The Brussels Post, 1962-07-12, Page 4A Modern View of
the Sea of G lWWWee
Seine hundreds of feet below
the hotel, which stands on the
brow of the hill, ties the ancient
town hot, dry, and dusty in
summer, hut in spring enjoying
a perfeet climate. Probably the
saline baths, which resemble
those of Carlsbad, were the rea-
son for its founding, Pliny men-,
0000 them, Vespasian and his
sell, Titus, were fond of coming
here
Herod Antipas founded the
town, removing his capital from
Sepphoris in the hope of gaining
favor with the new lrmperpr
after his sycophancy Of Augustus,
In this he succeeded, Tiberias was
pleased with his; minion and sent
hint back to the shores of the
Galilean Sea with his head still
on his shoulders.
But the significant thing is
that this is one of the holiest
Parts of the entire Holy Land,
PMI's your vantage point above
the lake where you are, in fact,
about at sea level, you may turn
about and mark the ancient road
that leads to Nazareth, the road
of the caravans, the imperial
messengers, the armies, and tra-
velers between East and West.
Beyond the road is Old Testa-
ment Judaea, On this side is New
Testament Christianity,
Here the Master walked and
talked, yonder is a bare brown
hill looking down on the Galilean
Sea, the hill, so it is claimed, of
the loaves and fishes and the
thousands who partook of them.
Cana is not far away, though
now only a huddle of Arab huts
with the name Kefr Kenna. A
saddle-shaped mountain called
by the Jews the Horns of Hat-
tim overlooks the plains where
Saladin defeated the Crusaders,
The blue Galilean Sea itself is
one of the treasured memories of
all travels. Titus compared it to
Lake Neuchatel in Switzerland.
It is generally as tranquil, but
there may upon occasion arise
swift storms, swooping down
through the hills and the gorges
into the deep pit of the Galilean
Sea, as when Jesus was in a small
boat with Peter and the others.
Behold, there arose a great
tempest in the sea, insomuch that
the ship was covered with the
waves: but he was asleep."
(Matt. 8.)
Today the Galilean Sea is dis-
puted water. Patrol boats, both
Syrian. and Israeli, are constant-
ly alert lest the fishermen of one
or the other encroach upon the
areas allotted by agreement, en-
deavoring to prevent the clashes
that have more than once occur-
ed here on the waters which
knew the footsteps of the great
preacher of the dictrine of good
will among men.
In the evening, from the hill-
top, you can see the lights flicker-
ing along the shore as the Gall-
lean fishermen prepare to set
forth, 'even as they did two thou-
sand years ago. "Simon Peter
saith unto them, I go a fishing."
(John 21.) But the fishers of
these days are mostly Arabs,
and to them the Master was only
another mortal who went about
doing good.
Nevertheless, they area friend-
ly lot, and it may be that you
can make arrangements to go "a
fishing" with them, though you
must be prepared in some way
to satisfy the patrols that keep
an eye upon every Israeli fishing
boat, writes Marc T. Green in
the Christian. Science Monitor.
The boats — "ships" of the
Scriptures — are no more than
wide-beamed, blunt-bowed craft
18 or 20 feet long, constructed for
utility and not beauty. The oars
are thick and heavy, but a sail
Q. How can I prevent my
'white leather gloves from tern-
ine yellowish after several clean-
ings?
A. By adding a teaspoon of
powered borax to your clean-
ing fluid,
REHEARSAL? — Parachuted cargo for support of some 1,000 82nd Airborne Division pares
troopers drops at Camden, S,C,, during the largest U.S, war games since World War II.
"The spirit off liberty Is the.
game protected in the genie re- Great Hurnon Beina
Serves,
Now, however, it IS the land- Passes
spirit which is net too diree that
it is right. . ."
From Sight
These words, from one of
Judge Learned Hand's Most fa-
inous utterances, could have been
applied as well to the spirit of
justice that guided him through
half a century on the Federal
bench. It was a spirit reflected
in the 2,000-odd opinions be
wrote over the years.
