The Exeter Advocate, 1924-9-18, Page 6*Ns
Address communications to Agronomist, 7s Adelaide St. West, Toronto
SOME SILO AIDS. basket is used, it should be lowered
To save time and annoyance, and to to the bottom of the lug box or 'other
lessen the risk of the undertaking, one receptacle and emptied gently, there
farmer has provided the outside wall
is a certain type of sack with a drop
of his silo with steps made from iron bottom, so that the fruit can be env-
rod and mounted ladder fashion fromi
tied without bruising
the ground to the top, •Step -ladders are especially good for
Directly underneath the dormer' work in small trees and for picking
through which the blow spout of the' from the lower branches of larger
filling machine is inserted at fillings trees. The good type are wide and
time, there is a broad step or seat: flaring at the bottom; narrow at the
upon which the operator stands when' top; and supported with but one prop.
assembling the outfit. In small orchards apples are usually
This idea naturally lends itself to'. packed eight out in the open, but in
any type of silo and is worth bearing! large orchards and the sections where
in mind. the weather is bad,• fruit is often
The writer once saw anotheeekink packed in central houses, tents or
that should be noted here. The silo sheds. The use of packing houses is
was of wooden staves and required increasing. The houses afford shelter
frequent painting. Since no ladder of for a supply of unpacked fruit which
the ordinary length would serve the can be handled during bad weather.
painter's purpose, the owner laid the If there is a packing house there is
track from three old barn doors about also a better opportunity to put in
roof and on sizing ,machinery and other labor -
the top just under the
this mounted the ear wheels from one saving devices.
of the doors. I Two types of grading or, sorting
tand
These were attached to a wide plank i canves ae
s or are
anapronThebedthble
at right angles was also mounted so! of the apron table is slatted, so that
that it would ride against the surface'the trash can fall through, and is in -
of the silo. This plank was also pro -1 clined, 'so, that the fruit as it is graded
vided with a hook with block and ' rolls to the lower end, where it is low -
tackle. When the silo was to be paint- l ered into the barrel by means of an
ed a seat of a wide board of sufficient; apron. While work can be done rather
Iength was attached to the tackle with rapidly with this table, the fruit often
two ropes, the painter seated himself crowd past the sorters faster than
and drew himself upward with the ; they can handle it. .
tackle. This had a lock and he couldThe canvas or burlap table is made
remain at any desired height. Move by stretching the cloth over a rec-
ment about the silo was accomplished : tangular frame. This type of table
by his feet which were encased in is fitted for running the fruit from
the apron into the barrel. The apples
rubber -soled shoes. It will pay the
silo owner to keep these tips in mind. i must be sorted by hand into baskets.
—D. R. H The most common practice in barrel-
ing is to separate the fruit into two
BARRELING APPLES ON TREES.!
standard sizes. The first size includes
apples from two and one-quarter to
If you want to have good apples, be-' two and one-half inches, and the sec-,
gin barreling them while they are still and two and one-half inches or larger.'
on the trees. No amount of good care' The apple grower must get a grad
in barreling will make up for lack of ing machine which has a twig enough'
care in picking, or picking at the capacity to handle his crop, and one •
wrong time: i that can be operated most economical -1
Apples are not ready to be picked ly. Look for one of simule design, not,
when they cling so tightly that spurs requiring too much adjustment and.,
are broken from the trees. Neither is not apt to bruise the fruit. The life'
the color of apples which eventually of a machine, and the various methods;
turn red a reliable index, since the in- of feeding fruit to the machine, should
tensity of the color depends on the be studied carefully. Upon all these'
cloudiness or brightness of the wea- things depend the total daily output
ther. A. good indication of maturity and, consequently, the cost of opera -
is :a ground color which, when the tion. Only small machines can be op-
fruie is ready for picking, should be erated by hand power. Some of the
turning from clear green to a whitish simplest types have a capacity of per
g' et'n or greenish yellow. haps 100 barrels a day. In most cases,
Yellow, green, and russet varieties however, the gasoline engine or elec-
-of apples are generally ready to pick tric motor is preferable.
