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The Exeter Advocate, 1917-5-17, Page 7
VICIQUS FIGHTING. CONTINUES AT FRESNOY AND BOI.LECO[iRT British Take Another Portion of the German Trenches; Defending Lens and its Coal Fields. A despatch: from ;London says: The Germans are their keeping e up great reat _ P 6_ in- tensity offensive against the. Bri- tish around n Fr s e oy and to the east of Bullecourt, but are being hard held by Field Marshal Haig's forces. The village o Fresnoy apparently remains in the hands of the Germans after its recapture Tuesday, but the Canadians and South Englanders are still holding vantage points around it, from which the Germans are vainly endeavoring to expel them and put an end to their harassing fire, °t To the east of Bullecourt, where the British have established themselves a scant two miles from the outskirts, of Queant, the Germans. 'are "y strblin g hard to push back the British to pre- vent the capture of the southern end of the Drocourt-Queant line, which Markets of the World Breadstuff0 No. ol Torfkctonto,& ciuMota 115n.--t$,11,a.nitoba wheat-- atio M:anitoba puts -No official quotation:;.. Amerioala coin ---No 3. yellow, '$1.71, nominal, subject to entbe:rgo, track To - route, Ontario oats -No, 2 white, 76 to 780 nominal; No, 3 white, 75 to,77c, nomintcl,. according to freights outside. Ontario wheat -No. 2 Winter, per car lot, $2,98 to $3.00; No, 3 do„ $2.00 to .-,,,. 32,98, according to freights outside, would prove of great menace to Peas --No, 2, nominal, aecorc1thI to, the important' town of Calnbrai. The ftdlttrtt'e outside. B r1ey--114alting, $1,40 to $1,42, notni- viciousness'of the battle is indicated (( nal, according to freights. outside, the German ffi'i lunicat on f Rte --No. 2, $1.93 to $1.96, notuinal,. by Ge ins 0 4 &, ?X1 acoording to Freights outside. which announces that the fight for the village is of a -.fluctuating nature. The British evidently have Blushed a Manitoba. flour -First patents, :in luta, bags, $16.00; second patents, in jute bags $14,50,; strong bakers, in jute bags, $14,10, Toronto, stepforward toward the capture of Qntario four -Winter, aecordinl to surnple, $12,00 to $12.60; in bags, traokc 'the town of Lexis;; and the important ? of cut°, :prompt, siilpment. coal fields in its immediate vicinity. Miilfeed-Cas• loth, delivered Montreal Riverduringa..f 4 Ights, bags included -Bran, peri ton,• South of the Souchez $.2; shorts, per ton, $42; middlings, per, night attack another portion of the toil, good Reed flour, per:bag, $3,00 Hay -Extra No. 2, per ton, $12 to ,313; mixed, per, ton, $9 to 311,60, track -To- ronto, Straw -Car lots, per ton 38,60 to $9, track Toronto. German front and support lines, to- gether with a number of ,prisoners, was captured. c For the most part the line where the French are facing the Germans Country Produce-Wholssale is undergoing a period of comparative Butter -Fresh dairy, choice, 39 co 40o: calm, except for artillery duels '" and creamery prints, 43 to 46o; solids, 42 to small Ger, plan ` counter-attacks, none 43 c. Eggs -New -laid, in cartons, 44 to 45c; of the latter of which met with suet out or cartons, 420. Dressed "poultry -Chickens, 26' to 28c; cess. fowl, 24 to 25c; ducks, 22 to tic squabs, per dozen., 34.09 to $4.60; turkeys, 30 32c. Cheese -New, large, 271j 'to 28c; twins, Pensive beganwe have taken twice 27 to 284c; triples, 233 to,283c;; old, large, 29c; twins, 294c. the number of prisoners, four times Honey -White clover, 24 -ii tins, 14;3 the amount of ground, and five times to 15e; 6 -Ib tins, 144c;,10 -1b, 138c; ' 60 -Ib, 13c; buckwheat, 6o -ib tins, to to 10ic, .numof guns taken in the Comb honey -extra fine and heavy. Stheommebere offnsive. The British and weight, per doz., $2.76; select, $2:50 to $2.75; No. 2, $2 to $2,2.5_ French between them have captured H SPI 0 AL WING yy , CANADIAN GIFT Queen Officiates at Opening of New Section of Naval Institution. "A despatch from London says: - The inauguration of the new wing of the Hasler Royal Naval Hospital at Portsmouth on Wednesday by the Queen was the final