Should the pro-Bolshevik ma-
gazine The Masses, be suppress-
eel (at the end of the first world
war)? No, said Judge Hand. TS
do so would be "to disregard tin
tolerance of all methods of poli-
tical agitation which in normal
times is a safeguard of free goy.
ernment."
Should the conviction of tin
top U.S. Communists, under the
Smith Act, be upheld (this war
In 1950)? Yes, wrote Judgt
Hand, "The advocacy of violenct
may, or may not, fail; but ie
neither case can there be any
'right' to use it."
It was for opinions like those
— the opinions of a man "not
too sure he was right" — that
Learned Hand came to be
known as "the judge's judge."
Many considered him the most
brilliant of his time, When the
late Supreme Court Justice Ben-
jamin Cardozo was once asked
whom of his colleagues on the
Court he considered the greatest
living American jurist, Cardozo
replied: "The greatest living
American jurist isn't on the Sup-
reme Court. His name is Learned
Hand," e 4
Born in Albany, N.Y., he was
christened Billings Learned
Hand (Learned was his mother's
maiden name), he attended Har-
vard, both the college and the
law school, and received his ap-
pointment to the Federal bench
when he was 37. In 1951, he for-
mally retired — at '79 — but
continued to serve when called
upon. Just two years ago he
celebrated his fiftieth anniver-
sary as a U.S. judge in Neve
York's Foley Square C o u r t-
house — with Chief Justice Earl
Warren among the well-wishers,
Last month, at 89, Judge
Learned Hand died peacefully in
the New York home where he
and his wife had lived since
1902. Many would recall the
words that ended his "spirit of
liberty" speech:
"The spirit of liberty is the
spirit of Him who, nearly 2,000
years ago, taught mankind that
lesson it has never learned, but
has never quite forgotten: That
tilileerleeamstaysh'baell abeKhienagsdelolanndwhcoenre-
sidered side by side with the
greatest,"
Some women claim to keey
Secrets to the bitter end
Which is usually the spot
Where they meet a woman
friend.
Perhaps we should ?fart paying
diplornens ,o a peacetime base.
Wito(594' 'OrittbOM
a window of 0 house in
onto ..the sidewalk, which
was Made ;just' after she
the divided
An ',East-Gel-nil:4i ebuold eescepe from
Consteunist-tentr011ed sector of Berlin
lies in the Western sector: This photo
communists eedleti off the, abcrder
hungry Africans who are press-
ing in on the fertile grasslands
of the Urnfolozi Game Ileserve,
An one point along the reserve's
boundary, beyond which new
African squatters were building
new huts, Mr. player and 1 came
upon stake marks within the
game reserves and knife cuts
upon trees, apparently indicating
the site of a kraal actually inside
the game reserve which some
Africans intend building. And
already there have been clashes
between African squatters and
white and African game rangers,
On several occasions during
the past two days we have
stalked white rhinos at close
quarters on foot in the bush, On
each occasion when they scented
us they retreated and did not
charge—most different behavior
from that of the black rhino
which is likely to charge at the
slightest provocation,
Clearly these huge, shy, mag-
nificent animals will fare badly
if the encroachment of African
squatters continues. Just as
clearly, the land-hungry Africafts
have grounds for frustration and
resentiment at their removal
from lands on which they might
have lived for many years be-
fore being compelled to "squat"
near the Zululand game reserves,
It is a delicate and difficult
problem, and an unenviable one
for those who must do justice
to the needs of the overcrowded
humans on the one hand, and the
preservation of a priceless piece
of natural history on the other.
