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The Signal, 1894-11-1, Page 66 THE SIGNAL : GODERICH. ONT.. THUBEIDA.Y. NOV 1, late AN SCIENCE IN FARMING. Barrer ars Data C.eeevels• tae lia/sA- mealal $.beer .r Ceara*. The suleudid record which Canada male at Gm world's fair in 16113 in the depart meat of agriculture ie not only evidence of the fat ultty of the soil In the dominion, bat it is also I proof of this rapid strides wht..b ilia Canadian farmer has made der• lag the past um years in the adoption of the latest and roust approved methods of seleatific and economic farming. The ex osllenoe of the a,,.ricsltural and horticul tural exhibits toads by Canadians at Chi cago ou that occasion was due in a large degree to the effective system of expert mental farms s t:.bllsbed in various pats of the dominion a few year. ago. Tb..ugh, of comparatively recent origin, these farms have dons more to improve the condition' of the agricultural classes, especially la the older sad more densely populated provinces of Canada, and raise the stand- ard of Canadian farm products than is gen- erally known siren among the people of the domtuton themselves. In the rutted States, as far back as 1461. soagress peasei an act providlug fun the endowment of a college of agriculture and Mechanic arts in the different states of the union by making a large grant of public laud for that purpose. The quantity ap- propriated- tot each state was equal to 30,- 000 acres fur each senator and representa- tive in congress under the representation fixed by the census of P16). The money derived from the tale of thew public lands was invested in safe securities anal the in- terest only was used for the maintenance of the inatttuttotna The states themselves provided the necessary land and paid for the .rection of all college buildings. It was in this way that the funedation was laid for the present system of experimental colleges and stations in the 1•ai'ed States. The federal guveruaent under the pruvi.• Ions of the Hatch bill, passed in 1886, made a further appropriation of $15.000 a year fur the establishment and mainten once of scientific experimental stations in every state of the union. and in the fol lowing year the once of experimental stations in 'Washington was creates!, giving the entire system a central advisory head Canada first felt the need of a similar system when the completion of the Can- adian Pacific railway opened up for settle- ment the vast train producing areas of the Northwest Tern•oree and the Province of Manitoba. The farmers of Ontario found that they were unable to produce the standard grains in competition with the farmers of the great west, who paid little or nothing for their land and were able front the rich alluvial soil to obtain a lag sr and more profitable crop than could be grown on the well tilled &cies tit the older ynyinee& Then began the gradual evolu lion in the methods of tilling the evil in the eastern provinces of the dominion. Fields of golden grain gave plan to fruit farms. Stock naming became an essential instead of an incidental feature in the work of the farmer. Local awociations were formed, and practical instruction given as to the latest and most improved methods of making the dairy • profitable source of revenue. The provincial gov- ernment of Ontario in 18':3 provided for • the establishment of an agricultural col- kgQ near Uuelpb, in the western portion of the province. Skilled instructors were brought from the United States and Great Britain to teach the youth what science had done in those countries to make mixed farming, stock r&sing and fruit culture take the place of the primitive methods of continual grain product:on. Although [hie institution did its work in a moat et fictive manner. the need of a compre hen•iv* system, wbt?b would extend to eii the provinem, was soon felt. Instruction by local dairy and fruit growiul associa- tions, aided by grants of public money, partially filled the want until 1888, when the Dominion Government appointed a commissioner to visit the various experi• mental ,rations and agricultural .colleges in the United States and Europ* for the purpose of obtaining information necessary for the establishment of • sy stein of exper internal farms, which could be extended to every province of Canada. As a result of this fokeetigatiot , parliament in the fol- lowing yNr passed an act providing for the eatabllahmttnt of Ave experimental farms, one In the province of Nova Scotia to meet the want, of the farmers