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The Exeter Advocate, 1923-5-3, Page 2gsvxasTY9►TTTYTT. Do Lightning -Rods Protect? By R, U. Burningharxl Every once in a while somebody; e says that lightning -rods are no good _ -that they do not protect buildings Address communications to Agrono 1st, 73 Adelaide $t. West, Toronto from lightning: Only a few months ago a big barn that was rodded was After the chicks are five or six days old, if the weather is suitable, they should beallowed on the ground, as they will grow much faster, when once they are strong enough to go out on the range, than when they are confin- ed to their brooder houses. Portable fences, or some other arrangement,. should be contrived whereby they can be confined to a smallrun in front of their house until they learn to go• in and out of their own accord. After KEEPING YOUNG CHICKS GROWING. Early hatching , is important, but riot more important than to keep the chicks. growing so that they will reach maturity and the pullets start laying leefore cold weather sets in. Factors that are essential for the proper growth and development of the young stock are proper housing, feed and water, free range, shade,•. cleanliness, freedom from mites and lice, good management, One of the best methods of feeding your young stock is to 'keep a hopper of dry mash before the chicks, so that they can readily eat whenever they want to. Almost any of the commer- cial chick mashes will do for this pur- pose, or the following mash will be latisfactory: Two parts by weight of cornmeal, two parts of middlings, one, part of oatmeal (crushed oats), two darts of wheat bran and a half -part Of sifted beef scrap. Supplement this With a dish or pan of sour milk and also one of clear bran, as the birds will eat readily of these foods. These, with the grain mixture and with pro- per care, should bring the chicks along in good condition. When they are eight or ten weeks old, add one part of ground oats and increase the meat scraps in the above mentioned. znash. HOPPERS SAVE LABOR OF FEEDING. Large feed hoppers holding at least two weeks' supply of mash or grain should be scattered aver the range, so the birds can eat whenever they want to. If you want to use hop- pers for both grain and mash feeding, one hopper will answer the purpose by dividing it in the centre. Whenever possible, place the hoppers in the shade. They should beraised off the ground four or five inches to allow the air to circulate under them, which will prevent the mash from becoming moldy and damp. Do not overlook the importance of giving the growing stock all the cool fresh water they will drink. This should be supplied at least twice a day and placed in the shade. Wash the drinking dishes every day and scald them with bailing water once a week. Horne Carden Collection 'Halt sound Corn, half pound Pens, Malt pound Wax 4W.= and 12 assorted packages ` esetnhlo Seeds, postpaid for 51.00. These are all tested stooks. write for this collection land our attractive calendar to -day. C. E. BISHOP & SON Soedeman !Belleville, Dot Sphagnu about a week the fences can be taken down, as the chicks by that time will; go to their own quarters. If the chicks are confined to limited range, it will be necessary to cultivate the ground at frequent intervals if you wish them to makea good rate of growth, If it is possible to do so, place the colony houses near the corn -field, as this answers two purposes. First, it; provides shade for the young stock and fresh cultivated ground for them to run over, which also furnishes a considerable supply of bugs and worms. An orchard is also a splendid place for chicks to run, and the chicks are of considerable benefit, as they. eat many worms and insects that are injurious to the trees. If neither .corn -field nor orchard is available for this purpose, provide artificial shade by making light frames which may be covered with burlap. Be sure that they are high enough so that the birds will have no trouble in going under them. be made to keep sanitary, as dis- starts in unclean some other litter over the floor of keeping it clean. If it is necessary to confine the birds for several days at a time due to rainy weather, the houses should be cleaned twice a week. Otherwise cleaning once a week is enough. FRESH AIR .ALL-IMPORTANT. Beginning with warm weather, and continuing until fall, spray the colony houses at least once a week with a good disinfectant. The growing chicks should be provided with a house that will give them a place to stay in at night and during bad weather. It should provide them with ample ven- tilation without drafts, dryness