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The Wingham Advance-Times, 1939-02-16, Page 4WINGHAM ADVANCE-TIMES XOK3JOK 1O1S3QE i Carnival It Mr.SALEM ASHFIELD ST. HELENS MORRIS I 3QJK4 o n O night took some George Wheelers the rafters were —------------------------- ■ Page four iiwm#)SJOKHOE 25c, SOE3O OXZXOET BLUEVALE the oc- NOTICE TO CREDITORS WANTED—A quantity of feed man- gd«. Apply Leander Good, R.R. 1, Belgrave At the close ci the meeting & '“Pot •Luck” lunch'was served by foe mem­ bers- and all enjoyed a social hour. from Rheumatism, Sciatica, Back­ ache, use Rumacaps — their Two- Way Action attacks the cause. Mc-| Ribbon's Drug Store. .... ........ “I FOR SAl.E—Four hen Turkeys and a. good Gobbler, bronze; also two ducks and a drake, White Pekins,, Apply to Mrs. Win. J. Parish, R R. No. 4, Wingham. WORK WANTED—Girl wants work in town or country at a reasonable wage. Apply to Advance-Times. lOJBrtOE 1 THESE WANT AD’S BRINGS RESULTS Ji ll cents a word pen insertion, with a minimum charge of ^»E30E AUCTION SALE—Of Implements ami Farm Stock will be held at Lots 25, 26, Con, 1, Morris miles west of Bluevale) at 1 p.m, on Tuesday, Feb. 21st. Terms — Cash. No Reserve as farm is sold, F»- W» Kemp, Auctioneer; David Jewitt, Prop. BUILD an independent business of your own with the distribution pt over 200 guaranteed necessities in select district. Every day is pay day, Repeat orders ou all gjods. Lower prices. Success guaranteed to all honest, ambitious, alert men. Write today without obligation to FAMH,EN CO., <570 St. Cement, Montreal. COW FOR SAl.E—Due to freshen March 1st. Apply to Norman Bak­ er, Lower Wingham. COLLIE PUPS FOR SALE—Sable and white, 3 months old. Apply to Samuel Coulter, R.R. 3, Wingham. FARM FOR SALE—Lot 19, about 108 acres, also 50 acres more or less East half lot 22, both Concession lb, Trunberry. Good soil, good water, good hardwood bush on both lots. Lot 19 has good buildings and a large winter apple orchard. Will sell together or separately. Apply io John C. Mitchell, R.R. 2, Wing­ ham. :ocsdl NOTICE TO CREDITORS All persons having claims against the estate of James S. Paulin late of the Village of Wroxeter in the Coun­ ty of Huron, Retired Painter, who died on or about the twenty-sixth day of January, A.D. 1939, are notified to send to J. H. Crawford, Wingham, Ontario, on or before the fourth day of March, A,D. 1939, full particulars of their claims in writing. Immedi­ ately after the said fourth day of March, 1939, the assets of the said testator will be_ distributed amongst the parties entitled thereto, having regard only to claims of which the ex­ ecutor shall then have notice. DATED at Wingham, this fourteenth day of February, A.D. 1939. J. H. CRAWFORD, Wingham, Ontario, Solicitor for the Executors. United Church Services Rev. A, V. Robb preached on Sun­ day morning on “The Woman of Samaria” showing how Christ over­ came barriers of sex and race and sin to bring Salvation. In the evening “Jacob” as a type of Christ was subject, tisms, three marriages and seven fun­ erals. AlLexpenses were met in both con­ gregations and $235. contributed to the AL and AL Fund from the circuit, reported by R. H. Mclvinnon, Bert Garniss and Robert Shaw. The Women’s Missionary Society reached their allocation, $130. in ad­ dition to sending a bale to the West, was the report of Mrs, Arthur Shaw, treasurer. The Women’s Association raised §203. and gave supplies valued at $51. The ladies made 14 quilts. The secre­ tary and the treasurer, Mrs. James Johnston and Mrs. Joseph Curtis, re­ ported. The Mission Circle finances am­ ounted to $9. George Johnston re­ ported for the Young People’s Union an income of §67. For the Bluevale Sunday School, George Hetherington, secretary, stated the average attend­ ance 55, with receipts of §170. includ­ ing a balance from 1937. Mrs. Stanley Gallaher gave 13 names as enlisted on the Cradle Roll for Bluevale church. Ebenezer Sunday School had re­ ceipts of §111. and sent $20. to mis­ sions, The Young Men’s Bible-Class raised $20. The B. B, Club of ladies, recently organized, raised $47. by col­ lections and a bazaar, devoting $20 to home missions. David Jewitt and Stanley Gallaher were re-elected to the session of Blue­ vale Church. Will Peacock and Geo. Hetherington were elected to the Board of Trustees. Ushers and col­ lectors were re-elected. The Board of Stewards of 18 members, was re-el­ ected, with George Thornton chair­ man, Charles Johnston, treasurer and Mrs. Edward Johnston, recording steward. r Thursday, February 16, 1939 -r ARENA Activities SKATING — On — Wednesday Evenings with Little German Band Saturday Afternoon Saturday Evening Fri., Feb. 24th Watch (or further particulars. FOR RENT — Store property, rec­ ently vacated by Advance-Times. Apply J. H. Crawford. FOR SALE—Double House, all con­ veniences. Will sell at reasonable price. Apply F. J. Mooney.______ GIVE YOUR RADIO a break and save yourself money by buying your radio requirements at Camp­ bell's Garage, Tubes and batteries tested, fret\ We sell products of Canadian Tire Corp. NURSES—Applications will be re­ ceived by A. Cosens, Secretary of Wingham General Hospital, for nurses for general duty, POTATOES FOR SALE—Delivered anywhere in town by the bag^ Ap­ ply John Falconer, Phone 2C7J. SMAI.I, HOUSE FOR RENT—Well located. Apply J. H. Crawford. Hespeler Minister Preached Rev, John McKenzie, Hespeler copied the pulpit in Knox Presbyter­ ian church on Sunday, using as his text. “Ye are the Salt of the Earth” from Christ’s sermon on the Mount. A solo “Open Mine Eyes” was sung by Jack. Patterson. To Observe World’s Day of Prayer The, W. Af. S. World Day of Pray­ er service will be observed on Friday, February 24th, An invitation is ex­ tended to all ladies of the community to attend. Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Elliott and family were Sunday visitors at the home of Mr. and Mrs. David Pocock at Holmesville. Mr. Pocock who was seriously ill in Hospital returned home Saturday. Mr. and Mrs. Stan. Vanstone of Wingham, spent Sunday with Mr. and Mrs. Fred Elliott, Bluevale Road. Mrs. Jack Wickstead of Morris, spent Monday with her parents, and Mrs. George Thornton. Sunday with his mother and brother on the 1st line. We are sorry to hear Mr, Chas. Bosman has been sick and hope he is better again. A large number attended the fun­ eral of the late Mrs. Chas, Campbell last Wednesday. The wind Friday of the roof of Mr. barn and some of taken off also. Mrs. Earl Hamilton and two child­ ren, spent a couple of days in Wing­ ham with Miss J, McEvens. Mr. Warwick Campbell of Indiana came home to attend the funeral of his mother, the late Mrs. Chas. Camp­ bell, on Wednesday of last week. Mrs. Cloine Higgins returned home from Toronto last Monday after spending a month with her mother, who is sick at her son-in-laws and daughter, Mr. and Mrs. Vern Higgins. 40%, linseed meal 37%, soybean meal 41%, soybean seed 86*13 %. Soybeans are used commercially in large quantities, particularly in the United States. The oil is extracted from the beans by various methods and this oil is utilized in the manu­ facture of soap, paint, as a salad oil and in many pother ways. There is Hi tie or no starch in soy­ bean seed and therefore soybean flour made from the whole beans or from the meal after the oil has been ex­ tracted from the seed is highly re­ garded as a food for diabetics. Lecithin, a nerve food, plastic sub­ stances and even a substitute for wool are now being made from soy­ beans which have been described as the richest seed that is grown field crop. GEMS FROM LIFE’S as a SCRAP-BOOK CHURCH “Persecution has not crushed it, power has not beaten it back, time has not abated Bushnell. its * is force.”