The Brussels Post, 1961-12-14, Page 2QUIZZES KENNEDY FOR SOVIETS' IZVESTIA—Aleksei Adzhubei, editor of the official
Soviet government newpaper "Izvestia" and son-in-law of Premier Nikita Khrushchev, in-
terviews President Kennedy at Hyannis Port, Mass. From left: The President; Alex
Akalovsky, State Department interpreter; Georgi Bolshikov, Russian editor - interpreter;
Adzhubol,
11
p.
11
1'
11
- Same Day Ants May
Rule The World
If human beings hotels their
affairs, ants may eventually rule
the earth in their place. Um:lig-
Pitied, you think? Perhaps, But
ante are not so, puny as rnidlione
who trample them underfoot
imagine.
They form the only societies,
apart from man, to indulge In
organized warfare, and totalitari-
an practece,s,
Certain sjecies raid the quar-
ters of other species with Mili-
tary,like precision, seize and
carry off captives, and then in-
corporate them as slave labours
erg in their own communities,
Theirs is a concentration camp
technique even Nazi Germany
might have envied for its ruth-
less efficiency,
Despite their lack of size, ants
also possess quite staggering
powers of territorial expansion.
In the nineteenth century an
Eastern species spread rapidly
over North Africa and Southern
Europe, even reaching Maderia
and Bermuda.
And theis the invaders quickly
exterminated the smaller native
races.
Now an Argentine species has
caught the imperialist or coloniz-
ing fever.
From its original base at New
Orleans, this species has overrun
the southern United States. More
recently, its advance parties have
poured into. Bermuda where they
are busy consolidating their posi-
tion by destroying earlier in-
vaders.
Some 15,000 different species of
ants are crawling about the
earth. They do not interbreed.
Altogether the ant kingdom, has
untold thousands of millions
more beings than the 3,000 mil-
lion strong human Ace.
If our civilization goes atomi-
cally mad, same of these crea-
tures, .eapecially. those living in
cells cfeeP eiliarkidlind; "will al-
most certainly survive In the
light of modern resea.i.ches, only
a foolish man would place a, limit
on the power of ants.
The fiercest of them carnivo-
rous species, at idWa MOion-
ary" or "driver ants," advance in
dense columns .exterminating
every living thlresan thenetiack.
If they come across a tethered
horse, goat or camel, they will
pick its bones cleene s esesse. Their paisley, se pore cencen-
hated and ugly.- ealything
ever practised by invading Hune
or Tartars.
These killer ants never slack-
en, never abandon, their restless,.
annihilating spirit; it seems that
they are eternally on the march,
and what mares their march so
terrible and so uncanny le that
every member of th'4Ire'dAtiesc-
tive legions is completely slalied.
Acute powers 6f smell ,,guide
them to their preys
Ants, in comkorl' 4ithluman
beings, belong to different orders
or evolutionaryt gfadings. Sonesee
species, like man inhis earlS,
days, lived ,nerilys ses nomads
and hunters, -stanch-1V, 'capturiAgs
and devouring other insects.
But evolution, exerting invi
v
s-
ible pressures over thousands of
years, has elevated them, Now
we see them as pastoralists, cow
keepers and agriculturists.
A good example of this devel-
opment comes from Brazil. Here,
the "atta ants" live in highly
organized communities under-
ground.
An ant city, with its -raised
mounds, twenty feet or more
across, may weigh several hun-
dred tons and house over half a
million inhabitants.
There is ceaseless activity
within and without. The work-
ers stream forth daily to collect
herbage. Some climb up trees,
others collect these pieces and
carry them fifty yards or more
to the subterranean city.
There they are laid out on
chamber floors to act, in their
decaying state, as fermenting
beds for the fungi oe which, the
whole colony lives.
Through this industry, esillione
of tiny mushroom-Iike .seedlings
:spring up. The ants mow off
ISSUE 50 — 1961
their heads, eating these tops es
their dello, bread.