when they have reached their proper The first step in packing the barrel
size and the stems separate readily is to face the first and perhaps the
from the spurs. In picking apples, the second layer of apples. That is, ar-
stems should be separated from the range the layers 4n circles with stems
spurs either by giving the fruit a down. For facing, only apples of the
slight rotating motion combined with best size and quality should be used,
a sharp upward twist, or by pressing because the trade expects and custom-
with the thumb or forefinger at the arily demands an attractive pack. But;
joint of the stem and spur. i remember that the general quality and
In picking use both sacks and bas- size should conform to the grade in'
kets. The baskets are handy for Bath..' the -rest of the barrel. There are other
ering .fruit near the ground, while the` standard practices in filling barrels,,
sacks can be used for ladder work.' such as "racking," or settling of the;
Some folks thing there is more danger fruit by rocking the partially -filled
of bruising the fruit when sacks are barrel, and "tailing," which means ar-
used. In emptying either basket or j ranging the last layer of apples in
sack, avoid dropping the fruit. If a concentric rings.
POULTRY.
Ordinary culling practices simply
involve looking the birds over at night
when they are on the perches and
eliminating those which are obviously
out of producing condition. It be-
comes, however, a much more serious
problem to attempt to handle every
bird in the flock, make a careful ex-
amination and make a final deter-
mination as to the fitness of the indi-
vidual for future breeding.
Here is a simple practice which will
eliminate the shock to the birds: Con-
fine the birds to the laying house the
night before they are to be culled.
This culling must be done in the day-
time when the birds can be carefully
crate. A good thing for this purpose is
a live -poultry -shipping coop, double
deck height, commonly known as a
turkey coop. Make. -a hole in one end
of this at half the height of the coop,
about eight inches wide and ten or
twelve inches high. Provide it with a
slide door.
Set this coop so that this opening
on the end is directly open to the hen
exit opening in the poultry house.
Scatter a little grain in the coop. Open
the exit door and with a little,
e : en-
eourageent the birds will pass . out
the exit door and enter into the coop.
When a convenient number is thus
confined, the exit door can be closed
and the hens can, be culled and taken
out of the coop through the deer at
the top, one at a time, handled care-
fully, examined in minute detail and a
determination made as to what is to
' bedone with them.
The culls can be cooped up in sees-.
arate coops, ready to go to market,
whereas the good birds can be dropped
into the yard or, if their future .quar-
ters are ready for thenen, they can be
transported and put ' ie. their new
houses..
If tars oration ,is carried on in a
quiet, gentle way, the handling of the
birds at this season will be followed
by no loss in production.
Call on the Surveyor.
The payment of two dollars for a
half day's work of a civil engineer
meant the changing of plans in drain-
age for my neighbor when he wanted
to put in a main tile outlet for his
farm. His . eye told him that the
water should go to the east, which was
in the direction of a river outlet, but
for some reason he consulted an en-
gineer and found that the water could
as well go west and save digging the
trench and buying the tile for a good
many extra rods. The engineer sur-
veyed the whole ditch and left the
depth of cuttings every 100 feet so
there was no trouble to get the tile
in properly. '
examined. Secure a large
catching In my own case I had a drainage
problem and had two outlets that could
be used. One was a fifteen -inch tile
along the border of the farm and the.
other an open ditch at the end of the
place.
My plan, as my eye told me, was to
run a main tile the length of the farm
along one side and drain into it evith
cross ditches. But the surveyor soon
allowed me that I could cross -ditch
right into the fifteen -inch . tile and
save 160 rods of six or eight -inch out-
' let. I had plenty of fall. Besides,
large . the is a better outlet than an
open ditch.
The saving is herd to estimate but
the cost in my case was $1.50.
A good manyy drainage jobs are
jumped into without much previous
thought or planning and ' surveyors
can earn their charges and much more
on many farms. The eye is not a sure
gauge of levels", and natural slopes of
the land do not seezn always to tell
the story. -:Earl Rogers.
The number of eggs consumed per
year on faring averaged 28.8 dozen
per person: The per capita farm con-
sumption of fowls averaged nearly
one fowl per month. The consumption
of eggs and poultry was found to be
the greatest in seasons of lowest
prices:
Miss Annette E. Buck, of Brooklyn, N.Y., is the first woman to ascend to
the summit of Mount Robson, the highest peak of the Canadian Rockies.
She was accompanied by Mrs. Monday, a Canadian.
How to Hang Your Pictures
BY LUCY B. TAYLOR.