—Horace * that institution EARNINGS HAVE TWO JOBS To Sustain Yoii and Your$ Create Other Funch Today For Use Tomorrow The “SECURITY AT 60” Plan of THE MUTUAL LIFE OF CANADA is the solution to your problems. W. T. BOOTH, C.L.U. Representative Wingham Phone 165, 190 this plan the best of the grain will be available for seed. Small grains make good feed but poor seed. The Crops, Seeds and Weeds Branch of the Ont. Dept, of Agricul-* ture is prepared .to assist farmers with any seed cleaning problems. A pam­ phlet recommending the screens for the cleaning and grading of grain and seeds is available on request. GOOD RECIPES USING BUTTER n * “The Church which affords proof of its utility and elevating the race, rousing tlhgplormant understanding from ma­ terial beliefs to the apprehension of spiritual ideas and the demonstration of divine Science, thereby casting out devils, or error, and healing the sick.” —>Mary Baker Eddy. s * * “The Union of the Church and State is not to make the Church pol­ itical, but the State"religious.”—Lord Eldon, News and Information For The Busy Farmer Fall Wheat and Rye isr estimated that the area sown to fall wheat in the autumn of 193S in Canada was 799,000 acres, a de­ crease of 16,000 acres, or 2%, as com­ pared with the area sown in 1937. Sowings of fall rye amounted to 596,- 000 acres, an increase of 2%, as com­ pared with the formqr year. Plum Pudding with Butter Sauce Plum pudding with foamy butter sauce, what a delicious dessert. 1 % 4 2% % 2 1 £ 1% =■ % % 2 teaspoons baking powder 1 cup grated cocoanut Cream shortening and sugar; add beaten egg. Sift dry ingredients and cocoanut. Combine into mixture al­ ternately with cream, Drop by tea­ spoons on greased baking dish, Bake­ in a hot oven 15 minutes. Date Bars 10 egg yolks 2 cups sugar 1 cup butter % cup cold water cups flour teaspoon salt cup dates cup nut meats Cream butter, add sugar and water to well beaten egg yolks and combine with butter and sugar mixture. Fold in remaining ingredients. Bake in a . slow oven until firm. Cool before cut­ ting or removing from pan. Holiday Cookies cup sugar egg teaspoon baking powder to 216 cups flour teaspoon salt teaspoon vanilla cup butter cup milk 3 J/2 1% % History of Institute Given i Aliss Olive Scott opened her home on Thursday afternoon for the regu-| . lar monthly meeting of the Woman’s { Institute. 15 members, five Visitors | and six children present. The presi-l | dent, Airs. Wickstead presided. j SUPERINTENDENT WANTED— answer to the roll, a number of For Wingham General Hospital, old relics were exhibited, an egg cup Applicants to state age, salary, ex-1 and a spoon, both over one hundred | ported, experience.. Applications3years of age, were foe most antique.! will be received until February.~L j-{ni Johnston read a fine paper ] Duties to commence Aiarch 1st, ir. * nr L . tt . , Ipossible. A. Cosens, Sec’y., Wing- on the H.e Who ceaces to learn [ ham. I ceases to Live, showing that home. -----r—---------------——--------------? makes Professional and Business TENDERS FOR WOOD—•Tenders; people need to study and improve will be received by the undersigned ) themselves in order to make a. success Up Until Feb. 20th, 1939, tor the: .. supply and delivery at the Wing-’^** 11 te' '• ham High School of 20 cords green! Mrs. Harold Spcir, Brussels, presi- body wood, maple and beech, 16;dent of East Huron District was a niches long. Lowest or any tender 1 est t t|,e mee||n£!: and gave an not necessarily accepted. W. AJ L . ", .Galbraith, Secretary. imormal talk, bhe stressed the mi-1 ...........................———------------------ • portance ot a thorough knowledge or WHEN PAINS ARE TORTURE ’ the Hand book, outlined a tew duties • ] ] vf Institute members, and concluded; her remarks with a short poem in [, keeping with the principals of Ipsts tute work. Miss Olive Scott, gave a history of' foe Hhtevale Branch of the Woman's Institute which was organized 36 yeaers ago. The records previous to 1912 were not available. The meetings • have always been held in foe home. Papers, discussions and demonstra­ tions have been of educational value. The courses held from time to time 5 proved profitable. Health, Home Ec- , onomics, Community* activities and Relief being foe principal subject for All persons having claims against] the estate Albert Holmes Xate of the Town of Wingham in the County of Huron, Labourer, deceased, who . died in or about the j-ear ISIS, are| study, notified to send to J. H. Crawford," Wingham, Ontario, on or before tie fourth day of March, A.D. foil partienhts of G-.eir riafots in writfog. Immediately after the said fourth day of March, 12’32, foe assets foe said deceased will be distributed amongst foe parties entitled thereto^ haring re­ gard to claims of which foe ad- sfon’Stratrjx shall focn have notice. DATED at Wfogham, this fourteenth day of February, A.D. 1939. ' J. H. CRAWFORD, Winghata, Ontario, Snloritdr for the Administratrix. i j ! 