The Exeter Advocate, 1920-4-8, Page 3NILE DESERT TO FLOWER THROUGH - Markets of the World
BRITISH IRRIGATION PROJECT Breadstuffe.
Toronto, April 6.—Man. wheat—
Undeterred. by threats of revolt, story of Joseph and his brethren N
Gree Britain -is planning vast irriga- evidence of the conservation of grain
in Egypt and the dependence of sur -
Von. work for her protectorate of
rounding countries upon the laud of
Egypt which will double the present the Nile far their supplies M times of
area of cultivation and onormOusly in- dearth.
crease the prosperity ot the people. Even in those early days there was
More than three-fourths of the come- au attempt to catch the, alluvium of
'fee is still desert, and it is proposed the Nile In Lake Moeris, south at
tO regulate the waters of the Nile In 'Memphis, and above the head of the
tipper Egypt ere that a large area on delta formed -by the Rosetta and
both sides ot the river shall be re- Damietta branches 'or the river. The
claimed. Irrigation le vital to Egypt, annual rise of the river overflowed in -
for without it there could be no crops to the lake, and when the stream fell
and a general famine would. rosiilt. in the dry season ,the water poured
This work will be the fleet great back through thechannel and was
construction project to be launched
since the war. An irrigation commis-
siou has been named to study the
question on the White and Blue Nile
and - has already arrived 011 the
ground. It consists of four engineer-
ing experts. Their work will carry
theta far smith of the limits of
the Egyptian Governineurs exclusive
sphere into the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan,
to Khartum, where the waters of the
White and the Blue Nile meet. The
river has many aliases during its
course, the longest of any waterway
on the glebe, next to the Miselesippl.
From its source In Lake Viotoria to
Lake Albert about 200 miles, it N
known as the Albert Nile; thence to
Lake No, 600 miles, as the Bahr -el -
Jebel. Then becomes the White
Nile to Khartum, where the Nile pro-
per begine. Above that point the
principal affluent is the Sobat, south:
west of Fashoda, while below Maar-
tutu the Atbara N the only tributary.
The Nile drains a basin of 1,107,227
square miles, a little less than the
Mississippi and the Obi, or the Congo.
with 1,425,000 square miles, or the
mighty Amazon, with 2,722.000 square
miles, draining two-fifths of South
diverted by sluices to the ground to
be irrigated. The lake has now shrunk
in area and subsided more than 200
feet and its outflow ceased about 230
B.C., but the system of retaining the
waters of the river in a basin by which
the surrounding ccuntry can receive
an annual flooding has }Seen continued
to this day.
The greatest problem tor the engi-
neer is to cateh as much as possible
of the rich alluvium by preventing its
escape to the sea and depositing it on
dry fields. The slope ot tite teed on
each side of the Nile is away from
the river, so that at flood it was easy
to top it and let the mud charged
water flow over the fames to a. depth
of about a yard. The mud was grad-
ually deposited and after a month or
six weeks the water, then almost
clear, was run off into the falling
river. Tbe ground usually was rough-
ly plowed In November and planted
with grain that sprouted in April
without other watering.
Doubled Cotten crops.
To prevent the loss of alluvial de-
posits a French engineer uuder Me-
hemet Ali designed two bridge?. across
the Rosetta and Damietta, branches at
America. Northwest of Lake Vietortalthe head of the delta so constructed
the Nile and Congo have a common
that the arches vault' be closed by
watershed divided only by small ele- drop gates diverting the water to side
+fattens. From the low hills of Dar- canal& British engineers completed
fur the Nile valley sharply contracts (heap atruetureeIn 1890 and tee re,
ell! it apprcachee within a few miles snit was that the five-year average
of the river at the great bend between cotton crop. ending in 1834, amount
-
the fourth and third cataract, retain- ,to 123,000 toes, was raised by
'Mg ice restricted width to the Meditate
1896 to 251,200 tone. la 1900 thore
r1"1311* Beyond the narrow trip 's were about 2.100 miles cf basin mutate.
the watetlese desert With only a few A similar barrage was built across
the river at Areilnt, finished in 1902 in
5,000 Years of Endeavor.
