The Exeter Advocate, 1923-7-12, Page 6At a'eff
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Address cemtnunicatione to Agronon tst. 7'3• Adeielde St. West. Toronto
SEEDING ALFALFA: .
In experirnents.'conducted at the
Agricultural College at Guelph, it has .
• been found that excellent results have
been obtained froth sowing alfalfa
- alone on a summer fallow in the -
month of July. When sown at that
time on a motet soil, germination is
rapid• and the plants'are enabled to
make a good growth before winter,
There is not apt to be a prolonged
drouth after July.
By this method weeds are unable to
produce seed in autumn and the al-
falfa has an excellent opportunity to
gat well established.
N:tro-Culture Inocu?ationof Alfalfa
.n d --To get the best returns from,
the alfalfa ere') the alfalfa seed.
ehi;u:ct be •inoculated a few hours be-,
fa••.t .>ooing, with the alfalfa nitro
C :Wee. t
When inoculated seed is sown the
he eerie which constitute the culture
etre in position to enter the young
roots of the alfalfa as they develop.
On entering the roots the bacteria
multiply and produce the character-
istic nodules (little swellings) on the
roots. The action of the bacteria '
when growing in the roots is to enable
the plant to utilize the atmospheric
nitrogen as a source of food supply.;
No plants other than the legumes (tae.,
alfalfa,. clovers, peas and beans) can ,
do this, and these plants cannot do it
without the right bacteria being pres-
ent in the roots. Different species of
bacteria are necessary for the differ -i
ent species of legumes.
Inoculation of alfalfa seed often 1
means the difference between a good,'
vigorous, growthy crop and a poor,
spindly' light crop. ;
Alfalfa nitro culture (price 50c)
may be obtained on application to the'
1 act >riologicaI Department of the
Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph.:
Extrect from a letter received from
C. 1.. Worthington, Cornox, B.C.: t
1 .e inoculated portion of my al-
fall,: c:r; p has flourished exceedingly I and i making most luxurious growth,
entirel;.• crowding out the weeds, and j
sho wii-g a splendid color. The un -
mac n:•tted portion has almost entirely:
died r•ut- and the few plants left were
small end very pale. In fact, I have'
now plowed them up.
"I May say that about the time I
owed ;nine a good many neighbors
did the same, but they did not inocu-
late. Their plots this spring, without;
ex.eption, are a pitiful spectacle—i
weeds with a few sickly alfalfa plants
left."
with a pair of small, pruning shears
Made for that purpose. The work can
be:done rapidly and without any in-
jury to the remaining fruit, which is
impossible if the fruit is pulled off by
band. A light ladder such as is used
for picking fruit is satisfactory. It
found that a fairly good lob can be
done in an hour on a tree likely to
produce from eight to ten barrels.
One test made on Gravenstein with
a heavy set of fruit gave results as
follow:
Trees Trees
thinned not thinned
No. 1 70.1 p.c. 42. p.c.
No. 2 23.8 p.c. 38.05 p.c.
No. 3 5.6 p.c. 16.13 p.c.
Culls .5 p.c. 3.22 p.c.
From the above it will be seen that
where the fruit is thinned, there is a
great increase in the percentage of
No. 1 fruit, many of the No, 2 apples
going into that, grade, and that the
No. 3 apples are almost • entirely
eliminated. The fact that the No. 2•'
apples are raised to Nol's accounts
for the small loss in bulk from the
thinning; in some cases no loss is
evident. In the experiment outlined
above the reduction in bulk was only
1.67 per cent, In the Ben Davis thin -1
ning experiments the No. 3 fruit was
reduced by 18 per cent. and the No.
is and No. 2's increased 20 per cent,
over those from similar trees not thin-
ned. In Starks the No, 3's were re-
duced 12 per cent, and the No. 1's and
No. 2's increased 16 per cent. In
Greening's the No. 3's were reduced 10
per cent, and the No. l's and No. 2's
increased 15 per cent.
If thinning were to be generally
practiced much time would be saved
in the handlint. of the crop on the
term and in the packing house, and
any expense attached to the operation
w.:uld be more than offset by this sav-
ing.—Experimental Farm Note.