Scientists have tried in vain to
reproduce these ant mushrooms
in laboratories. In cultivating
their fungi the ants, it seems,
smear them with a fertilizing
Ingredient from their own bodies
which is unknown to science,
writes A. J., Forrest in `‘Tit-Bits."
Eventually the time comes for
a young quen to leave the city
on her nuptial flight arid estab-
lish a city of her own making.
Before taking off, she collects
some fungi spares, kneads them
into some leaf soil, and drops
this vital dowry into her mouth
pouch,
Then, once she has mated and
found a crevice where she can
prepare a bed chamber to begin
her enormous reproductive duti-
es, her first concern is to spit out
her precious mushroom pellet.
The spores take root, germinate
and multiply.
So the new city's food supplies
are assured. For the queen
quickly breeds workers, which
tend and extend these fungi beds,
so keeping pate with the colony's
ever-growing needs. That won-
derful cycle never ceases.
Dairy ants keep their "-cows"
in underground sheds with en-
trances and exits so designed
that their domestic stock, aphides
and other insects, can't escape.
These creatures are genuinely
milked. The ant cowherd strokes
them with his antenna, causing
them to secrete juices of nutri-
tious quality to ants.
The ant's power of accomplish-
ing near-miracles without so
much as a second's training or
instruction is incredible.
The termite or white ant, for
instance, can quite easily masti-
cate concrete and digest wood, A
termite queen, when in full crea-
tive flow, lays 2,000 eggs in a
night, each one conforming to an
Intricate hereditary pattern.
The nurses are born sterilized,
and soldiers with extra-large
armour-plated mandibles are pro-
duced to defend nests and police
the colony,
Many appear to be immune to
gas squirted by some insects as
part of their defensive apparatus.
And each colony provides for a
sufficiency of winged males and
wingless females — queens-to-be
—to continue the race.
Wars between ants are almost
human in their development
from chance incidents. Usually
battles begin with just a few in-
dividuals quarrelling.
But soon combative hosts join
in. Before long, the fight is en-
tirely out of control, as great
numbers of ants pour into the
battle, biting off the heads of
rivals or crushing their bodies
against stones and rock walls.
But the raids of the blood red
slave-maker ants are very differ-
istint. These raids are planned
strategically,
Scouts go out first and ascer-
tain the position and strength of
iscolony of wood ants or large
black ants, two species most
commonly raided for slaves.
These raiding ants split up into
three (sr more marching columns.
Each takes a separate route to its
objective. But, thanks to un-
canriessplanning, all arrive at the
same time.
Then the assault begins, with
the soldier ants leading the at-
tack. They burst through the
guards, enabling their support
groups to follow and help in
carrying away prisoners or coin-
betine resistance pockets.
The mot:Ives sought are always
brood cocoons.
Warmish days are favoured for
these operations because the
coveted cocoons then lie in the
upper chambers of an ant hill, a
site where they are most accessi-
ble for assault parties.
These cocoons hatch out in the
raiders' city. Their products
grow up into slaves and accept
their condition without the least
resistance,
Later on, they even take part
in raids on the very cities in
which their queen mother lived.
So, you see, ants could take
over—if they get a chance,
The six-year-old asked the
druggist for a package of diapers
for his baby brother. "Here they
are—and no tax on these, ydneg
man". "We don't use tacks, We
use safety pins."
' TABLE TALKS
clam Andsewe
The mushroom industry would
like to stress the point that
mushrooms should never be soak-
ed in a pan of water. To clean
them, wipe with a damp cloth,
or, if necessary, wash quickly un-
der a thin stream of water and
wipe dry, Mushrooms should
never be peeled; in the peel is
much of the fine flavor and food
value of the vegetable.
So long as mushrooms feel dry
and firm, they are perfectly
fresh, Small brown spots or open-
ed caps simply mean they are
ripe. Size is a matter of prefer-
ence: small and large ones may
be exactly the same age and have
no difference in quality.
