The Wingham Advance-Times, 1955-05-04, Page 9I
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PARLIAMENT |HILLi<
By W, Marvin Howe, M. P,
Wellington-Huron
Marvin Howe, M.P., for Wellington-
Huron, made a plea for decentraliza
tion of industry in a debate on the
budget in the House of Commons last
week, He said that the spreading out
of industry would not only assist in
civil defence problems, but would aid
considerably the Canadian National
Railways which last year had a de
ficit of 28 million.
The text of Mr. Howe’s speech fol
lows:
Mr. Speaker, in rising to take part
in this debate I do not intend to delve
Into any particular aspects of the
budget. They have been dealt with
very ably and efficiently by some of
the other members of our party.
However, I should like to deal with
one or two problems that are partic
ularly applicable to my own riding
and constituents and which, if
promptly acted upon and dealt with
in an effective way, could have a
great economic effect on the whole
of Canada.
I do not wish to belabour an issue
that has been debated from time to
time in this house, but I do notice
that issues that are continually
brought to the attention of the gov
ernment sometimes do find their way
into legislative measures. The quest
ion I am going to discuss was men
tioned in the latter part of the second
great war, and has been mentioned so
often since that I cannot understand
why some concrete policy has not
been advanced by this government to
assist in the decentralizing of indus
try.
A great deal of the buoyancy of our
financial position in the world today
is due to the fact that foreign capital
is being invested either in the devel
opment of our natural resources or in
the creation of new industrial empires,
I feel that consideration should be
given and planning should be done
to see that those empires will be set
up under conditions
that will be in the
Canada as a whole,
I feel that there
departments of our
would be' economically affected by
planning of this kind. The first de
partment is that of transport. Indica
tions are that our railroad systems
have been operating at a tremendous
deficit for the last year. In fact we
know that in the year 1954 the Can
adian National Railways had a deficit
of $28,758,098. They find that some
of this deficit arises from the fact
that quite a number of their branch
lines are not paying. I feel that if in
dustry, which is being centralized in
and
best
in locations
interests of
three main7are
government that
The Wingham Advance-Times, Wednesday, May 4th, 1965our metropolitan areas, could be dis
tributed throughout the entire width
and breadth of pur country it would
naturally give more business and bring
more revenue tp our transportation
systems. I also feel that if many of
these branch lines are discontinued
the possibility of smaller communi
ties getting any of these industries
will become practically nil.
Another department that is involved
is the Department of Northern Affairs
and National Resources which,
through co-operation with the pro
vincial departments of planning and
development, should take some steps
to see that great industrial empires
do not encroach on our very valuable
agricultural lands. I speak particular
ly of the lands in southern Ontario,
where we have been endowed by old
mother nature, with fertile soil, a
moderate climate and all the natural
attributes to make that one of the
most productive fruit and vegetable
districts in the world. Man can never
replace these natural resources which
have been given to us, and there are
many districts where soil and natural
conditions make it impossible to carry
on agriculture economically, yet'
where it would be feasible to build
manufacturing plants*
Then We have one other department
of the government which is directly
involved, namely the Department of
National Health and Welfare, which
has the task of promoting and de
veloping civil defence. We hope and
pray that these tense periods will pass
and there will not be another great
war, but we know that we must look
upon this matter with a sense of real
ity when all the great nations of the
world are doing their utmost to keep
ahead in the creation of new weapons
of destruction. To thi3 department
falls the task of looking after the
safety of the citizens of our country
in case of attack.
When so many people are gathered
together in great metropolitan areas
the task of protecting or removing
them from these areas becomes well
nigh possible. We shudder 4to think
what could happen. We have seen it
happen before when our weapons of
destruction were many times less de
vastating than they are today. Had
more thought and planning been
given to this situation the expensive
projects that we find in our larger
centres to relieve traffic congestion,
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such as subways and through express- that when beef prices drop, when Jiog«
ways, might not have been necessary, j poultry,
I feel that if more direction were
given, many industries would settle
in smaller communities to the mutual
advantage of both the industries and
the communities. Today we find that
people living in those smaller com
munities are demanding and getting
all the facilities provided in more
thickly populated areas. If they had
more supporting taxpayers the burden
of municipal taxation on property
owners would be less oppressive.
