The Rural Voice, 1999-09, Page 11Scrap Book
Advanced feed
processing offers
10% gains
Advanced forms of feed
processing such as pelleting.
expanding, extruding and roasting
feed can improve nutrient avail-
ability, growth performance and
feed efficiency in hogs by as much
as 10 per cent, says Prof. Kees de
Lange of the University of Guelph.
During pelleting, expansion or
extrusion, various degrees of heat
and friction are applied to disrupt
cell walls (fiber) and starch
granules in the feed. The
processes may also destroy anti -
nutritional factors in feed — such
as anti -trypsins in soybeans —
that interfere with the proper
digestion and utilization of
nutrients. Some disease -causing
organisms such as salmonella may
also be destroyed.
The value of various process-
ing methods is determined by
three key factors, de Lange says:
• The age of the pig, In young pigs
— especially those up to about 20
kg body weight — the digestive
system is still developing. As a
result, the value of feed processing
is greater in weaner and starter pig
diets (more than 10 per cent) than
in diets for finishing pigs or
gestating sows (three to seven per
cent).
• Feed composition and type of
feed ingredients. Differences in
contents and type of starch and
fibre affect the response to
processing. For example,
growing -finishing pigs fed a
barley or wheat based diet
improve efficiency by five to eight
per cent with pelleting compared
to three to five per cent for corn.
• Reductions in feeding value due
to over -processing. If feed is
processed too severely or isn't
processed uniformly feed values
may be negatively affected and
may predispose pigs for diarrhea.0
—Source: Pig Pens
LUniversity of Guelph/OMAFRA)
r
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SEPTEMBER 1999 7