and plenty of sunshine, and should be ar- ranged so that it can easily be cleaned. The front of the house can be covered with one -inch mesh poultry wire•net- tinge which will allow plenty of fresh air and keep out cats, skunks, foxes and other animals that are likely to catch the chicks at night. With such Mss a house be sure that there are no Every effort must 'the coops clean and ease most frequently quarters. Straw or should be scattered the house to help in struck by lightning and burned to the ground. The owner built a new barn and decided not to put rods on it. "No use," said he. • "Thc rods didn't pro- tect the .first barn." Possibly it didn't occur to this fel- low that the rods which failed to save his first barn weren't put up right; or maybe they were poor rods. As a matter of fact, when a build- ing. is properly rodded with good rods, it will not be struck by lightning. En 1912, eighteen companies operate ing in Ontario 'teat • records which show that for every 200 farm build - lags insured, forty-two were rodded. which is about 21 per cent. Out of every 200 farm buildings which were struck• by lightning only three `were rodded. One would Expect forty-two to be. struck if the rods were no good. > ox every 7,001) farm buildings in- sured by these companies, thirty,sevel'I were struck by lightning, several be- ing burned,. On the other hand, out of every 7,000 rodded onesinsured, only two were struck by lightning and none burned. In other words,an un-• rodded building is eighteen and one- half times as likely to be struck as a rodded one. In Ontario, in 191,3, reports of forty-five companies show that 26.2 per cent. of their risks were rodded. During the year, 193 claims for light- ning damage to buildings were . paid, thirty-six of which were burned, am- ounting to a loss of $40,904,53. How- ever, only eight rodded buildings were struck, with a total damage of $57.64. This shows an efficiency of 99.5 per cent. FARM BUILDINGS ARE BIGGEST RISES. About three out of four buildings that are struck by lightning are lo- cated in the country. City buildings are well protected from lightning, be- cause they are equipped with water supply and heating systems, the radi- ator and pipes being connected to water -mains which make an excellent ground wire. Also, electric light and power lines and telephone 'wires, all of which are grounded, are in contact with city buildings; the grounding, conducts the electricity away' from the; buildings as fast as it collects during' a thunder -storm, While this does not, afford perfect protection, yet there seems to be no question that wiring, i water supply and heating systems are largely responsible for city buildings being safer from lightning strokes than country buildings, especially barns and outbuildings. In order to understand how light-{ ing-rods protect buildings you must know how lightning acts. It is often. through lack of knowledge that the j We Offer the Nursery Trade (`Two thousand bales high-grade Sphagnum floss original 25•Ib. bales) at $1,90 Der bale. We also parry largo stocks of 3NL. All And leo? ms . INSECTICIDES 'Fortabs"-- Nlcotac)do Plant Pill* Urfr DALE ESTATE, Ltd. GREENHOUSES, BRAMPTON THE "BRANTFORD" COSTS LESS TO RUN Concrete for all farm building nods Is pro- vided economically with the Brantford farm model mixer. Bunt for band or Dower on skids or trunks. Uoo your own engine or our Type "x" Kerosene Engine. We also bund larger mixers for big- ger jobs. Write for booklet GOOLE!, SHAPLEY & MUIR CO” Limited, 200 Wellington St. Stant-ford, Ont. rrigated Farms in Southern Albert, In the Eamoas Vauxhall District Sow giver Irrigation Project An especially good location for mixed farming .utnd dairying. Splendid op- portunity for young men now living n districts where good land cannot be bought at reasonable prices. THIS T8 NOT PIONEERING. the first 10.000 acres are fully settled and another 10,000 acres now ready for settlement; maximum .distance from railroad, seven miles. Good roads• telephones and -schools. Easy pay. ments. extending over 18 years. This In the Beet Land Say in AIberta write for further information to CANADA LAND and IHFir4FATItlig COMPANY, LIMITED fficdieta e Hat. - - .8.lherta Keep Kendall' 0 inthe barc k'- always . .