The Exeter Times, 1893-8-10, Page 7o
yre or.ve
'The rig; i`ieesr7, color, and beauty of the
hair, the greatest care is necessary,
much, harm being done by the use of
worthless, dressings. To" be sure of
1 ving a fixet,class article, ask your
druggist or perfumer for Ayer's Hair
'YigOr, it is absolutely superior to any
other preparation of the kind. It
;estores;the original color and fullness
to hair which bas become thin, faded,
of gray. 'I`: keeps the scalp cool, moist,
and freer from dandruff. It heals itching
humors, prevents baldness, and imparts
rn
ti
THE IR
liken texture .and lasting fragrance.
toilet can be considered complete
thout this most popular and elegant
all hair -dressings.
`My llahmean turning gray and
ng out wt I was about 5 years of
o.: I haw,. aitely been using Ayers
it Vigor, and it is causing a new
wth of hair of the natural color-"--
. Lowry, Jones Prairie, Texas.
Over a year ago I had a severs
e when I recovered, :.,sr hair
an to fall out, and what little remail.
tuned gray. I tried various remedies,
without success, till at last T began
LJSE
is Hair Vigor, and now my hair is
ving rapidly and is restored to its
nal color.' —Mrs. Annie Collins,
assn, Mass,.
1 have used Ayer's Hair Vigor foi
rly five years, and my hair is moist,
sy, and in an excellent state of
•ervation. I am forty years old, and.
ridden the plains for twenty-five
s.'—Wrn. Henry Ott, alias "Mus.
Pill," Newcastle, 1.1tyo.
Ayer's
air Vagor'
ed by Dr. T. C. Ayer es Co., Lowell, Mass.
Sold by Drugg,s s Everywhere.
CENTRAL
rug Store
YANSON'S BLOCK.
'uil stook of all kinds of
ye -stuffs and package
Dyes, constantly on
hand, Winan's
Condion
Po Alt -
the
-the best
in the mark-
et and always
esh. Family reoip-
carefully prepared at
saltDrug Store Exete
Cr L U TZ.
latest -triumph in p ,armacy for the cure
the symptoms indicating fi»sur AND
=plaint. rot( you are troubled with
eness, Dizziness, Sour Stomach,
adache, Indigestion. Poon APPETITE,
D FEBIANe, :RHEUMATIC PAINS ; Sleepless
ts, Melaneholys Feeling, BACK ACuE,
embray's Kidney and Liver Cure
give immediate relief and EFFECT -A Cure.
d al; all Drug Stores.
Peterboro' Ziledlcine Co., Limited.
PETERIMRO', ONT.
HAVE YOU
az
fiat F,
lance
a said
) near
hones
ootms
KIDNEY
( WILL CURE YOU'
PILLS
"Bac ac he the scavengers
eans-the kid- of the system.
fieys are in "Delay :is
Kidney Pills give I dated kidney
prompt relief.' troubles result
6'75 per veld. n Bad Blood,
o a'isease is Dyspepsia, Liver
rst caused 6y Complaint, and
disordered kid- the most dan-
"Mightas well Brights Disease,
try to have a Diabetes and
healthy y Dropsy."
ivithout sewer- "T he above
age, as good diseases cannot
ior health when the exist w here
beco kidneys are Poeld's Kidney
clogged, they nre Pills are used.'
anY Scla by all dcaldrs or sent by snail on vcccipt
iP4gN, of oleo so cenee per box or sist for So,so.
Da le It; Smith fir co. Toronto. Write tor
Of J
vas qt
erratum
NORTHERN STEAMBOATS.
Three Little Vessels That Ply in the 'Kea'
kenzie Basin,
CarryingFrofwbt by Inland Routes from
Civil.tzation. to the A, retie Seas—Lumber
Sawn by hand to Build Tbeni•-+The Ilap-
1ds That Separate Their Courses—Furth-
er Prospects for Arctic Elver Moats.
Three steamers ply on great Canadian
rivers far outside the pals of the populous
part of the continent. These waters all flow
to the Arotio Ocean, The steamers belong
to the Hudson Bay Company, and are a
great convenience to all who visit the north-
ern part of the Dominion.