Upon the imagination and wis-
dom of their decision may de-
pend the fate of those "living
fossils," as they have been called,
the world's last, rare, white
rhinoceroses,
Hard Going
For Soft Drinks
In a nationalistic fervor, Unit-
ed Arab Republic President Ga-
mai Abdel Nasser decided eight-
een months ago that the time had
come to produce a soft drink
made by an Arab company for
Arabs and drive the "imperial-
ist"-made colas out of the Arab
orbit. Last week, Nasser was a
rbig step closer to his wish,
In London, an Arab trader
named Abut Abclullah unveiled
a bottle containing a brandy-
colored liquid made of the carob,
or locust bean, of Greece and
called Sidrob. The soft drink,
which has a sweet, nutty flavor,
will be made by a new govern-
ment-formed company at six
plants in the U.A.R. The first
two will be completed near
Cairo by Feb. 1, the anniversary
of the founding of the U.A.R.
"With this beautiful drink,"
boasted Abdullah, "we shall
drive Coca-Cola out of the Mid-
dle East."
U.S, soft-drink companies sell-
ing in the area had not heard of
their new competitor and were
unwilling to comment on its
• prospects. But one Arab execu-
tive gave warning that Sidrob
might yet be a name to reckon
with. "If Sidrob is a success,"
he said, "we intend to extend
sales gradually all over the Mid-
dle East and eventually hope to
launch it in the British and
European markets,"
There was, however, one touch
of irony in the. Arab world's new
drink. Its "secret formula" was
concocted in the "imperialistic"
laboratories of Manchester's Bar-
fos group, one of Britain's larg-
est suppliers of essences for fruit
juices.
••,••,•:, •
'TALK ACROSS THE 60116ER IN Beerielle — tonverside ateeset toartkacie,. tneenberi 4this
East German PeopiVs police ley to exploits' the sieucitiert lei West Berliners Offer the Reds tioteti
en East-West border eretelha point in the city Auo.
is carried in case, theee is a
possibility of using it, The nets,
square in shape and weighted
with leaden pellets, are probably
much the same as those used by
Peter and his friends, Certainly
the fish, almost all of one kind
and called in Arabic •"enteht,"
are the same as then. They are
flat, with a large head, and sur-
prisingly edible.
After their labors the Arabs
build a fire on the beach and
roast the fish, accompanying
them with the flat brittle Arab
bread that resembles a large
griddlecake.
The Galilean Sea is a part of
the Valley of the Jordan which
is, in effect, a great rift valley,
a deep tropical trench between
Palestine and Arabia. The Jor-
dan, winding and twisting like e
frightened snake, enters the lalse
at the northern end and leaves
at the southern, continuing on its
way to the Dead Sea, In the rift
valley, bare and sun-baked as it
is, men have built cities through
the ages. What brought them
here? Perhaps it was the ready
growth of many varieties of fruit,
or the useful bamboo and the
palm with its many benefits to
man, likewise the sugar cane.
Anyway, ruins are all about
some nothing more than sun-
blackened rocks that hint of the
doings of men in an age long
predating that of the Master.
Up the lake a few miles are
remains that are accepted as
those of Capernaurn where Jesus
lived and taught for so long, but
this is not certain. Nearer is the
supposed site of Bethsaida, and
a group of dust-covered. Arab
huts called. El Medjel may be the
site of the village of 1Vlagdala.
But I do not think the proven,
or otherwise, authenticity of the
sites themselves matters so much.
The important thing is that they
are, in a manner of speaking,
symbols.,They remind you that
here the Master walked with his
companions, that here he taught,
and here perhaps felt himself
more certainly in the company of
friends, and his leadership less
questioned, than in any other part
of the Holy Land,
Here definitely it was that New
Testament Christianity had its
birth. Jesus of Nazareth, the
great Galilean, was at home here.
Here, around and in sight of the
Galilean Sea, many of his most
notable acts were recorded.
Shifting Problem
In Modern Cars
Remember way back when
automobiles .all had different
gear-shift patterns, and the posi-
tion that might be "reverse" in
one car was "high" in the next?
If you do, you're much older than
we, or us. Those too young to
remember can take our word
for it that such was the state of
affairs until, the triumphant adop-
tion of the standard shift pat-
tern.
Today most cars have automa-
tic transmission, but with this
additional progress the car
makers seem to have reverted to
the confusion of the days before
the standard shift. What we are
talking about is the fact that the
automatic shif t position for
"park" in one car may be that
for "reverse" in another.
