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Times Advocate, 1989-11-08, Page 8Page 8 Times -Advocate, November 8, 1989 Lestwe forget World War 1 broke out 75 years ago. It was not, as hoped, the war to end all wars. Another global con- flict erupted 50 years ago. Two more major conflagrations have flared up in Korea and Viet Nam since then. Smaller conflicts love brought violence to Africa and South America, and the fighting in Lebanon seems to have gone on for- ever. War leaves an indelible mark on everyone it touches. It provides the" opportunity for the human spirit to sink to the basest depths, or rise to heights never before thought possible. Survivors recall their experiences with mixed emotions - moments of suffering and despair contrasted with strong ' ` friendships cemented in communal " suffering fering and shared laugh- ter. Here are some of their stories. Feature by Yvonne Reynolds i and Bill McLean From Huron County to world war EXETER - World War 2 plucked Bill MacLean from the quiet rural life of Huron County and took him half -way around the . world, into the midst of some of that war's worst battles. His experiences were the source of terrible nightmares for years afterwards, but also the begin- ning of friendships that are still nurtured! through annual reun- ions. MacLean was one of 1,000 Canadians and 1,800 Americans chosen to serve in the elite First Special Services Force, a com- mando unit used for some of the toughest and most dangerous jobs in the 1939-45 war. The outfit was known to Germans as "The Black Devils". MacLean joined the Royal Ca- nadian Artillery in 1942. His training took him to Cape Bre- ton, "the end of the world". When a call went out for volun- teers for a parachute battalion,. the bored 25 -year-old signed up. In that draft, he was one of 68 chosen from 2,400 across Cana- da. MacLean was sent immedi- ately to Fort Ethan Allen, in Burlington Vermont for training in parachute jumping, unarmed Young commando combat, infiltration, night explo- sives and other skills that would be needed later. • Next stop was Casablanca in troops crossed the Sahara to Oran by mule train, then headed across a sub -filled Mediterrane- an to Naples. Here, bivouacked in the wrecked barracks of a bombed -out Italian village, the soldiers were given further training in mountain -climbing and working in darkness. 'The time had come to put what they had learned into prac- tice. The unit's general offered to retake Mt. Defensia, after British and American troops had n kicked off. "He said he had the men, and ould do it in 24 hQpr$' q .„WI &talk&, While on the MacLean and two fellow sol- diers were designated as medics by the good old military system "You, you and you". MacLean has vivid recollec- tions of one brush with death at this time. He heard a cry for help from behind a rock. As he started out, crawling across bare ground, the menacing black barrel of a machinegun suddenly filled his field of vi- sion. A German soldier was dug in directly ahead. The two men looked each ot.laer in the eye. MacLean kept going, not knowing if the next few sec- onds would be his last. "I guess he respected the red cross on my helmet," ,MacLean speculated. He rescued his buddy, and the man lived. The casualties were heavy. Any wounded could count on an eight-hour trip by stretcher and pulley down the mountain be- fore receiving expert medical at- tention. Morphine was the most used item in the medics' equip- ment. . . • Dysentery and frozen feet added to the misery. Only cold rations were eaten; a flaming can of Sterno would have alert- ed the enemy to their position. The unit took the mountain in six days. "It seemed like 60 years," MacLean commented. The next battles are now part of history.' Mt. Majo. Sante Mario. Cassino. The Anzio beach -head. On one occasion, a house sheltering over a dozen soldiers was hit by armour -piercing shells. "They blew the house to halle- lulia, and we all looked like we'd been at a bean straw thresh- ing, but not one of us was killed," MacLean remarked. The advance bogged down. MacLean spent 99 days in a hole about a meterdeep, and just long enough to lie down in. The Germans were on the mountains, and the Allied soldiers were down in the valley. Years later, MacLean was talking to a man in a waiting room in a London hospital. He discovered that he was talking to a former member of a Panzer division that had been dug in up • • = Fl1"1"" 17 ... pry made," the other informed him. MacLean is sorry he did not get the man's name. Comparing notes would have been interest- ing. The First Special Services Force spearheaded the drive into Rome on June 5, 1944. On the way in, MacLean was hit in the right shoulder by flak from a German tank. Although the wound was "a black bloody mess for a long time", MacLean