Loading...
Exeter Advocate, 1901-11-21, Page 6LIAIE AND PLASTIt31L Lime and plastee are pretty much. tho ;same thing, Lane is simply the bornt limostono with Which wo aie fain/liar, kno WU, chem- ically as sulphate of Um% combined with sulptairie acid. It is known chemically as sulphate Of lime. Both aro useful in correct- ing acid soils, but lime is the better of the two. Plaster is more especial- ly beneficial on heavy soils, but is also useful ou light sandy soils. It is probable, howevor, that lime is as geaerally useful as plaster, and as it is cheaper should liave a more tree use. All soils contaiu plant food, sonles times in largo quantities. Now, this plant food is in such form that water alone will not dissolve it. It hap- pens that plant food (that is, nitro- gen, /offish and phosphoric acid) must be soluble in ordet. to be use- ful to plants, therefore, it matters little how ricli a soil may be in plant food elements, it may fail to produce paying erops simply because the plants cannot roach this food. Lane o,nd plaster have long been used to make this soil plant food soluble and available, and with great success, but there always conies a, time when such applications NO LONGER GIVE RESULTS. This is because all tho plant food capable of being released by the lime or plaster has been made solufr ble, and also has been used by grow- ing plants, it has been taken from the soil In the shape of crops. When soils fail to give usual c,rops, supposing the weather conditions have not been markedly irregular, there is always some very good rea- son. If the fault lies in improper tillage the trouble is easily corrected but as a matter of fact the best til- led farms show- this trouble. Ban - urea were first used because it was , discovered, probably accidentally, that -they increased the yield. This improvementwe now know to be due simply to the plant food con- tained in the manure. It is evident that -the soil was lacking in enough plant food to grow full crops else the manure would not have increased . the yield. Lime and plaster both give similar results in increasing . yields, but they do so by hastening the solubility of plant food already present in the soil. Manures supply plant food in addition to what the noil naturally contains, and though the amount of soil plant food made available each year may be short of what is needed for a full crop, the manure applied makes good the shortage, and lull crops are restored. The. next stage we reach is the gradual failure of crops even with the manure application—all farmers are only too familiar with this stage. The causo is the gradual re- duction in the yearly- supply Of avail- able SOIL PLANT FOOD. -until the point is reached where the 'usual manure application does not supply plant food enough to make the shortage good. The remedy is, of course, more manure., but how few farmers have More manure. It was this demand that introduced to agri- ciilture the enormoits business in '.ar- tificiar ' manures, that is, fertilizors. After all the manure produced eco- nomically on the farm is used and al - 50 supplemented by applications of fertilizers or chemicals, and Crops ago'n commence to fall off, the shortage in plant food becomes more Pressing and more fertilizer must be used. Lime or plaster at this stage are of very little value, except for their physical action on soils. It may be asked will this increas- ing demand on the part of the soil for plant food ever be met in full. When farmers return to the soil all the plant food they take off in crops, making allowance for natural losses through drainage, etc., yields will no longer fall off. It is not easy to say just how much plant food is needed, and how Luncli of each of the three elements should be used, but the chemical analyses of crops are a good guide, and these may be ob- tained from any experimental farm. They form very interesting reading for the thinking farmer, and the unthinking farmer these days will sooner or later find it necessary to ...hire himself out." THE CHESHIRE PIG. The Cheshire is ,a good-sized,, long - bodied white hog, writes Mr. E. W. Davis. Some people call their heads long, others short. The