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The Brussels Post, 1962-07-12, Page 7A Long Burial — And a Short Life! The Rip Van Winkle of the insect world is Magicicada sept- endecim, known less formerly as the periodical cicada or the sev- enteen-year locust. In the sum-, mer of ' 1945, millions of them hatched from eggs laid in trees, fell to the, earth, and burrowed their way into ,the soil, There they remained, feeding on tender roots, while 18 inches above them Homo sapiens moved gingerly in- to the age of megatons and mis- siles. All over the Eastern. Seaboard the seventeen-year locusts are crawling to the surface, ahedding their larval skins, and embarking on their brief life span above- ground. From Connecticut to, North Carolina, these black-bod- ied, red-legged insects with their, large transparent wings will be• as common as grass — and much More noisy. By rubbing strong muscles against inflated drums on either side of their abdomens, the males Upsiderlowe to Prevent Peeking um duN NONV umN aNmi m slivian cainw liw MY2S A 21 31va 21 cilv "Mari a 110 -rin lac alalad HM3020 d W tivlo d230 2V10 13d M 11021 2WOM EipMe MOdMV 00 1 V12 021d 00V IMMO dWVS mid CAUTIOUS QUAIL—The sea- son on game birds is a long way off in Independence, Kan., but' this quail is taking no di-lances of getting blown into eternity out of season, full or part-time employee, or has a son who does the same amount of work as an employee. However, the biggest stumbl- ing block is cost, Workmen's Compensation Board premiums (based .' entirely on the accident rate in each industry) in 1944, for farmers, was 750 per $100 of payroll — in 1961 the cost had soared to $4.50 per $100 of payroll. That's one reason why, with over 250,000 people in agricul- ture in Ontario, only 1,200 have applied for coverage. The. Board, in fixing this high rate of pre- miums, admits that farming is regarded as a more dangerous occupation than some' forms of 'mining, * One reason farms are three times as dangerous as the aver, age factory is because there's no way of supervising the way a farmer works. Factory super- visors keep a cold and steady eye on workers, and insist that they follow safety procechires. Who's to caution a farmer when he throws a pitchfork, prongs first, through a barn door (a boy was killed that way not long ago)? .Who's to stop him when he tries to clear a forage harvester plugged with corn, while the motor is still running (the father of four chil- dren had his right arm sheared off above the elbow when the machine cleared itself and start- ed up again)? The farm fatality rate from ages eight to 80 is equivalent to a death every two weeks in 'a mine employing 21,- 000 workers. Any mine with such a death rate would have inspectors swarming around like yellow jackets on a rotten ap- ple — but how can inspections be made across Canada's far- flung , rural population, and what individualistic farmer would stand for .government in- spection? Christian Smith, direc- tor of health education for Sas- katchewan, says, "The. only way to check the hideous harvest of death and injury among our farm residents is with a com- prehensive program of educa- tion, understanding and ED'S. NOTE: I COlisider OILS article of Stich iMportande that the balance will appear in fit, tune columns. Way.Out, Treat For ' Black Bear -- The Douglas 'Pit, one of the great,timber trees of the world arid anada's largest, is riot only unsurpassed as a source of structural lumber but is also a source crf ti rare form of edible eugar. KnOW11 at 111' elezitose — this sugar has - been found only on a feW plants in the World: some shrttbs in Turkestan and Persia , have been known to produce it and, about 40 iSr'eatiS ago, it. 'Was discovered Oh Si'ate leek pined- in Pennsylvania. COMPattitiVely few Douglas Fite produce Meld. zitose and the are °genera* found aniong largo stands dry belt iii British Colialiribia. The qtratititlee of ineletiteet Produced by the Douglas Fir g relative)* large, eainpared fe the other SOtirdea. IVativ`Q In BIG IDEA --.Sarn Akerman, 6, left, and cowpoke buddy Doug Mobley, 5, thought that they would go for a ride, Alas, however, they found that their steed was but a baby burrow and that the saddle did notyet fit. (the females are silent) set up an extraordinary racket that gets louder and louder during the, day as the temperature rises. Ac- cording to a Department of