It may have been all right for
cars to have different shift posi-
tions in the old days. Familiarity
with the various systems was
something to brag about, especial-
ly if one knew nothing else, But
confusion between the "park"
and "reverse" positions in these
days of teeming traffic may easi-
ly be disastrous. Matters are not
helped by the tendency for one
family to own two cars, whose
shift patterns may differ,
The time is here for another
great meeting of minds on shift
patterns, in the interest of safety,
Furthermore, such standardiza-
tion would very likely save the
car-makers money. — Pasadena,
(Calif.) Sun-News.
Trying To Save The
White Rhinoceros
Here in the heart of Zululand
is the last refuge of one of the
rarest large animals in the
world. This is the white rhinocs
eros, the fascinating, bulky pre-
historic creature which dates
from the Eocene era, and which
attracts visitors from as far
afield as the United States and
Australia to view it.
Most people, when they think
of a rhinoceros, conjure up a
picture of the black rhinoceros
which is found in various parts
of Africa and in zoos throughout
the world. But the white or
square-lipped, rhinoceros is in
quite a different category. This
is a rare and valuable animal,
only a small number of which
are left. The commercial value
of a single white rhinoceros is
between $15,000 and $40,000.
The terms "black" and "white"
rhinoceros are used simply to
distinguish between the two
types, A black rhino is in fact
not black, and neither is a white
rhino white. Both are the same
basic gray color, which varies in
hue depending upon the color of
their last mud bath.
However, there are important
differences between the two. The
rare white rhino is far heavier
and bigger than the black, weigh-
ing about three tons and stand-
ing 6 feet high at the shoulder.
Most prominent feature of the
white rhino is its square lip, in
contrast to the prehensile point-
ed upper lip of the black rhino.
With its square lip the white
rhino is able to graze at ground
level off grass, whereas the
black rhino browses from shrubs
and bushes at head level.
The black rhino is an aggres-
sive and frequently bad-temper-
ed animal, likely to charge any
man or vehicle within range, By
contrast the white rhino has a
much more agreeable tempera-
ment, and is almost a shy animal
for all its great bulk and armor.
Upon your approach it is more
inclined to retreat than charge,
and when a white rhino does
charge it is more likely prompt-
ed by panic than malice.
Once the white rhinos roamed
Africa in relatively large num-
bers. But with the coming of
white hunters and the later
availability of fire arms to Afri-
cans the rhinos were slaughtered
on a major scale.
Today these rare animals exist
in two pockets. One is in the
northern part of Africa, ranging
from the former Belgian Congo
across Uganda and into part of
the Sudan. With the upheaval of
the Congo, the fate of the white
rhinos there is uncertain, and
poaching is rife in Uganda and
the Sudan.
Game experts say there are
HAPPY SCOUT — Dressed in full
scout uniform, Burmese Prime
Minister U NU tosses a salute
at a Boy Scout encompienent
near Rangoon.
probably less than 1,000 white
rhinos left the world today, and
of these the bulk—about 600—
are there in the -second existing
pocket, in Zululand,
Zululand, however, is not es-
caping the change and upheaval
of the rest of Africa, and with
the pressures and politics of
modern days, the last great pre-
serve of the white rhinos is
seriously threatened.
For the moment, the rhinos
are centered on the Umfolozi
Game Reserve, which is located,
about 30 miles up a dirt track
from the nearest little Zululand
town of Mtumatuba. Of the total
of 600 white rhinos in Zululand,
about 250 are inside the 72,000-
acre Umfolozi Reserve, while a
further 20 are in the nearby
Hluhluwe Game Reserve of 52,-
000 acres. The remainder of the
rare white rhinos, although pro-
tected by law from being hunted
and killed, roam adjoining gov-
ernment lands outside the re-
serves, lands which have not yet
purpose.
