The Rural Voice, 1987-10, Page 59ADVICE
soybeans in rows, as well as grain crops
with the straw removed and which were
not underseeded, will probably make it
more difficult to achieve 20 per cent
cover after planting.
The type of tillage system used to
prepare the seedbed greatly affects the
amount of residue left after planting. On
corn residue, we found that fall mold-
board plowing followed by spring sec-
ondary tillage left 10 to 20 per cent
residue after planting. We also noticed
that disking or cultivating the plowed
soil seemed to increase the amount of
trash slightly, probably because the
buried residue was brought back to the
surface.
Fall mulching followed by spring
secondary tillage on corn left 55 to 65
per cent corn residue after planting.
Strip tillage, with trash whippers
mounted ahead of the planting unit, left
the most corn residue after planting,
ranging from 45 to 80 per cent depend -
'ng on the previous year's com yield.
•
How do you determine what per
centage of residue cover you have left?
I was given a rope with 50 knots spaced
one every five inches. The rope should
be laid on the diagonal to the direction of
tillage. You then stand over the rope and
count the number of knots that touch a
piece of residue which is at least 1/8" x
1 1/4" in size. Multiply the total number
by two to give you a percentage.
A number of random sites should be
counted in the field to give a representa-
tive percentage. Try to do counts on hill
crests, slopes and low areas, then aver-
age them out to give you an average per
cent cover for the field.
You can obtain a residue recorder
from your local OMAF office for $10,
make your own, or even use a tape
measure.0
Katie Gibb
Conservation Technician
Perth County
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