4 I NOTICE TO CREDITORS* “•— . I All ©ersons having claims against 3 foe estate of Sarah Ann Taylor taef ■of the Town Blot of Wingham fo foes County Huron, Spinster, who died! on or about the eighth day of Jana-1 ary A.D. 1989, are notified to send j to J. H, Crawford, Wingham, Oft<4 tarfo, on or before the fourth day ©f March, A,Ik 1939, foil particulars ofi their claims in writing. Immediately I fourth day of March, wiH be disiribnied amongst foe part-: its cnHled thereto, having regard on­ ly to claims ef which foe oefufor- then have notice. » We are sorry to hear of the passing away of an old neighbour, in the per­ son of Mr. Joseph Helm, who died j at his home near Lucknow on Friday I morning. The funeral was held on | Monady afternoon. He leaves to mourn, his wife, one daughter, Mrs. | Floyd Campbell, south of Belgrave, Land two sons, Mr. Tom Helm Lon- | don and Mr. Bob Helm, on the old home. Two brothers, Mr. Albert, near • Zion and Mr. Tom Helm, near Tiv- i erton and one sister, Mrs. R. Nixon, [ near Zion, Miss Freda Rhitoul, near Fordyce, is visiting with her sister, Mrs. Ralph Cameron and Mr. Cameron. Miss Rosezella Phillips, near For­ dyce, is spending a couple of weeks with her uncle and aunt, Mr. and Mrs. Dynes Campbell. Mrs. Caldwell returned to her home east of Dungannon on Sunday, after spending two weeks with Mrs. Glen­ wood Campbell. We are glad to hear that Mrs. Sarah Johnston, who suffered a stroke ' | on Wednesday morning, is improving .; how. 4 14 1 i J I J. W. Welttanfer has disposed ofs the store hvhith he vacated recently; and the ware house <i>n the corner lol ' A. D, Smith. The ware house w® be: wrecked.as soon as passible. Mrs. J. C. Higgins has returned- home after spending a month with her another, Mrs, Mary Moffatt in Toronto. Mrs. J. J. Elliott is spending a sew days with her ■mother at Brigrave. .About thirty ladies attended a birthday tea for the W.M.S. at Mrs. i D. Todds' on Thursday afternoon . A> program and a pleasant social time was enjoyed and a substantial sum: received for the society. The meeting of the Y.P.U, was held cm Sunday evening -with Dick Weath- ■ erhead’s side in charge. Russell Webb read the Scripture lesson and Isabel Miller read a poem. The topic, from the study book on “Learning to Live Together’* was taken by Mrs. McKen­ zie Webb. Mr. and Mrs. E. W. Rice favoured with a duet and the discus­ sion on the subject was led by Dick Weatherhead. The special features of next Sunday’s meeting wall be a short lantern lecture and a game of Bible baseball. j Miss Iona Swan, of Lucknow, was j a wtek-end visitor at her home here. Mr. and Mrs. A, E. Gallaher spent 'one day last week with Mr. and Mrs. Bert Harris of the 15th Con. of How- ick. Mr. and Mrs. Win. Bolt and son, Raymond, visited last Thursday with the former’s parents, klr. and Mrs. Eli Bolt, of the 7th con. Turnberry. The following spent one day test week with Mr. and Airs. John Gowdy: Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Gamble, Miss Mc­ Lachlan, Mr. and Mrs. J. .W. Hynd­ man, of Gorrie, Mr. and Mrs. Ed. Gamble of oYrkton, Sask., Mr. Harry Vogan and Mr. and Mrs. Jack Harris from near McIntosh church. » ; Mr. Joe Higgins, who teaches at Lakelet school spent the week-end with his parents, Air. and Airs. Ches­ ter Higgins. The Young People will hold their meeting this week at the home of Air. and Airs. Charles Gathers. Air. Kenneth Bennett had the mis- j fortune to lose a horse one day last | method of week from inward troubles. ....................... The Literary which was held in the Pla«es worm eS^s and disease germs Union School' Friday night of iasthvere prevalent. Inplaceofsuchcon- week was a success in every wav. Ad ditions he recommended the colony those present spent a pleasant time house s-vstem sirailar to that ^raidoy- together |ed by the local experimental farm. ] “Forty per cent of foe fault of swine I producers is that they don't keep the THE COMPOSITION I animals clean. Pigs are one of the OF SOYBEAN SEED! cleanest animals we have if given the ----’— „ j opportunity to keep clean/' he de- (Experimental Farms News) [clared. Soybean seed produced in Canada | contains on the average from 35 to I 40% of protein and from 18 to 20% I of oil. It is the high content of these1 two important constituents that is re­ sponsible for the increasing interest in the soybean crop, regardless of whether foe seed is to be utilized as a farm feed or for industrial purpos­ es, states the Division of Forage Crops, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa. Food value whether for livestock or human beings is based upon digestible Advice on Pigs Two hundred Western Ontario farmers learned about hogs at the Swine School at the Western Ontario Experimental Station, Ridgetown, on January 25th, when Dr. Lionel Stev­ enson, provincial zoologist, discussed the nature, cause and remedy of a score of swine diseases and internal parasites. He declared that drugs would not take the place’of sanitation and good care and added: “If pigs are to be profitable, they must start­ growing from the day they are born. If a pig does not make a steady gain during the first eight weeks of its life, it will be hopelessly stunted the rest of its life.” Dr. Stevenson tagged the “Round Worm” as one of the worst enemies of a pig. young pigs die worms, he said. wallow in mud United Church Annual Meeting -■ The annual meeting of Bluevale and Ebentaer congregations of the United Church was held on Friday evening, ■ following a bean supper prepared by the Women’s Association, which was much enjoyed. Rev. A. V. Robb presided and con- 1989. tine assets of the said testatrix ducted a dewtfemal period. Reports of a suceessfol year were given. Mr. Robb gave the stsssort report showing 141 resident members in Bfoevafo DATED coftgregAlfoft, aftd TO resident mem- I Wrs at Rbenezer. F^ur members were | received into the two copgregations of mwrary, AJ1O ~ 1 H. CRAWFORD. ■Mow for the T.xC’Ottor. »»> There were eight bap- We are glad to hear Mr. A’ex Me* Ewen is able to be up .and better of bis cold, Mrs. Jas., Masters visited with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. John Hall and other friends. Mr. Donald .Robertson spent last t p»r«,t I«r* WW4 Ukiet* twU cup brown sugar cup butter eggs, beaten cups dry bread crumbs cup flour teaspoons baking powder teaspoon salt teaspoon cinnamon teaspoon nutmug cups raisins cup chopped nuts cup sliced candied orange peel Sift flour and measure and sift with .baking powder, seasoning and salt in­ to a bowl. Add fruit and nuts and mix to coat with, flour. Cream butter, add sugar gradually and beaten eggs. Stir in flour, fruit mixture and bread­ crumbs, and mix thoroughly. Pour in­ to paper-Hned molds and cover oiled paper. Steam the pudding 3% hours. Foagiy butter sauce tempting accompaniment. Foamy Butter Sauce cup sugar cup butter teaspoons milk egg beaten teaspoon vanilla Stir the sugar, butter and milk to­ gether in a saucepan over low heat until well blended. Keep warm. Just before serving add the beaten egg and i vanilla and stir well. Butter Cookies Delicious butter cookies in attract­ ive shapes and packed in decorative boxes make delightful gifts lor friends and members of the family. Here are a few simple rules that will insure success if faithfully followed. Be sure your ingredients are cold, measure them carefully and combine them quickly. Chill the dough before roll­ ing it. Bake as directed. Sour Cream Cocoanut Cookies 1 16 1 ’6 with 3 to