* * *
At home, mushrooms should be
kept in the refrigerator. Fit them
into tall plastic containers, un-
covered, and give them plenty of
room. They will ordinarily keep
a full week.
Yes, they can be frozen, too,
but not for long storage. Ceep-
ine them more than a month
makes them tough,
* *
It is also important never to
overcook mushrooms. Ten min-
utes is the limit, and even less
for fresh or small mushrooms.
If you want to use them in a
recipe which must cook, say, for
45 minutes, saute or steam the
mushrooms and add them during
the last ten minutes,
• * ,s
Here are a few helpful equiv-
alents in weight: when a recipe
calls for 1 pound fresh mush-
rooms, you can use 20 to 24 of
assorted sizes, or a quart meas-
ure of whole mushroom caps
(measured when raw), or a 6 to
8 ounce can of mushroom caps.
* * *
Before I. came to Dallas, I
heard of the black pepper cake
that Mrs. Ernest D. Williams of
this city makes. I wanted to
taste it, and a mutual friend told
her when to expect me, so she
baked one for me—fresh, warm,
and aromatic. It proved to be a
spice cake with a little added
zing that is difficult to analyze,
writes Eleanor Richey Johnston
in the Christian Science Monitor.
"Where did you get the recipe
for such an unusual cake?" is a
question often asked her. I asked
it too,
"I really made up the recipe,"
she answered. "I used an old
family recipe for spice cake as
a foundation, then I changed the
spices—took a little away from
some and added a little to some
others and substituted black pep-
per for others. After L baked
several, I decided'on my present
recipe as being the best,"
*
Mrs. Williams bakes her black
pepper cake often because it is
a favorite with her family and
friends.
"I pack three lunches every
day for my husband and two
daughters—and all of them espe-
cially like this cake in their
lunches, It is really no trouble
to make. I just mix it, pop it in
the oven, and go off and do other
things while it bakes," she ex-
plained.
"I cook all my loaf cakes until
they loosen from the sides of the
pan," Mrs. Williams added with
the casualness of the natural
cook.
The Williams's two daughters,
Cheryl and Sara Jeari, Were lis-
tening to our spice cake talk arid
they both chimed in to says
"The whele neighborhood
knows it wh e n Mother bakes one
Of her 'Meek pepper cakes, Yee
tae smell the delicious, spicy
take up and down the steed,
Neighbors passing sniff and
smile and say, 'Another black
Pepper cal:el' "
"If any of the cake happens to
get stale, slice and butter it geld
put it• testier the broiler for I( tevt
ASTRO-DINING—Last of the
30-ton main supports for Seat-
tle's "space needle" restau-
rant is moved into'. place. Pa-
trons will dine at the 500-foot
level. The restaurant will be
a feature attraction at Seat-
tle's World's Fair in 1962.
minutes—it's really good eaten
that way," Mrs. Williams called
as I was leaving,
BLACK PEPPER CAKE
21/4 cups sifted flour
1 teaspoon baking powder
3/4 teaspoon soda .
3/ teaspoon each, salt and
cloves
1 teaspoon cinnamon
3'j teaspoon black pepper Ws
teaspoon, if it's strong)
e/s cup butter
3/4 cup dark brown sugar,
firmly packed
1 cup "sugar
1 teaspoon vanilla
THAT'S SHOE BIZ — Heels
over head, Beti Seasy obvi-
ously is overjoyed by her elec,--
tiotu. Miss Srriiling Ankles
of ,-A. shapely chorine
in , s t a s Broadway Musidal,
"Carriiva," Ben was chosen OS
the Model for the National
Shoe Institute. Her "Crown,"
naturally, consists of twa dif-
ferent type shoes.
3 eggs
1 cup buttermilk.