headin pro- portion to length of body is as short .as that of any breed. When slaugh- tered for market the heacl weighs less in proportion than that of any . other hog, as there is very little meat on it. • One specially good quality bf Cheshire, is that it gives a large proportion of lean meat, Put a *Cheshire and a pig of another breed into the sante pen, feed them in same trough and when the two pigs are butchered the' Cheshire will hatre a,larger proportion. of ,loan :neat than any other. This Makes thorn. pre-enainen UST .the pig 1 Ore mar-, ket ,purposes. When Cheehires are well known 'they being higher prices than other .hogs.. The larger propor tion of leanmeat explains- the fact,, that according to appeaganceso Ches- hires, when alive, weigh more than other hogs. A stecloriam says: "i find, that 'buyers are not. able to guess the weight of Choshires. Ono lot of 18 culls I offered at 325 Pia, Oath. 1h1s0 buyers thought they wolild not 'weigh. over 300,. They avt craged 300. Another lot Of 20 mills offered at 150 lbs. average? They weighed 185. I have grotvo all kinds and when fed together, ,Ches- hire, whites, Poland Chinas, Berk- shires and Cheshires mixed in lots of 25 to 75, the Cheshites outgrow and atit-weigh all otliert." The quality of the flesh is most a:tee:tient: AIM Lab is firm, The bones aro small e and very hard, 1 have, often heard the rainark from .Onfookers at fairs; 'do not see how Such small bones hold up suck big pigs. One charaeleristio of the breed is a peculiarly quiet disposition, I have inany times kuown children to got in- to a pen. and play with the little pigs, f.11to best weights that 1 cau vouch for are as ia1lows A litter of seven, killed when nine months and Pho day ohil averaged drossed weights 406 lbs. One pig from a litter from. which I shipped the others was cas- trated and fattened. Ile was butch- ered whoa eight monthstand 14 days old, and dressed 11.6 lbs. I do not claim that Cheshires will, by any means, average SUCII weight. 1 give the above as the best weight I know, when grown under the best condi Lions. " .LOPTS OVER STABLES. Lofts Were very frogeently plaeod over stables as oonvonient receptits cies for stering,tuty, etc, with aper- tures in the flooroyer the overhead raehs below, through which hay 1(11 )oral tato therm Thi8 plan can- not bo recommended, hay, etre., i2e- Corningtainted by the etnanations rising from below, .and men.are alSO rr. atheapt to overloadthe racks to satan going up to the -racks and Waste results.. in such caees ventilating 'shafts of WOod or 'zit'c should be ran through front. the sta- ble te the rook, at distances of,, say, twelve . feet apart, . intoned on tact ridge by zinc yeatilittors, of which there are many patterns on tho mar- ket. ' Tne openings in the floor over 'the hayracks should be boarded- up, and a Lin 2010:0(1 in one corner of the stable, with a doors .at .the foot, through which ,a good supply of hay .may be loweited tu at a tie, and care ried, whou reqUirOd, to tlio .Staii.S. It would be an itoproyement if the o1'01'- head racks Were done, away with, and riieks of half the width of the stall' put in on a level, with .1116 Man- gers, The existing racks cart 'ol ceirese, be usecl. again, as only half, the length of . racks and mangers would hen tbe required, those not wanted in the stable, might 001110 in handy few a cattle shed or` field slier - ter. lf tho 'stable :is Very dark, as inanY old Mies are, eomeeMeans should be provided of admitting plenty of light, as nothing helpsto propagate clise,a.Se More than dark- ness, ,and the dtrt which generallY accompanies it, , As good and cheap a Way as any is to put a feWglass slates in Vic reef, when there will te no risk of glass being :broken, as in windows, ' and no extra WeodWork to paint. 4- PHENOMENAL MEMORIES, Seientists Who Could ReCaIl Names of 25,000 'Plants.