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The Exeter Advocate, 1923-11-8, Page 3- - Address communications to Agronomist, 73 Adelaide St, West, Toronto WINTERING BEE S. the population of the world was two very spring beekeeperfind from 1 and one-half times as great as it was 6 to 50 per cent of their coloniesThave in the year 1800. Increases in popu- Es died during the winter, or are very lation demand corresponding increasea weak in the spring. There is no rea- in food supplies. Crop production can son why the winter loss should be be increased by extending the acre higher than 2 or 3 per cent, provided age under cultivation and by obtain the beekeeper will prepare and pack ing higher yields per acre. Of these the bees properly, so says Professor two methods the latter is probably the Erie Millen of the 0, A. C. The first most important at the present time, so step is to make sure every colony has says Dr, C. A. Zavitz of the Ontario a queen. As it is too late to eequeepAgricultural College. now, queenless colonies should be un- I One of the aims of the Field Hus- ited with those having a queen. Place bandry Department of the 0. A. C. a sheet of newspaper on top of a has been to bring abeut increased acre •sta•ong queen right colony, and place yields of high quality on the indie the broodchamber of the queenless'vidual ferries. With this object in colony on top. Leave them for a view over 2,500 varieties of farm week and then shake the bees Into crops obtained from different parts of the, lower broodcha.mber and remove the world have been'grown under test the upper broodcha.mber. It is taken' and their ' ada.ptabilities for Ontario for granted that no Ainerican foid-' conditions carefully studied. Prom brood exists in the apiary. Otherwise, some of the varieties of greatest mer - colonies should e not be United,. fait it improved strains and varieties have rather destroy the queenless colonies been obtained through careful selec- and combs, if diseased.. I tions from large nurseries, planted by The next step is to see that each. hand, with thousand's of selected seeds. ,colony has sufficient bees to 'cover at. As a last resort, controlled cross - :least three frames on both sides, if, fertilization has been used to origin - examined on a cold morning when the ate new varieties superior to those ob- bees are clustered. This will insure tained through selection from the var- enough bees to come through the win...! ieties of highest record. For some time ter, provided the stores and protection' past we have grown and examined are adequate. A very important face1 annually an average of about 50,000 tor of -wintering is the ' question of hybrid plants of farm crops. The food. Many beekeepers give every; plant improvement work has included colony ten or fifteen pounds of sugar grain, forage, root and tuber crepe. syrup made in the proportioii e 2% • The ..vfirieties of highest merit ob- of sugar to one of water and fed in an tainable by plant breeding at the Col - inverted feeder oventhe brood frames. Jege are distributed to the farmers for This is done in many cases regardless co-operative experiments on their own oe the amount of stores the colony has. fanns• If they prove worthy under Every colony should lia'vs at least 45 the local conditions they are eobn pounds of food to ensure successful creased by the experhnenteri them - wintering And an ,opportemity., t in.: selves. at ne additional cost for seed. crease in Strength in the spring. The surplus is often sold to neighbors Bees should be kept in a naturally, and to others to mutual advantage. pretected place for winter, or a board, Through this process the acre yields fence should be erected around the of several of the farm crops of On - apiary to form a wind:protection. Col- tario have been increased consider- ably. These Increases will be even greater as some of the new varieties become better established and as others are introduced. According to the reports of the On - less than eight inches on top. Dry tario Department of Agriculture the leaves, planer shavings or cork chips last twenty-one years' increases in make satisfactory packing material, acre yields of barley, oats and winter If the beekeeper will see that his col_ wheat, in comparison with the two exiles are put away for winter in good condition, the winter loss will be n egligible. The Department of Apiculture, On- tario Agricrialtural College, will be very glad to answer any enquiries re- garding the care of the apiary. omes may .be packed