The Rural Voice, 1993-12, Page 521 tbsp (15 ml) chopped pimento
1/3 cup (75 ml) toasted slivered
almonds
Prepare turkcy roast according to
package directions. In saucepan,
combine chicken broth and water;
bring to boiling. Stir in rice and
saffron.
Cover and simmer about 25
minutes or until water is absorbed.
Remove from heat. Sur in snipped
parsley, chopped pimento and
almonds. Serve with hot sliced turkey
roast.
HERB STUFFING
8 slices brcad
1 cup (250 ml) chopped onion
1/4 cup (50 ml) butter or
margarine
1/2 cup (125 ml) chopped celery
leaves
1/2 tsp (2 ml) dricd basil, crushed
1/2 tsp (2 ml) dried thyme,
crushed
1/2 tsp (2 ml) dried savory,
crushed
Place bread on cooling racks. Let
dry overnight; pull apart into small
pieces, about 4 cups. In medium
skillet, cook onion in butter until
tender but not brown.
Stir in bread crumbs, celery
leaves, basil, thyme, savory, 1/2 tsp
(2 ml) salt, dash pepper and 3 to 4
tbsp (50 to 65 ml) hot water.
MUSHROOM STUFFING
12 oz sliced and cubed white
bread, toasted
1 tbsp (15 ml) butter
2 medium onions, chopped
1 Ib (500 g) fresh mushrooms,
sliced
2 cups (500 ml) thinly sliced
celery
1/2 cup (125 ml) chopped parsley
1 tsp (5 ml) ground sage
3/4 tsp (3 ml) salt
Optional: 1/4 tsp (1 ml) marjoram
and 1/4 tsp (1 ml) savory.
Melt butter in saucepan (large) add
onions and mushrooms and saute
over medium heat about 12-15
minutes until most of liquid has
seeped out of the mushrooms and
evaporated, stir frequently.
Remove from heat, sur in celery
and parsley. Then sur in toasted
bread cubes and sprinkle with
seasonings. Mix thoroughly.0
48 THE RURAL VOICE
Water Matters
Livestock watering devices
Society's environmental concern
over water quality has created a
demand to protect our natural
resources. Livestock farmers with
streams or rivers within their
property boundaries are under
increasing pressure to reduce
pollution to those water sources by
changing their livestock manage-
ment practices.
A long time
custom of livestock
farmers, which is still
quite common, is
allowing herds access
to waterways while
on pasture. After
years of study,
evidence has shown
this tradition to have
several drawbacks.
One such adverse
effect is the negative
impact on water
quality not only at the
site but downstream
as well.
The first
step
towards water quality
improvement is to
totally restrict live-
stock from waterc-
ourses through fencing. If the
watercourse is the only available
supply of water, alternate water must
be provided. The three main types of
watering systems are:
• mechanically driven pumps
• electrically driven pumps
• gravity systems
Mechanically driven pumps
include hydraulic rams, wind mills,
and nose and instream water pumps.
The nose pump is activated by
livestock pressing on a diaphragm
pump with their nose to fill a water
bowl. These are used for smaller
herds (less than 20) and are excellent
for seasonal usage.
The instream water pump is
driven by the flow of water in the
nearby stream or river. This type of
pump needs a constant flow of water
and is capable of the same lift as a
nose pump — 25 feet.
Hydraulic rams provide energy
produced by water falling. This
pump also requires a dependable
flow and volume of water in order to
operate consistently. The lift for a
ram is five times the height of the
falling water.
With wind mills, water is pumped
from a shallow well or from a
surface water source. Only light
winds are necessary to gain
mechanical energy.
Electrically driven
pumps will operate on
two types of power
supply: a 12 and 24
volt DC supply or a
120 volt AC service.
In areas devoid of hy-
dro, a 12 volt DC mar-
ine battery and charg-
ing system is neces-
sary. Submersible or
suction pumps are
typically used in an
alternate water system.
Submersible pumps
have a lift of 25 feet
from the water source
whereas the suction
pump can lift 20 feet
from the source and
pump it over 100 feet.
Solar panels, hydro and
wind generators are available op-
tions for obtaining an effective, con-
tinuous charge of a 12 volt battery.
Gravity systems, also known as
spring boxes, generate power
through the use of gravity. Water is
collected through a collected tile
from a reliable source such as a
spring or stream. The water is
directed from a higher elevation to a
lower elevation and into a watering
tank. Clearly, some of the systems
discussed will require a water
storage reservoir when the system is
not generating.
For more information on this
topic or possible CURB Program
grants for this type of project,
contact your local Conservation
Authority.0
There
atte
rn
a
atives
to watering
stock
stre
ams
This is another in a series of articles
by Janette Smiderle of the Saugeen
Valley Conservation Authority,
highlighting information on water
quality in the rural environment.