- Many of tho greatest Men :have had phenomenal, memories,. - Caesar knew the Mimes :of thousands of soldiers in his legions. A modern h , Man of science .often as . a prodig- ious memory for Special terminology. Professer.Asa 0 -ray eatild- at once re- call the names of poniethinglike:25a 060 plants"; 'Professo-r Theodore Gill can clo the same ...for fishes,' Our ineinory for 'mere words .is in '.itaelf, much more extensive than ie general- ly admitted. -The average well-to-do childof two years.'of age has a vo- cabulary OE some 500 worde, and its. father may have the, cOmtnand . of 20,000 mere.. The 10,000 verses of the itleuIrecia hat -.6 .for 3,000: 'Years been accurately preserved' in the One, merles ,Of the, Brahmins.' Not one Brahmin alone, but .thousands, can to -day a recite 11, ward for word. Thottsa.nds of Mohatinnedans, tike - wise; know the •Koran by .heart, as all learned Chinese .know their ,clas- sicalebooke. The ohiefe Of Polynesia can, and 'do, repeat hds undre'of thousands of worile in their geneaols ogies—taking days and even weeks for the recitation. Hundreds. of Pittaiste can': play all day, and Many clays,' b3r memory. Chess Pla.Yers have a Visualizing- mme- 11101'y,while -arithmetical. prodigies may have any one Of the three or a combination of all. A 'BIG SWELL. Of Sir William Harcourt the story is told that .01 one occasion when at the seaside he visited 0 man -of War lyiug off the Haaupeaire coast. Af- ter dinner, the weather proving. Lher rough, the captain (an unusual- ly small and dapper Mall) suggested that Sir *William should sleep on board, and thaeghtfully Surrendered his own berth. Next monsting, at the early hour .cvlion the "captain us- ually rose, the latter's sailor servant who knew 'nothing of the change of berths, brought a. cup of coffee to the cabin door, and knocked once ma twice without receiving an answer. Somewhat alarrned, the servant pop- ped d a in his head asked, "Do you want 370(11'colte1 this „morning, sir?" The only reply was in the nature of a growl, and the terrine(' sailor be- held a gigantic figure turning oyes under the bed clothes. Dropping the cup of coffee, the faithful oervant reshed ' to the , ship's surgeon, ex- claiming, "For heaven's sake, sir, come to the captain 1110110e! speechless, and swollen to Len times Ole natural size!'' --- KHEDIVE'S PRESENT. During the ree0111; ViSit 01 1110 CliVO to Cemstantioople, Sir 'Nicholas O'Connor gave a lunch in his honor. According to the' Wiener Tagblatt, quoted by the LoncIon Daily' Mall's correspondent, the Rhedive sat next to Mrs. Barclay, wife 'of the second secretary of the Embassy, and it transpired that both were enthusias- tic stamp collectors. The inhedive asked Mrs. Barclay if she would per- mit him to present 1101' with a few ti stamps from his collection, and n the following day an aide-de-camp brought the lady the entire valuable collection of the 'Khedive. WILL 13,3 S DILEMMA. MMA. time you must not interrupt me when if am talking- to visitors, Willie." Willie ---"But,. mother, 'by the time you'd finished I 141(001(1 have forgot - tee what I 'wante(1 to say 1 ' About the ....House 4 43#4144#4*414#411+441VV4-#044 IniMPKIN lithabed ,Orane is not, alone in his fondness for the "most luxurious of Pies," But, as times and cooks im- prove, a pumpkin pie with the real old-fashioned crisp crust and rich flavor is not' often ia eyidence. A good pumpkin pie should be half squash—a Sole:els/a, worthy of Pat— bet, nevertheless, true. It should be deli and golden in hue with a shade of red, But how to obtain 'it? One wornan says, "CUL your pump kin in cubes and put in a simnel/it with a cupful of nice inolassos; plac on the back ot the range and let i cook until soft, but add no \voter ind it wilt be of the right chlor an i'achness when done. 5111 011(1 acl two egg's for eaoh pie, ginger, sal and nutmeg to taste, milk ancl suga int_. 