singly, two in a e • ease, far in a case; or in any other , way. desired by the beekeeper. Three or feur inches of packing should be placed all around the colony, and not AUTUMN FEEDS WHICH PRO- DUCE UNDESIRABLE FLAVORS IN MILK. One of the worst weeds for produc- ing bad flavors in milk during the autumn season is ragweed, so says Professor H. H. Dean of the Ontario Agricultural College. This give a peculiar pungent odor to milk which is very objectionable for both cheese and buttermaking. For condensing, powdering, and for city milk and cream trade such rnilk would be re- jected and returned to the farmer. I know of a case where a cheese- HOGS maker was obliged to leave the fac- "It used to puzzle me to: make tory because the cheese was rejected spring pigs take enough • ekercise, by the cheese buyers on account .of especially when the weather was cold bad flavor. On investiation It was and rainy and the lots were muddy found that ragweed grew on many and not fit for them to run in," says patrons! farms nearlyashigh as the Frank Carsons, a practical youieg fences; When pastures are short, as farmer, "but I've found out how to they frequently .are he September and, do it. October, the cattle eat the weed, This I "I turn the sows outside to feed • 'taints the milk and causes no end of thern three time a day, and shut them trouble for both oheeeeeand butter -I seva.y from the pigs for an hour or makers. The remedy, ,of course, is to more at each feeding time. It's not rid the farms of this noxious weed, oe, long before the pigs get 'hungry, and . else prevent the cows from pasturing begin squealing. The old sows answer in fields where the ragweed grows. I them from the outside. The pigs get Sonietimes very rank clover will; more vociferous than ever, the old give a taint to the milk. The remedy; :low more insistent on getting in to Is to turn the cows into a fresh clover •her pigs. Soon both pigs and SOWS field for but a short time each day' are walking back and forth, the pigs until the cows grow accustomed to fairly tumbling over each other." the clover and the persons buying or I Last spring Mr. Carsons kept his using the milk become adjusted to the, sews and pigs in the farrowing guar - change in flavor. I ters for four weks, before turning Arnong crops grown for feeding them out, yet I've not found a bt of purposes, one of the worst flavored is spring pigs more thrifty and growthy turnip tops. As soon as the turnip, than his. He had seventy-five. husky crop is harvested some farmers turn fellows from nine sows, better than their cattle Into the turnip field to eight to the sow,•When I was on his clean up the tops, srnall turnips, etcfarm in middle May, This practice is sure to result in bad- "This keeps the tender pigs out of flavored milk and cream. Most cieam- the muddy, filthy lots around the hog • . eiy men warn their patrons against house," said Carsons.' "I cleaned and . • is, as it has been found impossible disinfected the farrowing quarters , to prevent turnip -tainted butter before I put the sows in1 cleaned where much cream comes from farms the concrete floor on the outside in the where "cows break into the turnip same way." field uniumwn to the owner." previous decades, amounted to 249,- 750,411 bushels, which valued at aver- age market prices reached a total of $161,049,877.71. This is over thirty times as much as the net expenditure of the Ontario Agricultural College from its commencement in 1874 to the present time. It might be noted that these in- creasein yield per acre have been made in spite of a natural. tendency towards a decrease acre yield in a comparatively new country where commercial fertilizers are not .used generally with farm crops. 'Undoubtedly, the general use of these high ,yleeding new varieties of good quality -Age t een the greatest factor in- bringing about these sub- stantial inerases in acre yields throughout 'Ontario. • Ra.pe is nearly as .bad. as turnip I tops. In beef•raising sections, where • DAIRY. rape is largely grown for fattening! , Daieynieri always have a few heif, cattle and Sheep, the cows, if allowed ers enining fresh in the fall, and to into the rape: field, are almost sure feed them so they will develop into to give tainted inii,k. If the farmer profitable cows is a Yital matter -es the is nelieg 'the:milk'.and cream at home future improvement of the herd rests and likes the turnip or rape flavor, all gItt; bat to sell this raw material for with the young seock. ri: 1,. Heifers that freehen on pasture inanufecturing