Ag- riculture leaflet, "the cicada chorus is a whirring, droning monotone. But if attention Is con- centrated on :an individual in- sect, several notes can be dis- linguished. The loudest is rep- resented by the syllables 'tshe ee-EEEE-e-ou.' It is sustained fifteen or twenty seconds." Mul- tiplied by millions on oak, hick- ory, peach, pear, and apple trees, there is no mistaking the sound. Read the' Label: Fortunately, however, the cicadas do, not do too much harm. "The only real damage they do," explained Dr: Bennet A. Porter, an entomolo- gist with USDA's Agricultural. Research Service, "is in the egg- laying process. The females cut a series of slits in the bark of branches to lay their eggs. It can be pretty serious to newly planted orchards oiYyoung shrubs, though, because it weakens the branch. But the insects are not like the locusts of the Old. Testa- ment, which were really grass- hoppers, and which devoured everything." What can be done to control them? Therein lies another change the cicadas will find in their environment this time around: The insecticides are bet- ter. "About the beet thing for the home is a product called Sevin," Porter said, "There is another one called TEPP roll commercial use, but Sevin is safer to handle. Just follow the instructions, Those that escape the insecticides will lay their eggs and die after a short life aboveground of five or six weeks, Then the cytle will start all over again. It won't be seventeen years, however, until the voice of the cicada is heard again in the land. There are eight major "broods" of cicadas in the U.S., each on a different schedule.. The next invasion will be in Ohio arid West Virginia in 1965. But the gap will be partially filled in the Mississippi Valley hod year by a close relative of the severe tedii-year locust --a the thirteen= year' locust, wheels goee through precisely the Ma routine. ISSUE 'jitt 1:962 • Pat Was The First To Go Into Orbit M. SC11001 SON y Rev. It, ti.. Warren, 84,, U.O. Jermulah Discourages False Patriotism Jeremiah '4: 1.14 37; 11^1 38; 1, Recent successes in Space. Flight, coupled with sny great respect for • historical aeeusacy, lead me to break silence .and state that the first astronaut was Pat Sawyer. I was back-up man in this, and Pat made a triple. Passage and took food while in weightless condition. His re-entry attitude was magnifieent. Although Pat and I have been close. ler ,years, only once before have I intruded his wonderful adventures to this audience — that was year's ago when we lined a colony of Wild bees, and In. the .excitement that prevailed When the bees ganged up on us we came back to the house wear. ing each other's pants.. But now that penetration of the Outer Beyond is almost everyday, I feel his orbit should be put on record. This was in 1033. The clois drums had hit, and a greet stringency prevailed, Anybody who had any money was hanging on to it, and it looked as if the customary vacation we took with the Sawyers would have to be feregone. But our two ladies contrived somehow to save up .exactly $32, and with this be- twixt us we decided to take a motor trip until we had spent half of it and then come home, We went up into. Quebec, Can- ada aboard a "coop," which meant Pat and I sat in the front seat and the two wives enjoyed the "rumble," It didn't rain dur- ing the whole trip, We had lunches for several days packed, and avoided anything which cost money, In retrospect, it was really a fine time, but in 19.33eit seemed like a penurious outing, Well, somewhere up there we rounded a hilltop curve in a dirt road, and came upon a scene so handsome we stopped to admire it, There was a well-populated farmyard there, and we talked with the children and then with their parents, and our short stop lengthened into quite a visit, They brought out some almost- black slabs of maple sugar, and we had some thick slices of home-baked bread slathered with farm-fresh sweet butter, and we learned the names of all the chil- dren, And we asked them the na- ' ture of an odd-looking device just across the road, which they told us was a "roulotte," or wheel. We tried in our faltering French to learn what it was for, supposing it had some farm pur- pose, and discovered it was a plaything. It was a home-made Ferris-wheel, built by papa for the amusement of his brood, and the children pulled us by the hands to. show us how it worked. It