1110 IlliXture is sweet enoug.1 ond thick enough for filling. Bak the crust first and then fill and bak and PaSS' through the screw eyes at the back of tho frame and up again to the picture moulding. Passing the wire behind the picture makes it more secure and also easier to regu- late n height. Plain brass moulding hooks, two for each picture, should be used, their size also regulated by the weieht of the picture. Chains are never used. If there are a number of small pic- tures they should notbo hung fin the picture moulding. it is better to draw 1110 WIN,/ tight aCrOSS the back of the picture from screw eye to screw eyo and then hang them on small brass wall hooks 01 11110 nails. Either of these mar the wall very little and ,0111011 pictures count for more in this waY. WHEN PITTING SHOES. • " w People ould find less difficulty with ready -mode shoos," says an ex - n perun,ced salesman, "if they would o statici up to fit them on, instead 01 EA' 1ing. down. Nino persons out of , ten. 9(111cula01y ladies, want a corn - :1 fgrtalle chair while they are fitting d u shoo_ and it is Wi 01 the greatest t difficulty you can get thetn to stand r for a„feiv minutes, even after the silo is fitted. Then, when they be- e gin walking about, they wouder why O the SilOOS are not so comfortable as * Cut (59[Saro high arid there is ye pie that wiil make it hungry man wish a seeond and even a third pieece-if he doesn't say so. Stew your pumpkin (hall of which is squash). until tender, dra1n. and m w 1sh ith .0_ wooden spoon until. soft and smooth. Pour on it about half es much milk. as it will need; set on the range and stir until it scalds 11 anothor way to make a toothsome 11)037 11010 sat. first trial, A woman's foot is considerably smaller Whall she sits 10 0 camir than when she about , Es erciee brings a larger (1110111 1;7 of blood into the feet, and w Cloy sell appreciaoly. The muscles elso rermiro certain space. In buy- ehees 'this fact should be borne in 10110(1." '''ONTE SIMPLE . 11[111ASURES, flicked with incurable ulcers. Elastic stockings , seem te hasten rattierthan retard the* coming of OONSEQUElaTCES. Try, this plan and you may keep the ulcers away, altogether, ' 'Whenever you hate any spare time on your hands, sit down, and lift your foot on to a chair, or the table, or the mantelpiece, The blood will how out of tho turgid veins, and give you immense relief. By friction trom the heel upwards you can encouritge the return of the blood to the heart, as well as give tone to the feehle veins. When the opportunity does 1101 'offer for curing your varicose veins, attend to your nose. The nose is not .onl3r the seat of cold in the head, but, as one becomes older, it grows rather ill -looking through chronic congestion. Now, you can ward oft cold's in the head, you can cure them when they come. 00 and you can preserve the youthful an- rearanco ofthe noso if you 11ri11 de - volt; a few Sparc nionierits to it ev- ery day.' * All you have to.do is togi'asp the tip between thumb and forefinger, and illassmee the nose upwards to the root- Th's operation emPties the nose of used -up blood, and allows fresh blood to flow in. , The conse- quence is that tlie nose is always in ' healthy condition and quitc triateli for the boUlltless cold' rule- • rones you breathe into it. And its Shape is decidedly IM131.3 0 V DID AS WELL. Yoi could have, teeth as White 115 SliOW il' you cared to attend to them ahcasionally. ' Carry a. piece, of s on ;e which has been soaked in no rrh iii your pocket, and when you are doing nothing else polish your teeth or an ordinary in il kp an full ot w th it. Ilie brushing once or twice a cloy is very useful, but it is pumptin ready for the pies, roll to To a. powder ,four or tour and a half the frequent cleaning that tells. crackers. Stir into the warm Punin- Why da the teeth become discolor - It i n and milk: add t iv° cep f ifl s of ed and carious? 13ecause the 100(1 which sticks to them decomposes arid gr nulated sugar, one teaspoonful of salt, one 1 easpo on ft a gingen, the becomes acid. But this cannot oc- some of chmamon, and one cupful of cut. if you polish them a dozen times a clay. It seems troublesonie. but molaeses. Stir well, and put it atvay in the refrigerator or smite freedom from toothache, and avoid- ance of the dentist, aro an ample re- IWIPROVE YOUR HEALT.H IN SPARE TIME. „. Various Ways in Which You May Save a Doctor's Bill and Enjoy Life. Most ef our ailments are slight, at a, distance by very simple meae- ures. Take chilblains. 'I had ese re ue to sluggish circula- tion of the short pie CrSt• If you have it use -dug 1100'mON 8pull4 14) anj gra When ready to bake mako some blood, causing congestiongradually oclernsmootriem, qoztcrtl liiyse; 0101(10for shortening, With.. tiny port on a dowy morning-, to have U, WAR 37011 can run up and down -half pinch of soda and salt. 