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Exeter Advocate, 1914-12-31, Page 3RA1D GERMAN NAVAL BASE Seven Naval Filers Drop Bombs on German ships and Naval Base A despatch from Lond•tin says; Assisted by light crmisers, destroy- ers and submarines, even British ravel ,airmen, • piloting sea -planes; made aro daring attack Christmas Day on the German naval, hose at Cuxhaven, at the month of the lei Elbe, Six of the airmen returned safely, but the seventh, Commander Hewlett, has been lost, ,aa his ma- chine wwaas found oft Heligoland, wrecked. What damage was done by the ''bombs thrown by the attack- ina- party could not be .ascertained, but the German report of the affair asserts that the raid was fruitless, The enterprise of the British navy in thus attempting to "dig Gout" the German fleet brought about a bat- tle between the most anodern of war machines, The British• squadron, including the, light cruisers .Are- thusa and Undaunted, which have been engaged in previous exploits en the German coast, was attacked War-. by Zeppelins, sea -planes and 'sub- marines, sub-li rinea. By rapid manoeuvring the ships were able to avoid the •submarines,. while the Zeppelins 'found the fire. of the cruisers too dangerous for thein to keep up the fight, The Ger- man sea -planes dropped bombs,, which, .according to the British ac- count, fell 'harmlessly into the sea. The Germans claim to have hit two destroyers and their convoy, e latter being set afire. The British ships remained in the vicinity for three hours without being attacked by any .surface warships,. and picked up three of the seven pilots and their planes. Three others were picked tV by submarines, but their machines were sunk, Another naval airman on Christmas Eve dropped twelve bombs on an .airship •shed at Brussels, but it was impossible defi- nitely to ascertain the amount of damage done. QUEEN'S NEEDLEWORK G UILD New %ear's !Rift to. Queen Mary From Women of Canada. • ' The following appeal has been sent out by the Queen Mary's Needlework Guild to the women of Canada, asking them to contribute toward a New Years gift to Queen ''Will you kindly alloy me, through your valuable medium, to ask the women of Canada to unite with Queen Mary's Needlework Guild in sending a New Year's pre- sent to Queen Mary which shall be worthy of our great Dominion, and the in,agnifizeent work the women are doing. "Will eacli woman in Canada, who is working for the soldiers and sailors, send one garment during. January through Queen Mary's Needlework Guild for Her ;Majesty to distribute This. can be done very easily. "Thanks to Lady Williams -Taylor the ,Bank of Montreal has kindly in- struoted any of its branches to re- ceive parcels on account of the Guild, and such parcels will be for- warded without cost to the donor. Persons residing in a.„town • where there is no branch of the Bank of Montreal may forward parcels to the Bank of Montreal at 213 Peel Street, Montreal, apt the same time sending the Bank the receipt for the rges -paid, the amount of which to be returned to them, "It will be my pleasure tossup - ply material for one thousand gar- ments to those who are willing to give their work but have not mater- ial and patterns availajiie, This material will make flannelette dresses for infants, woollen under- clothes for children from two to eight years old, men's flannel shirts, socks and children's stockings. A postcard sent to Miss Welter, Assis- tant "Secretary, Queen Mary's Needlework Guild, St. Catharines, Ontario, saying how many garments can be made, will result in material and •directions being forwarded to the sender free, "Queen Mary, by her unselfish de- votion to duty, and splendid exam;- ple, has endeared herself to the wo- men of the Empire at 'this :crisis„ and such .a New Years gift as 1 have suggested would not only prove that the wpmen of Canada. are ready to "serve the Queen” as are our brothers to "serve the King" but also give to Her Majesty the great pleasure of distributing useful garments to the soldiers and. sailors, the refugees, the poor and needy, the waifs and strays. "Hoping that the ideaof a New Year's gift to Queen Mary from the women of Canada will meet with a hearby response, believe me, "Yours faithfully; '`(.Sgd, ) C. WELLAND MERitirr; Honorary Secretary., Says Austrian Stores Used Up. A despatch from, Petrogradsays: Among the Austrian prisoners the head of a firm having works in. Pp- trogr,ad and: Moscow has been brought to Kieff in a lamentable condition, He reports the Austro- Hungarian •array stores to, be com- ` plebely exhausted. COAL BOOM