We have heard how steamers on the Con-
go and the Central African lakes were car-
ried on backs of men for hundreds of miles
before they were pat together and launch-
ed. It required almost as much effort to
set the Hudson Bay Company's steamers
afloat in the Canadian Northwest. Nearly
two years were spent h 1882.8:3 building the
little steamer Grahame at Fort Chippewyan
on Lake Athabasca. Every foot of lumber
was sawn by hand from pine trees near the
lake. Her machinery was carried hundreds
of miles over an almost roadless
country and when she was lauech-
ed the little fiat -bottomed stern-
wheeler of 140 tons was not much to look
at. Her companion boat, the Athaba tea,
built at Athabasca Landing, on the river
of that name, is a stern -wheeler of the
same capacity; but she was built at much
less cost, fere a portable sawmill on the
river bank ripe., nate the lumber in short.
order. The third steettinee s one of the few
single town. Out:map shows, however. how
uumerous are the trading boats of the Hud-
spn Bay Company. They are scattered by
the score along these great waterways and
sometimes are planted far from the rivers.
They are places of rendezvous and revietnal,
ling for traders and were chosen for their ad-
vantages as the meeting placesof hunters
and traeellere, If in the development of
this region villages are ever planted they
will be reared upon the sites of thea posts
just as Quebec, Montreal, Toronto, Niagara
and Winnipeg were built around the forts
of the early Canadian traders.
Some of these posts have acquired cele-
brity from the fact that famous explorers,
like Mackenzie, Franklin, Back,. and Rich-
ardson, visited and described them, Fort
McMurray dominates the confluence of the
Athabasca and Clear Water rivers, and is a
natural meeting place for hunters and
traders. At Fort Chippewyan nearly one
hundred people live, making it quite a city
in the thinly peopled region. It was an
mportant station even when Mackenzie ex-
plored tee river that bears his name, and
he called it the "Little Athens" of the
north. Fort Smith, ou the Great Slave
River, is one of the busiest of the posts.
Further north, Forts Resolution and Prov-
idence, on the Great Slave Lake, were
made famous by the Franklin expedition.
Fort Reliance, once an importantpost, was
long ago abandoned. Now nothing re-
mains of it but a heap of ruins, Fort Rae,
on, a northern arm of Great Slave Lake,
was abandoned, but was restored at the
cost of the British and Canadian Govern-
ments, and was occupied in 1882•S3 as one
of the circum -polar stations.
The principal post between Great Slave
and Great Bear lakes is Fort Simpson, at
A 2t,
�K es- Lie*
F�4�
... set
• e �tl,•sn 1r t7 y :iC y
OU!
yy'1 x w X ,,K,tsy
and the round trip would 'require .about
seventy-five days,
At present the only source of revenue, in
all this vast region ie, fur. The business .of
all whites, except the missionaries, is fur
trading, and they, too, engagein ib to aorne
extent. A few yearn, ago the Canadian
Parliament appoit ec,1 a committee to. in
quire into the resources of the Mackenize
basin. This committee spent months ex-
amining a large number of )witnesses who
bed lived 1011.6ein the region and were coin -
potent to testify as to its capabilities, The
report was published in a large volume
which contains much interesting infor'ma
tion. On elle whole, however, the committee
took a too roseat view, though there is no
doubt agriculture and stock raising may: be
followed to some extent in the Peace and
Liard river districts, It will be long, how-
ever, before this region is turned to much
account ;; and not until the great prairies
of southern Canada have become the homes
of many thousands of people will there be
any temptation for colonists to move fur-
ther north and the three steamers now
plying in the daokenize 'basin are likely to
be adequate to the needs of the country for
a long time to come.
LIGHTING FIRES BY EMOTION.
Primitive Methods Still in. Use Among
Some Indian Tribes.
Centuries ago—before the white men had
Penetrated into the lands of the Klamlth,
Pueblo and other Indian tribes ot the west
—wood friction was the method employed
by the north American Indiana. The same
manner of kindling fires can be observed
among many of them to -day. No other
method is employed by the Eskimos and
other northern uncivilized people, and later
than 1888 wood'frictibu was used to kindle
the fire at the white dog feast by the New
''ork Iroquois Indians and the Onondaga
Iroquois of Canada. The operation of ignit.
ing tinder by wood friction is varied, but
in every instance it is peculiarly ingenious.
