Loading...
Clinton News-Record, 1974-05-30, Page 13Joe Weber of Kitchener, left and Margaret Mallory, right, check one of the shards of pottery recovered with Dr. Edward R. Riegert of Wilfred Laurier University. One of the heavy cast iron doors from the Burns Pottery was unearthed recently and covered one of the kiln's two fire boxes, Masters student Prince Chitwood holds the door. two of the 20 university students who unearthed the burns Pottery carefully taped together One of the ten-inch crocks afterall the pledeS were excavated from the &re on the Mervyn Lobb WM on the Maitland concession. Nancy Saunders and Sandra Woolfrey worked with some Of the more than 10,000 shards that were uncovered, Probably the only known piece of Burns pottery that had been preserved was by Henry James Thompson, Goderich Township, who wrote in his diary, November 7, 1888, that he went to the pottery for a load of apple barrels and that he paid 10c for the gallon jug he purchased from Sonny Burns. The preserved piece of pottery, probably a collectors item, is a red clay pickle crock, glazed on the inside only, and it is owned by Thompson's son, Harry, of R.R. 2, Clinton. It was largely through his interest in the old Burns Pottery that the archaeological project developed, In the late I800's, with the depression of world trade, and cheaper techniques of' producing glass and tin ware, the Burns Pottery along with other potteries in Ontario and Quebec, Started to decline. A publication on the David Burns Pottery will be forth- cotning in 'approximately one year's time, and according to Dr, Riegert, will be available to all persons interested in the history and the design of the pottery. 'The artifacts for the project will be shared by the RDA, and the university for further study and reference. It is inw tereeting In note that the romp, Prince Chitwood, a masters student in archaelogy at Wilfred Laurier University of Waterloo points to the north,,.th.tpf the retangular kiln, as uncovered In an archaeological project this mciiith" in 'Gerderfch TcWriehip, 'Wear the Maitland 'ConteSakin. the R.O.M. Another brother George is listed in an 1877 Collector's Roll for Goderich Township as an owner, along with David, of 80 acres of land for which the taxes were $9.50, on lot 18, 16th concession, David Burns took over the pottery business shortly after he arrived in the township. With his wares loaded on a "democrat", a four-wheeled wagon, with its one seat in front, and hauled by one horse, he would set off through the country. It is reported that one of his customers was a storekeeper by the name of Timothy Eaton, at Kirkton. Eaton shortly after became the founder of what turned •out to be 100 years later, the largest, single private company in the world. der of the R.O.M., Dr, Charles Currelly, was a native of Huron County. What happens when the David Burns Pottery Ar- chaeological project is com- pleted? Dr. Riegert hopes that a group of local persons who are interested in the history of Huron County, and its in- dustrial development, will per- manently mark the site and preserve it from eventual deterioration. Inspired by Local Resident Mrs, John (Daisy) Torrance Of Goderich toWnship is a great granddaughter of Bernard Pohlman evans, Who found the "china" clay on the banks of the Maitland giver. The clay was used for the pottery. Clinton, Ontario Second Section Thursday, May 30, 1974 109 Year No. 22 Students unearth century-old pottery at Holmesville site An early Canadiana pottery has been successfully un- covered this past month in Goderich Township on the Maitland Concession as the result of a joint archaeological project of the Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto arid Wilfred Laurier University, Waterloo. David William Burns, of Ireland, began the pottery in the late 1850's on a small plot of land between lots 45 and 46 — property now owned by Mr. and Mrs. Mervyn Lobb, R.R. 2, 'Clinton. It continued in operation until the turn of the century. The Burns Pottery turned out hand-made utility pots, pans, jugs, flat milk bowls for skimming milk, jars and crocks in a wide variety of colored glazes. The excavation, which was started May 1st by some 20 Wilfred Laurier students, has uncovered a rectangular kiln, double-walled with two fire mouths. Two heavy cast iron doors that covered the fire boxes were also uncovered, No whole pots were excavated. (The early history of .Clinton lists a, foundry, and one won- ders if, by chance the doors were cast there.) An 84-year-old retired Clin- ton merchant, Clifford Lobb' who resides on Shipley Street, says that the kiln stood eight feet high. He recollects as a young, -boy watching Burns throwing his pots on a foot': powered wheel. "It was won- derful what he did with his two bare hands," remarked Mr. Lobb, who when very young lived some 40 to 60 rods away from where the pottery stood. Loading the wood through the doors, Burns would say, "Well, I'm going to burn some pot- tery!" First Course Ever Offered The "dig" is a credit course entitled "Historical Ar- chaeology", and it is the first such course offered by a Canadian university. The project, which is to be finalized by June 1, is co-ordinated by David Newlands of the Canadiana Department of the Royal Ontario Museum and Dr. Edward R. Riegert, Wilfred Laurier University, Waterloo. 