achievement of a movement initiated at the outbreak 'of war by certain Canadian ladies. Miss Plummer, secretary of the Field Com- forts, claims. to have made the original suggestion for the hospital -ship,: and which found the ready support of Mrs. Gooderham, Mrs. Ellen' Bruce' and Lady Drummond, with the result that ,$250,000 was collected. `Of this, $100,- 000 was handed to the War Office for Military use. Another amount was devoted to the building of a wing to the Chatham Naval Hospital and the balance to Hasler. ` As the author- ities. decided against the hospital ship the scheme for provinding a hospital for naval nurses was accepted. This new wing overlooking the most fain - sus naval centre of Britain `bears a suitable inscription 'on behalf of the women of. Canada. : The opening ceremony by her Ma- jesty was quiet' but impressive, and Sir George Perley's speech handing it 'dyer, emphasize'd°'•'"tlie ` magnitude of the war work carried out by Canadian women. A considerable number of Cana- dians availed- themselves of the in- vitation to travel on the Royal train to Portsmouth, and .they were favor- ably impressed with this permanent memorial of the Dominion's interest in the welfare of the navy. "LOAN FOR I3ELGII311 DAILY WAR COST IS $37,0009000 Average Expenditure of Great Britain for Military Operations. A despatch from London "says: -In the House of Commons on Wednesday Right Hon. Bonar,.Law, Chancellor of the Exchequer, referring to the west front, said the rapidity of the attack had forestalled the enemy, who had to fight in the open, with heavy losses, because he had not had time to pre- pare trenches. Since April 1 we had taken 20,000 prisoners, 257 guns, 227 trench mortars. While in the first 24 days of the Somme• drive we advanced three and one-half miles on a six -mile front, we had now advanced from two to five miles on a 20 -mite front, where there were twice... as many German divisions against us as on the Somme and half: of them -had to be withdrawn ALMS CAPTURE 50,000 TEUTONS Total of 450 Gins Also Taken in Spring Offensive. A despatch from London says: The recent partial success of the Germans at Fresno,; on the ,Arras front in France, has not upset the British plans of operation nor' has it caused surprise, said Major-General Freder- ick B. Maurice, Chief Director of Mili- tary Operations at the War Office, in his weekly statement on Thursday. As a (natter of °fact, the General add- ed, the British Staff has been surprised that the. Germans have not succeeded before in making gains in view of the tremendeeas counter-attacks which they have been hurling against the British front. , The Chief Director con- tinued: `Bodies of Teutons continually have been sent against the British over open ground without any apparent regard for casualties, ,but the British have held: their line when it might have been expected they would give way, and have inflicted tremendous losses 'on their opponents. "During' the month since the of - Maple syrup -imperial gallon, $1.65 to Some 50,000 prisoners and 450 guns. Pot t On t ack, Ontario pet bag $1.75. a.oes- r 33,75 to 34.00; New Brunswick Dela. wares, per bag, $4.25; Albertas, per bag, 34.00. Beans -Imported, • hand-picked, - per bushes, 37.00; Canadian, hand-picked,.. per bushel, 37.75 to $8.00; ,Canadian primes, per bushel, $7.50; Limas, per lb, 18 to 19c.,. From The. Middle West B1F:TWEEN ONTARIO AND BR1- TISU COLUMBIA. Items from Provinces Where Many Ontario Boys and Girls Are Living. Four hundred trees were planted in Henderson Park Lethbridge, last week. This is the latest spring the Koote- nay valley has known be almost , 25 years.farming One bigconcern at New Dayton, Alta., had 200 acres seeded last week. A farmer in the' vicinity of High River, Alta., sold 4,000 bushels of wheat last week at $2.24 per bushel. He has still 18,000 bushels of grain on hand. At least 500 cars of potatoes will be shipped from Alberta to the United States this spring. Alberta's provincial police are to be more closely modelled after the R N. W. M, P. in regard to 'uni- forms, mounts, etc: The British