purposes will spoil 'generally get along all might up to the cheese and butter. We cannot be frasheiting time, .bUt,iis soon as they too careful with the autumn fOode for freahop I' like te hate them where I • dairy cows. Prices are usually 'good can give' them spe61atattention I take . and we must .produce milk of good the calf away just as 'soon as pos- flavor. sible. If the weather is cold I keep • the heifer in the stable -for "a few "LET'S KEEP DLIT OF THE RAIN, CHILDREN" —From the Sunday Chronicle, with the herd. They also become ac- customed to eating green fodder along with the herd. • A newly freshened heifer is very likely to eat heartily of •all kind of fpod, especially grin, that is put be- fore her, and right 'here is where the danger lieso The feeder must exercise good judgment right from the start, I want to know just how much grain I em feeding in a ration. Overfeeding is dangerous. Variety in a ration is very essential in feeding a newly freshened heifer. Her appetite may be good for a few days following freshening, but is very • easily upset. I to add . • I more bran to the ration than 1 do fpr older cows. I have always had good success in compounding a ration for !feeding neeely freshened heifers, from (Ate, barley and corn ground with an equal amount, by weight, of wheat ibran: , The roughage ration should be as wide in variety as possible. While on pasture during the fall it is not quite so important to feed a variety of 'roughage, but as soon as ,the herd is t stabled for the winter I like to begin !feeding a variety. I do not think it , pays to buy roughage in order to furnish this variety. Such roughages as corn silage, bean pods, clover and alfalfa hay, dry corn stover and oat land pea hay are excellent. I find it a wise plan to make the !ration for a newly freshened heifer as 'palatable as possible. It is advisable to eneourage her to eat well, as she is 'Shouldering a double burden. She must sustain her own physical vigor, continue 'to develop herself and give a good flow of milk. To do her best and her duty to herself, she must have the best feed and care.—Leo C. Rey- nolds, Winter Feeding Cattle. Several interesting and valuable experiments have been tried in recent years in the winterfeeding of cattle at the Dominion Experimental Station at Lennoxville, Que. In one experi- xnent two lots of ten steers each were used te ascertain the difference in pro- fit, if any, between light and heavy steers. The light steers averaged 719 •lbs. each and the heavy 886 lbs. per steer when they entered the stable in the fall. The first lot cost 4% cents per pound to purchase in the first in- stance and the eecond lot 5% cents per lb. When taken up, the light steers weighed 983 lbs.' each and the heavy steers 1,169.5 lbs. A. table given in _the Superintendent's report for 1922 shows that, although the lighter steers cost a cent a pound, less when purchased, yet the greater gains made .by the heavier steers, coupled with the extra' priee realized on account of their superior., finish when marketed, THE SUNDAY SCHOOL LESSON NOVEMBER 4 Some Missionary Teachings of the Psalms—Psalm 47: 1-9; 67: 1-7; 100: 1-5. Golden Text—Let the people praise thee, O. God; let all the people praise thee.—Ps. 67: 3. LESsoN sETTiNG—In the 67th Psalm, we see God lifted up as king of the nations while' Israel, as the chosen people of God, occupies a place of pre- eminence. among the nations of ithe world. In the 100th Psalm the nations. are called ever) to tine, glad service of the Lord, lei ,serne .way the nations areetet be sharers in the hleesectness of 'the great day, even if Israel's place in next the throne and drinks first from the cup of joy. These psalms are far from being hymns of hate. The dom- inant theme is not Israel's place hi the sun, but the world's •place In the I. THE WORLD JOINS IN isitethia SONO, PS. 67: 1-3. Vs. 1A3. -God be m'erciftil to is. • The two notes of this Psalm are prayer and tharacfulness. It was evidently intended for some temple festival, such as the Feast -of Tabernacles. There has beep an abundant harvest. The granary is full of wheat and the heart is full of gtatitude. Gratitude is- beautiful, and praise is always comely. But the' singer desires more than the blessing of field, store and basket. He seeks a blessing from God upon his soul. The consciousness of God's loving favor seems to the psalm- ist to be the crown of all blessings. That thy way -may be known upon earth. The psalmist thinks of what may be the larger and wider results of God's