Pictures give a room "thought" and for size and shape and then adjusting
add the touches that suggest interest your picture accordingly. For ex -
and life. It is quite possible to decor -I ample, there may be a sofa, a chair,•
ate a room, have it perfectly "correct,", and a table up against the wall. The
and yet have it stupid and uninterest- natur,al thing to do is to hang a fairly
ing. It is the humanness of a room I large picture over the sofa—one that
that gets our interest and makes us I will take the same feeling of length—,
feel at home. land then possibly over each of the
The little picture over the mantel other two objects a smaller picture.
or on the table, the colored print on This repeats the feeling of size and
the bedroom wall, may go a great deal shape that has already been establish -
further than we ever expect in giving ed by the sizes and shapes of the fur-
to that particular room the air' of be- niture, load keeps the essential bar-
ing really "lived in." Whether in mony. That's the whole story. Follow
Home Education
"Tho Chlid'* First School is the Family"- Froab.i:"
Cc ;operate With Nature ---By Ora: A. C1eAnant.
i
"Goodness, taking care of children
means spending"al/ your time •i e eking
somebody do something he doesn't
want to do," exclaimed young Mrs.
Lane as she took Daddy's lettere
opener from the baby and motioned
Billy and Sister'' to continue their task
of picking up blocks and toys.
"Oh, Ihope it is not as bad as that,"
her mother laughed ,comfortably. "In
fact, Ido net renmemleer it in that way
at all."
"But how did you manage, Mother,
when there were six of us to get into
mischief and tease and hurt one • an-
other? It must have been Bedlam all
the time."
"I suppose it was noisy, and I don't
doubt that I was sometimes worried—
and cross. But I have forgotten that
part of it. That is one of the nice
things about growing old—you forget
so" much that is unpleasant.
"But about the children ---1 Iearned
one thing while 1 was taking care of
mine that helped mea lot, and it was
that Mother Nature keeps a firm hand
on all her babies and is quite deter-.
mined they shall grow up to be nor-
mal, healthy human beings., So that
working against Nature is very much
like swimming up -stream, while co-
operating with her makes the care of
children comparatively easy."
'I don't know what you mean," the
daughter confessed.
"Well," explained her mother, "after
watching six of my own 'and many of
my friends' and neighbors' children go
through their childhood, I have decided
that all children pass through certain
stages of development, and during
each stage it is especially easy to
teach them certain things.
"Of course, at first, the baby's at-
tention is chiefly occupied with learn-
ing to manage his hands and feet. We
do not usually interfere with this pro-
cess, though sometimes people urge a
baby to walk too soon, and sometimes
sickness prevents' him. from walking
when lie should.
"Usually the four-year-old has
learned to use his hands and feet, and
his chief delight is in their use. Move-
ment of the arms and legs is what he
wants, and he imitates the motions
his mother makes as she works about
the house, During this period chile
til
dren can be taughthabits oforder d
cleanliness which will stay °with them
all their lives. Though too small to
do actual work, they are pleased to do
little, step -saving tasks for mother, if.
the t»sk is a matter of imitation. This
imitative age is a period of golden
opportunity.
"Right on top of this lovable' age
comes the individualistic age, when,
almost overnight the cid becomes
distressingly selfish. He nts the
best of everything for himself and will
fight to get it. HP events the attention
d.adulation of adults and will try to
gain them by `show-off' antics. He bul-
lies the younger children and teases
the older. He becomes a family' nuis-
ance, and: his discouraged mothev ..
wonders what she has neglected to\ e
for Johnny that he should get so far
beyond control. It is not her fault,
though. Johnny's Mother Nature is "
preparing him tor the battles of ?ife;
she is teaching him to, think and to
act for himself.
"That the process is painful to his
parents and friends does not influence
the old Dame for one instant. She
knows what she is doing. Soon his
selfishness will be controlled by con-
scious self-denial, and Johnny will be-
gin to show real character. His boast-
rul contrariness, which challenges
every spoken statement, will soon be
tempered by reason. ,
"There are many things you can
teach him at this age. He appreci-
ates praise for his individual effort
and will spend tremendous energy to
gain it. He can be taught to take
sponsibility. The irresponsible and
untruthful young people, who are al-
together too numerous to -day, were
not handled rightly at this age. The
child asks innumerable questions, and
your greatest possible mistake is to
dgnore, ridicule or evade these ques-
tions. Give truthful, serious answers,
drawing him out when you suspect
that some troubled thought lies at the
bottom of the questions, and in later
years you will not have to suffer that*
worst of ail hurts, the knowledge that
your child's confidence is beim; pule
posely withheld.