Columbia branch of the Great War Veterans has-been formed. Sergt. Charles Pendry, a Creston re- cruit, was killed in action recently. A six-year-old' Vulcan boy,.whose leg was broken, crawled on his hands and knees quite a distance to- ward his home before he was discov I£ this is the result of defeatth , we are willing to o on being ein defeat- sled. Retail price of flour in Prince Al - g g beet, Sask., jumped 20 cents per hun- dred one day last week, and two days afterwards another 20 -cent rise was announced, $6.50 and $6.40 being the prices last named. On the arrival of a troop train at Cranston, B.C., recently, the marriage of Quartermaster-Sergt. Mures. and Miss Mamie Folds was celebrated in the dining car while the train.made its usual 10 -minute stop. Because of heavy snowfalls in the Rocky Mountains a warning to the re - Famous Russian General Is sidents of Edmonton of the possibility NEW OFFENSIVE Provisions -Wholesale Smoked meats -Hams, .medium, 29 to 30c; do., heavy, 25 to,26c; cooked, 40 to 41c; rolls, 26 to 27c; breakfast bacon, 30 to 35e; backs, plain, "34 to 35c; boneless, 36 to 38c. Lard -Pure lard, tierces, 264 to 204c; tubs, 288 to 2f3c; palls, 263 to 27c; com- pound, tierces, 203 to 204e; 'tubs, 204 to 20ic; pails, 205 to 21c. Cured meats -Long clear bacon, 24 to 25e per IV; clear bellies, 24 to 25e. Montreal Markets Montreal, Mal' ' 15.-Oats-CanaTgl Western, No. 2,87 to 88c; No. 3, 86 to 870 extra No. 1 feed, 86 to 87c, Barley - Manitoba feed, $1.1.9 to 31.20,- Flour - Manitoba Spring wheat patents, firsts $li.l0; seconds; $14.00; strong bakers' 314.40; Winter patents, choice' $14.50 straight rollers, -$14:00 to 31:4.30• do bags, $6.75' ,0 36.90. Rolled oats- Bb1e,, ,$8.50" to $8.75; do, bags, 90 lbs„ $4.25 to 34.50. ` Bran, 543. Shorts, $46, Middlings, $43 to $50.• Mouillie, 35'2 -to $57. Hay -No. 2, per• ton; car lots, 313 ' to 313.50. Butter -Choicest creamery, 421c; seconds, 41 to 412c, Eggs -Fresh, 44c; No. ,1 stock, 42c. Pota- toes--Per•bag, car lots, 33.75 to 34.00.• Our casualties in the present offen- sive were from 50 to .75 per cent. less than on the Somme. Our success was largely due to our distinct artillery superiority, in connection wits which the Chancellor paid a warns tribute to the flying corps. 4 STEEL SHIPI3IIIL DING DIRECTOR CHOSEN W. I. Gear Appointed by the Imperial Munitions Board -Govt. Action Expected. A despatch from 'Ottawa says: - The Imperial Munitions Board an- nounced o11 Wednesday night that W. I. Gear of the Robert Refold Com- pany, Montreal, has been appointed to take charge, under the board, of steel merchant ship construction in FROM UNITED STATES I Canada-. f or the British Government.. Mr. Gear will establish an office at Ottawa, and will at once assume the duties of his` position. It is under- stood that Sir Robert Borden on his Will Remove Heavy .Burden From Great Britain and France. A -despatch from Washington says: return to Canada will at once take up -The United States has arranged to the question of further stir make a loan of $75,000,000 to Belgium I iu Canada, shipaullding in Lanada, this being one which will be expended by the Belgian ed the most important. �,phases of The loan will be advanced at the • Canadian co-operation in war work rate. of $12,500,000 a month,of which ch $7,000,000 will' be available: for relief inBelgium and $5,000,000 for.relief in Relief Commission ged by the Imperial authorities in London: Northern France, By making the loan the United States will take .the burden of the re- lief of Belgium and France` from the shoulders of Great Britain and France r' and conduct it from this country so far as possible. IL 5. EXPERTS LEAVE FOR CAPITAL - Every Assistance to Russian Railroads Will Readily be Furnished A despatch from Washington- says: Y -The LTnited States Railroad Com- mission 46 the. Russian Government left Washington off Wednesday for g'etrogriul, .where it will give as - a c. tlur.ances to th., Russian national auth- orities that this .country stands ready to furnish. all the rolling stock and, other mateni'al that may be needed to R increase