FOR CANADA.. She Has Enormous Resources and War Will Make a Market. Could Canada come to the rescue of the warring allies of. Europe if those nations continue to draft into their fighting armies the 500,- 000 men that are needed to mine and market the coal supply? The coal resources of Canada are estimated ab something over 1,200 billion tons of easily workable coal, with an •additional 17. billion toms at depths .greater than 4,000 feet, which could be used as a last re- serve. And yet. last year, Canada imported nearly one-half of the coal consumed within her borders. The total production of coal in Canada last year was 15,012,178 tons, and the number of men em- ployed to mine this coal was about 28,000, of which 13,736 in the east- ern provinces mined 7,980,000 tons. If Canada could export an appre- ciable amount of coal to Europe it would have to come from the Mari- time P_ rovinees, whieh are estimat- ed to have a total reserve.of 10,- 000,000,000 •tons. The Maritime Provinces during 1913, exported 675,000 tons, of whicb 417,000 tons went to the United States. By far the largest coal fields in Canada are in Alberta, 'where the estimated reseirve'Th over 1,000,000- 000,000 tons,. but the long haulage and the lack of machinery and men to work the mines on a large scale at a short notice would, practically exclude this enormous 'supply from Europe. Last year the mines of Al- berta produced 3,300,000 tons, val- ued at $8,000,000, and employed 6,- 650 men. The question of obtain- ing labor to work any additional mines is quite :a problem, as min- ers are skilled workmen, and every miner in Canada is busily engaged. Whether unskilled men could be used subcessfully would be ore of the problems that the pioneers would have to solve. If Canada can develop her coal industry extensively this looks like her great opportunity. The coal resources of the Dominion are sec- ond. to .those of no :country in the world, but the distribution of pop- ulation has un to the present pre- vented full advantage ?being taken of them. Perhaps the war will force action of some kind of other, and will mean.' that before the end of next year, •should• the war con- tinue, Canada will have developed a market that can use at least 25,- 000,000 tons of otir coal a year, and will continue after the war is de- cided. 54 )(iideiiinfy. Sufferers in East Coast. • ' A (kapok/eh • • from London says: The British Government has decid- ed tb indemnify from the Imperial fiends those who suffered bodily or property losses las a result of the recent German' naval raid on the coast 'towns of Scarborougih, Whit- by, Hartlepool and West Hartle- p0a1. GERMAN TROOPS JUNG RY e Food. Exactions Are Imposed Upon the Itm- Hug p poverished Civilian despatch . from Northern nee says: A. detailed •account of the exactions by the German au- thorities in Antwerp shows that the daily fine demanded is 14 tons of bread, 28 . toms coif potatoes, eight tons of fresh mean, three and one- half tons of preserved meant; the eanie quantity of smoked meat, two tons of •ciheese, 8,500 betties of wine, 215,000 cigarettes 85,000 cigars, 1:,700 packets of tolaaoeo and twenty tons of oats. The forage shops have been forced to provide field -glasses far the German officers ,gratis, Den- tists are obliged to give their ser- vices and to :supply artificial teeth and 'gold fillings without payment. On Wednesday and Thursday Last German and Austrian troops, iamb ptosed of infantry, which had been entrained at Schaerbeck in is da-. mentable:ieondition, passed through Brussels en their way back; from the '1 eer,, The. had anything but it of n eros. e were thea coq r r, . They sorely in need of everything, They looked harassed and worn out and went stoat their duties in absolute silence. In the tattered, mud -stain- ed uniforms the troops give the im- pression of being absolttbely demor- alized. Only the officers retain their arrogantly disdainful man- ner, AROUSED AT LAST. —From New York World, ENEMY SllQOTS CIVILIANS The Germans Turned BWinch Guns Against Dense classes of Poles A despatch from Petrograd says: Very great forcesare being pressed into battles of mutual destruction from the left .bank of the Vistula, near Iiow, southward along the Bzura and Rawkaa` to the bend of the Pilica. below Tomasow. Sometimes the Russians, sometimes the Ger- mans take the offensive .. These pitched battles, which can- not be described as a general Ger- man offensive, are the fiercest in the north. They become more favor- able to the Russians a a .s they ap- proach the point where the Aus- trians predominate in the enemy's