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The Exeter Advocate, 1917-9-6, Page 2e den Tdize ed,6Y A .TZeEearr. £air Mothers end daughters of all'ages 'are cordially Invited to write to tills. department. Initials onlywill be published with each question and It answer as a means of ientification, but full name and ddress must be Myatt in each letter. Write on one side of paper only. ` Answers yyili b• en' ailed direct if stamped and addressed envelope Is enclosed. Address all correspondence for thio department to.lilre. Helen Law. 2 Woodbine dive., Toronto, Mrs. T,:-1. To remove spots from. your suit, mix a little cornstarch into a paste with g'a'soline, rub this on the spots and let it remain until dry, then brush out with a whiskbroom and you. will find that unless the stains are very stubborn they have disappeared. Keep away from any fire while doing this. 2 A good freckle and sunburn lotion is 1 ounce of hydrogen peroxide, 1 ounce rosewater, and 2 ounces witch - hazel. Apply several times a day. 3. A dry, well -ventilated place, such as an attic, furnishes a good storage place for onions in winter, as slight freezing does not injure them, pro- vided they are not handled while froz- en. To keep well, onions must be matured and thoroughly dry. 4. It is said that eucalyptus oil will remove grease stains, from any kind of material without injuring it. Apply the oil with, a clean piece of flannel and rub the material gently until the stains disappear, common cause of tired and swollen feet is weak instep. Ex- amine for symptoms of flatfoot. Rheumatism is another very common cause. Take an alternative hot and cold foot bath at bedtime. Apply a moist pack to the feet over night—a moist towel covered with mackintosh and flannel.' Massage with cold cream is also useful. If varicose veins are present bathe in cold water twice daily and apply an elastic band- age or a cotton flannel bandage, cut on the bias about two and one-half inches in width. Lucie: -1. There are two "Domin- ions" in the Br:tish Empire, Canada and New Zealand. 2. The British Court is known as the Court of St. James's because the official residence of the King of England was at St. Tames's Palace from the reign of Wil- liam III. to the year 1837, in the reign of Victoria. In that year the Queen ,end all the rest of the royal family Moved to Buckingham Palace, so far as concerns board and lodging, mere physical facts. In theory the court still resides at the squat and ugly edifice of St. James's, and levees and drawing rooms ^ continue to be held there in support of the legal fiction. The, name of St. James appears in connection with the present edifice be- cause a hospital for lepers was occu- pied on the site before 1190 under de- dication to St. James the Less. In 1532 Henry VIII, took over the pro- perty from its monastic possessors, destroyed the buildings and erected the palace, of which Hans Holbein is said to have been the designer. While little of the old Tudor palace survive ed the fire in 1809 the chimney piece in the presence chamber displays the initials H. A. as a reminder that at the time it was constructed Anne Boleyn was Queen. 3. To correct stooped shoulders try to get out of the habit of allowing them to droop, and sleep with a very small pillow or none at all. Several tunes a day bring the forearms at a right angle with the arms, and place a broom -stick or other suitable stick in the angles thus form- ed in such a way that the stick will conte behind the back, and keep it there for a few minutes, walking if de- sired. Inflate the lungs often and in other ways develop your chest mus- cles. "Shoulder braces" are not re- commended. R.B.:—A good plain abundant din- ner, promptly served, is more popular with the threshers than a fancy one. The day before they are to come, bake pies and brown bread, then heat the former and steam the latter a few minutes while preparing dinner, which freshens both. In the morning stew a big kettle of apples with sugar en- ough to make a jelly-like juice over them, and these are very popular along with the ham or salt pork, which the men usually prefer to a chicken dinner. The pork fried brown and crisp and with plenty of rich milk gravy is liked along with mashed pota- toes, sliced onions and tomatoes. Green corn, in season, is always liked, while cole-slaw or boiled cabbage goes well with the pork. ediite Sion& The Seven Ducky-Daddles. There were sin eggs under Amanda Ducky-Daddle. When they hatched out she counted them: "One, two, three, four, five, six, seven! I can't believe it!" she cried. 