THINNING APPLES.
The reason for thinning the set of
apples on a tree is to reduce the num-
ber of low grade apples. Inferior
apples may be due to insect or fungus
injury, over -production on a spur re-,
suiting in a lack of size and unifornr-
icy, or faulty pollination. The object •
of thinning therefore is to remove de -1
fective fruits and also some of those
growing in clusters, so that the re-
maining apples will grow larger, of a'
greater uniformity and of a better
color. It is important to have a good
set of fruit, but it is impossible in �
general to expect a tree with a heavy
set of fealt to mature a high percent-;
age of first grade apples. One often
+
notices a heavily laden tree producing
remarkably uniform apples, and this ,
is possible on a very vigorous tree
growing under favorable conditions.
In most cases, however. if the set is!
good. thinning of the fruit is neces-
sary if the No. 3 apples are largely
to be eliminated, as they should be.
There certainly is little if any profit
in inferior fruit, and the expense of
thinning is offset by not having this
fruit to pick and handle.
Thinning is done about the middle
of July in Nova Scotia, or soon after
the drop of ineffectively pollinated
apples has taken place. This drop
very often thins the apples adequately ,
—in some cases too much—making it
unnecessary to remove any but the
deformed or diseased fruits. The
second or third week in July, when
the apples are one-half to three-
quarters of an inch in diameter, is as
late as thinning should be done,a'for
at this time the drop has been conn
plcted and the remaining apples are
beginning to receive the benefit of
this removal. If the set is heavy
the apples should be thinned to only
one in a cluster; or in extreme cases
some clusters might be entirely re-
moved. It is sometimes claimed that
fruits should be at least four inches
apart; some growers say six inches,
and others contend that eight inches
is close enough. Tests made on Ben
Davis trees at Xentville show that
23 per cent. of the apples were re-
moved when the fruit was thinned to
four inches apart, 22 per cent. when
thinned to one fruit to a cluster, and
36 per cent: when thinned to sib; inches
apart.
It is necessary to remove the fruit
THE RAVAGES OF THE POUL-
TRY RED MITE.
Few keepers of poultry realize the
full extent of the injury done by red
mites. With the warmer weather the
mites flourish and multiply until the,
poultry buildings become infested with
these pests, and the harm is done.
The red mite- is the most dangerous
of the external parasites that attack
fowl, and if allowed to spread un-
checked, far worse losses might accrue
than breeders imagine.se
h parasites are most
These injurious
to 'young chicks and brood hens. The
persistent loss of young chicks and the
failure of hens to bring off good hatch -
res are often due to the irritation
:caused by the unsuspected presence of
the red mite. -- -.
The attacks of hoards of mites
' weaken and predispose the fowl to
' many maladies, as well as materially
reducing the yield of eggs.
Some prominent scientists are con-
vinced that the bite of the mite is
• venomous and that even worse dis-
aster might result than merely weak-
ened condition brought about by the
sucking of the blood.
Undoubtedly many cases of disease
and debility occurring in the late
spring, summer and autumn are di-
rectly attributable to these pests;
therefore information that will red-
der easier their recognition and ex-
termination should be of interest at.
,this season.
Many people are unaware of the
presence or appearance of the mite.
They may not visit their poultry
houses at night and the parasite is
nocturnal; it dislikes light. The adult
is seldom found on the fowl in the
day time, but emerges from the de-
xasits of fil+e
Back to Work
Kendall's Spavin Treatment will get that
Lame horse back on the lob again. For
more than forty years as Kendall's: Spavin
Cure it has been removing spavins, sprint
ringbone, thoroughpin and all 'kinds o�
body growths.
Get itat par druggist's iodate • also the, ftea
book "A Treatise an the I/crse and hie
Diseases', or wile direct to
DR. E. J. KEr!DALL COMPANY,
t`nosbtril Falls, Vt., U.S.A.
Kendall'
£I. cyan Treatment
ISSUE No, 27—'23,..:
ave ac-
cumulated in the cracks and crevices
of the house and fittings, and climbs
to his r oosti:ig victim to gorge himself
with blood.