'Roll then, iOW moments to spare, do not weak- a do 'en times without becoming ar tor mixing find kneading quite ee your heart Still further by the us- b athless. You will soon have a hard. Don't choose too thick- piates ual habit of lighting a cigarette; heart as strong as a horse's. for these pies, nor too thin,—iust but raise one band to the level oi Are your eyes ever tired and pain - about medium. Then add' milk the 11010, grasp it between the fingers fel? They ought to be, roe you do again to Your pumpkin, stirring un- and thumb of the other hand, and not snare them. athey require rest cool place fora day or two imtil the vand neaely all of them may be kept compense. arious ingredients blend, as the ar- tists say, together. The flavor is, Is you have a wealc heart' 101 1111.X 111an if 05011 at once. much better for standing awhile af- iipstmirs. First do, it once, slowly. stt. engthen it. In odd moments run (11 it is about the consistency of slowly and firmly squeeze the blood as much as any other thick cream. Bake -until done, and out from fineei tips to wrist. 12 PART OF THE BO:DIZ, then bake awhile longer. They will - - - - and if donit ti it 1 them you do this [-egg morning. and eve - you g ve .o iem tae cold niontlis, v be a rich golden bi nvn on top, arid um- during •011 they will wear out too fast. You have a delicate flavor in which net - them spice predorninate.s. NOW if YOU have more piinnikins ,• than you ca.n use, can them will never have chilblains. could preserve your sight to the last days of your life by closing them when you have no use for them. Do' you suffer fvoin sluggish liver? Most people do; and; in fact, this condition is the cauSe of half the en - T With a friend,' listening to spline lahey twill not come araISS. 01111110 cornplairi of so nnteli. If ,von mosie at a concert, or to a. sermon • • hare spat e five ininutes a id don t arid cut in <lice a until' • Is NOW Il OW TO (.'PEN D • As your uit cans get empty, paret at church, • close your eyes. They m water, with sugar enough, to he ;it, you cannot turn it to better ac- tion. any ruit. At any toile it will 122 les -up, so to speak. Just press your la,ir frem falling, or turning grey, ready for pies, only -requiring- less hand heavily' on, Chg. right' sine - at yciii .began. early 'enough in life. sweetening the lower border of the ribs; and The hair Mlls out for want of a sin -- Our foremothers dried the pump- 1110V0 11 down slowly four or five in- ficient supply of blood to the roots. kin in slices, looking. like new moors che.s. Do this dozer:. or twenty Your hat is partly the CaUSO of this eficiencon Now, whenever you have a few minutes off, remove your hat, and rub your head vigorously. This is far mare effectual than all the hair -washes in the market. If you do it habitually you will never be bald, Any part of the body is tile better for occasional friction.. RFieuniatisna which comes to most of us sooner or later. could be .entirely pre -vented by rubbing. the joints. Do the shoulders one day: the _wrists another day, the knees a third: p 1 iin. Cook 11 to • will be deeply grateful for tile atten- real sweet, rind seal -up as you would ,coitnt. than by giving your liver a You could probably j)revent your on poles lay tile kitchen fire, the times, and you will empty the over- ' same as dried apples. But this is a full liver of its super -abundant con - better way: Cook soft, sift. on to tents. Not only does this raa,noeuvro flat baking tins, dry in the oven un- relieve tho liver, but it cures heart - til it is quite hard. Break into bits burn. It also curesi critinP hi the and put up in paper bags or jars as to or calf, by removing acidity from you please. It will keep as long as tile stornach. glue, which it now reaembles. Soak Dyslattesia would be as rare as in warm water or milk until it black roses if we devoted a portion CO3/103 back to the resemblance or of our spare time to preventing it. pemplein, and inake into pies. In nine cases out of ten dyspepsia is Pumpkin sauce and pumpkin brown due to the food remaining too long broad are other dishes easily made, i11 the stomach, teementing, becom- but the first is not delicate in flavor; ing acid, and causing painful, infiam- the last very/good. motion. Instead of using drugs, which never efTe.et, a permanent cure, try the plan of assisting the stomach to get rid of its contents. Place your Intial at the extreme edge of tho lett side, immediately under the ribs HINTS TO ITOUSEREEPERS. 