'But there they were, seven downy balls! Amanda and her seven little Ducky Daddies lived near the pond. Every day she took them out and showed .them how to hunt under the grass for Worms . But before they left the house she cautioned them: "Keep close to me. If you stay away a big black Towser- Cat will hurt you; and perhaps he will eat you up. When I say, `Quack! Quack!' you must all come quickly." One day, when the seven little Ducky-Daddles were hunting for worms, Amanda saw something furry behind the gooseberry bush. "Quack! Quack!" she called loudly, and all of the Ducky-Daddles hurried under her wing. "Keep close to me. I see Towser- Cat behind the bush!" Mother Amanda continued sharply. And of course they all stayed close to their mother until Towser-Cat had gone away. Another day Amanda Ducky-Daddle had to go to town to buy rubbers for the seven little Ducky-Daddles. She called herchildren about her and wrapped them in their red knitted mufflers. One by one she kissed them good-bye and said, "Stay near the house, and if you see Towser-Cat run in quick and bolt the door." Then she took her umbrella, in case it should rain, and went out. Half an hour later the seven little Ducky-Daddles were hunting for worms, when Sammy, the oldest, saw something black'. behind a ` gooseberry bush. "Run, run; it's Towser-Cat!" he cried. They all rushed for the house, but Ezra Ducky-Daddle tripped over his red knitted Muffler. He felt a dread- ful scratch down his back, and he was sure that he had lost. •a lot offeath- f ers; but he scrambled up. and hurried into the house, where he helped his brothers bolt the, door. We hen. Amanda cam home ;.she found seven very frightened little Ducky-Daddles, "If you eat a great deal, you will soon be so big that Towser-Cat will not dare to chase you," she said to her°seyen frightened children. d`atsu r h An supper they ate all of their •• •an � milk, bread , d and 1even asked for mere. few days later da.'` A, Amanda Duck - Daddle had to go to market to buy a new broom, As it was raining, all of the little Ducicy-Daddles helped her into heed rubbers and then put on their owe'. Obe by one she kissed them good-bye and said, "Stay near the house, and if you see Towser-Cat run in quick and bolt the door." Then she took her umbrella and started for town. The little Ducky-Daddles were hunt- ing for worms, when Sammy saw something black behind the goose- berry bush. "Run, run!" he cried. "It's the Towser-Cat!" They all started for the house, but their rubbers were so heavy that they could hardly run and Towser-Cat soon caught up with them. Before the seven young Ducky-Daddles could shut the doro, his big black paw was inside. They all pushed the door as hard. as they could, but it would not shut. "Hold the door tight and I will pull the gooseberry net over him!" cried Sammy, jumping out of the window. "Look out for his claws!" Ezra call- ed excitedly, as Sammy pulled the net over Towser-Cat; when he was all tangled up the seven set up a shout; "Let's push him into the pond! Let's. push him into the pond!" Towser-Cat looked like a bundle of strings, as the seven excited Ducky- Daddles pushed him over and over., They rolled him down the hill, over the banking, and splash! into the pond. "Push him way out to the middle, where it's wettest," said Ezra. In the excitement all of the seven little Ducky-Daddles fell into the pond, and all of them lost their rub- bers as they tumbled over one anoth- er. "I've lost my rubbers!" called Sammy. "So have 1!" cried Ezra. And "So have I!" cried all of the others, and they swam out into the pond after their rubbers. • When they returned there was no Towser-Cat. He had scurried up the bank and run away. Now you know why Towser-Cat does not like the water... • How to Open a Book. Hold the -book with its back cn a smooth or covered. table; let the front board down, then the ,other, holding the leap*es in one hand while youopen a few leaves at the back, then a few -at the front, . and sd on, •alternately opening back and front, gently ;Press- ing open o en the sections till you ,reach the center of the` volume, 'Do this two or three time ,and your Will obtain the .est results., . Open volume b p violentlyor carelessl: in- any one place Y and you will likely break the back and cause a start in the leaves. Never force the back of the book. 1' �. "=•o' - ashless lilte p7enty f r t+sterand make good plants for shady spots.