the capacity and efficiency bf, the Russian and Siberian railroads, ALLIED DIA CHINE IS IRRESISTIELE A despatch from Rome "says:- Rudyard' Kipling, who has been at the front in France, and•Las been making a short stay in Rome, compares the British army to'a machine workin perfectly that no human' power can arrest it. He expresses the greatest, admiration for the work of the French and British, which, he says, the Ger-' leans are now powerless to check. The 1 ,ses the heaviest in history -which they have incurred by their efforts to do so, must end, he says, in affecting the morale both of the army and the civil population of Germany. gSO' "Can she be seen?" sniggered Kath- leen. "Shure, an Oi think she can; she's six .feet high,.and four feet wide! Can she be even ?-' ,Sor, ra a bit of any- thing ilse can ye see whin she's about." 5A'i, ToM, ARE y0U GOING FISHING UP•To TIE. LAi(E• AGAItd'T1S .5.umMER CI GUESS YHA DUMcN 'WILL Ga .. 15 URE ARRANGE IT, 1 t eAcyczp EVERY 'TIME Ti•4I1dIr OF IT, REmemae some OF Toe BIG a©vm VdE POI-LEq o0T' LST SUt4MER1 1Ni'wetpeg Grain Winnipeg, May 15. -Cash prices: - Wheat -No.: 1 Northern, 32.94; No. 2 Northern, 59.91; No, 3 Northern, $2.86; No. 4,' $2,74; No. 5, 32.49; No. 6, 51.90; feed, 31 45.. Oats --No. 2 C.W., 813c; No 3 C.W., 784c•<extra No. 1 Feed 780c. Bat ley -No, 3. 31.29; No. 4,31.24; rejected, 31.D2';,,feed, 31.02. Flax --No., 1 N.'W,C., $3.33$;'No. 2 C.W., 33.30; N0 3 C.W., 33.167:. United States Markets Minneapolis, May 15. -Wheat, may, $$.02; July, 32.71., Cash: No. 1 hard, to 534.164.$Corn, No. 3 yellow,Et51.561 to 31.582. Oats, No. 3 white, 703 to 724c. Flour, fancy patents, 316,30; first clears, $14.00; other grades unchanged. Bran, 334.50 to 535.00. , Duluth, May 15. Wheat, No. 1 hard, No,23; 2iNorthern 33. 1 1.115;nMay,20 to 53.20;$July, 52,23 asked. Linseed,' $3.60; May,' $3.59; July, 33.49; Septomher, $3.413; October, Sive Stock Markets Toronto, May 15: -Extra choice steers, 51.2.00 to 312.65; choice heavy, steers, 511.35 to $11,76; good heavy steers, 310.50 to $10.75; butchers' cattle, choice, 511 50 to 3;11.75 do., good,' $10:50 t 311.00; do., lneilium,$9':75 to $10.00; do., common. 30.85 to": 39.15; butchers' bulls, choice, 310.50 to 311.00; do., medium' bulis, $8.50 to 59.00; do., rough bulls, $6.40 to 36.50; Jut ti choice, 310.00 to -510.75; do., good, 39.00 to 33.75; do., medium, 37.00 to 37.25; stock- ers,37.50 to 39.00; feeders, .39.50 to 10.25; canners and cutters, 35.50 to 86,28- milkers good to 'choice, 385.00 to $125; do., con and med., acii, $40 to 360.00; springers, 360.00 to 3110.00; light ewes, 312.00 to 515.00; sheep heavy, 38.50 to $10.00; calves, good to choice, 51.2.00 to 513.00; spring lambs, each; 39.00 to $1.4.50; lambs, ,choice, 314.50, to I 316.25; do., medium,' 31:0.50 to :31.2.50; hogs, fed and waterecl,, 316.85 to $17.00; 1, do.,weighed 'off eats, 517.10 to $17.25; do, f.o.b., 516.15 to 1.6,40. Montreal, May a 15. -Choice y s r Lees 312.25" to 4].3.75; good, $11:75 to $12; I lower grades, 39.75; butchers' cows, 39 to $11; bulls; 31.0 to 311.'75; calves 35.50 to 311; spring limbs, 38 to, 312; 010 sheep, $10 10 $11,' selected hogs $17.75 to 318. • One Hundred All Right. Two Englishmen were one day walling along a road in I{erey when they met an 'Irishman. "How•,many; of us are here now?"' they asked jokingly. "I'm not such an :omadhatrir as all that," said Pat. `There's 100 of us," "Oh,', said the Englishman, "how do you make out that?" "Well," said Pat. "I am the one and you are the two • naughts." en are, going to keep on going. The Ar- ras offensive is much bigger than the Somme, and our next offensive will be bigger than Arras:• ti , RUSZKY REMOVED MOVED FROM M 0 COMMAND. 