poll/shine looks ;IS though it mast be
more aotrimentaa to the health of the
ivorkomn then the- grindihg, becaese it
ie all dry work, whereas the grind -
stomas are run in a, trough of water,
The Imtlishing is done by means of
mull weeders wheels, covered with
bands a 'leather with an emery star -
fan, and every wheel throve off a
trail of (spark() that gives the vest
Doer on which the work is carried on
an almost taticanny eppearalace, There
is e groat amount Of duet given all,
too, but the greater part of it is
mucked fttvay trona tbs w orkrnexas wheel
her hands, being streck temporarily
dumb by terror. She was evert, more
frightened than the burglars, and
fainted away as soon as they had de-
camped. When she recovered con-
sciousness She aroused some of her
neighbors, but it; was too Rae to look
for the housebreakers.
FINGER NAIL CAFES.
It both China and Siam the owners
of long nails weer metal cases over
them to preserve them, made ot gold
or silver, and. jeweled. Vs7,hile long
naila are not regarded as singular in
China, they ea% rarely met with ex -
opt on fanatics and pedantic scholers.
C STOFt
For :infants and Chiaren.
MO 'AO
eigultiatf
ot
144, arena
eth,
OF ANY
NOT DOING THE WORRYING.
conditions Ender Which a Partner Thinici
Ile Ougitt to rut in More Capital.
"I Uwe made a discovery," said Mr,
Billtops. "axid that Le that there is like-
ly to be some one person ha. a house-
hold that does all the worrying. There
may be others thatirst, and. very likely
fret over trifling things, bat the real
worrying over things tha.t have gat to
be done and got to be looked after is
usually all done by one person. The
person that does the worrying in ray
homer) is Mrs. Billtops. The children
a01 myself and all hands lean on her
and expect her to do everything. I
don't know, but I sort of think titat
we expect her tea provide things wheth-
er we thave any money or not, and. she
certainly does seem to make every-
thing come out all right somehow.
"Noev, as a rule, among men, the man
who noes the worrying gets paid for it.
Be is usually the man at the head of
Ian enterprise, ox a concern, or depart-
ment, or whatever it may be, whcs is
!
able- to do the work, and willing to ,
I take the care and responsibility of it.
Those ttndex him may pile their cares
Up 011 him, and he shoulders them -
many a man -easily. There are, thank
goodness, plenty of men that don't shy
a.t re.sponsibility, .
"Ru.t these raen get paid. for witat
they do, and Mrs. Billtops does not,
ualess she °mints my anprecia.tion as
Isomet,hin,g. The children don't realize
wbat she does; they expect it. And as
or me, the silent partner, if I don't
stand Up and take the keocks I think I
'ought et least to put in. more capital. -
i
1
REPLYING FOR PAPA.
'Ah, said Arthur Writely with
gratified smile, I see you have a copy
of my last book on your table.
Zat, says Margie promptly, is ze boot
papa always weeds wiz his eyes s'ut.
; THE ARITHMETIC OF IT.
Mr. Grumps -I don't see how it is
those Mormon women could be content -
,ed with only half a husband.
Mrs. Grumps -A woman with half a
husband has only half as much trou-
ble _as a yeoman with a whole husband
Thai's why. , r
Vaal GIRL'S EXPLANATION.
Nurse Girl -1 lost sight of the claild,
Mum, and—
Mothee-Good gracious! Why didn't
you speak to a policeman?
Nurse Gir1-1 was speaking to arum
all the time, mum.
EXCEI,LaINT MONEY.
Cuetom.er-Yu remember you sold
me this coat yesterday t You said
you would return the money if it
wasn't satisfactory.
Clothing Merchant --But, my dear
sir, it was quite satisfactory; I never •
beta better money thani
that n alt rt)r
life.
QUITE A DITSTAN'OE.
Is there a. long distance telephone
around here? asked tbe stranger.
That's the only kind there is, mis-
ter, answered the native, an' the dis-
tance is jest about four an' a half mile
you don't miss your way. 'lest
keep a-goin.' straight over the hill to
the tbird turn to the right.
AMONG THE DEAF MUTES.
Sister -And your finance) has pretty
hands?
Brother --They speak tor then, -
selves.
CeaeleMsreClaattLX421,,,s
tee foe
815111
sicsatura
Of
CA13 FARES TN PARTS,
fa oft
avety
Paris (-tab fares are to be ()banged to
a system regulated onlr by Woe, the
aoltrae at 1 1.2 francs being abolished.
The first tsvo tnitiatee of a ride will
cast 60 conferees, the secoed end thira
two ritY centimee neer; then follow twe
three-minute spella nt 10 centimes
ea.oh, flo that it twelve -minute MO
costsa itano ; 28 minutes and over will
(net 1 free() 50 wniames. Clocks ha
dealing the time and ptitee will be
placed iii every eab.