The most primitive form of apparatus con-
sists of two pieces of wood, one of some dry,
loose -grained tilnber, which is the piece to
be operated upon, and the other, or spindle,
of hard wood, which must be very dry. The
first piece is laid flat on the ground close
to the tinder which is to be ignited, and a
small hole is cut in the floor to receive the
wood powder as it is ground from the loose•
greiged wood. The hard wood spindle is
then taken bete een thepalms of the hands,
and having first pressed the point against
the other piece of wood it is twirled rapid -
causing a
ADVALLX INCREAs1NO F}LICTION'
Ars.
Fonts SIMPSON.—At the junction of the Mackenzie and Liard rivers.
river steamers that ply within the Arctic
Circle, was built in 1386 at Fort Smith on the
Great Slave River. The Wrigley, as ahe is
called, is a little thing, but she cost a round
sum, for every piece of lumber in her was
sawn by hand, and all her machinery was
carried 100 miles by horses over terrible
roads, then taken in scows 250 miles, and
then transferred to the Grahame and car•
rind 300 miles further before it could be
put into the hull ot the Wrigley. The com-
pany
pany depends upon the Wrigley to supply
all trading stations along the Mackenzie,
between Fort Smith and the Arctic Ocean.
Unlike the other boats, she is a propeller.
She carries only thirty tons of freight and
her engine drives her about eight miles an
hoar. Fort Smith is her most southern
lauding place, and by the time she steams
north to Fort MacPherson on Peel River,
near the Mackenzie delta, and back again,
she has merle a round-trip journey of 2,600
miles,
The reason why these steamers were built
so far from one another is that they were
required to ply on portions of the Mac-
keuziesystemthat are separated by stretches
of falls or rapids impassable by steamboats.
Each steamboat is confined to its own stretch
of water and freight is carried from one vessel
to another by scows or land portage. Alt
goods which the Hudson Bay Company or
missionaries carry into the Mackenzie basin
are taken over the Canadian Pacific to Cal-
gary, then on the branch line to Edmonton
on the North Saskatchewan, where they are
transferred to wagons for the portage 100
miles northeast to Athabasca Landing,
where they are loaded on the Athabasca
which plies 265 miles to the head of the
Grand Rapids. At the foot of these rapids
is Fort McMurray, and here the Grahame
waits for the cargo the Athabasca brings.
rhe Grahame plies from Fort McMurray
to Fort Chippewyan, about 290 miles, and
also by the Peace River to the Vermilion
220 miles from. Fort Chippewyan. The
total course of the Grahame accordingly is
about 420 miles. Mese three vessels,
therefore, afford steam navigation along
2,000 miles of river routes, meeting with
only two series of rapids impassable by
steamers.
The first of these is the Grand Rapids of
the Athabasca River, eighty-five miles long.
The Hudson Bay Company carries its
freight through these rapids in large boats,
each manned by ten or twelve men and with
a carrying capacity of about ten tons. They
run through ten rapids before they reach
Fort l4civlurray and some of the rapids are
named from incidents that have occurred in
them. One of them is Boiler Rapid, taking
its name from the fact that the boiler in-
tended for the Wrigley was lost there in
1882 by the wrecking of the scow that car-
ried it. This accident delayed for a long
time the building of the vessel. Another
is known as Drowned Rapid, because a
Mr.. Thompson was drowned there, and a
little latter Mr. Ogilvie, the famous Cana-
dian explorer, lost one of his men in the
same treacherous current. There is plenty
of water to float a steamer, but vessels with
the present steaming power cannot ascend
the rapids. In the opinion of many, how-
ever, the Grahame could be so equipped
that it would be possible for her to make
the joerney both ways.