The second matter I wish to speak
about is also one that has been given
considerable publicity in this house,
but it is also one about which I feel
not too much has been done. I refer
to the condition of the farming indus
try in our country. When one looks
over the budget one finds that as re
gards the farmers as a whole very
little relief has been given to alleviate
the trying circumstances in which
they find themselves. It is true that
the average farmer may pay a few
cents less in income tax, though when
I spoke tp a couple of my constituents
during the Easter recess I found that
one indicated that his reduction in
revenue from the sale of his hogs
over the past year was $2,500, while
in the case of the other the reduction
was $1,500. Therefore I think they
will find that 'their reduction in in
come tax will be very small this year
because a lot of them will not have
to pay any tax. The farmer may get
his tires a little cheaper. If he has a
car to turn in he will likely
little less for a new one than
before.
A survey by Dr. McFarlane, of the
Macdonald agricultural college,
dicated that according to the bureau
of statistics a year’s work by an ag
ricultural worker was worth only
$3,600, while a year’s work by workers
in other occupations was worth almost
$5,000. The explanation is that while
the prices of farm products have been
steadily declining for several years,
the prices being charged for other
products of our agricultural products
are not getting an undue share of the
national production.
I am sick and tired of the fanfare
and headlines that follow declines in
agricultural prices. So much has been
said about our high-cost economy
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pay a
he did
in-
or any other agricultural
products go down in price, headlines
proclaim that according to the indeM
of 'the bureau of statistics, the cost of
living has dropped, I do pot think, Mr,
Speaker, that when, it is caused by
only one segment of our economy, it
is too much to shout about, and I feel
It is a very selfish way of looking at
this question,
No part of our national economy
can live unto itself today. If farm
prices drop, the things the farmers
buys are fewer, and believe me, he is
willing to buy when he is making a
profit on his operation, He is willing
to buy such products as farm imple
ments, clothing, electrical appliances,
automobiles and many other ordinary
commodities of everyday life. When*
the farmer stops buying the manufac
turers of all those commodities find
that production soon catches up with
the .demand and there are lay-offs
that are not all caused by the dump
ing of commodities by other countries
where labour costs are lower. They
are caused partly by the falling off
in the purchasing power of one of the
basic industries of our country.
I say that part of the fluctuation in
the farmers’ prices and in our agri
cultural returns results from the fact
that today we have no definite, gen
uine market on which we can depend
from year to year. The United States
of America has from time to time
been a good customer, but under ordi
nary circumstances and in an average
year the United States produces more
agricultural products than she herself
can use.
The budget gave no indication that
there would be any increased promo
tion of trade in agricultural products
with other countries. There was a time
When we enjoyed access to and even
preference in the British markets
where, because of their tremendous
population, there are approximately 30
million people to be fed every year,
and which is one of the most perma
nent and stable markets in the world
for agricultural products. There was
a time when our cheese ranked first
in demand by the people of Britain.
How do we know that the newer gen
erations who have grown up and who
have developed an appetite for this
product from other countries will
have the same preference as the rank
and file of British people?
In those days not only did our
cheese go to Britain but our butter,
our pork and our heavy steers went
to that market. We do not send any
beef today, and in that connection it
might be interesting to note that Brit
ain buys 70 per cent of the beef pro
duced in the world. I feel that a great
deal of the uncertainty in our agri
cultural economy is due primarily to
the loss of this market.
This great Liberal government tells
us that one of the reasons we had to
give up the British market was that
Britain did not have the dollars with
Which to buy the products of our
farms. But did this government leave
no stone unturned to see that every
possible dollar’^ worth of defence pro
duction was spent in Britain? The
report of the Department of Defence
Production, January 1 to December
31, 1954, indicates that materials pur
chased in the United States in the
period April 1, 1951, to December 31,
1954 totalled $493,731,000, whereas
those purchased in Great Britain
amounted to only $104,255,000. Had
more dollars been spent in Britain
she might have had dollars
could have been used to
agricultural economy.
This government has
business, which has been
circumstances for years,
are faced with another buyer’s mar
ket. This applies not only to business
in Canada but to
ternational field,
our country felt
adequate markets
and that when they were ready for
market there would not be a surplus
they could produce more than they
are producing of cattle, hogs, poultry,
butter, cheese, etc., and their cost of
production would be reduced while
our gross national product would be
increased.
In the face of continued drops in
agricultural prices there is one other
thing I should like to mention, a
phase which was applicable not only
to my own riding in 1954, but because
of excessive rainfall during the har
vest season applied equally to many
districts, particularly in southern'
(Continued on Page Ten)
which
stabilize our
been telling
in straitened
that they
business in the in-
If the farmers of
that there were
for their products
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