This is the enemy that the irriga-
tion conimission has eet out to con-
quer. Water alone will not do it. for
as soon as the supply is withdrewit the
land would again become dry and in-
fertile It is the rich loam brought
down by the Nile from the luxuriant
No. 1 Northern, $2.80; No. 2 North-
ern, $2.77; No. 3 Northern, $2.73, in
store Fort William.
Manitoba oats—No. 2 C.W., 98c;
No, 3 C,W., 94c; extra No, 1 feed,
94c; No. 1 feed, 930; No. 2 feed, 92e,
in store Fort William.
Manitoba barley—No, 3 0
$1.64%; No. 4 0.W., $1,44%; rejeited,
$1.32%; feed, $1,32%, in store ort
William.
American corn—No, 3 -yellow, $1.93,
nominal, track, Toronto; prompt ship-
ment.
Ontario oats—No. 3 white, $1.03 to
31.05, according to freights outside.
Ontario wheat—No, 1 Winter, per
car lot, 32 to $2.01; No. 2, do, 31.98
to $2.01; No. 3 do, $1.92 to $1,93, f.o,b,
shipping points, according to freights,
Ontario wheat— No. 1 Spring, per
ear lot, $2.02 to $2.03; No. 2 do, $1.93
to $2.07; No. 3 do, $1.95 to $2.01, f.o.b.
shipping points, according to freights.
Peas—No. 2, 3.00.
Barley—Malting, $1.78 to $1.80, ne-
eordrng freights outside.
Buc wheat—$1.65 to $1.70, accord-
ing to freights outside.
Rye—No. 3, $1.83 to $1.85, accord-
ing- to freights outside.
,Manitoba flour—Government stand-
time to avert diaster from the low
Nile of that year. Extension of the
area of cultivation made more and
more demands upon the river, and it
was realizee that If the perennial
system were to be continued the
watera of the elver would have to be
stored up duriug flood time. Title re-
hthe region and deposited over the elated in the great Assuan dem, linisle
windy bottom that makes lower leg'yin ed December 10, 1902, which stores
oe.. of the most productive regions of
the world lu the restricted area of the
once the granary of the Roman
empire. For 5,000 years the EDT -
Vans have been trying to catch this
alluvial deposit and as yet have only
partially succeeded.
Herodotus mentions their efforts at
e very early period of history and he
himself, about the year 460 13.C., made
a journey up the river as far as the
first cataract at Assuan, 'where the
great dame finished in 1902, has con-
siderably obliterated the rapids. The
up tile water, beeaming full in Martel.
As the demand for 'water inereaeee,
the shdees, by which it le pierced, are
giadually opened until July, when the
current la allowed to flow freely.
Thus the great river Is harnessed to
the uses at man from Astwan to the
sen. It is now proposed to extend
title 'work far to the south to make, the
deserts of the Sudan fertile for the
years to mime. This great work of
construction foreshadows the de-
velopment of the African continent to
the benefit of the world at large.
MUST' INCREASE
PRICE OF FLOUR
Result of Action of Wheat
Board and Lack of Export
Markets.
• A despatch from Ottawa says:—A,
enaterial advance in the price of flour
in Canada es indicated in an announce-
ment made here on behalf of Can-
adian millers by George A'. Macdon-
ald, representing the Quaker Oats
!Company, and head of a delegation
of representative millers which' wait-
ed on the Government to discuss the
serious situation which Canadian
mills are facing as a result of the
action of the Canadian Wheat Board
lin continuing the restriction in the
prize of flour on the Canadian market,
skid the lack of export markets for
Canadian flour. The increase will be
eiecessary to meet the incheasing cost
pf manufacture, it is tuiderstood,
The scarcity of millfeede in Can -
Ada is directly traceable to the lack
efee„ market for flour and the -cense-
puentedecrease in the volume of dont-
egeile, milling, 'the millers state. They
bave asked the Government to meet-
ty the regulations of the Wheat
Board and to co-operate with the
millers in inducing foreign buyers to
take a reasonable proportion of Can-
adian wheat as flour rather than as
wheat.
Vast quantities of flour are said to
be available in the United States for
export, and this •complicates the Can-
adian problem. It is said that more
than 4,000 men have already been
thrown. out of employment by forced
closing. down of the mills, of which
there are about 500 in Canada.