goodness to his people. He prays that this goodness of God to lerael, when seen by the nations, may turn their thoughts to God arid to his service. "Thy way" means God's dealing in history. Thy saving health; a beautiful expression for salvation. Salvation is the health of the soul, just as sin is the sickness of the soul. We must keep in mind that religion makes for the normal life of the soul. It is not artificial or abnormal. So a world-wide Christianity will produce the health of nations. Let the peoples praisethee.The psalmist brings a beautiful picture to our mind. The world becomes choral with praise. Israel's note of praise is taken up by the peoples of the earth. They for- get their hates and jealousies in the praise of God. In a world which is ordered aright, noble enthusiasms are as contagious as are evil thoughts in a worldnot ordered aright. Israel cannot sing before God without being overheard of the nations. We cannot wait until all nations simultaneously, and in equal measure, begin to do the right. Some nation must begin to do the right. Others will not . fail to respond. This is the faith of the psalnilst. II. THE WORLD RULED BY ISRAEL'S GOD, 4-7. Vs. 4-7. Thou shalt judge the people righteously. When the nations submit themselves to the government of God, they will find it as Israel found it,— just and equitable. And just as song begets song, so divine equity begets human equity. A sense of the justice; of God in dealing with men is the , foundation of just dealings between man and man, and between nation and nation. The earth yteld her 'increase. The harvest of abundance is regarded as a gift of God, but again the psalm- ist prays for the deeper blessing of God, and sees the ends of the earth gathered -in the worship of God. enabled them to make a gain of 56 per steer over the others. In an experiment to ascertain the difference between early and late grain feeding, eighteen grade Short- horns were divided in the fall as i evenly as possible into three lots of six steers each. They all received forty pounds of ensilage per head and as much hay as they could eat ,up clean. After grain feeding began the en- • silage ration was gradually reduced. Lots No. 1 and 2 were fed meal from November 15 and January 15 onward, respectively, while lot No. 3 received only ensilage and hay until March 1. The meal mixture was made up of ground 'elevator screenings two parts and oats and bran one part each. During the last few weeks of feeding, cornmeal was used in plate of oats. /The steers were stabled the first week in November and marketed about the first of May. The results of two years' trial show that lots Nos. 1 and 2 made a greater average daily gain than lot No. 3, but, as the latter made their gains largely on cheap home- grown feeds, they made a greater profit over cost of feed than the other two lots, the average profit over cost of feed of lot No. 1 being $4.25 per steer, of lot No. 2, $4.26 per steer, and lot No. 3, $8.34 per steer. A third experiment, which has been conducted at Lennoxville Station for several years, is to determine whether steers when dehorned and allowed to run loose in box stalls make as good gains as those tied up in the stable. Two lots of ten steers were used, all being given identical rations. A table covering tour years in the report shows that independent of the savings in labor and equipment, dehorned steers wintered and fattened in large pens made cheaper gains each year. In order to .ascertain whether re- cleaned elevator screenings make a suitable meal ration for winter fatten- ing of beef cattle, two lots of eight steers each were fed the same hay and ensilage ration, but lot No. 1 received a meal ration composed of bran, corn, ground oats and barley, while lot No. 2 received ground screening two parts and bran one part. A table giving the average of two years' results shows that lot No. 2, comprising the steers fed screenings and bran, made slightly the cheapest gains. The Superintend- ent of the Station, Mr. J. A. McClary, remarks that "screenings are a valu- able feed when they can be bought at a reasonable price. Owing to their tendency, however, to vary in quality and weed seed content, they should be bought on a basis of analysis only. Ground screenings are too heavy and pasty for feeding alone, and, there- fore, should be mixed with bran or ground oats to render them more di- gestible." Home Education "The First School Is the Famlly"—Froebel." • • Only One Supervisor at a Time, Please! By Helen Gregg Green Aunt Becky