3,000,000 TONS OFSHIPSYEARLY Program, of British ' Shipping Minister to Meet the Sub Menace. A despatch from London sas:-•a Y During a disdussion of the Shipping, problem in the House of Lords on Thursday, Earl Curzon said that the Admiralty had the first claire and the first call on the national shipbuildin resources. , The resulttheBritish h of B 1t naval program, he stated, would ;be. that after the war` Great Britain's naval tonnage would exceed the naval, tonnage of all the other nations of the world. In making; his statement in the House of'Lords, Lord Curzon an, flounced that the, program of the Min.' inter of, Shipping provided for the cre- ation each year of mercantile shipping aggregating 3,000,000 tons gross.: The Government, said Lord; Curzon, was taking the most drastic steps in its power to acquire merchant ships by building or purchase, and' after the war, he predicted,' the British mar- cantile fleet would be equal to or bet- . ter that. before the war. Lord Curzon gave figures showing tLat before the war the United King- dom had 45.3 per cent.. of the mer- cantile ships under 1,600 tons each, and 45.2 per cent. in December, 1916, In ships exceeding 1,600 tons each, he said, the United Kingdom had in June, 1914,, 3,900 vessels of gross ton- naage totalling 16,900,000 tons. - The corresponding figures in March, 1917, he said,. were 3,500 ships aggregating nearly 16,000,000 tons. If the Shipping Minister's program was to be realized; it would be neces- sary, he eces-sary,he said, to provide an additional 100,000 workmen and 'to` double tha weekly supply of steel, while, at the same time, allowing the present Ad- miralty program to proceed. of a big flood in the 'Saskatchewan 1 .: I MACEDONIA Superceded ercede d on the River thissummer is giveno p by those who have recently travelled through Northern Front. the section. ANOTHER MORAL TRIUMPH. British Attack on Four -Mile A despatch from Petrograd says General Ruszky has been removed from the chief command of the army on the northern, front. He remains, .However, a •membr of the Council of War. The Moscow executive` committee of the Workmen's- and Soldiers' Dele- gates is opposed to the, idea of a coali- tion Government, and advocates the immediate summoning of an all -Rus - Sian congress of `sol'diers' and work- men's delegates. eZhe Provisional Government will, oevever, insist 'on coalition in order to'.£orce the Socialists to share in the responsibility of the government. of the country, .They have repeated' the appeal recently issued warning the people against anarchy and civil' war, with a possible return to despotism. SINGING CANARY BIRDS. Supply Has Been Cut Off by the War and Prices Are High. ;One of the sidelights of the great war is furnished by the disappearance from the market of singing canary birds, of which many thousands were formerly imported annually from Ger- many, where their breeding and train- ing occupied many of the peasants of the Hartz Mountains and neighboring districts. War conditions, it is said, have caused the birds practically to disappear in ,the ,Idartz. The services of:the inhabitants have been other- wise required and the birds have lack ed their, customary supplies of food, so that'the region will have to be restock- ed after the war before a fresh. sup- ply of the familiar songsters is avail- able. for export. As a consequence, the price of canaries, which before the war •was about $3 or $4 in Chicago b if•d stores, has jumped to 12 and there are few to be had at any price. U-BOAT "KILLER" IS ENDORSED. Author of Gyroscope Submits Plan That Amazes Naval Experts. A despatch from Washington says: It was learned Wednesday 'night on unquestionable authority that the Na- val'Consulting Board has submitted to Secretary Daniels and his advisers a i definite, and completed plan to cope with. the German U-boats which has, . proved a revelation to the best tech- nical brains in the service here. China's Victory Over Opium is Bright Chapter in Her History. Moral triumphs seem sometimes very slow to win, and yet every day brings one to its consummation. At last the Indian opium traffic with China has come to an end, and Britain wipes out an old and ugly stain, and the new republic is. emancipated from a great evil. In 1907 the British Government en- tered into an agreement with the Chinese Government, fixing, a ten years' limit to the importation of In- dian opium into China, and the ten years expired on the 31st of March last. China had herself