Irish Home Rule
Passed Second Reading
A despatch :rein Lander. says:—
The Lloyd Coalition Govern-
ment scored its expected victory in
the 'House of Commons when the new
,Irielt Hoene Itule Bill passed its sec-
cond reading, which is tantamount to
its becoming law, by „a vote of 348 to
94. •
The opposition votes were confinei
to the Nationalists, Laborites and ex -
Premier Asquith's few followers. The
division followed a speech by Premier
Lloyd Geeoege.
Buy Thrift Stamps.
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ef,e
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SIR AUCKLAND GEDDES
Newly appointed British Ainbassa-
.dor to the United States.
40e; do, heavy, 29 •to 30e; eooked, 54
to 56e; rolls, 30 to 31e: breakfast
ard, 313.25, Toronto. bacon, 43 to 48c; barks, plaM, 50 to
52e; boneless 52 to 56e.
Ontario flour G t tend-
ard, 310.25 to $10.46, Montreal or To- Cured meats—Long clear bacon, 31
onto, in jute bags. Prompt shipment. to 32e; clear bellies, 80 to 31e.
Millfeed—Oar lots, delivered Mont- Lard—Pure, tierces, 30 to 304e;
real freight, bags included—Bran, per tubs, 30% to 31e; pails, 30% to 31e;
ton, 345; shorts, per ton, e52; good prints, 314 to 32c, Compound tierces,
feed flour, 33.60 to e3.75.
% ,
284,e. to 29e; tubs, 29 to 29%e; pails,
Hay—No. 1, per ton, 328 to 00; 29to 29%c; prints, 30 to 30%e,
---
mixed, per ton. $26 to 328, track
Straw—Car lots, per ton, 316 to
$17, track, Toronto.
Country Produce—Wholesale.
Cheese—New, large, 29 to 30e;
twins, 29%% to 30e; triplets, 30%
to 31e; Stilton, 33 to 34c; old, large,
31 to 32e; do, twins, 32 to 32%c.
Butter—Fresh dairy, choice, 55 to
56e; creamery prints, 67 to 68e.
Margarjne-33 to 38e. '
Eggs—New laid, 55 to 56e.
Dressed poultry—Spring chickens,
40 to 42c; roosters, 25e;fowl, 35c;
turkeys, 58 to 60e; duekliugs, 38 to
40<- geese, 32, to 35e; equabs, doz., Live Stock Markets.
$640. Teronto, April 6.—Choite heavy
Live poultry—Spring chickens, so steers, 313.25 to 314; do, good, $12.50
to 32e; fowls. 33 to 40e; ducks, 35 to to 813; butehers' cattle, choice, 312.50
40c; geese, 20 to 28e. to 313; do, good, 310,75 to 311; do,
Beans—Canadian, hand-uicked, bus., med., 310 to 310.50; do, come $8,50 to
$5,50 to 35.75; primes, 34 to 34,50; 39.25; bulls, choice, 310.25 to 311; do,
Japans, 35.25 to 35.50; California med., 39 to 39.50; de, rough, 37.50 to
Limas, Me to 17efic; Madagascar $8; butcher cows, choice, 310.15 to
Limas. lb., 15e; Japan Limas, lb„ Ile. 311; do, _good, 39 to $9.50; do, come
Honey—Extracted elover,.5-11), tins,$1 to hot , stockers,.
to , feed -
27
to 28q; 10 -lb. tins, 25 to 26c; 60-11.. era; $11 to 312.50; canners and cut -
tins, 25e; buckwheat, 60 -lb. tins, 18 to ter, $5.25 to 36; milkers, good to
<I
• Montreal Markets.
Montreal, April 6.—Oats, Canadian
Western, No, 2, 31,15; Can, Western
No. 3, $1,10%; Flour, new standard
grade, 318.25 to 313.55; Rolled oats,
bag, 90 thee 35.50 to 35.60. Bran,
$45.25, Shorts, $52.25. Hay, No. 2,
per ton, car lots, 330 to 331. Cheese,
finest easterns, 26 to 261,e. Butter,
choicest creamery, 64 to 65e. Eggs,
fresh, 55e. Potatoes, per bag, tar
lats. 64.30 to $4.40. Lard, pure, wood
pails, 20 lbs. net, 30 to 80%e.