The
for any specific
The game reserves are control-
led by the provincial adminis-
tration, or government, of the
province of Natal. The land sur-
rounding is owned by the central
government. And the two bodies
are currently locked in dispute
over this surrounding land, the
outcome of which in the view of
game experts might decide
whether the white rhino is to
continue to exist or become ex-
tinct.
The dispute is •overshadowed
by the fact that Natal is the
stronghold of English-speaking
South Africans and is a province
which has consistently opposed
the broad political policies of
Prime Minister Hehdrik F. Vet-
weerd's central governMent,
Basically, the plea of the prov-
incial authorities which adminis,
ter the garde reserve is for abed
another 80,000 acres of land, cur-
reetly owned by the goverhment,
to be turned over for game pre-
nervation,.
Part Of this land forms a cor-,
tidier between the existing Utile
foiogi and Hluhluwe Caine fie-
serves. Its allocation would eon-
solidate these two reserves into
brie big new One,
the rest of the land liee to the
south and west of the Umfolozi
Reserve, end is land over Which
the white thliede eleeady roam.
tame eiteeette argue that if they
had this eldtit land, they coteld
fence elle Emits game reserve
and compel the white rhinos to
remain protected within it.
At present, they say, the. Um-
folozi Reserve is confined within
a triangle formed by the route'
and ultimate confluence of two
rivers, the White Umfolozi and
the Black. Umfolozi,
These rivers, with a rise and
fall of 30 feet, are impossible to
fence, and the game men declare
it is essential that the reserve's
boundaries be extended beyond
these rivers to include land al-
ready roamed by the white
rhinos, writes John Hughes in
the Christian Science Monitor.
Their argument is that it has
always been understood that this
land should be proclaimed as a
white rhino reserve but that the
proclamation has been postponed
over the years for various rea-
sons.
All this is in itself enough of
a problem to pose serious doubts
about the future of the white
rhino. But now recently events
have taken an even more de-
sperate turn.
For thousands of African
"squatters"—Africans who have
no legal right to settle on the
'land they are presently occupy-
ing—have moved into the un-
allocated government lands sur-
rounding the Umfolozi Reserve.
This is land which the game men
say is essential for preservation
of the white rhino,
Thus has developed a serious
clash of interest between the
African squatters on the one
hand and the guardians of the
rare white rhinos on the other.
Legally, the position of the
Africans is clear. They have no
right to be on the unallocated
government lands they are oc-
cupying. But these are Africans
in the same plight as thousands
throughout South Africa.
In terms of various govern-
ment segregation laws they have
been uprooted, perhaps from
white-owned farms, or urban
areas, where they may have lived
for many years, and are being
sent back "to the. African re-
serves," or country areas,
Their numbers have been swel-
led by thousands arrested by
police in a series of "clean-up"
sweeps throughout South. African
cities, designed to weed out Afri-
cans whose various documents
and papers qualifying them to
live in urban areas may be tech-
nically out of order.
From the point of view of the
authorities in charge of the game
reserves, the issue is clear. They
pay that other land must be
made available for the African
squatters currently crowding the
game ereserve borders and that
these buffer strips must be pro-
claimed as game ,..reserve if the
white rhinos are to be preserved.
A spokesman of the central
government, however, says that
although the African squatters
are on government land illegal-
ly, they will not be moved until
the government dedides whether
the land is to be used for African
settlement or proclaimed as game
reserve. In other words, there
is no guarantee that this land—
which the game experts say is
essential if the white rhinos are
to be preserved—will in fact be
made available as gaine reserve.
In past years, there have been
Other pressures upon the Zulu-
land gable reserves. 'There have
been white farmers who have
campaigned for their abolition
on grounds that wild animals
carry disease to cattle and do-
Mestic animals, 8otne -have urged
that the game be shot and the
land handed over for:allocation
at farms.
efeWeVet the conservationists'
etnenaign :against antagonism by
local White farmers aPpearS
largely won at this- stage, and
some fanners have swung their
support behind the local wilds
We association which Is vitally
interested le preservation not
only of the' White rhinos but of
the Metier other types of wild
:rzonce wit