ranks. The 'most southerly battle in Poland is on the Nida. Here the Russians have gained a victory over Gen. Dankl, whose task .apparently was to link up with the Austro - German army on the Pilioa, 20 miles east of" Nowo,Radimsk, and assist the Germans' attempt to force a wedge between the Russian north- ern and southern ,armies. Im- mense slaughter is taking place in these battles, This doubtless will not be abated until the ascendancy has`been definitely established. In the region of Soch'aczew thou- sands of civilians have been killed. The Germans used eigtht-inch guns against the town and smashed the high tenement houses. The inhabi- tants were crushed under tihe ma- sonry. asonry. When the population tried to flee to Warsaw, the German guns poured shells into the dense masses of men, women and children, and hundreds were trampled to -death. The same thing occurred at Lowicz. A Russian officer who was decor- ated fox capturing six German guns at Lowicz states that 80 . German women were fighting in the trench- es. GERMANS DISILLUSIONED. Last A.vailable Man Called to the Colors. The Petit Parisien publishes a statement by a Frenchman who sue- ceeded in escaping from Germany, and whose information, says the journal, is precise, and bears the inripress of truth. The Germans, he .says, no longer believe the beautiful fables which have been told them. The impres- sion which they give, and which they do not conceal, is one of ter- rible and immense weariness. The enthusiasm of a short while ago has given place to a dull and intoler- able anguish which becomes evident in every instance. In the towns of middle and south ern Germany . which he passed through no more recruits were to be seen. The 1915 class had been called to the colors, and .the bar- racks are absoliitely'empty. Ger- many has at the present moment enrolled all the effectives at her disposal. Those who are not in the fighting line are packed on the frontiers and in concentration camps. The army no longer has any na- tional reserves, and will not be able to forin them, except at the price of an immense effort, and it cannot reinforce one front except by dim- inishing its forces on. weather front. That is why General Joffre, who knows all, is able to say that our position is very good. The truthis corning to light, de- apite•the lemma/time taken, among the mass of German people, and the people, full of the agony of its last hour, feel than the fatal moment of collapse is at hand: , WON VICTORIA CROSS. The Remarkable Single -Handed Feat of George Wilson. - Partioulars as to Private George Wilson's fine feat in winning the Victoria Gross, have been given to the London Daily Telegraph: Wil- son discovered there was a German machine gun stationed in a weeel, and, apparently on his own initia- tive, he decided to stop its opera- tions. In his desperate venture he got the coo -operation of a private of. the 60th King's Rifles. They went out alone and man- aged to get quite close to the enemy's position, when Wilson's companion was killed. Undaunted, however, Wilson continued on his perilous mission. - One by one he shot the officer and entire gun team of six soldiers and then ran in and took .possession of the gun and two cases and a half of ammunition. Wilson a few 'months ago was: sell- ing newspapers in the streets of his native city of Edinburgh. 2 Urged to Conserve Foodstuffs. A despatch from Berlin says : The Norddeutsche Zeitung issues a warning against using grain to feed anirnals, especially rye, which is needed for breadatuffs. It says the empire's food supply must be care- fully husbanded to guard against a possible shortage which would force upon the people a difficult problem. AUSTRIANS ARE IN FULL FLIGHT A.trocitles Proved by Many Exhibits. A despatch from London says: An exhibition is being held in London to prove the occurrence of German atrocities. It consists of official documents and numerous photo- graphs. FRENCH . AIRMEN ATTACKED METZ Dropped Bombs on Barracks and Station of City hi Lorraine A despatch from Paris says: French aeroplanes gave Metz and its German garrison a sharp ex- erienc p e of the terrors of aerial bombardment Saturday, Taking immediate revenge for, the inexoiXsa- able German bombardment of Nancy, :an unfortifled town, where Gaon -combatants were struck dead or mutilated by bombs rained from German warplanes the French air- men made a raid on Metz. Care was taken to avoid dropping ex- plosives on private houses or .ort public places frequented by, non- combatants, but for several nnrniates Campaign in Galicia' Breaks Down Under Vigor of Russian Attacks A despatch from London nays: The Austrian campaign in the Car- pathians and in 'Western Galicia and Southern Poland axppeans to have met with utter disaster, ac - carding to the claims of the Rus- sian official statements of Saturday and Sunday, which are partly aa,dl. witted by both Vienna and Berlin' to be well founded, Same idea of the magnitude of the ope'retione may be obtained from the faint that •the Russian statements record the capture of no fewer than 17,500 pri- soners from the Austrians during the last few days. 