A Letter From'Lacion
The outbreak <if influenza, which
caused the po,stponement of the de-
parture of the Prince of Wales for
Australia has had. the effect of pro -
clueing an interesting coincidence.
The date of his departure from Ports-
mouth was the nineteenth e.univer-
sary of the sailing 01 his parents on
the Ophir for their memorable tour
of the Dominions. Their majesties
were then the Duke and Duchess:or
Cornwall, for the. visit took place
shortly after the death of Queen Vic-
toria-, and King Edward had not then
given the title of Prince of Wales to
his son. The Duke opened the first
Parliament of the Commonwealth of
Australia while he was away, and up-
on his return the Prince, as he had
then become, delivered his famous
"Wake Up England" speech at the
Guildhall.
20e; comb, 16 -oz., $6 to 36.50 doz.; e 10 ee, , COrn.
10 -oz., 34.25 to 34.50 doz. med., 365 to 375; springers, $90 to
Maple products—Syrup, per imp. 3109; lambs, per mt., 318 to 319;
gal., $4.25; per 5 imp. gals., $4,00. spring lambs, each, $14 to 319; calves
••••••••••••••••...
t good to choice, 818 to 322.50; sheep
Provis'ons—Wholesale.,
67 to $14; hogs, fed and watered,
Sinoevel. "reale—Hams, med., 38 to 318.75; do, weighed oft' ears, 319; do,
DO YOU REMEMBER?
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* *
Just before the Prince sailed he
was formally summoned to the Privy
Council by the King, though itt the
ease of a member of the Royal Family
no formal swearing-in ceremony takes
place. This step would have been
taken some time ago, had it not been
for the war, and the Priece became a
member of this Council at a rather
more advanced age than has been. cue.
ternary in the case of the Sovereign's
sons in the past.
* * *
So far no woman has ever been ad-
mitted to the Privy Council, though
how long it will remain a masculine
preserve is very probIeuuttical, since
in the event of a, woman M.P. becom-
ing a Cabinet Minister she would pre-
sumably be sworn of the Privy Coun-
cll.
• « * *
Up to the present King George has
been able to say that he has travelled
more miles throughout the world than
any other living Royal personage. But
this record His Majesty is certain to
lose within the next eighteen months,
Ince, extensive as the King's tours
have been, they will by that tittle
have been eclipsed by the Prince of
Wales.
• * * *
The Prince, by the way. will be the
first member of our Royal family to
set foot on the West Indian Islands alt
a formal visitor, and his welcome is.
in consequence, likely to be more than
ordinarily enthusiaetie. As it may
now be taken for granted that the
King's globe-trotting is at an end, and.
since at least two other visits for the
Prince of Wales are projected. he Is
likely to set up a mileage record that
willremain unbeaten for many a day.
Prince Arthur of Connaught was to
have held an Investiture on behalf of
.101111.••••••1•00.•
the King at Manchester and Birming-
ham, but owing to illness he was un-,
able to attend either et these, and tIs
place was taken by Prince Henree tIt
third son of the King and Queeti, whet
thus made his first appearanee at a
ceremony ot this kind. Ife had the
distinction of having represented the
King at one of these local Investitures
before his elder brothers, as neither
the Prince of Wales nor Prince Albert
has as yet appeare1 at such a func-
tion in place of his Majesty. ,Fringe
Henry was twenty on March 31. He
first of all went to school at St.
Peter's Court, Broadstairs, then to
Eton, and afterwards to the Royal Mill«
ary College, Sandhurst. 111 July last
he was gazetted a second lieutenant la
the King's Royal Rifle.% of which the
King is Colonehin-Chiet
*
The Prime Minister has now been
in office continuously for fourteen
years. He was appointed President
of the Board of Trade in December.
1906. and has since been Chancellor
of the Exchequer. Minister of Muni.
t:linite
onsi,3Sr.ecretary for War. and PrimeMinister.
