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The Rural Voice, 2000-10, Page 48Marketing needs extra skill this fall By Dave Gordon The corn and soybean harvest has begun in the U.S. with 15 per cent of the corn crop and seven per cent of the soybean crop off by September 16. Early yields are a little variable. We've heard of corn yields from 90 bu. to 210 bu. depending on weather conditions in a particular area. Most analysts believe the USDA will have to lower corn yields by a bushel or so which would still give them a crop of about 10.2 billion bushels. However, even though soybean yields are improving as harvest progresses, the USDA may still reduce yields from today's 39.5 bu/acre which, is already down from the August report of 40.7 bu/acre. This uncertainty is so far, adding some support to prices. CORN: Even though corn harvest is progressing at a rapid pace, producers are not selling any new crop corn. In fact, redemptions of old crop corn probably make up the bulk of the U.S. sales. The U.S. elevator operator is prepared for a big corn crop and he will do everything possible to handle the crop. And, if the producer is not forced to sell corn, he won't. He will take the LDP or put the corn under loan thus keeping it off the market. Futureswise, the commercial firms are long and won't sell until cash corn is bought. The spec funds are short for the corn market and have been for several months. They will not buy their position in until prices move above $2/bu. As a result, December corn futures will probably trade between $1.85 and $2.00 with the possibility of the odd stab outside of this range. In Ontario, basis levels continue to 44 THE RURAL VOICE Grain Markets be very strong for both old and new crop corn. Ontario producers continue to hold on to old crop stocks with the hope that there will be a shortage of corn before harvest begins. The scenario likely won't come about because we are already getting calls about corn that is under 30 per cent moisture and ready to harvest and there is a good supply of corn in Michigan ready to move. A few comments to Ontario corn producers. Basis levels will likely stay firm due to the small Ontario crop. In fact, quasi -official statistics show the Ontario crop reduced by 7/bu/acre, which is still higher than I personally expect. Secondly, if producers haven't already looked at gas and hydro costs and drying rates, you will see about a 17 per cent to 30 per cent increase in drying charges across the province. Thirdly, we are seeing a great deal of stalk rot in corn that is nearing maturity and producers will need to be vigilant as more corn matures. It seems that Mother Nature and the markets are both ganging up on producers with less than ideal crop conditions and higher gas costs, which will also affect fertilizer prices next spring. SOYBEANS: The USDA's September report reducedsoybean production and last year's usage resulting in lower 2001 ending stocks of 365 million bushels. According to yields we're hearing from this crop, production may be reduced another one to two bushels by the time harvest is complete. Total soybean use continues at a good pace with projected use sitting at 2.8 billion bushels, not too far off production estimates of some analysts. The uncertainty about yields has put a good support under prices, which will hopefully hold through November. In Ontario, we're already seeing early soybeans coming in to elevators while, at the same time, producers are trying to empty their bins of old crop. As of this writing (September 22) there is still a fairly hefty premium for soys that are ready to ship by the end of September. Once we get into the harvest a little deeper, basis levels will back off if only for a month. I don't think yields are going to be too robust in many parts of Ontario, so there should be little pressure to sell right off the combine. However, if prices do hold or go up a little, be ready to sell a portion because down the road we're looking, at South America and the U.S. both planting more acres of soys and as we found out this year, you cannot always count on a drought scare to push markets higher. FEEDGRAINS: The most notable fact concerning all feedgrains is the presence of fusarium. Any feedgrain with low toxin levels should be in demand because of the fact that most cereal crops contain some level of fusarium. And, one agronomist told me that the Ontario corn crop has the probability of relatively high toxin levels given the incidence of fusarium that is present in this year's corn crop. Low vomitoxin wheat and barley will be needed by feed manufacturers to help offset high levels in other grains. At this time, we are not totally sure of the quality of western feed grains but typically the western grain has relatively low toxin levels. I know that grain producers are feeling pretty low these days given the prices of grain, the poor weather conditions this year and a very inadequate support program in Canada at a time when other countries are not dropping their support programs. I say Canada, because I don't understand why the provinces need to be involved at all in support programs that are national and international in scope. However, the reality is that grain must be and will be sold and in fact, many producers have locked in some great prices on a portion of their crops. Hindsight is always 20/20 and if we'd all been so smart, everyone would have sold all the old and new crop grain during the first week of May. Since only a small portion of new crop corn and soybean has been sold, what do we do now? The first thing to look at is the storage of crop development. Has the plant shut down because of cool