` , Liquidqud : 'manlire is good d for phlox, hollyhock, delphiniums and most other perennials. "It is now vital for the United King- dom and the Allies in Europe to ob- tain from Canada foodstuffs in far larger quantities than under, peace conditions;" says Lord Rhonda. THE CONSERVATION OF An Article Dealing With Two Subjects of Vast importance in the, Present Crisis, Namely, the Saving of Wheat Flour and. the Problem of Milk Supply, By Abby L. Mariatt, Specialist The enthusiasm with which the bread -makers (and breadwinners) of the country are attacking the problem of conserving wheatflour is shown by the appearance of new recipes for different types of bread designed to save wheat. All these recipes fall into general classes determined by what has been substituted for wheat, or by what grain or cereal or vegetable has been mixed with the wheat in order that less wheat need be used. Wheat, as it comes to the house- keeper's kitchen flour bin, is in three forms: white flour, whole wheat flour, and graham flour. The white is wheat ground and refined into a multi- tude of grades .,• The whole wheat in- cludes all constituents except the bran. The graham keeps everything, 'even the bran. In all, of course, there is variation dependent upon the manu- facttire • Wheat flours show a 'very starch content, low mineral ingredi- ents, and a medium amount of protein or tissue -building material. Add to wheat flours other starchy cereals or vegetables, such as riee or potato, end you 'ncrease the starch proportion of the whole. In like fashion any of the three elements of the flour niay be varied by the character of whatever other grains, cooked or uncooked, are added. Bear in mind this principle of sub- stituting some other ingredient for part of your wheat flour, for upon it is based the sort of "war bread" which, in various—forms, is a favorite with the recipe makers. This is "brown crumb bread." The TJse of Bread Crumbs When the first cook stove was in its infancy the use of bread crumbs in cookery was antique. Undoubtedly the ancient Romans used them; cer- tainly every housewife to -day knows that bread crumbs have their useful- ness in deep frying, in scalloped dishes, for puddings, for meat stuff- ings, and for decorating vegetables and meats. And at the present time many a wideawake housekeeper is realizing that bread crumbs may be used in bread making. Prepare the crumbs from stale bread left over from the table, from trimmings of crusts, or from dry rolls. Brown in the oven and .pulverize. Of course no bread should be used for this after it has begun to mould. After pulverizing, seal the crumbs" in jars into which moisture and .spores of mould cannot penetrate. The method of utilizing the crumbs is practically. uniform. The bread sponge is made in orthodox fashion, with milk or wa- ter, with salt, sugar, and shortening, yeast and flour. Then the pulverized crumbs are added to form the sponge into a dough. Some declare that 50 per cent. of the flour ordinarily used is saved. But if the wheat flour em- ployed is low in gluten (that tough, elastic property of wheat flours) then something less than 50 per cent. of crumbs must be used. Any wo- man with a taste for 'experimentation will be willing totryout different pro- portions until she learns just how much of other products she can use in her wheat bread and still attain the spongy, elastic loaf which the family relishes. Many who have tried this declare that the result is nearly identical evitli regular whole wheat bread, differing only in its darker color and its sweet and nutty flavor due to the browning of the crumbs. Hotel -men have seemingly utilized this type of "crumb" bread extensive- ly, and declare that their patrons have been most enthusiastic. And the con- scientious housekeeper seeking econ- omy should not scorn such ' a source of experimentation, For, whereas many a woman at home has always cooked in a stereotyped, rule - of -thumb way, practicing economy in Scientific Ilome Management. only when it happened to suit her, the hotelkeeper always has to make both ends meet, He knows. Milk is a Most Valuable Food One never speaks of mifk without thinking of the child, and in any dis- cussion of voluntary saving of foods during the present crisis, the rights of the child stand first, For, in the last analysis, the future of any nation is determined by 'the care which it to- day gives to the child. Nature has stated, in no uncertain terms, that mills is the 'essential food of infants and ,the young child. All experiments to -day prove that we have made no advance over nature in any attempt to substitute other foods for this essential in the diet of the child. Not that milk is an ideal food. It is, however, the nearest approach to an ideal food for the child that we have. Given alone it is not satisfactory beyond the first few months and must be supplemented by other foods which will supply ; the necessary mineral matter in the forni of iron to aid in building the red blood corpuscles. Even the modification of milk will im- prove the diet for the child. This niay :be accomplished through the ad- dition of water in which cereals have soaked. Milk and cereals are very satisfac- tory combinations for the young, as the milk supplements the mineral de- ficiencies of the grains and fur:nishes the absolutely essential st imulant'for growth. As a stimulant to growth, milk, along