Cream shortening until like
whipped cream; add brown sugar
and stir, then add white sugar
and vanilla, Beat until grains of
sugar almost disappear. Add
eggs one at a time, beating well
after each addition. Sift together
flour, baking powder, salt, pep-
per, and spices. Add this to first
mixture alternately with butter-
milk to which soda has been add-
ed. Beat well after each addi-
tion, When all is mixed, pour
into well-greased and floured
pan or pans (it may be baked in
layers or in a loaf). Bake at 325°-
350°F. from 45 to 60 minutes or
longer if loaf, and 20-30 minutes
at 350°-375°F. if layer.
*
"The following is a recipe
which I think homemakers will
enjoy. It was given me by my
sister-in-law. While I do not be-
lieve it is original with her, I
can vouch for the delicious re-
sults," writes Allene E. Thorn-
burgh, of her carrot cake recipe.
CARROT CAKE
11/2 cups salad oil
2 cups sugar
4 eggs
3 cups sifted flour
3 cups finely grated carrots
le cup buttermilk
2 teaspoons soda
1 teaspoon baking powder
1 teaspoon cinnamon
1 teaspoon lemon extract
1/s teaspoon salt
Combine salad oil, sugar, and
eggs, adding one at a time and
beating until mixture is thick,
This may be done with mixer,
but remainder of mixing must
be done by hand. Add soda and
lemon extract to buttermilk, Add
baking powder, cinnamon, and
salt to 1 cup of flour. Add these
mixtures alternately to first mix-
ture. Then add alternately re-
maining flour and carrots. Turn
into greased 10-inch tube pan and
bake at 250°F. far 11/2 hours,
Topping: Combine 1/2 cup each
of chopped nuts, undiluted fro-
zen orange juice, and sugar.
Spread over cake immediately
after taking from oven. Let
stand in baking pan to cool.
Decorate with cherries, if de-
sired. * * *
"Here is a recipe for- a fruit
cake which I like very much,"
writes Mrs. Florence Lumsden.
TROPICAL FRUIT CAKE
3 cups whole nutmeats
lee cup each, red and green
cherries, whole
1 pound dates
3/4 cup sifted flour
3/4 cup sugar
ee teaspoon baking powder
Ve teaspoon salt
3 eggs, beaten
1 teaspoon vanilla
Preheat oven to 300° F. Put
waxed paper in greased loaf
pans,
In a large- mixing bowl, place
the whole nuts, whole pitted
dates and whole cherries, Sift
together the flour, sugar, baking
powder, and salt and add to nut-
fruit mixture until all fruit is
well coated, Beat eggs he sepa-
rate bowl until frothy; add
vanilla, Add to first mixture and
mix well—mix last with hands.
Pour into loaf pans and bake for
11/2 hours or more. Cool before
cu
SIT-DOWN AT HOME
At loggerheads with British
philosopher Bertrand Russell
over a question of pacifist poli-
tics,• two of Rusell's ban-the-
bomb disciples practiced What
the Master Preaches—'a eit-dbWis.
proteet., The sitting's setting un-
settled Earl Russell, and he sum=
Merida polite to evict the squat-
tens from his own living totiien
The ousted pair—a man and e
vesimati;asended up paying $2.80
and professed diSiney et
Russell's lack Of 'syrriPathY.
don's Sunday' Tirnee gleefully
headlieed the epiebdeS Rtieselle
Checks Wit to ireOSL-
Top News Story
Of The Year
When the Associated Press cir-
culates to all its subscribing
newspapers its yearly list of ma-
jor stories for 1901, asking them
to designate which world stories
they would put among the 10
most important for this year, it
is virtually certain that the
breathtakingly dramatic seizure
last January of the Portuguese
luxury liner Santa Maria will be
very close to the top of the list.
For this action, taken under the
leadership of Capt. Ilenrique
Galva°, and designed as a world-
eye-catching protest against the
increasingly disreputable dicta-
torship of Antonio Salazar in
Portugal, was perhaps the most
startling act of its kind since the
end of World War H,
Nor was it the last act in the
bold Galvao campaign against
Salazar. Early in November, and
a day or so before the Portuguese
were to go to the polls to vote
without choice for a hand-picked
list of candidates, members of
the Galva° movement seized an
airliner in the sky above Lisbon,
circled the city while the secret
police watched in helpless anger,
deluged the city with anti-Sala-
zar leaflets and landed the plane
and its passengers safely in.