kept going. He remembers the tumultuous welcome the soldiers received • welcome was warm to another way from the Germans dug in along the Tiber. The first .night, MacLean put his foot through a plate glass window, and turned the build- ing's interior into a temporary first-aid station, He was too busy to notice until daybreak that he had broken into a feed store. Next door was a jewellery store. He amuses himself now by speculating on what souve- nirs he might have picked up if he had chosen the adjacent win- dow. In the confusion, an Allied sol- dier commandeered a motorcy- cle. The driver turned out to be a German soldier who took the Canadian across the river to the German lines. He spentthe rest of the warasaPOW. The commando unit was taken next to Corsica for rigorous am- phibious training and rope scal- ing. The First Special Services Force was the first into southern France. The Allies had invaded Nor- mandy. The recollection of Tou- lon harbour filled with boats of every description is still vivid. MacLean's unit evacuated Mo- naco. He can picture the moun- tain road where Princess Grace had her fatal car accident. The troops walked for weeks and weeks, to the Italian border, where MacLean stood with one foot in France, and the other in Italy. Then it was back fighting down through Italy again. MacLean spent two Christmases there. By this time, only 199 of the original Canadians remained. The rest had been killed or wounded and sent home. MacLean was sent to Scotland January 7, 1945. That July he was told to get his gear together. He was going home. Back in London, Ontario, MacLean was, offered - a Sgt.Major's position until the rest of the troops came home, but he had had enough. He retumed to civilian life in November. Like many others who saw ac- tive service, MacLean had a hard time adjusting. He finally heed- ed an old World War I vet who advised him to "get a job, fight yourself, forget it". MacLean took a decorator's course in London, settled down in Exeter, and has been here ever since. Not A t! /'Pie ^el" '°`fi""'`cars from someone with whom he served. The First Special Ser- vices Force is one of the few units that holds an annual reun- ion. Two years ago the event was held in London. McLean was one of the organizers. Summing up, MacLean says "It is a tremendous experience any young man should have - without the horrors. Now that it's over, I wouldn't have missed it for the world." :k0 SuMvingIf HENSALL - Birmingham na- tive Olive Packham was a care- free 22 -year-old Englishwoman in the summer of '39. Much of , her time was spent at a youth club playing tennis, or skating or watching cricket, or dancing. Rumours of impending war had been circulating for monthe. It all seemed very remote. She didn't take too much notice df what was going on across the channel. A number of German youth living in England were members of the club. Just before war was declared, Olive remembers one giving the Nazi salute as the band played God . Save The King. With England's declaration of war in September, the German youths vanished. "Everything else seemed to disappear too," Olive recalls. Food and clothing rationing were imposed. Each person was allowed one chop a week, and one egg and two ounces of sweets a month. However, "life was still quite tolerable. The second-largest industrial city in Britain -was a likely target of German bombers. A civil de- fence organization was already in place, and Olive had received some training. The horror of war came with brutal suddenness a few months later. The bombing raids over Eng- land had begun. Olive was part of a team work- ing urgently to rescue the inhabi- tants of a house that had been hit. A plane, too small to be a bomber, flew over, flying low. The pilot began strafing the people below. "I looked up, andl could see him clearly. He was such a young man, no older than the Germans who had come to our club," Olive said. Obeying . , her . training, she flung herself down in the gutter at, the side of the road. She felt something wet under her cheek. She raised her head. She had been resting on a child's severed hand. Olive was soon conscripted 4itti the National Fire Service in ed by bombs, and digging through rubble to find survivors. She was driver, or radio opera- tor, or assistant to the men ma- noeuvering ,the gigantic turnta- - ble ladder iat could stretch up 92 feet into the sky. Rows of houses were demol- - ished overnight. The Germans practiced pattern bombing, a• square a night until whole sec-. tions of the city were completely flattened. Thousands died. "I lost so many friends," Olive said. One incident is still vivid. O1iye , _was_ herself partially' bombed building while on a res-• cue mission. A man took advan- tage of the dark night and her: helplessness by attempting to' 1