� A strained muscle, a sprung tendon, a jolt or a knock demands immediate attention. A few hours' delay will result in a long lameness -..perhaps inthe loss of the horse. Kendall's Spavin Treatment has saved more horseflesh than all the other known remedies. Under the 'name of Kendall's. Spavin Cure, it is - the forty-year•old standby of horsemen, fanners and veterinarians. Gel a Wile of Kendall's today. Ask, toe, for the Free Book or; farile for it to DR. B. J. KENDALL COMPANY, ENOSSURG PALS, Vt., U.S.A. ISSUE No, 17--'23. cracks in the sides and back to allow drafts. • OVERCROWDING CAUSES COLDS. See that the birds do not crowd in their houses at night. Do not place too many in a house. This matter of overcrowding is often overlooked and may have most serious consequences on the future health of the flock if al- lowed to continue, especially during the fall. At this season of the year the birds are apt to crowd at night to keep warm, and when let out in the morning into the fresh cool air they become chilled and catch cold. Colds, as we all know, soon spread through the flock and if not checked turn into roup. In working with the young stock do not scare them needlessly. Move. among them carefully, so as to get them as tame as possible,and-you will find that they do much better than chickens that are wild and that come to you only when forced to do so by hunger. PROVIDE MORE R0031 AS BIRDS As the birds increase in siz other houses. The colony stock ft th for artificial heat. le As soon as the cockerels begin to mate with the pullets, they should be separated and those that are not wanted as breeders during the coming year should be sent to market. Good Counsel 'f for Hog Breeders. A. A. MacMillan, Chief of the Sheep and Swine Division at Ottawa, gives excellent ,advice- to swine breeders when he says: The profitable hog is the one that keeps growing from birth to finished market weight. Grow the pig out by feeding skimmilk,' shorts, alfalfa and roots, or blood: or fish meal. Finis 1; the pig when. grown on barley, oats, and:corn. Mature ` bacon hogs are finished` weighing 200 1 to 210. pounds at six to seven months 1 of age. A few extra dollars invested in the boar will often save a good, many bushels of grain when finishing, '` your hogs for market, and will get ' the farmer better prices. GROW. e, they should be thinned out and placed in brooder houses can be used for theg rowing; a er ere is no longer need' Hmt for Spring. Don't fail to see that the right kind of seedbed is prepared for spring- s planted crops. It doesn't laay tospend the summer cultivating and harvest-. ing a' crop that hasn't a ghost of a show because it didn't have the right I kind of chancegiven at the beginning. A good seedbed is deep, mellow, has no large clods or open spaces below the surface, and has plenty of plant - food humus. • erally made of several small wires rather then one large wire. If iron is used,. it could be in the form of 'a pipe, which offers a larger surface. Copper has the ability to conduct -a steady current of electricity six times as well as iron wire of the salve size. Some tests shave, however, that an iron rod will take off a "sudden rush" of electricity better than copper wire of the same size. Either metal can be very successfully used if it is made in correct size. Professor Day said that he examined a combination which has been in use for eight years and found the steel had been almost entirely de- stroyed by rust Combination rods are .made into one rod by placing the steel or iron wires inside a sheath of copper. PUT THE GROUND RODS DEEP. "Down to perpetual moisture" must be the specification for grounding lightning -rods in all cases. It may be as bad as no rod,or worse, to have lightning -rods if the soil is dry around the ground wire, You may think that a ground connection will always be wet during a thunder- storm because of the rain, but it often happens that the lightning flash will precede the ram storm. TYPES OF GROUNDS. 1. The star-shaped ground consists a. of a series of wires soldered together in the shape of a star. To this star - shape the rod which extends up on the building is soldered. This form of ground issometimes used for wireless stations. 2. Coiled wire or rod made in the shape of a spiral, with a diameter of about six inches. 3, Ground rod fastened, in an ap- proved manner, to a plate. 