In cold weather the mites are prac-
tically dormant, and are seldom seen,
but the .advent of summer will bring
them forth in their myriads, and un-
less vigorous methods are 'taken to
check their activities, in 'sone cases
the death of the infested fowl will fol-
low, or the whole flock will become
generally anaemic and unproductive.
The presence of the mite may be
readily detected by a close examina-
tion of the roosts and nest boxes. The
practice of running one's hand along
underneath the roosts once a day is
advisable, as some parasites will ad-
hereand can be seen and felt dis-
tinctly.
Immediate extermination is vital,
and steps should be taken at once to
rid the building of all material that
will harbor and protect the mites.. Fit-
tings should be removed, dirt and filth
brushed out with a stiff broom, and
the inside of the building and furni-
ture thoroughly saturated with a pow-
erful germicide by means of a spray
pump or brush.
Some of the coal tar by-products
used as sprays vary in efficiency when
used in economical strength solutions;
but where the mites are evident in
small batches and only in places, these
insecticides may be applied with a
brush in their .full commercial
strength.
A five or ten 'per cent.. solution of
carbolic acid is very effective, but not
without danger as a spray. It can,
however, be recommended if proper
precautions are taken.•
The most economical and effective
preparation is a five to ten. per Meritt
solution of coal oil and soap suds,
which should be applied twice with
an interval of two or three days be-
tween applications:
The brain is the .most variable in
size and quality of all the parts of
the human body.
Does it pay to spray potatoes? Last
year in over 400 demoiestrations well -
sprayed potatoes shoveed' sn increase
of seventy-four bushels' per acre, and
the use of disease-free seed resulted
in an increase of"siety rine bushels
per acre.
THE SIN AY SCHOOL LESSON
JULY. 15
"Simeon Peter—John 1::35-42; Matthew 4: 18=.22; 14: 28-31;
17: 1-13; Luke 5: 1-10;' 22:31-34, 54-62; John 18:
10,11:; 20: 1.10; 21': 1-23; Acts 2: 1-5, 42;.8: 14-25;
9: 32 to 12: 19; 15: 7-11; Gal. 2: 11, Golder; Text—
Lord,. thou knowest all things; thou knowest that I love
thee.—John 21: 17.
LESSON SETTING ---Our study this
week is the life of Simon Peter. It is
the study of a great character in the
making, of a great leader in the
training.
I.'PETER RECEIVING HIGH PRAISE, MATT..
16:13-18.
V. 13. The coasts of Caesarea Phil-
ippi. "Coasts" means vicinity of Cae-
sarea Philippi, which was a city away
north o•€the Sea of Galilee, and lying
at the base of Mount Hermon. Jesus
comes here to find a place of. retire-
ment with his disciples. The times are
critical. with Jesus. The multitude
have failed to grasp the real meaning
of his ministry and the religious class
has become openly hostile. What about
his disciples? Do they understand?
That I the Son of man am? Son of
man is Jesus' favorite name for him-
self. It is his title of humiliation.
This first question is only to prepare
for th'e second question.
Vs. 14-16. Some say John ..,
Elias . . Jereynias. These popular
judgments recognize the greatness of
Jesus, .but not his uniqueness or his
Messiahship. They seek to explain
hint by the past. His boldness of speech
suggests to then John the 'Baptist or
Elijah. His compassion reminds then
of the tenderness of Jeremiah, Jer. 9:
1. Whom say ye that I am? This is
the vital question. Simon Peter ans-
wered. Peter is usually first in word
and action. Christ, the Son of the liv-
ing God. The greatness of this ans-
wer is its acknowledgment of Jesus as
Messiah.
Vs, 17, 18. Blessed art thou. Jesus
is deeply stirred by the answer. It is
an answer from Peter's own heart, in
which God's spirit had been working.
Flesh and blood hath not revealed. No
person had communicated this truth
to Peter. Neither did it spring from
the Jewish ideas of the Messiah, which
Peter shared with his countrymen.
Thou art Peter, and upon this rock,
The meaning of Peter is "rock," and
now Peter has given expression to a
rock -like truth. It is the blessedness
of Peter, not that he is the foundation
rock of the Church, but that he had
uttered the foundation rock of the
Church,—the Messiahship of Christ.