'In the C'a;rlp:ae. thians the Austrian defeat is oom- plete. .Forced to ,aocepb battle with superior forces in zero weather in the snow-covered Dukla Pass, they fought the Russians for two days mid then took flight, back towards the plains of Hungary, leavin,g great numbers of ,clead on the field, and more than ten thousan.d pri- soners in the hands of Grand Duke - Nicholas. Vienna confesses official- the, French airmen showered power- ful bombs on aviation hangars, on a railroad .station where troops were in movement and on a barracks :at the outskirts of the •city. The Gov-. ernment'•s official announcement do,e8 not „eveo.l h +lv mnc. i d11a91nna wvas done to German Military pro perty by the French air raiders, whether' or not, any .German sol- diers were killed or if any of the. 'Froth lairm•en were injured. It is gathered from tha~ tone of the ren- nouricennent that the attack was. very successful .and that the French aviators returned in safety to their lines, x ly that Krosno and Jaslo are again held by the Russians, thougih the olaini is made that the Austrians leve secured control of the Usjok Plass after four ,days .of desperate fighting On the .Dunaeo and Nida, Rivers,:. coat of Cracow, the Austrians also have been severely punished; Here, aracording tie Berlin, they "a,ppoar to be having a ib.arcli struggle to rxiaintai•n their positions east of the Dunajeo, thoughthey seem to be holding their own on its , lower readies." Vienna says merely that thesituation in this quarter is un- changed, Petrograd states that desperate fighting went on through- out Ohristraas Eve sand Chrieemas Day, ending towards the second evening with ousting of the Aus- trians from 'Wislica, a village about 40 miles north-eias,t of Cracow, and their expulsion from the east bank of the Nida River, which they had crossed. In this battle the Russians secured 4,000 prisoners; MEN S l`R 1' CIC D 11 i1IB. Peculiar Cases Treated- in .hospitals at the Front. The extraordinary effects of shell fire upon those who are forced to undergo it are being discussed in the British medical journals, - An Ihaglish surgeon now attached to a Paris hospital: reports the cases of four men who show abso- lutely no trace of bodily wounds, but who :aro now under his care. Two of them were struck deaf and dumb by sihell explosions; neither of them has anything wrong with his organs'of speech or hearing,' but is suffering simply from shock. A third cannot see, caused by a ner- vous shock. There is nothing the matter with his eyes, and complete recovery is promised after a period of quiet and rest. The fourth man's experience left his mind blank. Field surgeons contribute an ac- count of the manner in which death conies from shell fire. In some cases men are fouad stiff in death in life -like attitudes'so that the stiff - apes .charact•eristio of a corpse must have ceine on at the very moment of death, whereas under ordinary circumstances a- pian dies first and slowly stiffens afterwards. • Scone of the field surgeons have attributed this to the action of a poisonous .gas given off by the new explosive, "turpentite." One of the patholo- gists at Guy's Hospital,. however, contradicts, that theory.. TURKISH FORCE REPULSE. Black Sea Fleet Bombarded Shore in Transehorok Region. A despatch from Petrograd says: There is satisfactory news from the. Caucasian front. A Turkish de- tachment, reinforced by newly forenecl troops, sent from• the direc- tion of Ezerum December 24 orosrecl the Euphrates to march through the Dudach region and .attempt to break through to .A,li,sker, but was repulsed with heavy losses. The united efforts of the Russian troops and the Black Sea fleet in bombard- ing the shores have cleared the Transchorok region of Turks. A-USTRIAN RESERVE (' ALLE:O. Artillerymen Mutinied, 11ut Were Sent to 'front. A • despatch from; Vienna, via .Rome, says: Austrian reservists be- tween the ages of 42 and 50 years have been summoned to. the colors for territorial service. Two hun- dred and fifty artillerymen at Fort Montebriine, near