The second and last obstacle is at Smith's
Landing in Great Slave River, where four-
teen miles of land portage are required. It
is here that the Cariboo :Mountains cross
the river channel, staid the result is a series
of formidable rapids and some falls which..
aggregate a drop of 240 feet in fourteen
miles, putting all thought of navigation
out of the question. At the foot of these
rapids is Fort.S,nith, and' from this point.
navigation is practically unimpeded to. the
Arctic Ocean. The total length of rapids
between Athabascan Landing and the Mac-
keneie delta ie ninety-nine miles, Adding
to this the hundred miles land portage front
Edmonton to Athabasca Landing, and w
see that goods may be carried from an
part of civilized America to the Arctic Oceae
by.steam along inland routes except frn
about 200 miles.
The crossing of. Great Slave Lake tests
the qualities of the little Wrigley ; for this
inland seals larger, than some of our five
great lakes, arid at times the waves are very
high.
In all the long stretch of country served;
by, these:. little steamboats, there is not
out a little heap of wood pow -
into this hole referred to.
great) deal of heat, and
cd wood dust begins
little time enough
'enition by spon-
me, is never pro
The weed or
contact with . ,
fanned into a
the confleence of the Mackenzie and 'the
Liard rivers. Our illustration shows its
large buildings and the vast bodies of wa-
ter which meet here ; for the Mackenzie is
the third largest river in North America,
amd its Liard affluent is as large as many a
famous European river. The most northern
post is Fort Macpherson on the Peel River,
and it, is the only fort worthy of the name.
For many years it has been kept in a state
of adequate defence, owing toIthe attack
made upon it long ago by Eskimos of the
Mackenzie delta.
It usually takes the Wrigley eight or
nine days to make the journey front Fort
Smith to Fort Macpherson. On the return
journey her average rate is five aud nine -
tenths ndles an hour, only a little more
than heir her speed descending the river.
There are possibilities of steam navigation
in the Mackenzie basin that have not yet
been tested. Mr. Ogilvie, who recently
made an extensive journey on the Liard
and Peace rivers thinks that both may be
largely utilized as steamer routes, A
short distance up the Liard is a rapid, but
sufficient weter flows over the ledge to per-
mit the passage of flat-bottomed steamers
for most of the summer. If this proves
true, the Liard eau be navigated by
steamboats for 200 miles and at the furthest
point the best branch joins it, and Oglivie
says the east breech affords 100 miles more
of navigable waters. Long stretches of
many rivers are adapted for navigation by
flat boats, and it is believed that there are
6,000 miles of waterways in the Mackenzie
basin which in one way or another may
be utkized as highways.
The Wrigley has not yet gone further
down the iMackenzie than the head of the
delta, though it is said to be practicable to
reach the sea. and very likely the experi-
merit will be tried this season. Whether
vessels can pee from the delta into the
ocean is still an unsettled question, but it
is probable that bare impede the delta chan-
nels at the mouths.
It is evident from this short sketch of
navigation in the Mackenzie basin that
travellers may easily and quickly teach the
Arctic Wean by an Inland route. The only
difficulty would be to catch the steamer
Athabasca when she leaves the Landing for
the Grand Rapids. None of the steamers
has a regular date for starting, •their move-
ments being governed by the needs of the
Hudson Bay Company. The Athabasca,
however, usually leaves the Landing about
the first days of June, and makes close con-
nections with the steamers further down
the rivers. From Grand Rapids it would
take three or four days to reach Fort Me -
Murray ; then only one day would be needed
to reach Fort Chippewyan, another day
would take the traveller to Smith's Land-
ing, and another would suffice for the por-
•
•
Smith's Lase'
sweet,. tee
Fort mito
so
As oht4,,
The dots show Hudson Bay posts.
bage around the rapids to Fort Smith. In
nine or ten days more the traveller would
be at Fort MatiPherson, and if he desired
to reach the Arctic coast the Hudson 13ay
Company would place at his disposal canoes
and canoe men, which now form the prime.
tive style of travelling in the delta. A jour-
ney of 4,000 miles from Ottawa would take
the traveller to the Arctic coast. Near the
coast he would find himself in the land of
the midnight sun, and throughout the jour-
ney be would likely experience as pleasant
weather as he would fied anStwhere in Oan.
ada. The journey would cost about $300
to
heat is
taneous
duced by tie
must be brough
der and cautious
Another form is called the " pu
weighted drill," and Mr. Hough, in the
port of the National museum, says that th
apparatus is used " in only two localities
in the world" for making fires—viz, among
the Chukchis, of Siberia, and the Iroquois
Indians of New York aud Canada. The
apparatus is very ingeniously constructed.
