The Wingham Advance-Times, 1943-01-14, Page 7
PIONZEli, RAIL NOT iMPORr L1N! F(MW0412.1.: RAFF19 1, e..+
The White pass end. Yukon narrow gauge railway
'tine which the, Only. link between. the newly..
completed Alcan bighistay and the 'ocean., The
road; built .40 years 'ago to. haul gold
. _fawn the Klondike, hap been leased b7 the U.S.
army for the duration to aid in pouring men and
materials from the -States to Alaska and the
Aleutians. The line runs between Skagway at the
head of the Inside Passage, and Whitehorse, In
Canada's Yukon territory.
AMERICA'S HOIAA HEATING OPP
How ito ,cut the cost of
Heating Your Home
.B
Firing the Furnace
ANY householders when fir-
ing their furnaces shovel in
what they think is the right
amount of coal, then close 'the
door and leave the Are. This is
by no means the most economi-
cal
e
way to fire a furnace.
To get the most satisfactory
results from your
heating plant fol-
low these simple
rules when firing:
First, shake the
grates gently
when it is neces-
sary to make room
for fresh 'coal;
stop shaking as
soon as you see
the first red glow
in the ashpit.
Shaking down live
coals is wasteful.
Next, with
shovel or hoe, pull
the live coals forward so that the
firebed is level with the firedoor
in front and slopes downward
toward the back of the furnace.
Be careful not to stir up the'lay-
er of ash 'underneath the %mi.
Put the first charge of coal into
the hollow thus formed, filling
it up to the level of the Areoloor.
Always leave a spot of live coals
directly in front of the .firedoor.
This "hot-spot" will ignite the
gases rising from
the fresh, eoal and
prevent them
from escaping in-
to the chimney
tmeonstuned, To
aid in burning off
the gases driven
from the fresh
fuel leave the
small damper on
the firedoor open
about the thick-
ness of a wooden
match.
By refueling
your furnace as I
have suggested above, you will
not only enjoy better heat with
longer firing periods, but your
coal will last longer. (4)
ALLIES FIGHT FOR NORTH AFRICA
Stirring pictures coma out of Tunis showing how Allied troops
have advanced against the Axis forces in Tunisia, This Adis moto.i
convoy was up on the road, with the vehicles topped at intervals, it..
the same formation as they had employed when moving. They were
Itopped by the straffine of United Nations planes,
triido' •
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1] Canadian Home Journal , 2.50
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(2 years) 2.25
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[] Canadian Horticulture
& 'Home 2.26
0 Canadian Poultry Review 2.5d
(3 Rod & Gun in Canada ,2.50
11 True Story Magazine 2.75
0 Woman's Home Comp 2.75
(3 Sports Afield 2.75
[] Liberty (Weekly) 2.90
(] Magazine Digest 3.75
(3 Silver Screen . , .... . ... 3.00
[1 Screen land
0 Look 4. 315
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11 Open Road for Boys 2.50
0 American Girl .... 2.75
11 Red Book 3.75
(1 American Magazine,,.....,315
f3 Collier's Weekly • . . 3.75
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"Thursday, January 14, 1.943
WINGNAM ADVANCE-TIMES
PAGE SEVEN'
' •
vance. That is to say, much damage
was caused by fires which got out of
hand because there were not enough
properly trained fire fighters to deal
with the emergency When it arose.
The time for Canadians to prepare
will require to do this. At the same
time any bodies not previously remoy
.ed are taken away.
Another group is taking rapid steps
to salvage anything that can be saved
by quick work, and this is followed
by a more leistnely effort to salvage
everything possible. -
Transportation must be arranged as
required. '
Other groups are arranging for
food, providing money' where nectee
sary, to the unfortunate victims, and
a housing department finds aceomo-
dation for the bombed out people if
they have no other place to go.
If, as it was in this, case, it is pas
sible to repair the building, contractors
and workmen are called to start work
without delay. Otherwise the debris
is more- or less cleaned up and replace-
ment postponed until after the war.
All these various groups were on the
job at once and carrying out their
tasks as if it were everyday routine.
On the street in front of the build-
ing *as a canteen truck which base
on its sides a sign showing that it
had, been presented to the Lord
Mayor's Fund by Ford. Victoria,
Southern Rhodesia.
In the courtyard were a number of
men sweeping the grass. One of our
party called attention to them remark-
ing that there was an example of
typical British efficiency, to which
our guide replied, "That is something
absolutely necessary. Those men
have already recovered two valuable
rings and a cigarette case." We were
told that the action of a bomb is about
as unpredictable as that of a stroke
of lightning, and frequently the ex-
plosion will suck all small articles
right out of a building.
Another important detail' which
must be carried out at once, is to test
the walls and buildings to make sure
.that they will not fall on workers.
Trained Workers Required
It-will he seen that many of these
details require trained men, and it was
not surprising to find that our guide
in private life was a building contrac-
tor.
Even by the time we got there,
workers were already preparing to
make repairs, and were chipping out
the remains of broken windows, and
window glass was arriving to replace
necessary windows.
One essential thing is that wardens
known all the people in their territory
and that they account for thern to
make sure hat nobody is missing.
Compensation Described
In regard to compensation, the Hon.
Herbert Morrison, Minister of War
Services told us that' victims are given
clothes and, if necessary, some money
to carry on. If their home is so dam-
aged that they cannot use it, they are
billett'ed. However, real compensation
is not given until the end of the war.
New houses could not be supplied now
anyway, on account of shortage of
materials.
If a house can be repairecl, ea.sily,
or if temporary repairs will enable it
tto be used, the .cost is sometimes al-
lowed, but this will be deducted _from
any future-settlement,
The organization known in Canada
as Civilian Protection Committee, or
Air Raid Precaution or A.R.P. is now
called "Civil Defence" in England and
is considered most important work.
As Mr. Morrison told us, it is now a
major act of war, so local authority
is not enough,
The studies made of this vrork and
its' results are of great beoefit to
others.
Quick communication is necessary,
and as the telephones are state osvned
there is full co-operation, but inore
than that is necessary as the tele-
phones might very possibly be put out
of action. 'Therefore a system of :nes:
sengers must be provided for.
Sabotage has been surprisiegly
littler so we were informed, arid theft
or taking advantage of another's mis-
fortune is practically unknown.
Early Efforts Important
One thing should benmpressed
upon the people of Canada, and that
is that much of the early damage by
raiders could have been prevented if
proper precautions had been taken be-
fore the raids began,c'and if the organ-
ization had been perfected in ad-
for such emergencies is now, not af-
ter some city has suffered a bad raid.
In the same way that the telephones
might be interrupted, the water mains
may be destroyed with' disastrous ef
feet. Therefore provision has been
made in every community in England
to have plenty of water in storage.
Thousands of ,basements of huild
ings that have been destroyed are be-
ing used for this purpose, These
basements have been eitaited out,
cemented on the walls and bottom
so that they. will hold and have been
filled with water. We saw many of
these, and also other great storage
tanks ready for an emergency.
o Larva signs are potted indicating
working
hundred or more apartments of three smoothly and efficiently, and,,-he per
sonally took us around, introducing us
to the heads of the various sections,
and explaining what they were doing
and how they carried out their duties.
He also took us through a part of
the building, (it would have taken too,
long to go through it all), to see what
the effect of such a bombing' was.
In the event of a bombing such
damage, two things are started at once,
looking after casualties, and summon-
ing the members 'of the A,R.P.
They use what is know as the
snowball system to ,summon the
members, that is, each man has to call
four others. In this way all the
members are very quickly notified.
Setting Up Organization
As soon as all casualties are remov-
ed, the first thing is to set up a main
office known as the A.R.P. Liaison
office, which keeps in close touch with
everything that is going on, In this
case, the office of the building made
an ideal location, but where such a
room is not available, the nearest suit-
able place is taken, The office work
is broken down so that there is a sec-
tion looking after each activity.
All this is done alMost in as little
time as it takes to tell about it.
Then an intensive search of the
building is made with the double pur-
pose of ascertaining if there are any
trapped persons, and to study if the
building can be repaired and what it
This is necessary So that in the excite-
ment and confusion of an emergency
the nearest storage of water is loca-
ted without delay.
While all other direction signs in
England are entirely lacking even the
smallest community has no end of
signs indicating where the warden
lives, or can be found, where static
water is stored, where air raid shel-
ters are located, and the location of -
stirrup pumps, Probably there are
more signs in England reading "Stir-,
rup Pump here" titan any other.
In addition to working at regular
war work, nearly every' man in Eng-
land has to take his share in Civil
Defence work,
Women Workers
While we were in England, Mr.
Herbert Morrison issued an appeal for
a very large number of women to vol-
unteer for -work as fire watchers. This
means night work patrolling build-
ings, climbing on roofs and other hard
work. There was a great deal of
criticism of this appeal because it Was
felt that it was not fit work for wo-
men ,that it was too -hard and too
dangerous. The answer o this crit-
icism was that twice as many women
volunteered for this work ,than was
asked for.
When you look over the roofs in
English cities, the first thing that
strikes you are chimney pots, Every
building has a battery of anywhere up
to a dozen or more of these pots. The
roofs are generally more cut up with
all kinds of turrets than -is the case
in Canada, and with these chimney
pots it makes the roofs hard to-get at
and hard to patrol.
Ladders are usually kept on them
so that any part of the roof can be
quickly reached. This work is most
important ,during raids, and the prop-
er control of incendaries on these roofs
just means the difference between
damage and staggering losses.
In the parish magazine of St, Mary
Redcliffe Church, Bristol, the church
which Queen Elizabeth in 1574 des-
cribed as being the "fairest goodliest,
and most famous Parish church in
England." I read this appeal, "With-
out question the greatest material
treasure in Bristol is St. Mary Red-
cliffe Church. I now ask the women
of Bristol if they will help to guard
it against fire. We want two, at least,
and three better still ,to be on duty
every night. Women between 17 and
50 will be welcomed, and if you ar-
range with a friend or friends to take
one one night a week, you will be do-
ing great service. Now is the time
to strengthen our hand of watchers
before the winter begins,"
Some say that the reason there have
been so many churches destroyed in
England is due to the difficulty in
protecting these roofs from incendiar-
ies. It seems to be very difficult work
to ask women to do, yet they are
cheerfully responding to the appeals.
And remember, that in all probability,
the women wino take on thisswork, will
do it in addition to working at their
regular occupation every day.
The first great fire of London was
in 1666, the second one was in 1940.
Every able bodied man available
and very piece of fire fighting equip-
ment which could be brought to Lon-
don was engaged in trying to over-
come the flames. I am told by people
who were there that men worked until
they dropped from exhaustion, and
that engines ran until their 'bearings
were burnt out. I have even heard it
said that if the German Raiders had
come back one more succeeding night,
the whole city would have gone as
the men and equipment could not have
carried on any longer,
Raids Not Over
The people of England now. seem to
think that the worst is over, that such
raids cannot happen again. They are
encouraged in this belief by the fact
that the defences are so much better
than they were, that there ar more and
better pieties for defence, that there
are many more balloons, that the ack-
ack is stronger and better, that the
A.P.R. is much better organized and
more effective. The Hon, Mr. Mor-
rison told us that there are now 1450,
fire companies merged into the Nat-
ional Fire Service.
Authorities however, hold a differ-
ent view. They are warning the
people .hat increased heavier raids are
pot only possible but very probable.
Some authorities say that the recent
months have only been a lull in which
Germany has been tooling up in order
to uniease heavier bombs on England
more after the block busting type.
At the same time it is believed that
before long Canada will have German
bombs dropping on her, that at the
same time that Germany is tooling
up for heavier raids on England that
she is making preparations to send
planes capable of longer cruising range
that will enable her to bomb America.
Therefore we should take steps to
prepare for such eventualities, it
should take a lesson from England's
experiences and organize a most ef-
ficient C,P.C.
Professor: I won't begin to.dity's
lecture room1 settles down!
Voice from rear: Go home ,and
RED CROSS APPEALS
EARLY IN MARCH
00,000,000 Necessary To Carry On.
Work of Society
A three-weeks national appeal for
$10,000,000 in voluntary contributions.
will be made by the Canadian Red.
Cross starting March 1, it was-.an-
nounced by Jackson Dodds, chairman
of the central council, and Mr. Justice
P. Ft Gordon, chairman of the nation-
al executive.
"The Canadian Red Cross urgently
needs a minimum of $10,000,000 to
carry on its work- in the mitigation
of human suffering," their joint state-
ment said,
"The Red Cross is an international
organization, and under the convens
tions of Geneva is required to obtain
its support by voluntary subscriptions.
to preserve its rights, priviliges and
immunities guaranteed under inter-
national law. No belligerent govern-
ment may finance a Red Cross so-
ciety; to do so would'''-destrey the in-
ternational status of the society and
even wipe out it. immunity under fire.
"'ens decision to hold the national
appeal in March was made with the
fullest co-operation with the Domin-
ion Goverment to avoid clashing with.
plans of. the Natieeal War Finance
Comtnittee."
he ,tractitugt said one of the so-
ciety's liii:'aest works flaring the cur-
ent year is the sapid:inn.; of food par-
cels for Canadian, British aed Empire
pri:.onera fa' War in Ett,ricW and the
Far East. The Canadian society's
share of this pezether with provision
for feed, drugs and 'timer supplies for
Canadian prisrmers in the Fat East
would require $;').500,000 during 1943.
• 4:An other in a series of articles written
by W. R. Legge and C. V, Charters,
who represented the Canadian
.Weekly Newspapers Association in
a recent tour overseas.
THE IMPORTANCE OF AIR
RAID PRECAUTIONS
(Article No. 10)
By Walter R. Legge
One does not have to stay in Eng-
land very long before the importance
of A.R.P. or C.P.R. work is seen, and
we Canadians became quickly convinc-
ed that much more serious attention
to these precautions should be given
in Canada.
Much of the work of the Army
which we saw was in the form. of
demonstrations, but we had an opporT
'tunity to study A.R.P. work in actual
practice over there.
We came back to our headquarters
one afternoon to learn that a short
•time before some raiders had come
over the vicinity and had caused con-
siderable damage to a very large
apartment hotel. Four of our party
• including myself went down to see
just what had happened.
We found that the building which
had been struck was a tremendously
large apartment house, nine stories in
height, much longer than an ordinary
BALANCED RATION
FOR THE SOW
(Experimental- Farms News)
Ample and balanced rations for
the sow will enable her to_ maintain
maximum milk production. A suit-
able meal mixture for the nursing
SW consists of 2 or 3 parts of oat
chop to one of shorts or ground wheat,
by weight, balanced with sweet skim-
milk or buttermilk, at least pound for
pound of meal consumed-or by the
addition of 5 per cent of tankage to
the meal ration. One per cent of
common salt in the meal mixture
should be fed to pigs of ail ages, says
W. W. Cram, Dominion Eperimental
Farm, Indian Head, Sask.
The provision of a "creep" in which
a mixture of equal parts sifted oat
chop middlings, and shorts, also sweet,
clean skimmilk, tire supplied in small
separated troughs, will usually induce
litters to start feeding when from 2 to
3 weeks of age. Coarse bully feeds
cause serious digestive disorders and
many deaths in nursing and weanling
pigs so their use should be avoided.
Alfalfa or sweet clover leaves, or
alfalfa meal, are a welcome and -valu-
able addition to the diet of both sow
and litter for the essential proteins,
minerals and vitamins they contain, as
well as for their laxative and health-
ful effect.
Regular daialy exercise, outdoors
for short periods when weather is fine,
indoors during cold or- stormy weath-
er, is necessary for the sew at all
times' and should be provided for the
litter as soon as tine little pies are a
week or 10 days old.
Winter litters will live and thrive if
given a reasonable chance.
1THE BOMBER PRESS street block, with a large projecting A.R,P,
IN GREAT BRITAI L at each end. There were prbably a His organization was N
or 'four rooms .each in the building,
which was a comparatively new fire-
proof block, largely of cement and
stone construction. It was a building
Which would not easily .be damaged.
The bomb, had landed directly in
front of the Centre of the buildiag
only a few feet from the wall in the
courtyard formed by the three walls
of the .building„
As there had been some casualties;
considerable damage to the building,
and as the construction was compar-
able to the heavier type of buildings
here in Canada, it was an ideal situ-
ation for us to study from the stand-
point- of what would be necessary In
Canada to cope withraid"damage.
Workers Soon on the Job
I The first thing that struck us was
the treniendous activity all over the
place. Although it was only a few
hours after the bomb had struck, there
were hundred of men at work at top
speed.
' Police and guards kept all except
workers from going close to the biuld-
ing, and as we were intensley interest-
ed in their organization, which we
wanted to study with the idea of tell-
ing to the people of Canada, we pre-
sented our credentials and asked per-
Mission to enter. Here as everywhere
else in England, we were received
with. the greatest courtesy and con-
ducted to the chief officer of the local
Premier Tojo, the "dagger," bows before Emperor Ilieohito upon
receiving: orders ,which he himself motet likely dictated. TO) Is now'
Virtual boss 'of Ja'pa'n but, in public 'ceremonies at least, accords his
01*w:or the triditionaI courtesies. Hirohito. you May have noticed,
trees ttr •bo rlteldttlring the !obesity bow %narking has Axle peat -wens Hiner