Gates of hell. No power of evil shall
prevail against a church so founded.
II. PETER RECEIVING STERN REBUKE,
21-23.
V. 21. From that time forth; from
the time that Jesus' Messiahship is an
acknowledged fact in the disciple
band. To spew unto his disciples. It
is one thing to recognize Jesus as the
Messiah; another thing to understand
how that Messiahship must be realized.'
This is what Jesus must teach his dis-
ciples now. That he must go unto
Jerusalem. His Messiahship is a suf-:
fering Messiahship. Jesus does not
speak of this suffering as a human re-
sult, but as a divine purpose, clearly;
foreseen and calmly faced. Raised ..
the third day. It is to be a triune--;
phant suffering, ending in resurrec
tion.
Vs. 22, 23. Peter took him. Peter is
startled by this announcement, and in }
his horror at the thought, grasps the:
hand of Jesus. Began to rebuke him;1
a loving protest • against the thought.
What Peter says he says from true!
love of the Master. Get thee behind;
me, Satan. Peter's infallibility did not'
last very long. An offence. The foun-
dation stone has suddenly become a
stone of stumbling in the'way of duty.
Savourest not the things that be of
God. "Thou thinkest not with God.";
III. PETER RECEIVES A GREAT COMMIS-
SION, JOHN 21:15-17.
Vs. 15-17. When they had dined;
scene,—shores of Galilee. Time, --after
Peter's denial and Christ's death and
resurrection. Lovest thou me anore
than these; not more than the other
disciples, but.more`than the nets and
the boat and the old fishing' life to
which Peter had gone' back. Thou.
knowost that I love thee. Peter ap-
peals to Jesus' knowledge of his in-
most heart. In spite of his denial, he
loves Jesus and he knows that Jesus
knows of that love. Feed my lambs.
Jesus had once called Peter to be a
fisher of men. Now he called him to
be a shepherd of those who are weak,
as Peter himself had once been. Jesus'
way of showing Peter that he was for-
given was to ,call him again to service,
He sajth . . the third time; no refer-
ence in this threefold question to
Peter's threefold denial, but 'only an
impressive way of recalling Peter in
love from the past with its failures,
to a great commission of love and
seivice.
APPLICATION.
A Great Confession. Some people
are at their best when they utter their
"first thoughts." A great preacher
complained recently that too , few
Christian people acted upon their first
impulses, but rather weighed every-
thing so carefully that they became
worldly. When Jesus asked Peter for
a statement of his belief about Jesus,
Peter gave utterance to his first
thoughts, and said, "Thou are the
Christ, the Son of the living God," v.
16. That was the answer for which
Jesus longed. Ile knew that the scribes
and Pharisees hated hint, and the com-
mon people, though they admired him,
had no conception of his Deity. But
here at last, one of his chosen twelve
had risen to the supreme thought of
God's purpose in Christ.
The Impulsiveness of a Good Man,
There are several recorded incidents
in the life of Peter which make us
impatient with him. He was impul-
sive to the point of being unstable.
Verses 21-23 of to -day's lesson are in
line with several other scenes in which
Peter is seen in none too favorable a
light. In Matthew 14: 28-31 we have
an account of Peter endeavoring to
walk on the water to Jesus. When
Jesus, on the occasion of the Last
Supper, intimated that one of the
disciples would betray him, and that
they all would be scattered (Matt, 26:
31-35), Peter hastened to avow his
faith and his willingness to die for
Jesus. When shortly afterwards Jesus
was arrested, it was Peter who drew
a sword and cut off the high priest's
ear, Matt. 26:51. . These incidents all
bear witness to Peter's impulsiveness.
We need to remember that Peter was
in the making. He was far from be-
ing sure of himself. Some of his im-
pulses—such as his great confession
—were good; others only served to
show how immature he was.