more than lived up to her park of the bargain as to the reduction of the cultivation of the poppy and the. consumption of opium; in fact, the edict prohibiting both was promulgated in. 1906. The story of the thrusting of opium upon China makes a dark chapter in the history of Anglo -Chinese relations, and there will be' great satisfaction in. the fact that at last that chapter, as far as may be, has been blotted out. And China's victory over the opium habit is certainly one of the most re - .markable and splendid chapters in her history. The only parallel to it in modern times has been Russia's vic- tory over the drink•evil. ss SAVE THE HEIFER. Number of Cattle Decreasing, Price of Food' Rising.. The first step to reduce the high of food, according to W. Scott Matthews, state, dairy and food com- missioner of Illinois, should be the passage of a federal law forbidding' the sale of heifers. "While the population of the Unit- ed States has increased 24,000,000 in the last fifteen years, the number of cattle has'decreased 6,000,000. If, the. 2,500,000 heifers now slaughtered an- nually were allowed to bear, they would be ancestors of 45,000,000 cattle. in five years. "Milk is one of our most import- ant imp ort ant staples, and it costs far less for is actual food value than meat' or wheat. Approximately 98 per cent. of our farms are understocked because slaughterhouses will pay larger prices for calves," env amr.�aeeeeeseroseteesesereeeess eteesseeeeesesesse._ .. .5A`1,HE) E f3 NAVE `lou STARTED D(Nr4ER 'IE`f z ( KNotN WHAT I'D, L1KS. To HAva, CoMe; WA LK• oVis To 'f14 cOF.• ER .!N.i'tµ f+1E,.AND WO.1 GE r 4JEtkyou WAr r AND 5E.E pi'v.d elm 7 `1E: ,yEs,'I. KNOW;. Bu -r DD 10U VdAN-c* -1-1115 ONE. ccupy Bulgar Trenches. A despatch from London says: With the advent of Spring weather in Macedonia contingents of the:Salonica army have become active, separate successes having been scored on Wed- nesday by the British, Serbian and Russian forces. Attacking on a front of about four miles` in the Lake Doiran region, Brit- ish troops on one wing took Teutonic allied trenches on a front of two miles and on the other flank advanced on a front of about a mile. At the Cerna bend the Russians carried sev- eral trenches by assault, while north of Monastir the Serbians occupied two points of support and took a few prisoners. A Serbian official state- ment, dated May 9, reports violent artillery duels along the whole Ser- bian front. The Bulgarians bombard- ed Monastir with asphyxiating shells, the statement adds. A number•. of civilians were killed. THE GOLD -BOATS. Iii California Ships. Float in Seas of Their Own Making. Up in the deserts of California, hun- dreds of feet above sea -level, scores of great ships float in little seas of their own making. These are the gold dredges. The parts are hauled over a sage -brush' de- sert, and: put together on dry land. The navigable water begins ' with a dry it, in which the hull is assembled and calked. Water is brought from some creek, then the _ great steam- shovel starts work, and presently the dredge is digging away into the soil with her 'chain of buckets, scooping it out to a depth of fifty or sixty feet, and always increasing the size of the lake in which she floats. All the soil she digs is worked for gold. - She can make a profit if there is only ten cenbs worth of gobcl in each cubic yard. But each dredge costs three hundred to four hundred thousand dollars, so only rich corporations can afford this way of getting gold. There is to -day in the West a fleet of at least one hun clred and fifty of these great craft, not one of which ever saw the sea, or any navigable lake or river. Xstil WA1Y- AS 1 WA5 SAi Ir16-- W0 1 ED A5o0T A fit�LF I•loUr�.. If WITF4 T L5 FELLo ij AND WMMEri, FINA11. 1-ANDEn HIM, NF -WAS EAsl 1.y " THAT ! ONtG TNM JUNK - 'ti a WANT' loan' Wp,1TED 014 f SN00LDT441Rf< 15 il15A TbSH `•}E' WR11-E - MARI1ET oR A {Book�,• sToRZ`f ci Lu f` e ;:1 ii 4444 5 1 M a w '4 .y 1 w 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 4 .1 0 1 a 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 y 1