It consists of a piece of soft or loose -grained
wood, as in the first case, and the " pump"
or spindle. The spindle is made of well -
seasoned elm or other hard wood. It is
usually about two feet long, and has a kind
of a fly wheel about three inches from the
bottom. A crosspiece of wood with a hole
in the centre large enough for the spindle
to pass through easily Is then adjusted as
the " pump' han ile. Attached to each
end of this handle are cords, which aro
fastened to the top of the spindle and twist-
ed around it in such a manner that moving
the handle up and down will
ceusr IT TO REVOLVE RAPIDLY
in alternate directions, thus ereating
maximum amount of friction at the point
of contact with the loose -grained wood.
This was the kind of apparatus used by the
Iroquois Indiana at the white dog feed of
1888. The -natives of the East rndies and
ofA ustralia need another method for obtain-
ing ignition by ineans of wood friction.
" Their method is by " sawing." A V-
shaped notch us first cut lengthwise in a
piece of bamboo—almost penetrating it.
Then another piece of bamboo or other hard
wood is shaped like the blade of a knife,
and this is drawn backward and forward,
after the manner of sawing, until the lo A er
piece is pierced and the heated wood pow-
der fails through. Dr. R. M. Luther tells
the following incident of lighting a fire by
this process : " A Burmese found a branch
of the oil tree, hewed in it a V-shaped
cavity, cut a knife of ironwood, sawed with
it acres§ the branch, and in less than three
minutes had. a coal of fire underneath.
This was taken in some dry leaves, wrapped
in a bunch of grass and whirled arouud the
head, giving a flame in a " jiffy." This
method, however, does not seem to have
been ever used by the North American
Indiane.—[Bufialo Times.
Norma NAV A.L PO WER,
VIM Importance of the Navy Over the
Army—A Writer Points Out I'lltat Brit
alit Can Only be A ttaelted by tang, at
Two PointS,
There is no more interesting and ettrec-
tive subject just now thau the natry ot
Great Britain. lt costs the taxpayer of
the 'United Kingdom $75,000,000 per
annum. It guards the vast worldwide
commerce of the Britieh Empire, amount-
ing all told to $6,000,000,000 in value every
year. Its vessels have cost over 5300,000,-
000, It protects half the merchant toe -
nage of the world, It enables the British
Isles to be fed in safety from abroad,
where a hundred years ago their people
lived upon home grown food prodects. It
commands the seas—or is suppoaed to do so
and thus saves the people from having to
support stupendous standing armies. It
holds the Empire together and wherever
British interests are menaced, whether by
Russian or American ships in the Behring
Sea or by French men-of-war at Bangkok,
its cruisers appear and commend instant
respect.
Hence the deep interest attaching to an
unusually weilwritten and thoughtful arti-
cle in the current Nineteenth Century by
comes to the deenite conclusion that Eng-
land's naval sepremecy is only
TIIREATIWED BY ()NT tatTioef,
and that is France. But he believes that
we still retain command, of the seas and
seems to think, on the whole, that a war
with the French Republie would not seri-
ously endanger 13ritish power or commerce.