was cunningly contrived,• Made of peeled spruce poles, it was perfectly. balanced so it turned at the top of two 20-foot tripods, making the top of the . wheel at least 40 feet off the ground. This is something of a height by itself, but the land- scape spread downward into the Valley so an illusion of more was created. I've never seen a home- made plaything like tnia any-; where else. The children clamb- ered aboard until eight of them occupied the little seats, and then t OUTBOARD ASTRONAUT—A compact space pack has been designed which almost con- verts an astronaut in a pressure suit Into a one-man spaceship W. J. North wears a mock- up of the pack, left. The pack would operate with hydrogen peroxide jets and is designed to position and stabilize a crewman or OStrOnaut during operations outside a spaceship. It would permit him to transfer from one vehicle to another and to act as a human tug'for moving large sections of spacecraft being constructed in orbit The pock is shown, right, with its cover off, Upper section contains four-hour life support system (oxygen, etc.). Jets and fuel supply ore in the bottom half. meiwary scripture; Itendet therefore unto. Caesar 'the thingl Willa are Caesar's; and unto God the things that are Clod's. Matthew 23:21, For three hundred years As- syria was the dominant world power. In 625 B.C, the °hal- deans threw off the yoke of As- yria and 18 years later de- stroyed Nineveh, the Assyrian capital. Now the only cliablen- gex to Chaldean supremacy was. Emit, King Josiah took the side of ,enrIPt and lost his life, His successors were puppets of the Babylonians. Some of the people of Judah were taken captive to Babylon. Jeremiah told King Zedekialt that complete domination by the Babylonians was inevitabl e, Other prophets were crying, "Peace," They accused. Jeremiah of lying. When Hananiah, ono of these, treated Jeremiah with great contempt, Jeremiah pre- dicted his death within a year. He died in two months, Later, as recorded in chapter 37, Jeremiah, going out of the city to attend to scene business, Was accused of attempting to desert to the Babylonians. He was arrested and thrown into prison. In chapter 38 we see how Jere- miah was charged with betray- al. He advised against defending the city. For this, he, an ardent patriot, suffered as a traitor in the mire of the dungeon. Jeremiah saw that God's cup of wrath was full. Judah must receive the punishment which she had brought upon herself. Jeremiah also saw beyond the punishment. He saw the triumph and return — the re-establlsh- ment of a cleansed nation. His- tory has proved that he was right. There were many who were willing to tell the king what he wanted to hear. When the crisis was on, the king sent his mes- senger to Jeremiah saying, "Pray now unto the Lord our God for us," 'The lonely prophet who was opposed on every side was really respected by those who opposed him. God's messenger must be faithful to the truth, no matter who is displeased. God will vindicate his servant. ITIEF Illvi FR , _06 , dLia.r4 Columbia knew about this sugar and, gathered it, Perhal>1 frOM quite early times. Their knowledge of it likely came from observing the activi- tics of "old sweet tooth," the blink bear that climbs fir trees and knocks down branches bear- ing melezitose. Possibly because the supplies were not abundant, 1,1:Lck bear and. the Indians kept knowledge of it to themselves. 'low the early explorers, znis-. aionaries, and later surveyors came to miss noting this pheno- menon, one so unusual in nature, is strange. Yet, apparently they did, as I have been unable to find any mention of it in early chronicles of the province; and certainly, had it been known, they would surely have written of it, by reason of its very odd. ness, The sugar forms on the fir branches in irregular masses from a quarter of an inch to two inches in diameter, and also in white flakes. The sugar is white, just like the refined arti- cle of commerce, and is very sweet to the taste. Investigation in the dry belt has shown that the trees grow- ing on northern and eastern slopes are the chief bearers of sugar. Trees on the other expo- sure do not generally yield. Nor do trees in heavy dense forests of the coastal regions. It has been conjectured that the pro- duction of sugar by the fir trees is stimulated by the atmos- pheric conditions in this region of British Columbia, Trees