with the yolk of egg, stands at , the head of the list. Both of these contain fat soluble substance. If these are omitted from the diet, the child is retarded in growth, and such a serious case of malnutrition may result that the child may die. It is for these reasons that to -day the pressing need is to encourage the dairy -industry. On the size of the dairy herds and the measure of their milk production will depend the abil- ity to safeguard the health and nutri- tion of the people. Not that adequate nutrition may not be secured with- out the use of milk, but with the high prices of food to -day, there is no ad- vice that can be given to the mother of a family that is of more importance than to continue to supply milk for the young child of the family. Variety of Milk Dishes The fact that the growth stimulants may be increased through the use of the green leaves of -•such plants as spinach, beet and turnip, tops, dande- lion, chard, water cress, lettuce, en- dive and cabbage is not so well known as it should be. Older people can getthis essential food product from these sources. This growth stimulant is supplemented by the use of butter and skim milk in the preparation of food used at the table. Every housekeeper knows the in- finite variety of foods that may be prepared with milk; creamed vege- tables of every kind; creamed gravies, using all kinds of meat,poultry,fish and game. Creamed sauces used -as a basis of vegetable soups and cheese dishes. Croquettes and souffles will give the peculiar value of the milk, along with the other great value of the vege- 1 tables or meats, the mineral matter, flavor and energy, and in most of the cases enough of the protein, or tissue building, for adequate growth. i•' Do not throw away any sour milk. The use •of it should be' encouraged as an essential part In the prepara- 'tion of the •quick bread, cakes and some sauces. Where the amount left .` over is sufficient, it may Le used to ' make cottage cheese: But also save the whey from the cottage cheese for it should be used in bread making and some types of soups, in order that the valuable mineral •matter of the milk may not be wasted. INTERNATIONAL LESSON SEPTEMBER 9. Lesson XI. The Benefits of Total Ab- stinence (Temperance Lesson)— Daniel 1. Golden Text-- Dan. ext-Dan. 1, 8. Verses 1-7 furnish the historical background of the incidents, sub- sequently related. Among the exiles carried from Judah to Babylon were four young men who were appointed, to receive thein; education at the royal court. Provision was made that they should have the same kind of food and drink as was served owthe royal table; Verses 8-10, Loyalty • of the four young men to their religious convic- tions. Defile -The defilement might be due to several causes: ('1:) the'neeat might come from unclean anirials, ;(2) the animals might pot.liave !been killed in the proper mariner;' (3) the••fpod and drink might have 'been consecrat- ed to'a Babylonian :diets, Tliese,'are all ceremonial :consider"atibreel bud' it must boremeinber ed that by the .later' Jews ceremonial:'uncleanness was pl'ae,• ed on the' same level :as notmal; 1m- clean ,ess; ' Eunuch Eunuchs , #ire still eon -triton at the courts of Oriental. rulers. l+ ie cl lcindnoss —Jehovah''show- ed his appreciation of the fidelity of the young men by making their Blot• easier; he made the official in charge of them kindly disposed. Worse looking—Through lack of sufficient or proper food. 11-16. A. successful experiment. Though the chief of the ccrnuchs did not grant Daniel's request, the latter felt that it was safe to push the case.. He, therefore, persuaded' their ' over- seer to try them`for a short- time on a vegetable diet. He aggreed, and when the experiment proved a success the `.`unclean" food .::-Was withdrawn permanently. Steward—A subordin- ate official,who was in personal chat'ge of Daniel and his companions. Pulse -the reference is to vegetable food in general. Fairer . fatter—The thought is that in recognition of their fidelity, Jehovah •gave exceptional food value to the vegetable products they ate. 17-20. God rewarded their faithful- ness further by bestowing extraordin- ary intellectual gifts. Learning --Bet- ter, literature. Wisdom—Better; science, The young men surpassed all others a,. their knowledge and apprecia- tion of literature and science. Daniel excelledalsoin unique prophetic pow- ers. Stood before—They were ap- pointed personal attendants of the king. Magicians enchanters -- The two terms may be used here with a very general meaning—men of learning. The divinely bestowed •visc!orn of the young Jews was far superior to the learning of the wise men of Babylonia. Thus fidelity and abstinence received their' reward, Thick necked onions are useless for keeping. Be careful to select'. onions a thin if with neck they arewanted ,for keeping; AV. t i "`�+i ' r 'I 1 1 I I I �� t1'71�._, .