4. A piece of pipe may be sharpen- ed and driven down to perpetual mois- ture. The rod is fastened to upper end of the pipe, or the lightning -rod. can be run to the bottom end of the pipe and the pipe filled with coke' around the wire. 5. Lightning -rods may be attachedl to water pipe outside the building.' The connection may be made by fus-a ing the ground wire to a plug and screwing the plug into the water-; main. Wells, cisterns and streams also make excellent grounds for lightning -rods, If the ground wires come anywhere near gas -mains, it is' wise to make doubly sure of a good moist ground connection and get as far away as practicable from the gas -1 main. The flash may travel through , a few feet of earth to such • a main: and melt it, or set fire to any leaky. joints along its course, i 6. If there is limestone rock under the ground, it may be hard to get down to perpetual moisture. Then it : might be well to bury a long wire in a trench, dug as deep as possible, and pack fine coke around the wire. The. coke should be moistened, In .addition, soil which contains plenty of humus 1 (not fresh manure), if thrown in the trench, will help to hold moisture. The powdered coke serves two pur- A Sun Subscription Offer The next three months will be. months of ab- sorbing interest to the electors of Ontario. Never beam hi the history of the Province wasthere ns much political confusion and uncertainty as there is to -day never before was it so necessary that electors should understand the point of view of those with whom they differ. The Farmers' Sun airing the coming cam- paign will endeavor to give its readers a full and impartial record of events and tothose who hold to the principles it supports, .as well as those who may support other principles but who wish to be well informed, it offers a special subscription op- portunity. The Sun will be sent to any address in Ontario for three months for fifty cents, or six months for one dollar. You may send your sub- schiption by Postal Note or Express Order to the Sun Office, or through the courtesy of your local paper. The Farmers' Sun 109 GEORGE ST. - - TORONTO 1 THE SUNDAY SCHOOL LESSON 11 unscrupulous lightning -rod agent may get the best of you. If two positively charged bodies' (charged with electric- ity) are brought together, they repel each other. But if a positively charg- ed body and a negatively charged body are brought together, they attract; each other. In other words, "like poles repel each other, unlike poles attract. Thus in the case of lightning, the cloud is the positively charged pole, the earth the negative. As a thunder -storm develops, the air is able at first to resist a dis- charge from the cloud to the earth, but before long such a tension is de- veloped that the strain becomes too great, the air can resist no longer and a discharge takes place. The area of danger zone is about equal to the size of the cloud, sometimes extending in front of the cloud. The greatest danger is with the passage of the storm front. Within this zone almost any upright object, suck as a chimney, tree or cupola, being a better con- ductor than the air, may be struck. -1 All bodies do not act the same when charged with electricity. Some con- duct onduct the charge away at once; these .are called conductors. Others retain. the charge; .these are non-conductors or insulators. Gutta-percha, glass, air, and wood, for. instance, are non conductors, while metals such as cop- per, iron, etc., are conductors. 'Trees, masonry, buildings, etc., will carry lightning, but offer so much resistance thatthey are, splintered, destroyed, or heated to ignition when struck. Telegraph .and light wires are in- sulated from n-sulated.from the poles by glass to preyent the current being taken up. It was thought for a Iong time that lightning -rods should also be insulat- ed from the building, but. this is; in- correct. The rods should be attached directly to the buildings. This takes advantage of the fact that metal rods touching the building: will take away, the electrical charge. which will other- i wise collect. on the building and may finally result in a stroke. Lightning -rods serve a second pur- pose also. If the electrical charge should collect on a building faster than it is taken away, the rods will take care of the flash, IRON, COPPER AND ALUMINUM RODS. I poses; it holds moisture and it is a conductor. The trench should be per- pendicular to the foundation and should not run parallel with it. PROTECT THE GROUND WIRE. Where ground wires are located at {corners of barns, they are likely to be torn away by wagons or other farm machinery. To protect the wires,' build a box about six feet high, of 1x3 -inch lumber, around each ground wire. Inspect the ground wire from time to time to see thatit is intact. WIRE FENCE. PROTECTION. The following recommendations are made with regard to protection of wire fences from lightning: 1. Ground the fence line at inter- vals of twenty or twenty-five rods. 2. Ground the fences at all inter- secting fence linos or -corners, and 1 wherever abrupt turns are made. 3. Avoid making direct connection of fences to buildings, and ground all fences adjacent to buildings, especial- ly fences surrounding barnyards.' 