Tangiers.
Facts on who Captain Galvao
is, and why he is such a bitter
opponent of dictator Salazar, as
well as an almost hour-by-hour
account of the Santa Maria af-
fair, are provided in the book
"Santa Maria; My Crusade for
Portugal" by Henrique Galvao,
whose interest is only exceeded
by its timeliness. Written by
Captain. Galvao himself, it is a
fiery, fiercely felt shout of indig-
nation against the man (and the
system) who, -for some 35 years,
has been running Portugal as he
saw lit and with little regard for
the susceptibilities of others.
Filled with the bitterness and, to
the Anglo-Saxon mind, the exag-
gerated language which typify
the Latin rebel, it is a sobering
account of the truly desperate
situation -- from a diplomatic,
political, economic, social and
(vide Angola) colonial point of
view — into which the Salazar
overlordship has thrown a NATO
ally of the Western world,
Well known in Europe as a
writer, one-time governor of a
portion of Angola, once also a
hand-picked Salazar member of
the National Assembly, Galvao
broke once and for all with the
dictator when his fellow Assem-
blymen in 1948 refused to heed
his tale of the shocking condi-
tions prevailing in the Portu-
V
pesoe colonies fend which in 1961
burst forth into .gruesenne war-
fare/. For his courage he ePant
seven years in jail, Hardly had
he been relosed than he win
attacked the dictatorship end
was sentenced to 10 years more,
Escaping in January, 1959, 'he at
last Made his way to South Ain..
erica, where his planning results
ed in the Santa Maria affair, a n
adventure which occupies more
than half the space in this book
and makes exciting reading,
Mose, much more, . will be
heard of Captain Galvao in the
near future. This book will ex-
plain why the dictatorship in
Lisbon cannot rest easy while he
is free and plotting its downfall,
Dieting For
Good Old Siwash
At 344 pounds, Prof. Haig per
Marderosian was a big man on
the campus at Emerson College
in the Back Bay section of Bos-
ton. For lunch in the college
cafeteria, the 6-foot 1-inch speech
teaches' regularly put away five
or six assorted sandwiches, three
bottles of milk, and a Danish
pastry or two. Between classes,
Marderosian, who coaches both
the wrestling and debating teams,
could polish off three or four
apples,
Now, all this has changed.
Earlier this month, Marderoelan
went on a diet. His object: To
lose 100 pounds and earn some
$25,000 for the Emerson College
Alumni Fund in the process.
"When we heard that Haig was
was going to slim down," ex-
plained a college spokesman, "we
thought he might as well do or
diet for dear old Emerson. We
asked students and alumni to
pledge up to $1 each for every
pound he loses, We got 1,500
pledges, including one from Mess
dersotan's mother, and another
from the company which does
the catering fpr the college cafe-
teria. His diet has already cost
them $60 in lost busieese."
By last month, Marderosian
(now known as "The Vanishing
Armenian" among joshing
friends) had trimmed off 3ele.
pounds and was still going
strong. "I'm sure I'll Snake the
100 pounds by the April 30 dead-
line," he beasted as he sipped a
glass of liquid diet food. "I've
got real-personal motivation. I've
got a n.ew office—on the fifth
floor of a walkup building. Have
you ever tried to hoist 344
pounds up five flights?"
Junk — what you keep for ten
years and throw away a week
before you • need it,
ELECTRIC CAR—Jack Eakirit, district Manager of the Cen-
tral Division of TVA, leaks, over the Henry Kilowatt, a
Modified foreign tor that runs on electridity. It is operated
by 12 heavy duty 6 volt batteries arid 'Wee one-fourth of a
eent's worth of fuel a mile.
Fashion Hint