of the maxi time provinces`, one in Manitoba. one in the Northwest Territory, one in British Columbia. and a central farm near the cap ital of the dominion. intended to meet the watdof the farmers in Omaria and (jme- dec. The provincial farms are managed by • superintendent, who is responsible and reoeives his inatructiions from the di rector of of the system stationed at the cen- tral farm atOttawa. All seierttificiuvestt• gauons of a general ch arae[, r are conducted on the farm at Olaws. which Comprises acme 600 acres and Is provided with .xtim sive buildings. Tb. results of experiments male on the central farm are ,[teen to the provincial experiment stations, where they are treated locally for the benefit of the Ie. m obi community in toe diff. rent pro �tnees. work on the different farms corn plias the conduet of researches and veN- ("cation of experiments designed to teat the relative value for all purposes of different breeds of stock and their adaptability to the varying climate whieh prevails in dif- f.r.i.t parts of the country, the examine lion into eaonomie gnestiols intuiting ties prodaetion of butter .end cheese, testing of the mritw. hard res and adaptability of sew or untried varieties of whet of -..001111111 trees fur Umber sad shelter purposes, ea• aminatiues Ism the diseases to watch sal heated pleats sad trees are esWeM, sad also into the ravages of deet,aettee Inertia and the dtca:v.y of twfal sod effective remedies to be seed to each case, to cos dost investigations into the causes of die same from which domestic animals suffer sad atioertsin toe vitally and purity of agricultural seed& My sealed letter will show the import atom of this work by • record of the actual results assompllshd in various Add& WA. Sena S Li.. FASTENING& A fel.. ernes IMrebse at.tata sem. geed fieon& Helium. of the emeriti** of gee boo, Js - beo, d.eer,bes and illustrates lite wetted of fssteu,ue cows, to the F'.rmen' Advo este. It is Lou new. but r we here tied recent tuqutrt.s which his amuse will answer. we have had rlluMeauotts in a d • and reproduce his description as fol- lows: I would by all means advise the MA SLIP ♦an (-rats. of the chain in tying cattle. After twenty years' experience, I 1.•ve focal this to be the best way. 1 shall never forget the Orsi time I saw cattle fastened in stanchions, it reminded me of the pictures I had sen of the way prima - ere were punished in,ihe olden times by being put in the stocks, and I cannot un dentend how any .hterpriatng breeder would for on• m••m,ut endure it in his buildings. The way we f•sun our J.r • *eye is by a chalu eliding up and down on an iron red, mad. with l inch iron, twenty inches long. bolted to the side of the division, top and bottom. All oar cows are in single stalls (which is by far the beet( four feet wide by seven fest in length, including manger the divisions are at. feet long, three and one-half feet in height at the cow's bead, and three feet be- hind; this is sumctent to separate them and does not hide them to the least. The divisions are made with one inch planed T. ,C O. boards. poets at each end three by six. and grooved sufficiently to allow the board to be sunk lulu the post. Opposite where the rod is we put a one -inch board on end between the planed boards. so as to haven solid to hold the bolts firmly. This gives • perfectly smooth division three I SUBSCRIBE Canadi'e Beit hail] Paper CRATES IN HARVESTING. Sayre 111Iteeted ba Tare tee Su Illarketlag Apples &ad Potatoes. One of the mint successful potato growers in the United Stet,. harvests all hie pota- toes into bushel ewes. say. the Americao Agriculturist. piling them up upon • two - bores wagon uutil fully loaded, when they –The, are drawn directly from the Uhl to market or to the railroad to be load ed upon the cars, or to the cellar to be market. The advantage in the use of such crates is obvious. They afford •receptacle into which the potatioacan be picked from Die ground and cerrastl to the cart, and as the crate is set into tbe cart and au empty crate taken, there is no bruising of the tubers as when poured several Pusee into and out of baskets getting them from the Ada to their destination. The ramie advantage has even more force in the case of gathering apples, which should be ban died es little am passable to preserve the keeping qualities of the fruit. Of courses large number of cr Atte is required where one's potato field or orchard ia extensive. but well made crates once provided will last almost • lifetime. and