"Besides these there are other—but,
mercy, child, see what time it is! If
I sit here lecturing, James will told
no dinner when he comes home "
color or black and white, it representsthe lines and spaces of your furniture
thoughts that greet us pleasantly and; groups as well as you can, and if they
arouse similar and stimulating ideas I are well spaced the pictures will be
within us. too.
But it doesn't do to pick out pictures Sometimes an odd problem comes in.
carelessly any more than' it does to; There is a table in the corner, a chair
pick out friends carelessly. If they o at the window, and perhaps a bed
are not genuinely good in some res- along the wall. .Then group one, two,
•
pect, it is better to have something or three of the smaller pictures in a
len ish-look'
else that gives a spot of color and ` g lig group over the bed
life; for a poor picture is like a poor and balance the wall with one well
companion—it grows constantly worse chosen with regard to size over the
to us. table. Then your walls will be
The duplication of ways and means pleasing.
in reproducing pictures has done The possibilities are innumerable.
marvelous things in placing at our Choose good pictures, study your wall
disposal the loveliest of reproductions, spaces, and try to maintain a feeling
both in color and black and white. of balance. One could write volumes
There ere now several museums that and say no morel
carry a full line of prints of their Ask the ricultural Re le- 1
paintings. These include landscapes, I9
sea pieces, and subject pictures of sentaiave.
leading artists, as well as some of the In most every section wheat var-
best of the historical pieces. Every ieties show an adaptation to a soil
good and really great piece of modern fertility range: The kinds that do
art owned by a museum is pretty sure best on poor land fail to make so good
to `have its color
or photographic re- a showing on rich land. This is an -
production. And it is pictures such other matter about which agricultural
as these, framed, and hung carefully representative advice would be desir-
able. As a rule the earlier wheats make
in the right places on the wall, that
make a room look right and furnished.
There are also many good color1prints
from the magazines that may be cut
out, mounted, and framed' to give ut-
most: satisfaction.
Hanging the pictures is in itself an
art. Scattered around in hit or miss
fashion, or hung stiffly in rows, they
are not especially pleasing. The true
secret of successful picture -hanging
lies rather in studying your spaces Arthur Capper.
their best showing on the poor lands.
The richer lands with a ,greater
moisture -holding capacity can more
safely carry the later -growing var-
ieties.
We need more men who do not fear
to break new' ground, to blaze new
trails, to lead the people on to a larger
and more satisfactory progress.—
0 see see es es :re eseesasesessea sees. see e
s
Is
FRUIT NOW SHIPPED IN NEW TYPE OF CAR
Thedevelopment of the Niagara Peninsula as a source of fruit for: the
:markets of the Dominion is' becoming' more pronounced, through the co -opera,-
tion of the fruit growers; the dealers and the Express Department of the
Canadian National Railways.For this traffic, the Canadian -National Express has designed an entirely
new style of fruit car which has already given satisfaction. No ice is used
;in these cars, a natural air-cooling method' being used. While this does not
develop as low a temperature as ice refrigeration, the process is more natural,
and as a result, the fruit does not deteriorate as quickly when removed to the
warmer outside atmosphere:
There are thirty of these cars in operation between the Niagara, Penin
-
Fula and points in Onta.rio, Quebec, the Maritime Provinces and the North
Wesit, and they received several tests under the most unfavorable conditions
possible, before they were finally adopted for service.
Stringent Measures to Prevent
Spread of Corn Pest.
On account of the danger of further
distributing the European corn borer,
a pest which is seriously menacing the
corn -growing industry in Ontario,
stringent regulations regarding the
transport of corn from infested to un -
infested areas are being enforced by
the Dominion Minister of Agriculture.
Last year, during the sweet corn
season, the Department inspectors dis-
covered corn on the cob, infested with
the caterpillars of the pest, being car-
ried from the infested areas by motor
Cars. The regulations make it illegal
for tourists and campers to carry corn
from the quarantined areas, because
of the danger of the spread of the
pest in this way.