Rivatrento, re- fused to leave for Galicia on Christ- mas. Day, and mutinied,, but were decimated and the survivors were sent to the front. INDIANS ARE ADEPTS.' Show More Skill in Fighting Than European Comrades, The great endurance and fighting ability of the native troops from. India, who have come to take part for the first time in hietory in a war against white troops on Euro- pean soil, have astonished those against whom they have bean pit- ted, as Well as all the allied com- manders except the British. The only question which arose in the British officers'• mind was: whe- ther the Indian would • be able to stand against artillery fire, to which they never had been subject- ed in the frontier wars. This has. been answered in the a•ffirmtative, and they have proved as steady un- der .shrapnel fire as the best of their white ,comrades in arms. Not only this, but the commanders of the allied armies aver that they show dash and fearletssness to a remark- able degree, and have on many oc- casions displayed great initiative under the most difficult circum- stances. In a suburb of Boulogne, France, before the entrance of .a great field. covered with many regular rows of tents stood a bronze figure as still asa.. statue., It was a, Sikh in his uniform of khaki, guarding the san- itarium, in which seine hundred, of his slightly wounded or ailing com- rades from the battlefield of Flan- ders were recuperating from the hardships of the oar npaign. These warriors from the Punjab and Ben- gal, as their fellow -soldiers, the little, hardy Gurkhas and Pathans and jets -from the mountains on the Afghan frontier, generally bear the variations of climate with the greatest fortitude_ They declare they are fighting for their. "raj" or Emperor, and it is mit for them to complain. Just as well drilled and disci- plined as the soldiers- of any Euro- pean power, they ao into battle with the full assurance that they will be victors. 'When they first went into action they disdained the protection : of the shelter trenches, and darted across the open at their opponents with their bayonets and knives, - =mach to their cost. They have since learned, like all the other troops engaged in this war of rabbib war- rens, to bore their way through the earth to get at their foes, and they, have proved even more adept at this kind of fighting than. their Euro- pe an comrades. War Office to Return to Paris. A. despatch from Paris says : The Preach War Department, which is still in Bordeaux, will return to Paris 3 amuary 7th. L1LLE BTDDEIV STAF 1 Prussian Cammaricier Tells Mayor Lack of Food•il City is Solely the Fault of the British A despatch from Paris says: To the many other, horrors which the German invasion hasbrought to the inhabitants of Lille is now to be added that of famine. Citizens of the northern fortress town; which has been in the possession of the Germans for some months and is now destitute of food, have already paid an enormous was tax to the invader. Its textile ind:ustries have been ruined and 1,200 of its houses destroyed. M. Charles dela Salle, the heroic htayor. of Lille, who has remained •at his post throughout, in an eloquent letter 'recently ad- C,Ir nd,2 to ‘22i2 v:= H•f ;„''}I h, Xo3- man~ Ltriiiit iu. :'', le4-4 A for relief for his starvingfellow-citizens. his reply, which a lin l ich w ,s, &exacter- istxcda•l•Fy. Prussian and wo:t'thy of the iinps-r ni Ohancollor liianself, Von B.indrich set out to show that if Lille women end, children lacked 'bread, Britain, annot Germany, was to blaa.teGe Kneen a,n n • herself, added the . ;i- , commander of Lille, possessed suf- ficient resources for •her army and her civilian population. Bri.taa,n., in attempting to prevent the arrival of overseas produce u ith the 'view of etarving, out Germany, was but in4 it ci:iag suffering upon the inhabi- tants of the occupied towns of France and Belgian). ' The starving population would have to pub up with the coresequ•eo ccs, for the. Ger- man Government could not under- take .the feeding of French and Bel. :gat oilvil pans ender its jurisdiction so Jong as Britain .closed the saas tel the importation of foodstuffs, Havingdeliv'ered-' himself. thus, r•¢, •rri.] tahp'i1h'.,,...;,r.: of Lille that he ta,d bettor I l 3 fox assistance tc..the 8wrws Govern - Mott, •overn-M tt, pron iising thatthe, • German Government would ati. pa,i:t the le. quest to the utmost Of its' power, q s If the mayor vehtsed to seek help l from 'the Swiss, Government then, as far as the German cornnianda.nl of Lille was concerned,' the people of that city wwpre free to starve.