4. Break the continuity of a long fence by using a pair of 'vertical wood harp, as insulators of not over 100 rods, whereby electrical connections are broken. 5. Use three No. 12 or No. 9 wires, securely stapled to post, and in con- tact ontact with all wires, for grounding; The grounded wire should project above the post €nd at least three feet into the ground. Metal posts used at intervals of twenty rods may be sub- stituted for Freund wires. Use lightning conductors which con- form to underwriters' requirement and have g- reliable lightning -rod concern put up the rods. �r, 1 For many , years iron and copper were the metals most widely used for lightning -rods. Recently aluminum has become a competitior. • Did you ever notice' that the i' ble from the distributor to spark -plug on your automobile is made up of several. small wires ,twisted• together"? '' Elec- tricity 'seetns to travel on the outer su'r'face of a' conductor; and the sev- eral small wires offer more :5u7•feee than the same amount of metal' he one solid wire. Lightning -rods are gen- • She-"You're one of the most 'in- teresting talkers I ever met." He --"Thanks for the compliment." S' t -"Yes, you've been telling me liow nice 1 am for an hour." MAY 6 Lesson 'SIL : 1 Samuel 1: 1 to 4: 1; 7: 3 to 10: 27; 11: 12 to 13: 15; 15: 1 to 16; 13; 25: 1; 28: 3-20. Golden Text -Only fear the Lord, and serve him in truth with all your heart: for consider how great things he hath done for you. -1 Sam. 12-24. LESSON Fonewoen-Samuel began ; With the Hebrews, the heart was the his career as a seer, -one who could' organ of the intelligence, Hence Sam - see hidden things at a distance and in uel bade the Israelites serve the Lord the future. (Read 1 Sani., ch. 9,) His intelligently. remarkable faculty of "second sight"' V. 21. Turn . . not aside. We can together with his very realinsight, scarcely estimate the force of Israel's brought him into wide prominence. In temptation to turn aside from Jehovah a period of grave external danger and and serve other gods. Israel was s of iur•• nternal disorder, due chiefly to the rounded with great nations whose Philistine invasion, he appears to have civilization and military . prowess acted as a sort of governor over Israel. seemed to attest the superiority of Then Saul assumed the kingship, and , their gods. The foreign gods appear - Samuel gradually withdrew from pub- : ed to be able to do things. Vain lic life. In to -day's lesson he tenders things. The deities and idols of their his resignation as a "judge," and de- . neighbors were unreal gods who could livers his farewell address. In this render them 110• help of any sort. parting address he not only vindicates: V. 22. His great name's sake. Jeho- his administration, but he admonishes'vah's reputation was involved in .the Israel to ever remain loyal to Jehovah, 'fortunes of his people. The surround - who has been their protector and de- ing nations would judge Jehovah by liverer. : what he was able to do for his people. I. SAMUEL'S RESIGNATION, 1-5, i Consequently, if he should desert V 1. Have made a king. According. them his n"azfie would fail into disr.e the other nations. His to ch. 8, Samuel anointed Saul as king, peeplute e m Tonhe prophets ever insisted only under protest. The people, ha -'that Jehovah' had chosen and redeem- rassed by the powerful Philistines, and rent with internal lawlessness, -,ed Israel not on account of their num- felt that a king was necessary to hold bers or importance, but because he Israel together. Samuel, however, thloved them. He wished to make of thought that they should have no �king of chis specialr the people but Jehovah. Nevertheless at -'God s p possession. bidding, he anointed Saul, Years later V 23 To /nay for ijau. Itis apitar- the prophets believed that the king -is ent from this narrative that Samuel in a ship was a mistake from the begin - relation elation to deliovahnding and that his sPeciatext ning. Israel's kings had 'been the cause of most of Israel's troubles. cessions on behalf of the people would have There are thus two views of the king- intent enuliar re contiilueyas meedvows.his ship reflected in the books of ,Samuel. tween God and the people I will V. S. The Icing'tll before you. teach you. Ile will also instruct the Saul is now the nation's leader, going people le in their duties. before them like a shepherd before his V. 24. Fear the Lord. Hold God in flock. My sons are with you. His reverence. The foundation of the He- brew religion was the feeling of awe before God as the highest and holiest being. In truth; with steadfastness. V. 25. The penalty of disobedience will be `the