�.r>� - pRfY�; aY'.. ➢ '.� �' tG�.,,� ur�o. >, fr p 1� !{ l„�1� kV G''+,'YVw\S,.sf�'1?. '•' h i��`. �'t� Iiir a I' 4��” •cr+�� i'.�e��• �+1y�,4.1 '• ��4t.AJti�i,:�,.V.i.41,�r<cni%?."1' Conducted by Professor` Henry G. Bell. The object of this department Is to place at that✓ service of our farm readers the advice of an acknowl- edged authority on all subjects pertaining to soils and crops. Address all questions to Professor Henry G. Bell, In care of The W iison Publishing Company, Limited, To- ronto, and answers will appear In this column In the order in which they are received. Asspace is limited that It Is advisable where. immediate reply is necessary h® >'%••' be enclosed with tam ed and addressed cs henry G. Bell. question, when the answer will be mailed direct. Question-A.F :-I have a five -acre will get better results than you would field with good natural drainage, otherwise. which I want to get into int alfalfa next In order to still furtherinsure a !year. It was well rnanured two years' catch, I would advise drilling in '204 ago, and sowed to wheat; not seeded to 300 lbs. of fertilizer per acre, as last year. Plowed last fall, and beans advised in anstver to A. F. • p this spring planted t hi i >• tivit hout fertilizer. Question-13.K.':—I have a field that 1 Shows a-ood stand of beans. The is seeded to clover on the north half, g , soil needs lime. Will youy kindly '.tell and the south part is in corn this yeae. me the best way to start the alfalfa, I wish to use the whole field for cow also when and how to lime the soil? pasture next year. What can I sow on Answer:—When the beans are the south part that will make good harvested have the ground plowed pasture? deeply. As soon as the soil is dry en Answer:—After the corn has been ough to work next spring, apply a harvested,;I would advise you to fall - dressing of ground limestone at the plow this part of the field and as soon rate of at least a ton per acre. Work as the soil will work in the spring, sow this into the soil by disking and har- the following mixture:—one bushel rowing. About two weeks later sow each of wheat, rye and barley. For a bushel to a bushel and a half of bar- pasture purposes it will not make any ley as a nurse crop at the same time difference whether you use fall wheat seeding with 20 to 25. pounds of good or spring wheat for spring seeding. alfalfa seed per acre. - In order to in- With good weather this pasture should sure a good catch of alfalfa, I would come along so that you can use it in advise theaddition of 200 to 300 six weeks. Avoid pasturing too pounds of fertilizer per acre. This heavily, and on the other hand, avoid can be drilled in •at the same time the allowing any of the grain to come to seed is sown, if the seed drill has a head. This mixture has given good fertilizer distributing attachment. If results on many farms in. Ontario and , not, the fertilizer can be broadcasted in tests at Ontario Agricultural Col - the same as was the lime and worked lege. into the soil by a light harrowing just Question—W.F.:-I have three acres previous tothe time the grain and of land which I plowed up last spring alfalfa seed is sown. This fertilizer being old sod with some June grass, should carry from 2 to 4% ammonia and put it into barley. Could I work and from 8 to 12% available phos- it good now and sow part of it to phonic acid. It would be well also to sweet clover this fall for pasture next have 1 or 2% potash, if it is obtain- summer? It is first class clay loam able, nice and level and dry. Would you ad- Question—H.H.; I have an eight- vise me what would be my best course acre field which I want to sow to oats . to take to have good pasture for next in the spring. This piece of land is summer? sandy loam' and in a fair state of Answer:=I would not advise the fertility, having been covered with growth of sweet clover for pasturage manure in the last two years. It pro- next spring. I have examined this duced a good crop of corn this year. crop as it grows in the Eastern half I want to get this field seeded to cloy of this continent and have not been Me- er, no clover having been grown on it pressed with its usefulness as a pas - for the last six years. How would ture or hay crop. you advise sowing the clover to in- On sandy soils where there is a sure a catch? Would you inoculate desire to increase the organic matter the seed? I have clover chaff from rapidly, sweet clover can be grown about 25 loads of clover seed. Could and plowed under to good effect. this be used to inoculate by spreading If you wish next summer's pas- on the 'field after it is plowed and ture for temporary purposes ` only,— worked in the soil with a harrow? that is, for the one summer, -I