ex- posed to a good supply of sun- light gather carbohydrates on their leaves, Ordinarily these are taken into the plant at night to supply tissues and storage cells. In the dryabelt, however, an ab- normal amount of carbohydrates accumulates on the firs. At the same time the soil, warmed by the sun, increases the root acti- vity so that it continues into the night. In this region, the nights are hot, dry and short. As a re- sult of the increased root acti- vity the root pressure increases immensely. This and the cessa- tion of transpiration cause the leaves to become gorged with water. This water, heavily satur- ated with sugar, is forced to exude from leaf tips into the hot dry night, where it rapidly eva- porates leaving ,deposits of su- gar, These deposits sometimes fall on the 'brahches below to form large inasSes. Because its formation so largely depends—on certain at- mospheric conditions, the sugar is not a croli;;that can be relied on. However,' it may be produc- ed in other ways, as was shown in the strange case of the dead honey bees, occurring in Penn- sylvania around 1919, A bee- keeper lost a number of his hives when the bees died for no apparent reason. However, when samples of the comb honey were analysed they were found to have been made almost entirely of crystallized rnelezi- tose, which is unsuitable as bee food. This proved to be no in- novation on the part of the Pennsylvania bees, reference§ in the literature on bees, includ- ing one written in ancient times, mention the habit which bees have of gathering manna from trees during droughts, because floral nectar is not then abun- dant. A search was made for the source 'of melezitcse in Penn- sylvania and it was found to be the , jack pine. In this case the formation of the manna on the tree was believed to have been caused by an attack by insects. Analysis • made at both the chemistry laboratories at Otta- wa, Ontario, and Washington, D.C., show the sugar to have a high degra of constancy of corn- position. Although its supply is too small end uncertain to make it likely to be competitive with sugar cane or sugar beets, the fact that, it yields a pure rare trisaccharide may make it valu- able in chemistry and in the mixing of medicines. the other ehildren went to work a motor and Leese turning the thin;E.. Here, miles from any or,. 24:ini.i.eit activity, the Lames had net, (ally provided a Ittilquo, and exeiting peelime toe his children, but had provided children enough to make it operative, Around and. around they went, shouting and laughing, and then they .stopped s the wheel and told me I was to get on, Qua of the 'children hopped off id I took his place. Then they ran me up to the top position and told Pat to take the bottom one. You could see that the chil- dren realized the necessity of balance, indicating that certain physical lawa had been inculea- tSd by this plaything. It was an instructional toy. Pat sat down and they. gave us a fine ride up and down, up and down, with the spruce poles creaking and the bearings whinning in the lack of lubricant. But when it came to dismount- ing there was an over-shot, Pat was holding a bread-and-butter sandWich, chewing from it as lie rotated, singing an an old con- veur.de-bois song in rhythm, and suddenly all the children were off the wheel, I was stepping out of the downward seat, and he was all alone, by himself, solo, in tne topmost seat. At this time things went out of control. Pat thrust his bread into his mouth and grabbed on with both hands, and through the delicate texture of the staff of life he emitted a. muted and circular wail whiCh was easily visible all over Can- ada, He came down like a shot, went up like a blast, and made three complete orbits before his momentum played out, After that.he began to run down like a pendulum, up and down, up and down,. up and down, during which he continued a certain discourse which unfortunately was not taped by tracking sta- tions and hence is lost as a his- torical document, We did try to stop the thing, but the law of inertia is such that grabbing sleek spruce poles as they rush by is not as easy as Pat seemed to think, • A pick-up was finally made, however, but scientific data was not significant for the reason that Pat :hardly spoke to me again until late in 1937, and it was the early '40's before he was really civil. I have noticed that whenever the word "vacation" is