destruction of both the people and the king. APPLICATION. grown-up sons are sufficient proof that he is an old man; and on account of his age, he wishes to be relieved of the burdens and responsibilities of office. Samuel's sons were regarded as corrupt men, ch. 8:3. I have walls- ed,• etc. He heel been their leader for a Iong time. Perhaps he is here con- trasting himself as one wham the peo- ` Looking back over a long stretch of ple knew well, with Saul, who was time, the writer of thWbook draws for still comparatively little known . to us an idealized 'picture of Samuel as them. one of Israel's outstanding benefac- V. 3, Samuel had been not only a tors. Samuel stood at the cross-roads sort of vindicator of the rights of his in the history of the people, when their people against their foes and oppres- political fortunes took a new turn, and sors-such is the true meaning of a it was -.the country's good14fortune that "judge" in the Book of Judges -but sucha wise and tactful statesman and he had acted as a magistrate, adminis- religious genius was at the helm when tering justice. Now the adniinistra- the transition from a loose national tion of justice in the East is notori- organization to that of a kingdom was ously corrupt. Bribery is rife; the made. rich usually win out; the poor are 1. Let us .observe Samuel's qualiflca- pushed to the wall. Samuel, however, tions for leadership at this crisis. (a) vindicates himself as a fair and up- He was rich in experience. He had right judge, dealing impartially with "judged" Israel for -many years, and all alike. It is said that Mohammed, had also been a 'prophet" to the pep. shortly before his death, delivered a ple. During his long life he learned speech similar to this. to know the weaknesses and the V. 4. The people acknowledge that strength of his fellow countrymen. •Samuel has served them well. (b) He possessed an unblemished re - ' V,:5. The Lord is witness. He calls potation. No one could reproach him God to witness that what he has said with having used his high office for is the sacred truth. Mr. Ribbany, .in personal gain. (c) He was intensely his Syrian CI •• t, points out that the religious. Of course, that was the people of Palestine to this day' add secret of his strength. From his emphasis to their speech by calling childhood he knew the Lord, and his upon God to witness to their veracity. character grew steadily because. it The modern Syrian says, "By Allah was rooted in humble piety. (d) He (God), what I have said is right and was fearless. How faithfully'he re - true." His anointed; Saul,' the king. minds the people of their past history, The king, like the priest and other and the reasons they have for grati- religious dignitaries, was ' anointed tude and loyalty to the Lord. How with sacred oil to symbolize, no doubt, earnestly, too, he attempts to dissuade the outpouring of the Divine spirit them from their plans for a monarchy. upon him. (e) Samuel was ' a great leader be - II. SAMUEL'S PARTING CHARGE20-25. cause he loved his fellow countrymen, , and bore them on his heart before the V. 20. Fear not. In order to con- Lord. He was an "intercessor" on his vince the people of their wickedness people's beh'tlf. in having asked for a king, Samuel 2. Saanuc/'s„ taarzitl it2ea toss that Is - had prayed for rade and thunder, vs. real should be a theocracy, that is, the 17 and 18. It was at the time of wheat Lord should be the ruler of his people. harvest, the latter part of June•or in 3. Samuel lays a sure hand on the early July, and at this season .rain truth that the nation that does evil rarely .falisin Palestine. Consequently and 'forsakes, God, will come to shame the people were terrified at such an and ruin. (See 1 Sam. 12: 25). Amos unusual occurrence. Withall your taught the same truth; indeed; all the heart. With us the °heart is, meta- great religious leaders have proclaim phorically, the seat of the affections. ed it.. How We. Poison Cutworms.' When cutworms *et hungry, and go to chewing off our garden plants, we offer them a 'substitute. ' We mix a quart of bran with a heaping 'tea- spoonful of•Paris",green and a quarter of a teacupful of 'molasses, and add .enough water to make a mash, crumb ly but not sloppy. We scatter it thin Iy between the rows l}ibere the cu•t- worms work; or put a little at the base of each plant. It usually "gets them. Chickens must be kept out, or they will be poisoned too. -C. S. B: • If-yo'ur kitchen range cracks on the inside,. don't throw it• away Mend the broken place with equal parts of wood -ashes and salte moistened: with we ter. This will prove hardand trestle . S ti