and I were calling at While I was thinking, Aunt Becky the home of e new neighbor recently. was talking. Aunt Becky is neighborhood -aunt "My dear," she was saying, "don't and family counsellor to all of us. She you know that a child should be die - had known the new comer for years, ciplinecl by only one person at a time. vvhile "Patsy" as she called her, had Too many supervisors giving instruc- ben living in a suburb of the citytions is confusing to the young mind. Patsy .hat fouvchildren, the oldest in this way your discipline becomes ten and the youngest three. Patsy's weakened. I should think you would elderly cousin Edith lived with themknow better, Edith Sykes, having We happened to see the children all taught school fifteen years." together, as our little visit was made "Why---er—er, I never thought of applying my pedagogy to my nieces I soon noticed that neither Patsy and nephews," frowned Aunt Edith. nor cousin Edith had any control over the children. , to he conscientioesly striving for dis- . on a day When they everemot in school. • WORTH MILLIONS OF DOLLAR,S1 days. I TO ONTARIO. I practice. Ceeding heifers that are The ceonomic production' of an about to freshen, a light grain ration ndaet supply of food iS one of the few weeks. before ryeshening. This iviiatest problems of mankind. In 1910 encourage's tlieM te,confe','Po the stable I wondered at,this,: as they seemed eiplthe- ••, While I was inwardly studying the situation I found the trouble. Patsy, Jr., was .plainly straying from the way of xight. "Patsy, Jr., Patsy, Jr., stop!" came excitedly from cousin •Edit,b, and "Patsy, dear, don't," ieriplored Pat- sy, Sr. • "I was just telling. Sister that she shouldn't do that," drawled ten-year- old Maybelle. And then I 1-nevil The trouble wets --too crnany. supervisoes. . Na doubt every time' a, child commit - tea a rnisdemeaner,,Atint Edith, Moth- er Patsy, Daddy if bc we.re present, and the other children, took a hand 'in' the cliseipli !ling., • ••ekee e • "Why not? You taught school suc- cessfully. Now help Patsy to raise her children successfully." "Why, Aunt Becky, how do you, a spinster, happen to know so much about children" Patsy smiled. "Oh, Aunt Becky knews more than all the rest of us put together," I of- fered: The next time 1 caned on the inter- esting little faintly, I noticed a de - tided change The children were all better behaved and happier. "Yes, Aunt Becky knows what she's talking about, all right," Aunt Edith admitted: • •- "Indeed the does!" And Patsy 'Sr, turned adoring eyes toward four hap- py children playing in the corner of the long room. 'We'llope she will come often." "And give us lessons!" added Cou- sin Edith, her eyes twinkling. I PLICATION. This psalm may be used ae a prayer AP for -Foreign Missions. Let us see where,jt, begins,—not with Tyre and f jldrusona• ioerar Egypt and Babylon, but at I•God ba merciful unto us. The true 'missionary prayer does not begin like ithe Pharisee who said, "God, I thank •thee, that I am not as other men are," i but takes its rise with the cry of the Publican,—"God be merciful to me a • sinner." There never can be' the For- eign Missionary interest that should I be, until something happens to the IChurch at borne which will make us to feel how far short we come in our- ' , selves and what a wonderful thing f God ean do for us through the gift of ; his son. Us, not the heathen, -0 Lord, forgive. 1 And bless us, The werd "blessing" in the Old Testament is equivalent to Iwelfare, moral and spiritual, with the aecent upon the spzritual. . God be ; znereiful unto us and make us better Imen and women. Another thing which must happen tct the Church at home, ere the missionary interest shall reach flood -tide, is that we shall be over- taken with an over-maftering desire for excellence. And cause thy face to shine 1"0 'twas love; 'twas wondrous love, upon us. the love of God to me,"—the loving - kindness that Moses saw from the cleft of the rock as Jehovah passed by and revealed his glory, the loving - kindness we now see as we look out from the cleft in the rock of ages, unto the perplexing amazement of being. Having begun at home, this prayer now takes wing and goes forth into all the world. 1 That thy way /nay be known upon 'earth. --the way of loving purpose of • God in history. God revealed his presence and his purpose to Israel in order that the whole world might know him.In devoutly praying for this consunimation, the psalmist shows himself to be a man far in advance of his time. And saving health among all na- tions. The world needs not only a revelation, but a redemption. The world, as Lord Robert Cecil puts it, is possessed by he twin demons of fear and hate, and not till these devils are east out of mankind shall we have true poise and power. 