is a I1 . Seventy per cent, of as a result of these He also decried the allowing the pig to and filth in which Time to Clean Seed Delay in cleaning and grading seed until a few days before seeding, is a habit too common on many Ontario farms, states John D. McLeod of the Crops, Seeds and Weeds Branch. When the farmer finally becomes seed minded he usually finds that the quantity of grain in the bins is not sufficient to clean up the number of bushels necessary to sow the requir­ ed number of acres. Such being the case he has two alternatives, to rc-nutrients, on that portion which is ac-1 duce the wind blast and the amount Wally consumed in the body, the most important item of which is pro­ tein. Soybeans are rich in protein of high digestibility. 'The quantity of oats and barley required to supply a given amount of digestible protein is 3 to 4 times greater than the amount of soybeans required. In terms of Bushels it requires' approximately 85 'bushels of barley or 115 bushels of oats per acre to produce an amount of digestible protein equal to that contained in soybeans yielding 20 bushels per acre. Soybean seed is de-’ _ . ___ ................... .. . finitely a high protein concentrate and the very best kept for seed?~ and while comparison has been made ..i.................... „ with barley and oats, from the stand-[cleaning plant" would be wd? advised (jof small grains which should be re- s moved, or to purchase seed. In many [cases the former plan is followed and jseed of inferior quality is sown, Mr, ; McLeod says. | The seed produced on many farms j may be equal to and possibly super- | for to that grown By neighbors. It is | suggested that seed cleaning be started during the winter months;. | farm work is not so pressing; the < bulk from which the seed is to be tak-; hn is larger; smaller grains, light 'grains and off type grains may be fed Those living within reach of a seed point ot nt&itatiori. it is in a class;to clean and grade their seed during i; the winter months. If the laeilities ofquite different from those crops. On the basis -of composition it compares directly with such highly concentrat" ed feeds as linseed meal and cotton­ seed meal. According to chemical an­ alyses foe average percentage < crude protein are: Cottonseed meal, the winter months. If the facilities of a seed cleaning plant are not avail­ able, the farm sine fanning mill Should be reconditioned, placed near the bins, operated by power if pos­ sible, and grain from the best bins cleaned and reckaned. By following v2. ¥2 2 1 14 cup brown sugar cup butter egg, beaten cup sour cream teaspoon salt 2 cups flour 3,6 teaspoon nutmeg % teaspoon soda ■ ' ■>■ »...1■ ■ t 4 R 1 Ia « I a ■ ■ ■ 1a ■ ■ a a a a lucurifitO’ ** iwEwyRyMaiOAI 1 1 2 2 Yz 1 y2 ^6 Cream butter well, add sugar egg. Combine dry ingredients add alternately with milk. Add van­ illa last. Roll thin, brush with egg white, cut. SMOKERS Why not buy your SMOKING TOBACCO by the V2 Lb. Tin. You will find this is the most economical way. Omar Haselgrove’s Smoke Shoppe Look for this number on the Wallpaper “insert in your Tele­ phone Directory. FREE PRIZE­ IN Gallon Floglaze Enamel February Lucky Winner—1091 ELMER WILKINSON SPECIAL VALUES AT ★ EXTRA SPECIAL EGGS CHRISTIE'S PREMIUM GRADE "A* LARGE DOMINION ★★ of 12 ' & SODAS 5lr.O9 K: PICNIC PICKLES AUNT JEMIMA PANCAKE FLOUR MAPLE LEAF PURE LARD - PERFECTION FLOOR WAX PATTERSON'S JELLY DROPS ^.47 \j4uick or riamROLLED OATS 8 OLD COLONY MAPLE SYRUP BULK Quick or Plain SWEET MIXED 32-oi, Crisp Celery Hearts 2 Bchs. 25c Fresh Head Lettuce 2 Heads ]5C New Beets and Carrots 2Bchs, 15e .19 %b: .35 28-oz. 4*^ Jar .Z4* .15 .19Mb. Ctn. Pkg. th 1-tb. Tin IO 16-or. 4lg> BH. .J59 .25 FLOUR -41 244b. Bag when patten. GfenwOfrd Black PEPPER - ■ k1’- TAPIOCA - 2 in. McLaren’s . NUT CRUSH Colle.’n Choice _ CORN g& 2’& Special Vein os Effective Until February l8th .25 .15 ■4*3 .15 DOMINION rrrnr<t tiwno ..........................................................,i ui ..mil ..... r■ * t-4 ■•«. I■ ■ • 4 ■* B ■ * M ■