The Rural Voice, 2002-10, Page 48Agri law
Community protection vs. business advantage
Paul G.
Vogel, a
partner in the
London law
firm of Cohen
Highley LLP.
By Paul Vogel
Where there is business advantage
to be gained from industrial
development, what consideration
should be given to a community's
desire to retain its agricultural and
rural character? With the continuing
expansion of urban areas and
industrial encroachment on
agricultural lands, this is an issue
increasingly confronting rural
municipalities.
The Ontario Municipal Board was
recently required to consider this issue
in the context of an application to
amend a rural township's official plan
and zoning by-law to permit
construction of a Targe water bottling
plant in an agricultural,
environmentally sensitive location.
The applicant company was already
shipping water from the site under
authority of a provincial permit which
it had obtained but proposed
construction of the plant to permit
water bottling on site. The township's
official plan had been developed in
contemplation of this application and
township planners supported the
application provided the company
instituted a long-term monitoring
program to assess impacts of the water
taking on the recharge of the area's
aquifer.
In response to the company's
position that, having obtained the
required provincial permit,'the Ontario
Municipal Board could not consider
the environmental and ecological
impacts of the water taking in deciding
the company's application, the Board
concluded that it "has a positive
obligation to examine the
environmental and ecological impact
of the proposed land use and its
associated water taking". The Board
stated:
44 THE RURAL VOICE
"As with so many other matters that
come before the Board,
consideration of the need to bottle
on site is really consideration of
conflicting ambitions. On the one
hand. there is the reasonable
business ambition of (the company)
to maximize its market position.
On the other hand, there is the
equally reasonable ambition of the
community — expressed through its
official plan — to maintain the
agricultural and rural character of
the community and to confine
industrial operations in general to
pre -identified industrial areas.
"In this case. the township has a
recently approved official plan that
reflects the ambition and vision of
its residents. It has made clear that
the plan is not simply an invitation
for site-specific amendments or
"let's make a deal" planning. It is
both reasonable and appropriate to
begin the analysis by testing the
need for the change which, if
approved, would alter the
community's ambition and vision.
"Bulk water is currently shipped by
tanker from the site and bottled
elsewhere. On the evidence of the
(company's) representatives, the
Board is satisfied that the "need" to
bottle on site is, at best, a question
of business advantage for
marketing purposes and not even a
question of business need."
i.. rejecting the company's
application to permit construction of
the water bottling plant, the Board
determined that the company's
application met neither the
requirements of provincial planning
policies requiring protection of ground
water sources or the intent of the
township's official plan. The Board
held:
"The proposed water bottling plant
will involve substantial additional
heavy truck movements and a
considerable increase in automobile
movements such that (the
company) proposes to widen,
straighten, flatten and pave the
existing side road. The additional
traffic will create additional noise,
vibration and fumes. Coupled with
the substantial changes proposed to
the side road, the Board finds that
there will be a significant change
to, and Toss of, the rural character in
this part of the community. The
township's ambition to protect its
rural character and natural
environment....will not then be
achieved in this part of the
community....
While the lands to be re -designated
as industrial seem relatively small —
about 14 acres — the re -designation
nonetheless introduces a strong and
intrusive non-agricultural use into
an agricultural area with active
agricultural operations. Slow
moving farm vehicles currently
compete for space on area roads
even without the pressure of
additional truck and automobile
traffic. Agricultural uses may also
be water -intensive, and uncertainty
about the (company's) drawdown
in groundwater levels creates
uncertainty about the degree of
flexibility that is then afforded to
existing and future agricultural
operations".
From this decision it is clear that
"business advantage" may not be a
sufficient basis for permitting
industrial development to infringe
upon agricultural lands in rural
communities. Even where provincial
authorization has been granted
providing access to the resources on
site, consideration of surrounding land
use and preservation of the rural
character of the community may
nevertheless defeat the proposed
development.0
Agrilaw is a syndicated column
produced by the full service London
law firm of Cohen Highley LLP. Paul
G. Vogel, a partner in the firm,
practices in the area of commercial
litigation and environmental law.
Agrilaw is intended to provide
information to farm operators on
topics of interest and importance. The
opinions expressed are not intended
as legal advice. Before acting on any
information contained in this column,
readers should obtain legal advice
with respect to their own particular
circumstances and geographical area.