1 Let all the people praise thee. The earth and sea and sky show forth the • glory of God. Why not man, the roof and crown of things,—all men for that matter. Once upon a time a certain man thought he was responsible for his neighbors,—only those whose land I touched his. This made his neighbor- ,• hood a small affair until he was told I that he owned his land right down to the centre of the earth, where all lands meet. Then he knew that his neigh- borhood was the whole earth. IGod shall bless us. He will, when we take our Foreign Missions seriously. The light that shines farthest from home shines brightest at home. I All the end of the earth shall fear hipz. Pessimists declare that the world is getting worse, that it never will be any better than it is. That way Hes no hope of progress. This is our faith tremendous • Our high hope who shall scorn That in the faith of Jesus The world shall be reborn. •"?.1.1.11,11••••••vol.....4 THE CHILDREN'S HOUR A FELLOW'S MOTHER. "A fellow's mother," said Fred the wise, With his rosy cheeks and merry eyes, "Knows what. to do if a fellow gets hurt By a bump or a bruise or a fall in the dirt, "A fellow's mother has rags and strings, Bags and buttons and lots of things; No matter how busy she is, Alegi stop To see how well you can spin your top. "She does not care—not much, I mean, If a fellow's face is not quite dean; And if your trousers are torn at the • '• knee, She can put in a patch you'd never see. "A fellows mother is never mad, And only Sorry if you are bad; And I'll tell you this, if you are only true, She'll always forgive you, whatever • you 'do. "A fellow's mean who would never try To keep the tears from her loving eye; And the fellow's worse who sees it not That his mother's the truest friend • he's got!" —Margaret Sangster. HIS FIRST AND LAST SPARROW. • It happened in a small country town one bright spring day. Jim, the widow's boy, had arisen early to go out into the woods that morning. He carried with him the shotgun which he had earned for hintself during the long winter months. He felt proud of. himself as he hurried out into the open air with his gun thrown care. lessly over his shoulder. He was whistling—and thinking. He thought of his chances of earning extra money for himself and possibly for the family. He would buy clothes for his mother and baby sister. Per- haps he would he able to earn enough with the skins to support them all. He had heard and read about men who had done such great things. Many were the hopes of nine-year-old Jim, as he approached the woods of Rocky Hill that spring morning. It was some three hours later when I saw the lad again. I caught a glimpse of him returning home and, anxious to know of his success, I went out to meet hirn. He still carried his gun over his shoulder, but I noticed that he held something in his right hand. Yes! It was a tiny, bleeding sparrow. As Jim came nearer to me, I could also see that he was crying, crying as if his heart would break. I immediately went up to him and asked him what the trouble was. "I've gone and killed him," was his sobbing reply. And in spite of my many questions concerning his shooting and how he happened to kill the sparrow, he would merely say, "Oh, Aunt Edie, I've shot him dead. I've gone and killed the lit- tle sparrow." • That afternoon a tiny burial was held up in the back lot. Jimmy was the minister, the pall -bearer, and the grave -digger. That night a shotgun was placed up in the attic far out of reach—Evelyn Irene Banning. 9 - In handling a goose it should never be held facing you, 03' it will strike hard blows with its wings and scratch with its feet. It should he taken by the neck, and when lifting from the ground the back of the body should be toward the person holding it, and the body partly supported by seizing the first joint of the wing with one hand. In that position it can not strike, and will remain quiet. In the markets of France any part of the fowl can be puichased--legs, wings, heart, liver, etc. In Paris mare kets the eggs are dated, and sold ac- cording to age. There is a fi.:,:ed price for eggs that are strictly fresh, and a reduced price when a few days old. Disapproval of cruelty anion', ts to precious little if it doe.sn't prompt one to stand up and be counted.