It Is a record without parallel In
modern times. Sir Robert Walpole, in
the first half ot the eighteenth cere
tury, was Prime Minister and Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer for twenty-
one years, and Lord Hardwick& sat on
the Woolsack for nineteen years.
* * *
For some years Sir William Sealer -
land, the new Junior Lord of the
Treasury and Scottish Coalition While
has been Mr, Lloyd Geurge's Perna-
raentary Secretary and right-hand
man. At a fair computation he has
been worth £10,000 a year to the
Prime Minister, although he is only
just over forty.
1 -lis constituency Is Argyllshire. and
because he is unmarried he was once
taken to task at a meeting there.
**Why," asked a woman, 'are you not
married ?"
"I am waiting for Bonnie Mary of
Argyll." promptly replied Sir William.
a rejoinder which effectually eaptured
the women's votes.
* *
Our Colonial eoldiers seem to have
played a considerable part in tile
growth of superstitious bellefe in this
country. One of the xnost persistent,
vfhick apparently was believed itt im-
plicitly by many Australians as 'well
as Canadians, is that the loss of a
silver coin should be followed by the
news of a legacy. To meet a white
donkey in the morning, the soldiers
say, should be interpreted as the
sign that a handsome present is an
the way. -Big Ben.
f.o.b., 317,75; do, do, country points,
317.50.
Montreal, April 6.—Butcher steers,
med., $11 to 311.75; corn., 39 to 310.50;
butcher heifers, med., 39 to 310.50;
corn., $7 to 39; butcher cows, med.,
37.50 to 39.50; canners, $5,25 to $5.50;
tutters, $5.50 to 36.50; buteher bulls,
tom., $7.50 to $9: Good veal, 315 to
316.25; med., 310 to 315. Ewes, $11
to 312.50. Lambs, good, $16 to 317;
come $15 to 316. Sows, off -car
weights, $16.
LONDON TYPISTS
RECEIVE 0. B. E.
Telephone Operator Among
Recipients of Imperial
Honors.
A despatch from London. says:—
Great Britain has begun to confer
Imperial honors upon stenographers
and telephone operators performing
distinguished services during the war.
The latest list of honors contains the
names of eight women typists created
"members of the Order of the British
Empire." Among them is Mrs. Alice
Alison, Premier Lloyd George's confi-
dential secretary, who was the only
woman witness to the delivery of the
peace terms to Germany at Versaides.
The other girls honored are em-
ployes of the Foreign, War, and Air
Ministries, including a War Office
telephone operator, Daisy Finch, and
Lily Nash; superintendent of the girl
messengers of the Air Ministry.
Navigation on Great Lakes
Will Open About. April 10
A despatch from Chicago says—
Navigation On the Gie4i; Lakes "will
open about April 10th, the Weather
P u i.c au predicts.
GO INSCDE_
MR ANS.te /Cr
,•••••••mosomompoomwassoniimio...monie
U.S. Navy Estirnates
Exceed Britain's
A despatch from, London says:—
His attention being called in the
House of Commons to the American
naval estimates, Wafter Hume Long.,.
First Lord of the Admiralty, entered
into a detailed comparison.
He showed that, at the current rate
of exIchange, when 43,040,000 for
end -of -the -war expenditure was sub-
tracted from the British estimates,
the American estimates were 344,-
000,000 in excess ot .t1 e British.
Moreover, while the personnel of the
British navy was being reduced, the
American estimates provided for an
increase an personnel. The First Lord
refrained from comment.
see.
Unknown Soldier
Arrives in Canada
A despatch from St. John. says:—
A pathetic case tame to light when
military headquarters staff here re-
ceived a telegram from Ottawa Aced-
fying them to meet on the arrival of
the steamship Grampian an unknown
Canadian soldier and to provide escort
for him to the military sanatorium at
Cobourg, Ont. This soldier has been
detained and -Wandering tibout Eng-
land for a year and a half. He WAS
shell shocked and does not know his
name or where he belongs. All merits
of identification are gone. He is be-
ing sent to Canada in the hopes that
something may lead to his identitiea-
Von. The Grampian docked on April
The choicest corks, conte from Al-
geria, which has 2,,eed,000 acres of
cork forests.
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