Peter's Fall (Luke 22: 54-62)
While the story of Peter's fall is not
found in the printed portion of to-
day's lesson, it will be necessary to
study it briefly in order to understand
the restoration as given in John 21:
15-17. One of the chief lessons to be
learned from Peter's fall is the danger
of over-confd
Peter's Restoration. It is often said
that conduct indicates character. No
doubt in the main this is true but not
always. Peter was not at his best that
night when he denied Jesus. One lie
does not make a man a liar, and one
rash, weak act on Peter's part does
not mean that he had no excellent
qualities. In the memorable conversa-
tion in John 21: 15-17 Jesus made no
reference to Peter's fall.
Peter the Apostle. Peter laid well to
heart the lesson of his fall. His humil-
iation was complete, but his reliance
upon divine strength markedhis sub-
sequent career: Acts 4:13 makes
strange reading after what we know
about Peter. The mud has become rock.
What had wrought this great change
in Peter? Our answer will be found
in Acts 4:8, "Then Peter, filled with
the Holy Spirit!" Peter no longer
relied upon his own strength, but in
divine aid..
How We Use Cement
REPAIRS LEAKY ROOF.
A chimney on a lean-to at the back
of one of the houses where we lived
caused considerable inconvenience to
the ladies by letting the water run
down every time it rained. I mixed up
a batch of cement (about a fifty per
cent. mixture), just thick enough to
trowel handy, and placed• around the
chimney and well out on the shingles.
It has not leaked to this day, and that
was eight years ago.—Geo. B. Clink.
REPAIRED OLD TANK TWENTY.
YEARS AGO.
I have used cement for foundations
under buildings, 'for floors and man-
gers in horse and cow stables. For
making abutments, for setting wind-
mill derricks, for well curbings, fox
walls, for making cisterns, and am
going to make cement manure _pits far
my barns.
An idea which my wife suggested to
me twenty years ago has since mate-
rialized on .a great many farms. My
galvanized stock tank leaked lit many
places. I could not get a new one
just thee:, so mixed up a rich; cement
and plastered it inside. When it dried
I found I had mended my tank and
it will do service for' many year's yet.
-W. G. B'racebridge.
•
MAKES GATE POSTS SECURE..
•:r use cement to hold my gate 'and
corner posts in place. This is how I
.do it: The post hole isdug and the
post put in position. I then pour in
about two pails of cement, drop in a
layer of stone, then another layer of
cement and stones, and repeat until
the hole is filled. If the hole is made
the. proper size this will not only keep
any post in place but will make braces
unnecessary. -Walter. Anthes.
BUILDS RAT -PROOF CORN CRIB..
•A. few ,-years, ago I` :constructed a
corn crib and for sills I used two six-
inch channel steel beams thirty feet
long, placed on four cement pillars.
I placed sills ,four and one-half feet`
apart and used cement for floor. I used
lumber to support my cement until • it
was set. I placed five three -quarter -
inch rods through sills to keep them
from spreading and the teeth bars
from an old spike harrow to reinforce
the cement. I bolted two-by-four
scantling to top of sills to toenail my:
studding to, and cement comes to top
of two-by-four's,` which makes cement
eight inches thick at sides and five
inches thick in centre, as I arched nay
form three inches. My crib is ten feet
high and have had it full and: itholds
up perfectly. I have never seen a
rat head 'coming ' through it, either:
I have also cement floor in all my
stables and find them the cleanest and
best conservers of manure of any floor;
T have ever'tried. T.. C. Stearns:.., -.
isee tet:
Make .the
Rinso
liquid first
Do not put Rinse- direct
from the package into the
tub. Mix half a package of
Ririso'• in a little cool -
water until it is like
cream. Then add two
quarts of boiling water,
and when the froth sub-
sides, you will have a clean
amber -coloured liquid.
Add this liquid to the wash
tub, until you get the big
Tasting Rinso suds. Then
soak the clothes clean.
t:e
ii
Rinso is as splendid for the
regular family washing as
Lux is for fine fabrics.
Lever Brothers Limited
Toronto
8305
41: 1n'D."n ".°,'•
t.�'•A"iiia
DAIRY
It is not advisable, in fact, danger-
ous, to allow cows -to drink from stag-
nant pools regardless of their size.
Stagnant water soon becomes contam-
inated with dangerous germs that are
not only likely to cause sickness in
the herd, but infect the milk and make
it unfit for human food. I can cite an
instance where a whole farnily was
taken sick as a result of cows drink-
ing
rinking impure water.