become better and letter apprecc.ted tile longer they are used. The particular crate figured hal solid ends and slat sides and bot- tom. The end* have two upright clogs and horizontal cleat at the top. which forms a handle on each end, by which the crate is readily carried. Cut nails end spruce boards would best be used iii the constructiuu of these crates. for cat pails - and spruce lutnber do not readily part company. The crates cat, he made in bushel or two-busliel sires, as preferred, being made of such is •.se in length. breadth aud height as will make them tit moat economically Iwo one's cart or farm wagon box, taking care always to keep the cubic contents the saute, that celled for in a bushel or two -bushel measure. Where one is hauliug hi. crops directly to market. such crates will help very materially in wiling the crops% for if the dealer can re ceivii them in the cratee. pile them np in his cellar without emptying, and bring them up and sell them from the crate ae wanted—when the isiopty crate can be stored away for its ovrtier.—he will be much better pleased, and wiil often accept produce thus crated in preterence to the offering of another which must be handled Oyer at least twice. 'mitering labor and injuring the fruit. Toe making of sup ply of such crates will afford occupation for some rainy days, when other work can - Tat � H8111011 — Sec1ator The Best Medicine. J. 0. Wit.moN, Contractor and Bulkier, Sulphur Springs, Texas, thus speaks of Ayer's Pdls: " Ayees Pills are the beet medicine I ever tried; and, in my polgmetat, no better general remedy could be devised. I have used thein la my family aed recommended them to my friends and employes for more than twenty years. To my eertain knowledge, many CASIO of the following complaints have besa completely and Permanently Cured by the use of Ayer's Pills alone: Third day chills, dumb ague, Whom fever. sick headache, rheumatism, dux, dya- know that a moderate ito, of Ayees Pals, continued for a fe w days or weeks. as the nature of the complaint required, would be found an abmilute cure for the disorders I hare named above." "I have been selling medicine for eight years. and I can safely say that Ayer's Pills give better satisfactios, than any other Pill I ever sold." -J. J. Perry. Spottaylvanis C. It, Vs. AYER'S PILLS OXFORD Ncv01124 FURNACES Ma EIGHT PAGES alt SIXTEEN ",Sif PAGES Twice a Week if WEEKLY to up with the spirit tbo times the noti•eireseeni Imre Marred Ur dr id tit.* lar family pater ral are sow wet lessee or ▪ slices paste weekly. Tie daturas) ✓ allies ill contain the mews three dayeabeed of reviler weekl; papers, wad oar eubsorthere will God this yahoos advantage. Ames. Coe meat test ante are Talessagenfierrisea. womirt. - n oels nal comments cm newilatt 'Teats and we mei.- a sneer feolui• of • Wog top AI meat of en Interesting eerie: story by leadies ast bar. $1. 00 lo 1asi Jaiiilaq, 1896. ,, Vow subscriber, we It” e Wear* of Ilk, and moil 1.4 January IMPS tor lase TRY IT I I Liberal cossinteeten *rate tarsi. la sated in all usreonmested alletricta. 'SPECTATOR PRINTING CO. BFATEMALL STOVEPIPE VARNISH. Least 0 dor, Brightest L urCcSIEsert Drying, Every Dose Effectiv• Ott the Mamma There are often rainy days at this searion of, the year when little tan be done to good advantage. The farmer bat • full working force at hi. command, and must be on the lookout to make the best of the time at his disposal A day cannot be more profitably appropriated ghats by giving the harness a good oiling. Many farmers wholly neglect this, while others think this work can only I e done in • proper manner by the expert harness - maker The "know how," of course, must be at your command or your labor may be even worse than lost. There are a few things that must be understood to do this work to be a benefit to your property. Separate all the perts of the harness and give it a thorough washing. This is best done in a common weishtub. Put all the parts. covir with clean, soft water of a temperature of about 100 degrees, about a pint of good, home-made soft soap can be ahled to each eel of hareem Hanessmakers am saisoda to remove the dirt, but I prefer good soft soap. Allow the harneas to soak about half an hour. then with • good stout rag or brush remove all the dirt. Use • board to wash over -, put in the tab washboerd fashion also have a sharp hickory stick to dig around the loops and bookies. Wash clean and hang up to dry in place frm from dust. Do not hang in the sun. For oiling nee good neatsfoot oil. A