The regulations provide that corn
may not be moved or shipped by grow-
ers, produce dealers, or others, from
the following area under quarantine:
"Brant County; Bruce County; Duf-
ferin County; the townships of Clarke,
Darlington and Hope in Durham
County; Essex County (including Peel
Island) ; Grey County; Haldimand
County; Halton County; Huron Coun-
ty; Kent County; Lambton County;
Lincoln County; Middlesex County;
Norfolk County; the townships of
Pickering, Whitby East and Whitby,
West in Ontario County; Oxford
County; Peel County; Perth County;
Waterloo County; Welland County;
Wellington County; Wentworth Coun-
ty; .the townships of Etobicoke, Mark-
ham, Scarborough, Vaughan, and
York in York County, and the town-
ship of Brighton in Northumberland
County."
From the counties of Elgin and
Middlesex, which are the most heavily
infested districts in the province, corn
may not be carried even to other
counties in the infested district.
fromExcept from Elgin and Middlesex
counties, corn on the cob may be ship-
ped from the quarantined area to the
Toronto and Hwinilton markets, but
may not be 'chipped north or east-
wards. Violations of the regulation
are punishable by a fine.
Exports of Live Stock and I
Meats.
Our exports o�.. clomrstic live stork
and .meats, according to Dominion
e-Stock ,Branch reports, to (xreat
Britain during the 'first seven months i.
of the year compared with the' same
period in' 1923 were: 40,026 cattle
compared with 34,152; 2,857,200 lbs.! From Weeds to Honey.
of beef compared with 5,108,50C res,;;
62,411,600 lbs. of bacon compared with
57,408,300 lbs., and 3,201,300 , lbs. of;
pork compared with 1,738,700 lbs.
To the United: States during the;
same periods were ,sent: 45,082' attle:
compared with 34,152; 20,708 calves
compared with 13,745; 390 sheep corn -
pared with 3,817;, 7,411,200 lbs, of
beef .compared with 6,923,700 lbs.;
253,300 , lbs. of bacon compared with,
.91,900 lbs.; 818,900 lbs. of pork come'
pared with 412,900 lbs., and 25,600 lbs,
of mutton compared' with 60,800 lbs.
THE CHILDREN'S
HOUR
AT THE CROSSROADS.
"Bee, five, bee four, I wish I had.
some more," sang Willie Woodchuck
as he finished the last sugar cookie
that Old Mother Coon had, given him.
"Me, too," said Johnnie Muskrat,
"I'm still a little hungry, but I'm
tickled that we are on our way home.
I don't think I want to go `sailing on
a log again."
"Mrs. Coon said we would be home
by afternoon;" said Jackie Rabbit,
"but we must walk faster."
"I can't walk- much faster," puffed y
Willie Woodchuck as - he waddled
along the road that Mrs. Coon said
would take then► back to Woodland
and home. Soon they came near the
crossroads where she had said a sign
post would tell them which road to
take to Woodland. As they came to
this postethey were very puzzled. No,
it was not because these three little
Woodland boys could not read, for
they were the best pupils in the Wood-
land school, mischief excepted. But.
a big puff of wind had blown that way.
or someone had hurried around the
corner too fast. The sign post which
was to tell them the way home was
topsy-turvy.
On one board was printed "Stoney-
ville" and on the other "Woodland,"
but they both pointed "hitch -a -cue"
angles toward the blue sky.
"Well, well, well, this is a real mix-
up," said Jackie Rabbit scratching his
head. "We can't follow the sign post'
to Woodland, because it points up to
that big fleecy cloud. What had w'e
best do?"
"I think this road goes to Wood-
land," said Johnnie Muskrat, pointing
to the right.
"I'm sure it is this one," said Jackie
Rabbit, pointing to the one to the left.
Willie Woodchuck said nothing, for
he was getting too tired to botherto
think.
"That's more of a puzzle still," said
Jackie Rabbit.' "Perhaps we had bet-
ter draw cuts. ` We will go with the
one who gets the longest.. cuts."
"Fine," agreed Johnnie and 'Willie. ..
When Willie had caerfully prepared
the draws, Johnnie Muskrat pulled the
longest one, so' off they started down.
the road to the, 'right,: hoping to reach
Woodland before the sun went down.
•
Sweet clover through its dense
smothering effect the second year of
its growth . sickens and discourageee •
weeds, Such rampant fellows as
thistle and 'bindweed become greatly,
weaken ed.
And while the land is becoming en-
riched
n-riched and weeds smothered, an enor-
mous honey crop of highest quality is
produced. Moreaver, leaving bees on
hand to harvest the honey crop helps
g eatly the 'yield' of seed. Bees carry
the pollen from /lowest to flo;reee