'For the students, the back- breaking job — in days of ex- tremely cool, below normal weather conditions — or those few bright ones that the sun literally baked their skin, the project is merely applying the information that they earlier studied in the classroom, Con- trary to what the "passerby" might think - they are not being paid. The picturesque property, where the pottery once stood on the Maitland Concession, rolls down along an old road covered with an orchard and stops at the river, Burns, like other 19th century potters, could not regulate the firing temperatures, and consequently many kiln loads were ruined. And so extensive areas of discarded property have also been examined by the crew. Digging for a second kiln, one- quarter of a mile away from the uncovered one, and nearer to the river, at the time of writing, look promising, says Dr, Riegert. "Archaeology is 'destruction' in order to help us 'construct' early history" said Dr, Riegert. Briefly he traced the process of excavation and of recording: pottery shards are retrieved from carefully controlled layers of soil in grickled squares, with the pottery from each layer being maintained in separate buckets. Each blanket load of shards is washed, after which each shard is labelled as to the site and the year, the square, the layer it Came from and a registry number, A five by eight inch card is prepared for each artifact, on which is recorded the above information together with a description of the ar- tifact and its diameter. Later a drawing will also be made. Whenever possible, pieces that fit together are glued, with fur- ther reconstruction being done later. Notes made in the field as the excavation 'goes on, as well as scale-drawn plans and photographs, maintain a con- stant record of the excavation. At this date, more than 10,000 shards were recovered, and of these, 4,000 were con- 'sidered significant enough to be registered. The Maitland Concession has been a busy one this past month, The Mervyn Lobbs, •• who made the."dig" possible by granting permission for the ex- cavation on their property, con- tributed, no doubt, to the com- fort and the health of the crew. Mrs. Lobb, assisted by her daughter-in-law,. Mrs. Bruce Lobb, and her niece, Eleanor, served a hot dinner, complete with home-baking, each Mon- day to Thursday evenings, to as many as 20 who were seated at the dining room table at one sitting along with nine of their own. Mrs. Lobb said it was like preparing for a silo-filling time each evening, but they enjoyed the group. The crew set up camp of tents and trailers in the yard of Mr. • and 4 Mrs:- Murray Lobb; where they used the barn as a technical laboratory, and the double garage which is at- tached to the home, as a kit- chen-dining room, where they made their own breakfasts and lunches. Coin Flip For Lots In 1832 when Bernard Pohlman Evans, a Welshman, came to Canada, he tossed a coin at the office of the Canada Company in Goderich to see which lots he and his two travelling companions would settle on in Goderich Town- ship. Evans was 57 years old at the time, a well-to-do, well travelled man, with wife and family, while Charles White Williams and Robert Graham were in their early 20's. While his estate in England was large, he knew nothing, about farming, but he did realize that there was no substitute for the water that the Maitland River would provide. He built himself a "mansion" of a home - a two-storey log cabin, 'and he hung its walls with hides to keep the winds out. It was on the river bank that he later found "china" clay, clay which he realized was suitable for producing pottery. From his great grand , daughter, Mrs. John Torrance (Daisy Williams) who lives in Goderich Township (and in- cidentally she is a grand- daughter of Charles White Williams) we learned - "the clay was like old-fashioned. putty that we used to buy. After it was hauled from the river bank by means of a horse, it was mixed in a huge tub with water, to separate the stones and twigs." A well-educated man, he saw the value of the clay and so he sent to Ireland , for a potter. The potter proved to be Davis William Burns (1843- 1905), who was later to marry Evans' daughter Ellen in a ceremony in St, Paul's Anglican Church, Clinton in 1865, (There are two great grandsons presently living in Toronto), He was not the only immigrant, nor the only potter in the Burns family , for it is recorded in a recent copy of "Early Canadiana Pottery" that Samuel, his brother was a potter at Markham frona 1811 to 1884 a. Site which was ex. eavated several years Ago by