1-Iow to maid: silver polish cloths, by a process probably allied, to the "witch kloth" of the bazars. Get two ounces of powaered hartshorn and dissolve it in new milk milk. In the solution boil soft cloths for five minfites, drop into cold water, wring quickly, and dry before the lire. Af- ter the silver has been washed and wiped in its daily use, rub briskly with one of these cloths and a fine high,polish is the result. This does not 'wear tho silver as does the con- stant use of polishing. powders. Sometimes the fishy smell will cling to knives and forks atter oily fish like salmon and macgeret has been served. Out a lemon, rub them with it, and the disagreeable odor Will vanish. In washing paint, if any scouring preparation is used, it should be ap- plied on flannel, as it is then less li- 'able to injure the paint. To cook corned beef and salt hams so the meat will be tender and juicy, put over the fire hi cold water and bring to a boil very slowly. Allow it to boil five minutes, skim it, then, set on the back of the stove, where it will simmer very gently. When tender, let it cool in the water in. which it was cooked. lf part is to be eaten hot, send to the table; keep the liquor in the pot boiling, ana when the meal is done put what re- mains back in tho pot and let it. Hygienists are insisting 00 much upon the : greater healthfulness of bread that is thoroughly baked that crusty loaves are 1/1 greatOr dtatand, EVOil the bakers are beginning to give loaVes. with More crust and lesS crumb, and the up-to-date housca keeper bakes 'small loaves, bakeS them in small pans, and prolongs the baking ,Process. Tho aeries of loaves baloul in the dripping -pan is mit of fashion and each loaf demands its own pan, a II A NG I NG PICTURES . Pictures ehoulcl always be hung on the level of the eye. and not strung up so litgai that one musL crane the neck to see them, so low that; tho furniture of the room is Continually knocking against them. Gold twist- ed wire is used ehttrely, and the si'ie. is governed by the weight of the pic- ture. . Any good sized picture is hung with double wire, which le sua- pearled fron1 the 'picture Moulding SLIGHTLY OVERLAPPING THEM.' Then work it round to the right by pressing the fingers as hard as you can and drawing the hand., towards them. Or stand with your hands ex- tended in front. Then swing daaund SIZE OF ICEBERGS., the first time in history, a largo and When an iceberg towers 200 or 300 wellecquiPPed British force was total - feet above the sea, it means t -hat but ly routed in fair fight, some -four tinaeighth of its tremendous bulk i,s thousand men 'retired northwards in - exposed. A berg which rises .900 to tho hills. So terrible had been font above the 'Atlantic has a bulk the loss of officers, however, that h of 1,100 feet under the sea. • Cap-- only ono, a sixteen -year-old ensign tains give icebergs all the room they named Hunt, was left unwounded to acalisiarse striking jakicnugllissipolni'dwolu_oldd2che asTicaoti; tako over,;11-TeDicDomliniiiisncBUEST, and was ably assisted by several old non-commissioned Officers. Neverthe- less, not, more than 5.0 per 00111.'01 his command reached their objective, Valencia. Of .the rest., hundreds per- ished of starvation, many were kil- led by the.. armed guerillas ,who swarmed on the rear, sind not a few ' doserted and eettled among the peo- ple of -the country, where their des- cendants, so it is said, May be COMA to y. however, the most , remarkable'instance of boys -acorn-- mantling armies is furnished by that pathetic, and awful tragedy known to lusfery as the Children'e Crusade. Here, not only the leaders, but the rank. ,and fite wore children. ,None, but innocent' hands, it was argued, could successfully undertake the con- quest .of the Iloly city. •__So,in the I WANTED A SHOW . . spring 01 2 there set out from sa ac° soine 30,000 boys and girls , There was a hatless man ^overed under the leadership of a lad named with mud standing at the corner of Stephen, tyhile Germany contributed ' the, street the, other clay, - and there .another similar army, commanded by were a policeman and thirty pereons 0, Iifteen-year-old peasant named surrounding him, a and as tho man Nicholas. The result was precisely scraped at the mud on his legs the 1 what might have been foreseen. The policeman said ; . sea, devoured thousands. Thousands "Well, Yoe see, 30)0 ought to haye more Perished miSerablY of sta"at boort More carefid." , tion and exposure. Others were cars "ButtI waS .careful," protested the l'ioU atwity captive :by the wild.' Be - victim. , °tans oi thc d ma Not one, , ,'.`Then how did you happen to get ,ainong all the vast multitucre, even knockedoVer so much as sot eyes tapon Jerusalem. "Why, it was this way. As I was And few, very few, lived to return to crossing the street a bike was; Colna the homes *- and parents they had ing airing from one direction and a quittoo so lightly and man tutn high horseless carriage from another di- hopes, motion, ,and right on the corner ' stood a lima waiting to dun me for $2.50, I, had borrowed. There wore three ,things to dodge at once, and the first 1 know the 'bike hit '1110 00 one side, the horseless carriage on, the other, and tho man yelled at, me armor, ait. slimily', and weights TllgY GOIMANDED ARMIES INSTANCES IN WHICI-1 BOYS ORGANIZED REBELLION, A Youth of Sixteen Sowed th? Seeds of a United Italy Movement, The story, telegraphed to Brussels from Pretoria, that ono of the com- mandoes now operating in Ca pg Colony 18 being led by Andreas 1.11eY- ors, a lati of only sixteen, rimy or May not be true. It is certain, however, that children fully as young have played equally tis peomineut 0 part in foriner Wars. Carlo Vella, for instance, tho 811:11:111i11,W Y01)at'r1elbai lS of 101 0113, as7:ertibeearlid,v110 hti'n100- 1, ,_ in the summer of 1659, ho raised the peoplo of Ferrara, proclaimed a free and United Italy, and set out to march, on Item°. lie was taken prisoner and shot, and his following dispersed, but he isowed, the ...seeds of a. matter:neat which culminated soott afterwards in the triumph of the cause lio hail so deeply at heart. alien again, there was the sandal., gallant attempt, made in May, 1E366, by Stamakati, the filleem-year-old Cretan patript, to shake off tho Turkist rule. Gathering. round him) a band of youthful nimmtaineers as bravo and as hardy as himself, he for months defied successfully t the entire Turkish army of occupation. Ai length, however, he was besieged in the morntetery of Arkaalt; nett in or - dor to olvoid capture, blew it, him- self, and bis followers into the air. AithOlIgh SOltla accounts place tht age of. the fisher -lad Masanielmwho, in 1617,. led the Neapolitans to via tory against their Spanish oppres. sors al - twenty-four, there is little real doubt but that he was a moan younger Itlaa, probably not more than seventeen or at the most eigh- teen, years old. 'Phis is partlsrprota cd by the fact that it wits his parti- cipation in o, boyish game, which led to the uprising. .0n. Um feast of St. Maria del Carmine, it was (and is) customary for the youth of Naples, to build a. sort of miniature castle. which was, defended by one body of lads armed with sticks and ATTACKED BY ANOTHER. Masanielo WaS chosen the leader of one of theso parties, and seized the opportunity to raise the cry al' ''clown,_ with the taxes.'' The cry was eagerly taken up by a popu- lace already seething with discon- tent*. in a few days Masanielo found hiniself at the head of an army or, 150,000 men; while an incredible number of women; armed like Ama- zons, also obeyed his orders. The loader of the big. insurrection directed against the French in Sicily and known to this cla.y- as the "Sicil- ian Vespers," was a youth of be- , tween seventeen and eighteen, whose sweetheart had been insulted.' by a French soldier. Ile strangled the ruffian with his bare hands—the Si- c -Flans