The long strnggle with Napoleon is instanc-
ed in this conneetion. While British com-
merce has enormously increased sioce then,
yet the use of steem, the necessity for
coaling stations and depots of supply, has
tirely changed the situation and made the
balance even more fevoreble to us. From
1793, and on for twenty-one years, the
whole maritime energies of France were
devoted to the subjuvation of Englaud
through the destruction of her com-
merce, with the result that 11,000
merchaut vessels were captured der-
ing the whole period, while the num-
ber of British vessels engaged in foreign
trade increased steadily from 16,875 in 1795
to 23,703 in 1810, and. those entering and
clearing from the ports of Great Britain
averaged 51,000 a year. And prize ships
and merchandise captured by our cruisers
compensated in value for all that were seiz-
ed by the enemy ; to such an extent indeed
that the French Directory in 1799 was con-
strained to admit that " not a single mer-
chant shin is on the sea carrying the French
flag." Afr. Brassey then concludes that
13ritish commerce would once more be rea-
sonably safe if only the navy is maintained
at its proper strength and is efficiently
officered and manned. That strength is to
be gauged by the impossibility of a serious
expedition leaving an enemy's port without
British fleet being immediately sent in
nosey is a firm believer in the
porte.nce of the navy to the
ed the former is sufficiently
e can only be
Lightning Cookery.
Prince Bismarck's old chef, who is now
head cook in a big Berlin restauraet, recent.
ly won a novel bet, and gave a surprising
exhibition of his mastery of the culinary
art. He bad wagered. $50 that he could
kill, clean, cook and. serve a chicken, all in
six minutes. The wager was decided at
night in the cafe of the restaurant, in the
presence of a big crowd. The cook appear-
ed at nine o'clock on an improvised plat-
form, upon which stood a gas cooking
stove. He held a live chicken high over
his head, and the fowl cackled loudly. One
blow of the keen carver severed the head
from the neck, and the cook began to pick
the feathers with great swiftness. It to6k
just one minute to get rid of every feather.
In less than another minute the expert had
opened and cleaned the fowl, and had
placed it upon a broiler on the gas tatove.
The cook busied himself at the broiler,
seaSoning the fowl as it cooked. It lacked
just a second of the sixth minute' when he
stepped tram the platform and served
the chicken to'the nearest guest amid great
applause. --[London Figaro,
-Peas on Sod Ground.
Will some one who has had experience in
sowing .peas and barley tell me if they have
ever tried plowing in the peas on sod
around ? I have some ground that is quite
smooth and had thoughts of plowing one
furrow around the piece and then ?owing
peas in the furrow and covering by the
next but am afraid that the peas will not
come up. Le'st 5tear I harrowed the peas
in but when the first shower came, about
half of the peas were on top of the ground.
Each adult inhales a gallon of air a min-
ute and consumes thirty ounces of oxygen a
day.
Children Cry for 'Pitcher's Castori4
at t
the for
the power of
British troops le
invaded by Russia
could be landed more
have added via the Cana
way—than Russian tr
potted frotn their di
foreign power to co
briefly either Aus
would require an a
men. Under pro er c
DY LAND
nwpr
AIL 1 vime 44,
For two years I suffered tctrribilor
with stomach trouble, and v':•as for
all that time under treatment by a
physician. He firtall: after trying
everything, said stomach was about
worn out, and that I would have to
cease eating solid food for a time at
least. 1 was so weak that 1 could,
not work. Finally on the recom.
mendation of a friend who bad used
your prepara.tions
Astowmoarno-ho.ut wboitthtle 10)efneAfictlie: ;set -
sults, I procured a
Flower,y and coin..
menced using it. It seemed to do
me good at once. I gained in
strength and flesh rapidly; my ap-
petite became good, and I suffered
no bad effects from what I ate. 1
feel now like a new man, and con-
sider that August Flower has en-
tirely cured rue of Dyspepsia in its
worst form. JArags E. DErmR.ter;
Saugerties, New 'York.
writes : I have used your August
Flower for Dyspepsia and find it •in
FRED W. FARN005.1B,
Provinoial Land Surveyor and Civil En -
Office. Upstairs eiantwelle Block., Exater.Ont
illOttlEY TO LOAN.
14'011E1 TO LOAN AT 6 AND
lie compausesrepreeented,
II. EC DICKSON
ttacked by
ly an
th
It is a eertzin mat speedy cuts tor
Oold in the Reed suariCatarsItin alit*
SOOTHING, CLEANSING,
instant Relief, Permanent
Care, Failure ImpossiNe.
symptoms et Catarrh, mu& as )14&&
ache, partial deafness, losing Seale oi
on, foul breath, barking ana spit.