would Answer: -After the corn has been advise you to work the ground as you ,harvested, deeply fall plow the soil indicate and to sow a mixture of rye and in the spring apply a ton to a ton,and winter wheat this fall. As soon and a, half of ground limestone per as the crop has made a fair spring acre. Work this in with a careful !growth, it will be ready for pasturing disking and harrowing. In sowing a and will continue to give good pas - mixture, of clover -and timothy, you turage as long as you prevent the can profitably use 10 lbs. of clover and grain from coming into head. 4 lbs. of alsike to the acre, as well as As soon as the snow begins to go 5 or 6.lbs.'of. timothy seed. Make sure off in the spring, I would advise you that you -get good vital seed. That is, to sow 10 lbs. per acre of common red have: your seed ,purchased by early clover seed on the rye and wheat spring. Count out a couple of hun- ground. The alternating thaws and dred seed as an average sample. frosts will work this seed into the Place these -between two damp blot- ground and the young clover will come ters:; Keep the blotters medium damp along so as to fill, up the bare spaces but not soaked.- Place ` them on a and to make a substantial backing to plate and keep •the seed near some the grain pasture. source of warmth. In a week or ten If you wish to seed your ground to a days the seed should have sprouted mixture that you want to stand for sufficiently to ascertain the percent of two or three years, I would advise you good strong seed.If only 75% of to work it as you recommend this fall, the seed germinates strong, increase and 'seed ' it to a light sowing of win- your seeding about 25%. ter wheat or rye, say one bushelper I would advise inoculating the seed acre; also sow timothy seed at the but not by mixing it with clover chaff. rate of 6 or 8 lbs. to the acre. As Write to Prof. D. H. Jones of the Bac- Soon as the winter snows begin to go teriological Department of Ontario off, sow a tmixture of 6 lbs. of common Agricultural College, Guelph, and ob- red clover and 4 lbs. of ,alsike per acre tain a 'culture for clover seed from as recommended above. Cut the him. This bottle of material con- wheat as soon as it is ripe so as to tains the pure line of bacterial .life give the grass and clover mixture an that lives on the roots of the clover opportunity to make a good sub - seed. Apply this as directed and you stantial growth. Too many breeders are so anxious to get returns that they breed young sows before they are developed. The result is that the sow never turns out to be what she would have had she attained her growth before farrowing. The best cross to produce pigs for bacon is one between pure-bred boars and sows of the same breed. To speak plainly, crossing of breeds is rather risky except inthe hands of one who thoroughly understands breeding, and such men do not practise it to any ex- tent. Many newly -born pigs die immedi- ately after delivery just for lack of a helping hand. If a sow farrows nine pigs and loses three, a loss of one- third is experienced; but few look at the matter in that light. They col gen- erally tsider themselves fortunate that the other two-thirds of the litter pulled through. About three weeks before oze farrowin gr pregnant sows may . begiven a r g v glean consisting of nine parts of rolled bar- ley and one part of tankage, or three pounds of. 'skim -milk' to one pound of the barley: This method of feeding will insure strong, lusty, active new- born pigs. Although . uyour. choicest g young animals fail to win ribbon s at the fairs, the efforts for better stock have not been wasted, improper feeding impairing diges- tion, or too much dry feed will cause hens to become crop bound, which is indicated by loss of`appetite and dis- tended crop followed by difficult breathing. Give teaspoonful castor oil; knead the crop. If this fails to give relief an operation could be performed as a last resort. , Poultry are naturally of a hardy na- ture. It is mainly on account of some neglect that they become diseased. A smooth plumage is noticeable in fowls possessing good health, and the comb and wattles arebright red in • color, The droppings, too, are more or less hard, of a dark -brown color and cap- ped with white. Otherindications of good health are a bright eye, a good appetite and an active gait. As a summary, birds that are bright, active, with keen appetites,: clear eyes, red comb, smooth plumage, clean lege -the male that crows, "talks," fights and digs; the female that scratches, "sings" and lays—are birds that enjoy x good" health; from suchcan be epect- cd healthy chicks. tr There is not much hope for the man who is all the time shifting from one breed to another;. Get a good one and stick to it like a dog to a root. You wilt will.