mentioned in his preseace—or "bread-and-butter" and the word . "coop," and Quebec, and such- like—that Pat kind of winces, closes his eyes tight, and. grabs the arms of his chair. He was, of course, our first astronaut and away ahead of his time. — by John Gould in the Christian Science Monitor. What follows are excerpts from an article entitled "Death on the Farm — the Crop that Never fails" by Thelma Dick- man which appeared in the lat- est issue of the Imperial Oil Review. Probably you have - read or heard most of it before —but I pass it along because the care you t o o yesterday won't protect you from the care- lessness of today or tomorrow: * * * The morning Sven Johnsen swung his four-year-old son up behind him for a ride on the tractor "as a treat," it was rain- ing. The tractor wheels sucked and slithered, in the sticky soil and •Mrs. Johnsen had a moment of misgiving as' the machine moved off , into the mist beyond the farmhOuse. But, the weather had kept the family`-indoors for- over a week they were air bor ed and restless, and some fresh air would give •her son a good appetite for lunch. The little boy never ate the lunch his mother prepared. The tractor tipped on a spongy piece of ground, the boy was thrown off and a wheel crushed his skull. Neighbours sympathized with the Johnsens — everyone felt the tragedy keenly — and yet, not two weeks later, A SECOND CHILD DIED IN MUCH THE .SAME WAY, not half a mile from the Johnsen's farm. * * * As these fan Iles now realize ('but as many farm families do not), farming is one of the most dangerous occupations in. Cana- da. In Ontario alone in 1960, there were over 7,800 farm ac- cidents, with medical bills total- ing $701,000, property damage amounting to $5,253,199' — and 112,493 working days were lost. Farmers get hurt everywhere , and anywhere. They injure• and kill themselves in fields,' barns, garages, houses an d. highways. Harry L. Powell, U.S. chairman for the National Conference for Farm Safety, estimates that ac- cidents kill one U,S. Palen resi- dent every 45 minutes, and every 32 seconds a farm resi- dent has a disabling injury: In Canada, a recent national sur- vey indicates that one in every fourth farm family will be in- volved in an accident this year. Unlike industrial worker s, protected by Workmen's C o m - Pensation Boards, sickness and accident insurance and union benefit plans, farmers usually have only one form of insurance to rely oti—their own continu- ing good health, Even a relative- ly insignificant accident can mean a loss to their incomes. Take the case of a leg injury,, with medical bills totaling $180. Like the war that was lost for Want of a horseshoe nail, This farmer's field work was late, his feed poets cattle production fell off and his groea ititeitrie drop- ped from $16,000 to $6,700 in one Year because of One Minot jury. e , Worlkinen'a Compensation of &Atm, available to farneens as well as industrial workem but the Act doesn't Make it easy for them to participate. For ono. thing, a feriner can only apply for'coverage if he ettPlOyi 10. Color CROSSWORD 11. High 18. Peel one's PUZZLE 19. Scarce way 20. Egypt, skink a Unit of weight 21 Bobbin 4. Harpoon 5, Russian sea 6. Disttirb 7, Dance step 8. Pr. cap 9, Runaway marriage 22. Inclination downward 24, Cultured woman 26. Let it stand 28. County in Be braska 29. B Ne undecided Si, Not far 33. Feminine name 36. Take up again 39. Interprets 90. Dull finish 41, Rendered fat 42, Silkworm 44. Ireland 46. Food fish 47, Cuttlefish fluid 49, Recline 49, Secret agent 3 F 7 6 ACROSS 1. Seed 4. Coarse hoininy 8. Crooked 12, Trouble 13 Malayan canoe 14. namb's Pseudonym 15. Hardens 17. Kind of bisouit 18. Respiratory sound ID. Drive war 20, Zeal 28, Kind of rook . 25. Profound 26, Chief actor 27. Swab 80. ProPer 82, CariCel 34. Entirely 85. Weird 87. Soon 88. Angry 40. Muffled 41. Bar for 43, Burn 48. Dry 46. Shorten* 30. Cerernoiii 51, LeaVe out 82, Pinch 83. Period* 07 time 54. Sand hitt Solatkola, D Mbe OWN tittalt Artirlelat lanttiapt 1/ 9, ••••• • .4.4. ale sa•Se /3. '7 /6 22 2/ 20.; 21t, 23 2$ 28 27 asise. 26 30 Jf 3Z 31 35 33 37 36 36 , 43 37 '02 If si* 45. 49. le 44 48 sa• 'ENTLE AS A LAMB •---,- Tender care is given these young lambs by a tiny fellow at Graff Reinet, South Africa, South •• i• • South Afr idd is the third largest praducer at Waal in the' Work. 31( 5-7 Answer this page ,14,,01,9 •