had been forbidden to carry arms under pain of dea.th—and rush- ed through the streets of Palermo excitedly calling on the 'citizens to rise against their oppressors. This they immediately did, and to such good purpose that by evening not a single ono of tho hated race was left alive within the walls. Then, put- ting himself at the head of a hastily - organized, force, kirmed with the. weapons looted from their dead en - em es, the instigator of the revolt stormed in rapid succession Conigio, Carina Mazer°, IsIarsala, and several other places of lesser note, every- where putting the garrismis to the sword and confiscating their arms and possessions. It .is said that, some 28,000 Frenchmen periShed hi this terrible uprising. After the disastrous battle of Al- manza (Spain), where, for almost proximity is generally indicated by to the right, throwing the aim forde it cooling Of .the :atmosphere arid the bly back. Then swing to the left. Falai but if the steamer' ancl the wind T1443.iniontoy1.01T nriaghotcatogalointino ono hurl_ are both approaching the berg dim- dred times in each direction, you will bo greatly relieved. And if you practise it daily while waiting for breatfast and for dinner you will never experience tho horrors of dys- pepsia. e If you are punctual at your ap- pointment, and the other party is lat,e, do net fidget, but 'place your' hand at the back of 3rour neck whore the hair joins it, and- rub down- wards. You will thus empty the glands, and prevent them from swel- ling, and turning into boils. Or put your fingers on the neck. -at the angles of the jaw, and draw them sinartly downwards ever the coarse of the jugular vein. You will remove tho used -up blood from the brain, and make that organ feel light and clear. This will prevent ,fits of an- ger, and ward off apoplexy. ANOTHER EXCELLENT WAY of utilising spare moments is by tak- ing deep inspirations.: Stand. with shoulders thrown back, and take a deep breath every -minute for five or six aninittes. You will astonish ev- ery microbe' of consumption,. bron- chi tis„ or influenza, that may be 01 - side, and thoy will probably Lake your deep breath inspirations as 06 - {deo to (mit. If you do this daily, you stand a good chance of escaping most lung diseases. An admirable practice is that of taking a, few minutes' non 'whenever you get the chance. Observe your dog or your cat. He lies down twenty -Unica a day, and gives his brain a rest. But tho human brain 18 much. more in need of occasional relaxation, Yet not: one in a thotrs- and permits it to be completely at rest from the time he gets up in the . morning, ' until he goes to bed at night. Try this plan, and you will find that 'yea are always fresh and fit for work. 'If you have, 'varicose Velna, yea are , , almoet ,eertain, mg the night or in thick tveather, the danger may not be seen until too 'late. As these icebergs travel south, their natural to/looney is to melt, and this causes them to give out a clinking, tinkling sound as the mo- tion of the Sea knocks broken pieces against each other, which may be heard for a considerable distance. Icebergs. often' assume odd shapes. One recently reported b'y a skipper Wits formed exactly like a church. The square bulk formed the body of the church, while a spire of leo rose in the air to form the steeple on the front of the frozen edifice. in- dentation seemed to form a main en- trance. 1)IVIKII3S CAN Wir 11K A'1'. Suletnitrirm divers liave not vet silo- . ceedecl in reaching 200 fefti, belorr the Sl1rftee with all tile advatit.age oit that heat sup inc before night if I sink (-Item. 'Ilio effort licts been mode, (11(1111 square up. Hang it ail, a, to reitch a 000001-1 in 240 ft. of \valor, fel len ought, to have sorrie sort, of a, illie adcounts sin Le that a t 130 ft, show, oughtn't he ?"' the (liver begat). to es:eerie:nee soirees . . t)otiblo. AL 200 11., 1i.1101' Suffering in b,iT:c11 worldteI 1 iiolsbi clit, cop is, ac.teti. 1 0 ,2f1t, ,O,61 ,I ,0_ ; Ito; i ) , ay() 11:, antN, . . ,,ts is. 1 . t_i, (,y1 1 g19,145:04, LINI001:1:1101(3,1):1111.:5,0:01,c,1c..-Ivie i::1(i:sot 11r,).....o,,ti:1.?..4,t0(1,L1‘;-;1111;;(S)Sti, ,,,,,,•10110,111 trai•iia