&uses., general tooling' al de.
to. 11 you aro troubled with
eto or thidted symptoms,
tarrli, and should rose no
uring bottle et NA91M
warned in time, neglaoted
pat results in Catarrh, Li.
y consumption and death.
atx.x la sold by ell druggists,
A be net, poet pa E4, reoeli4
"0 tenni and$L00>by r.ddrearing
Brockville, Ont.
gh-
ns-
For
or hold
uth Africa
least 50,000
ons their abil-
ity to transport t em se ely would be nil
and should somewhat resemble Napoleon
with his 130,000 men waiting on the Bou-
logne heights for nearly two years a chalice
to embark and cross the Channel.
The writer regrets the expenditures upon
Melbourn defences, upon London, and upon
the forts intended to protect Chatham,
Portsmouth, etc. He thinks coaling places
such as Adere Ceylon, Singapore, Hong
Kong, Cape Town, Simon's Bay, St Helena,
Mauritius, Bermuda, and those in the West
Indies, do well to be protected against
chance attack against one or
110STELE GMT/SEES,
bub that further expenditure is a waste.
Their best defemce, as. that of England's
shores, lies in the navy itself. Not neces.
sarily upon the presence of British ships in
the vicinity, but upon the nevy's ability to
keep a distant enemy confined to a narrow
circle of conflict. Halifax, Mr. Brassey
considers the one British coaling station
connected with Canada, Australia, South
Africa or India, which 'comes between the
radius a action of fleets in European
waters. Gibraltar and Malta require to be
specially defended and held at any cost.
So with the Cape of Good Hope. In the
event of war with France Mr. Brassey con-
siders the necessity and policy of Great
Britain to lie not in effective armies and
powerful fortifications, but in possessing :
1. Battleships enough to commaad the
sea by overpowering any large fleets which
might be combined for offensive action.
2, The maintenance of a sufficient force
of cruisers M a.ct as. a sort of commercial
patrol of the seas and to deal with any
small expeditions against the Colonies
which might escape our principal fleets.
3. The immediate capture of the enemies,
coaling stations and colonies. The posses-
sions of aranee in China, Tonquin and
Africa with the possible exception of Al-
geria, Mr. Brassey thinks, would fall au
easy prey.
But, in any case, the author of this most
interesting article considers the navy is all-
important to Britain, and instead of costing
£15,000,000 a year as compared with the
army expenditure of £20,000,000, the sit-
uation should be reversed.
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Send 25 "Sunlight" Soap wrappers (the
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nrtIfILER
WIED
C 01 -ERA
DIARRHOEA
eYSENTERY
41'4E0 COPANTS
CH IL OREN 6rADULTS
BEWARE oF IMITATIONS
Waste of Fertilizers.
It might be said with considerable truth
that about one-half of all manure is wasted.
The great body of water which eolteets on
the barn must run down to eaves and drip
epee the top of the manure beep, and as
this water teaches down and runs away it
carries the most valuebfe part of tee mans
ure with it. Tons of -water fall upon it in
this way every winter, and thq 'Liss is tre.
mendous. Manure is so valeatete now that
it is worth the trouble of cerrying away
from the eaves of the barn. Take, it to soine
safe place, and pile it compact -1e ie a soli(
'Regulates the Stornachj
Liver a nd 'Bowels, un locks
'Blood and removes all im-
purities from. tit ?innple to
the worst Scrofulous Sore.
DYSPEP S IA. BILIOUSNESS,
SALT RHEUM. SCROFULA.
HEART BURN. SOUR STOMACH
DIZZINESS. DROPSY
RHE UMAT I SM, SKIN DISEASES
Waste of Fertilizers.
It might be said with considerable truth
that about one-half of all manure is wasted.
The great body of water which eolteets on
the barn must run down to eaves and drip
epee the top of the manure beep, and as
this water teaches down and runs away it
carries the most valuebfe part of tee mans
ure with it. Tons of -water fall upon it in
this way every winter, and thq 'Liss is tre.
mendous. Manure is so valeatete now that
it is worth the trouble of cerrying away
from the eaves of the barn. Take, it to soine
safe place, and pile it compact -1e ie a soli(