While I have plenty of fresh cool
water running through my pasture I
also have a large cement tank in the
yard at the barn" where my cows can,
obtain all the water they need. I no-
tice just before my cows go into the;
stable at night they go to the tank;
and fill up on water. They seen; to,
like the water from the well the best..
A Source of Reliable Mover
Seed.
During recent years red clover seed
produced in the Dryden district of
New Ontario has been giving excep-
tionally god(' results wherever used
through Canada. The findings of
fanners have been confirmed by grow-
ing tests carried out at the Central
Experimental Farm, Ottawa, and at
Branch Farms elsewhere in the north-
ern latitudes. The success attained by
this seed has created an active de-
mand for it, especially from the bet-
ter class farmers of Ontario. During
the past season the local Co-operative
Association of Seed Growers at Ox-
drift,
xdrift, consisting of some seventy ac-
tive members, cleaned and sold for
Canadian consumption some $30,000.
of clover seed.
In order to safeguard the identity
of approved seed from northern On-
tario, official inspection is to be given
selected local clover fields during this
season. The _work of inspection and
certification will be carried on jointly
by the Ontario Department of Agri-
culture, the Federal Department of
Agriculture, and the Canadian Seed;
Growers' . Association. Canada im-
ports "millions of pounds of clover seed
annually, much of it 'coming from
warmer climates and 'therefore less
suitable for Canadian conditions than
the New Ontario seed. This new pol-
icy, which was decided on at a meeting
held at Oxdrift on June 15, should not
only assist in further developing
clover seed farming in New Ontario,
but also assist the Canadian farmers
'in obtaining a thoroughly reliable
class of -clover seed.
THE CHILDREN'S
HOUR
OUR FEATHERED FRIENDS—
THE BOBOLINK.
BY LEREINE BALLANTYNE.
Perched on. the fence, pouring forth
his song of ecstasy, the bobolink can
be seen any summer's day near a hay
or clover field. He is a rollicking fel-
low with his patchy Coat of yellow and
black turning perhaps to snowy white
near the tail. His vest is black, and
a bright yellow spot marks the base
of his head. Near by his wife is no
doubt brooding upon her nest woven of
grasses and concealed upon the
ground. She is more faded looking,
with almost an olive tint, but thOlot
streaked back and crown and buffy
line over the. eye are distinctive.
The Bobolink spend his summer in
Canada, where he is welcomed as an
irreproachable bird who charms us
with his song, and whose bad habits
have yet to be discovered. During the
early part of the summer his food
consists of injurious insects, and later
this is mixed with weed seeds, so that
he is indeed a great friend to the
thrifty farmer.
In the autumn his coat takes amore
sombre hue becoming ochre with the
brown stripes of the female. His song,
too, is not so sweet, and then' he joins
flocks of his species where they frolic
in the marshes till the cold days of
fall warn them- to seek a warmer cli-
mate for the winter. Then it is he
completely loses his northen identity
and protection, for in the south he is
known as the Ricebird which settles
upon the crops in thousands and
causes decided damage. There he is
sold often when shot. Whatever his'
faults are in the south, however, he is
loved as a very useful bird and one
of our .sweetest singers in the north.
So you see he leads a sort of double
life.
Railway Gradients.
Few gradients upon railways - are
steeper than 1 to 60. Modern locomo-
tives will take much steeper gradients,
but they are not economical to wok.
,.,
Kindness to animals is a. theme that
ought to be touched upon frequently
by every preacher and every writer
whose aim is to make this world bet- '
ter..
Opportunities in - the
'Veterinary Pr fessh
If' you desire to enter into a profession you should con-
sider what the new field of Veterinary Science has to
offer. Graduates have splendid opportunities
for a successful' career.
You should Inquire.
Session g3 October let 1923
Write for bulletin and calendar to
C. D. McGilvray, M,D.V., Principal
Veterinary Ontario i terk rCollege
GUELPH
Aftiilated with
Universisty'of Toronto
ONTARIO
Under the Ontario
Department of Agriculture