little tallow can be added with good sumer in proportions of one to ten. Also add • little lampblack. About three pinta of oil will be absorbed per set of harem& Heat well and apply as hot as your hand will bear. -Ohio Farmer. The device shown In the accompanying illustration wee recently aeon in use upon a cart that was made for the carriage of heavy loads, and worked eo well that its general use is com mended. Where the "tail Merl" ie fitted experimeasa Aim the analysing of frottileers in order te Mat their oimpara in behind two np- IPOSItO PORT twist rounds of wood, • heavy load priers ont tio hard upon the board as to mike it difficalt to move. title end may be retain ed in the (dd way, an the devios that le shown, made of half-inch round iron, vice ot whicit will be appreciate.' when it is in use. -A noon Agrielliturist. Tao • le Tree Mover. If the apple trim were not proteetal sgaiiiiit borer. derma tb• summer no time shenid be lost /Inning or, open weather we may hays in examining them mid dig glsor the borer oat. TIM louver be Torts the greater the listriege Is dons. and the DAIRY STALLS. Inches thick, and no !sate projecting to rub tbe akin off the animal's hips when it hoedown. I hir mangers are male so ma to slide out Ilk* a drawer . they are about four inches above the do and can be removed any time to remove any foul stuff that has gathered: We hav• the front of the stalls boarded up with one d one -quarter -inch boards. hut if water is kept in front of the Cows 111 slide will have n. be made ahem the manger so as to feed by it insured of over the top. This is totally done by hay- ing • one and • half inch plenk one foot wide, at an angle of fony Ave degrees, just above the manger and fametted at every division with iron. When I make my nIghtly visit to the stables Anil notice die comfortable way in which the cattle are mating. with their heads curled round just the same as if they were on pasture. I ani satisfied that the chain is by far the beet and most humane way. As Tiredly* Harrow. The Ohio Farmer gives this cut and description of a harrow in use on the farm af Mr. Leister. and says that it ia very effective in work The choir was singtag • new arrasigemest of the beautiful anthem, Ccusider the Lilies.' The pure, sweet voice of the soma° rose clearly and.dounctly is the solo "They tot -en -oil not, "They toil not, "They toil not, "Ny-y-i•ther ao they elm. She paused and the tet• -r took tip the strain "Nati ee-em ther do they spin. “They toil not, "They toil not, "Nemeete-ther do they spin. - The tenor ceased, and the bassmatieleins, red-haired young man with a somewhat wordly-looking eye, end • voice like • fog. hors, btoke is : "Nay -ay -Cy -ay •titer do the spin. "They toi-oi-oi-oil not, "They mil not, "They toil sot, Then the voices •If the three were lifted up in sevrochorus "Nee twee -titer "Nay -ay -ay -tar - --Jo they iota. "They tot oi otoil not. "They toil sot, "They tail pot. ''llrethern," said the gray-haired, old- fashioned pastor when the choir had finish- ed, " will begin the services of the morning bv singing tee familiar hymn holly Free Press -AND- IFA RAI and HOME $1 ENLARGED AND III ROVED. A HIGH-CLASS FAMILY PAPER. BUN %II NUN 'WILL tEnTAItt Lianas' Pnes-Illestrated, firnemito Mega or MUSA C each week. A DRAW. TALL sad ether istecoliting readiag of all Stove -pips Vaninhelf CLIMAX FURNITURE POLISH - makes old Furniture look like new, ENGLISH HE ALING OIL, Use Oar Tonic, CONDIT ON POWDER., HORSES AND CATTLE. ler all eale end "fee " QUICKEST liF.ALER KNOWN. l*Pays onuty times Ito. cost. Prim BSc , 5 lot 11 00. Prise Mt. man or beast. YOU WANT THE BEST ! Buy the "Gurney" line of Stoves and Rs up "Oxford Rival,- " Bright Idea," "Graduate," " Radiant Souvenir," " Counter; of Oxford," and others, froin 110 up to $40. WE HAVE priest. floe lowlier • Feat. is adv mace fee the 111 LII t OM Meow and W11 all AIM News. in al le mews Howe. • of tan tree egrets waisted is every usreoresented die triat to solicit subecript.ors. Big commission. FRES PRESS PRINTING CO. Description -Beams, A, 2.3 inches. Cross -pieces, B . I 412 Length of main, 4 feet 6 inches_ Distance between teeth. 10 inches. Length of teeth, 10 inches by inch in diameter. Slope of teeth, 4 inches in 10. M. Leon Vassilliere. agricultural COW- miesionir for Franco, in a recent interview detailed the French system of agricultnral education. The system may be divided into three parte, that for the young, that for sdulte out of school, and that for scientific and practical education. The principal institute at Paris has a couree of two years that requires a stiff examination to gain admittance. The first year the fundaments! sciences are studied for IWV- :og the way to the applications that fol• low during the second year in more prac- tical work. This institute haa • farm. In addition to the illustrations of the farm the students are required to work two month, on • farm that is well managed. The Ecoles Nationales is one-half year longer than the institute mentioned, but here more of mannal labor is reqnired. TM schools hare for an object the educa• tion of managers of large farma There are Keoles preetignee for the education of managers et medium sized farms. A pro - tensor of agriculture is salaried by the government for sash department of Fraece for the dined teaching of farmers and foe conducting experiments. Onti of hie functions that should attract attention ift big duty to teaeh in the normal methods. Hem • great work can be don. in ineiruct- mg the teachers that have the charge of the common echoola Illertieelt weal Neter Ity growing strawberries in matted rows they are better able to withstand the win- ters. With many varieties of small fruits pro tection is • decided advantage This la especially the aise of voesberries, cur- rants aml Meek berries In transplanting it 10 always a safe ride to "et owl plants reamnably deep, to take ear* in removing the plants to have them in as good condition Ite poselhie sad te hitee the wink solid sad irs armad OWL As •ereasedattag Mistress Why are you going to 111111A, Bridget* IBM eel` Bridget -Well. multi. I don't like the osyborhood or the asylum& Mistreats (in distreethati-Oh, Bridget, don't leave: we'll move wherever you want to go. laillgesilea Oared. GranswaN- I can tinkly my that B. It. this trouble bad last Summer sad two bottles of if.B.B, built ene up again. It is • good, reliable mediate& both for mimes - tion aad as • blood purifier. J. ti Ataroen, 2w Hoeetows, Que. S1STE RBOVATOR Specific and Anridole for impure, weak and impoverished blood, dys P°P6H,, okePlwilloses, palpitation of the heart, liver complaint, neuralgia, loss of memory, bronchitis, occamptIon, gall stoots, jaundice, kidney and urinary diseases, St. Vitus' dance, female irreg• ularities and 'enema debility. J. M. McLEOD, Proprietor sad Maentsetarer Metope's Bram, Raarovaeon ass he had from all dritola is town. as well as from ell die druir bet wee& Owes Sound sad fiestoriA. Words. lowborn siad Toronto. 1117 Iv. a number of second-hand Coal and Wood Stoves P.S.—There are ten " Gurney " Stoves sold in Goderich to one of any other make. For sale only by HARPER & LEE, The leading Stove Dealerm, Plumbers, Tinsmiths and Heating Engineer.; of Goderieh. gjrStove Fitting arid Repairing promptly attended to. COAL 01L-4 Imperial Gal's for 40e. ANYTHING IN THE HARDWARE LINE P R. W. McKENZIE can supply you with • good article at • low price. STOCK COMPLETE IN_ Builders' and Heavy Hardware, Shelf Goods, Garden and Farming Tools, Paints, Oils, Glass, dm. Also Steam Fittings, Belting, &c. VESSEL SUPPLIES A SPECIALTY. Doo'[ fail to give me a call. R. W. licitENZLE9 The Crabb Block, Goderich. Patronise • True GORt DYS PEPS IA. "ICK HEADACHE. IRES U LATE THE LIVER !PRICE 25 CTS.T11003 kvatc.414•3 Competition km bees eassidlsked to give the mama' eampotill It ie ataasired ea busbies arum -Wen sae is Use lateral of patreas. Mesa essaseday with all Ham sarir= deka flesgatie• en Ode la fahled Males. famails sad Duvet through wires te an lam 011ee-ionth elde Weal et. sin It Local /11111004WW. Oedeetse DON'T DESPAIR Personal ! Spring is at hind, and after Housecleaning you. will waat - TEA OR DINNER SET - We have the Largest and Cheapest Assortment in Town. Before buying cell and got 60 - TOILET SETS - 60 New designs to ohm* from. Inspection invited. =AEI. A. ruins. es tt of 5moke irj-ErfA TM E 4/air 4 'a' 111 °GAEL, Ir i5 Equal to ary Imported K2...Cret 5A4(e. 50.) Yhrl`cer"e-G. WILL CURE YOU UNDERTAKERS. 331:103FIELETIr BON Ram added to their present besiege' me of B. J. Nask's LAMA WI. of Otty Hearses, also •he finest line of funeral furnishing, in the egRiatih end are sow prepared to condom funerals at pipes reasonable in the employ of the leas D. Gordon for the past ten years, hem a This department will he strictly attended to by his ma William, whetiel knowledge of the lotanis, and by n emetics bore to shore iort pub& patronage. Remember GM pleme--Weshot„ an year way to the PO allow Give Mit a oall "Vhswiiiiipir la ont$2.2: