Loading...
The Lucknow Sentinel, 1922-09-21, Page 7the stiffest photo-topo- is usually THE FRIENDLIEST FENCE IN THE WORLD I or the Interior, and labelled Handle Carefully, Value The box contains several exposed photographic plates, In the fall of each year a stout wood­ en box measuring about a foot each way is shipped from the west to the topographical surveys branch, depart­ ment of “Glass, $5,000.” hundred the entire results of a season’s work by a party of experts engaged in mak­ ing photographic surveys in the moun­ tains. They are sent to Ottawa to be developed and enlarged, after which they are used in making a map on which every mountain peak and gentle slope, every brook and alpine lakelet, every valley and ravine will be shown in fullest detail merely by measuring the photographs. Until his exposed plates have been developed the camera surveyor has nothing to show as the result of a sea­ son spent in climbing dangerous cliffs, crossing snow slopes and glaciers., and often suffering severely from cold and wind. With the exception of some angles to determine the positions of his camera stations, he has not made any of the measurements that other surveyors usually make in the field. He will make them in the office. We might almost imagine that he has brought the mountains home in a box so that he may survey them indoors. His pictures are ordinary] photo­ graphs, but his camera is very strong­ ly and accurately made and is pro­ vided with adjustments for keeping the plate exactly upright while the picture is being taken. An architect, in preparing a draw-, ing showing the finished appearance 1 I of a building upon which he is work- | ing builds up a perspective from the ground plan and a couple of side views of a house. The camera surveyor uses the same principles, of perspective, but he first gets the photographs, which are really perspective views, and from | them he makes his ground plan or I map. Thousands of points have to be ! located, and each point must be vis- i ibie in at least two photographs to ■ find its position on the map. Although i by experience some short cuts have : been found, the office work generally takes at least tw’ice as long as the work in the field. Economically, this is an advantage, since the office work ■ is less expensive than the field work. As camera surveying is adapted to i mountainous country only the field I work is. rather strenuous, and the sur- veyor has to be an alpinist of the first order. The most desirable camera sta­ tions may be on peaks that are very difficult of access, but the surveyor does not hesitate to tackle climb. Camera surveying, graphical surveying as it called, has been carried on in Canada | for about thirty-five years; in no other I country has it been used to so great ; an extent. Dr. E. Deville, surveyor- ; general of Canada, is universally re- ' cognized as one of the world’s authori- ■ ties on the subject, and it is worthy of i note that in Indian, on the recent ’ Mount Everest expeditions, pboto- ■ graphic surveys were made with a i camera copied from those designed by : Dr. Deville for use on Canadian sur- ! veys. “How Are You, Grandmam­ ma?” Said the Dog. Dogs are supposed to talk only in stories for young children. But Mr. Alexander Graham Bell’s Skye terrier —'so we learn from an article by the inventor in the National Geographic Magazine—-was an exception to that rule; he could say, “How are you, grandmamma ?” I had, says Mr. Bell, often wondered whether there was anything in the mouth of a dog to prevent it from speaking, and I began to make experi­ ments with! an intelligent Skye terrier that we possessed. By giving suitable kinds of food I soon taught the dog to sit up on his hind legs and to growl continuously while I manipulated his mouth and to top growling when I took my hands, away. Taking ibis muzzle in my hands, I opened and closed the jaws a number of times in succession. That act produced the syllables “ma-ma-ma-ma.” The mouth proved to be too. small for me to manipulate individual parts of the tongue, but, on pushing upward between the bone.s of the lower jaw near the point, I found that I could completely close the passageway at the back; and a succession of pushes resulted in the syllables “ga-ga-ga-ga.” The simple growl was an approxi­ mation of the vowel “ah,” and, wihen followed by a gradual constriction and rounding of the labial orifice by the hand, it became converted into the diphthong “ow.” The dog’s repertoire of sounds finally consisted of the vowels “ah” and *‘oo,” the diphthong “ow” and the syllables “ma” and “ga.” Then we began to form words and sentences of those elements, and final­ ly the dog wa.s able to say, “Ow-ah-oo- gamama?” which by the exercise of a little imagination readily passed for “How are you, grandmamma?” The terrier took a bread-and-butter interest in the experiments and often used to stand on his hind legs and try to say the sentence by himself, but without the help of hands on his throat ihe was' never able to do any­ thing more than growl. The fame of the dog soon spread among my fath­ er’s friends, and people came from far and near to hear him talk. that the borax. Un- had to be Hotest Spot on Earth. The hottest spot in the world is Death Valley, an arid, sunken plain in California, about twelve miles in width and 150 miles in length. Its maximum temperature of 160 de­ grees Fehrenheit has never been equalled elsewhere. Even at midnight the mercury hovers round 120 degrees and so hot does the earth become in summer that a rock or a piece of iron scorches the naked hand. It is from this district world obtains its. supply of til recently the commodity hauled by specially built motor-lorries to the nearest railway station, 165 miles distant. Driving these lories in the more tor­ rid season proved fearfully trying. Be­ fore now drivers have been found dead, yet holding a canteen of water in their hand. In a few hours the water carried in the tank became so heated by the sun’s rays that frequent­ ly it was pumped into the boiler al­ most a.t the steam-producing stage. Engineers have now conquered this death spot by linking the most import­ ant mines with the outside world by railway. It has meant the erection of miles of trestle embankments made from stout timber. What the men dreaded was not the loneliness of their surroundings, but the pitiless sun. Some idea of the in­ tense heat experienced may be imag­ ined when it is stated that a writing- desk provided for the engineer curled, split, and fell to pieces in a few days. Now the railway has been com­ pleted and is bringing out borax at the rate of three million tons a year. Not a Friend. you,Mistress—“When I engaged Susan, you told me that you ihad no man-friends. Now, almost every time I come into the kitchen I find a man there.” Susan—“Bless you, mum, he ain’t no friend of mine! ” ‘‘Then who is he?” “My husband.” nearest spout, For­ me backward me into the found myself Outliving Oneself.FAMOUS WARSHIPS WILL BE SCRAPPED CRUISERS THAT HAVE MADE HISTORY. fresh adventures, old until we are content are. If we I reach the with our- are never eager to Reproducing Instruments Arouse Interest in Piano. Among a great many people to-day there seems to be a belief that on ac­ count of automatic musical instru­ ments, such as talking machines and piano players, the days of the piano are numbered. Now, mechanical instruments have come to stay and in Increasing num­ bers, there is not the slightest doubt, and it is well that it is so, for there is an abundant field for all. One’s ability to put records of the world’s greatest pianists on the pianola and hear the masterpieces played by mas­ ter pianists; to hear great art as sung by world celebrites, is both worthy and -wholesome. These inventions are among the marvels of recent years, and should receive every support for what they are, but, like everything else, there are twro sides to the ques­ tion, for while they temporarily fas­ cinate and entertain they can never fully satisfy, for the reason that the psychological fact will remain that the fascination, the joy, the wholesome imagination, and the real contentment to be gotten by doing the things our­ selves, is ever. Not so with the versifies he asked if the player pianos were not destined to drive the piano students from the field. To this a well-known critic replied that there were young people constantly in a cer­ tain home and they played all the time, the phonograph being used only for dancing. Some of the players knew' but one or two chords, some played tunes with one finger, and one enthusiast played all the popular melodies with his right hand, his left monotonously played the tonic chord. There is no doubt whatever that the player piano and the phonograph stimulate affection and interest in the art of piano playing. The average young person seeks to know some­ thing about the piano. So, thanks to the value of the mechanical instru­ ments, piano playing proper is increas­ ing by leaps and bounds. Dangers of Deforestation. When by reckless tree-cutting the forest cover is removed from hills and mountains., nothing is left to hold the rain—no layer of living roots, mosses or other vegetable growths mixed with decaying leaves., to act as a sponge and retain the moisture Thereafter, in consequence, the rainfall runs off in torrents., and the streams to which it should afford a regulated supply throughout the year are flooded in winter and dried up in summer. Inci­ dentally, the soil is washed away and the hillsides', once beautiful with fresh growing verdure, become so much barren desert. In this way the water supply of cer­ tain areas of country has been prac­ tically destroyed. The forests of the hills and mountains are natural stor­ age reservoirs. Destruction of these reservoirs means, ruin to the farmers in the valleys and on the prairies. ----------------e>---------------- Savings are a weapon which no one can afford to disdain the same yesterday and for- long ago, in conversation president of one of our uni- a in The Gentle Art of Making Out Bills. In Tiffin, Ohio, says F. P. A. in the New York Tribune, there is a tailor who has had a few garage repair bills. The other day the garage man had the tailor sew a button on. The next day he got this bill: To sewing cn button ....... .15 Thread .................................... .03 Rutton ......................................... . .06 Labor 1-4 hour..................... .30 Removing old thread ....... .07 Labor 1-8 hour......... ..... .... .15 Needle..................................... .02 Beeswax.................. .... .01 Knotting thread ................... .02 Labor 1-6 hour .... . ........... ... .20 Total .................® • • • •.. $1.01 Chased by Orcas. Explorers in arctic and in antarctic regions look upon danger to life and limb as merely an unpleasant and rather commonplace circumstance in the day’s work. Mr. Herbert G. Pont­ ing, who wa,s a member of the ill-fated Scott expedition to the South Pole, de­ scribes. in Travel an incident that shows how insecure the life of man is among the ice floes of the far South. One morning, he says, I wp.s about to start along the edge of the ice w'ith my camera when eight killer whales, appeared; they were heading toward the ice and were blowing loudly. Ever since I had first seen some of those wolves of the sea off Cape Crozier I had been anxious to get photographs of them. The whales dived under the ice; so, hastily estimating where they would be likely to rise again, I ran toward the spot. I had got to within six feet of the edge of the ice, which was perhaps a yard thick, when to my consternation it heaved violently under my feet and split into fragments round me, and the eight whalesi, side by side and al­ most touching one another, burst from under the ice and “blew off steam.” The head of one was within two yards of me. I saw its nostrils open, and at such close quarters the release of its pent-up breath! was like a blast from an air compressor. The noise of the eight simultaneous “blows” was terrific, and I was* enveloped in the warm vapor of the which smelled strongly of fish, tunately, the shock sent instead of precipitating sea; but to my alarm I on a small Isolated floe. I remember that when the whales struck the ioe with their backs there was. a loud booming sound, and that as soon as they were clear of the ice they made a tremendous commotion and set the floe to rocking so furiously that I had all I could do to keep from falling into the water. Then they turned, intending “deliberately to at­ tack me. I heard wild shouts from the ship, which was within sixty yards: “Look out!” “Run!” “Jump, man, jump!” “Run quick!” But I could not run; I had all I could do to keep my feet as I leaped from piece to piece of the rocking ice. Be­ hind me, snorting and blowing among the blocks of ice, came the whales! I wondered whether I should be ab.e to reach safety before they reached me. and I remember thinking, If they did get me, how unpleasant the first bite would feel. I knew th t it would not matter much about the second. The broken floes had already start­ ed to drift away with the current, and as I reached the fragment nearest the firm ice I saw that the lead was too wide for me to leap. The whales were making a horrible noise among the broken ice behind me; I stood for a moment, hesitating. More frantic shouts of “Jump, man, jump!” reached me from my friends. Just then by good luck the floe on which I was standing turned slightly in the current and the distance to the firm ice lessened. I leaped across, and I was not a moment too scon, for as I looked back I saw a huge black- and-tawny head resting on the bit of ice from which I had jumped; the lit­ tle pig eyes were locking to see what had become of me. its jaws wide, and teeth that I had so The brute opened I saw' the terrible narrowly escaped. As men survey the untimely pass­ ing of such as Rupert Brooke, Joyce Kilmer, Alan Seeger, there is inevitab­ ly the poignant sense of frustration by death’s hand, of dreams yet un-1 fulfilled, of great promise not come to the full flower of realization. It ■ has sometimes assuaged a human1 grief, when the young whom the gods! love go from us “with the white rays of morn upon their shields of expec­ tation,” to reflect that these, at any rate, knew not the pain and bitterness that came to those who have outlived the flush of golden promise and beheld the dawn fade “into the light of com- j mon day.” They never lost their ideals, they never surrendered their illusions. The incommunicable raptures were not ended. They went on from' strength to strength, Still nursing the unconquerable hope,1 Still clutching the inviolable shade. ; The hour when they said like the old guide, on the Matterhorn, “I can­ not!” never came to them. They felt equal to anything; to the last they were daring, defiant, ready to address themselves to We are not age when we selves as we sati/sfied—if we are still learn—we never become aged. A more splendid thing to see than the radiant optimism of youth is the undaunted ongoing of those who laugh at the calendar because their wills are young, and—like Tennyson’s “Ulys­ ses”—their purpose holds. It will not do to spend what are so dismally named “declining” years by review­ ing, with a great regret, the bygone days. Why should they be years of declining? Why may they not be years of accepting? Not a mere acquiescence, not a placid resignation, with hands folded and feet altogether idle. But an acceptance of the re-] sponsibilities referred to our costly experience and our valuable discre­ tion. The elders may be spared those quick, physical errands that are bet­ ter committed to juniors sound of wind and fleet of limb. But they have their own place, their own use and their peculiar fitness. The light of a luminous example shines in sundown as at sunrise. The real readiness to die does not consist in waiting for the end, but in a joyful willingness to live, each day, for all, that there is in it. The beloved, ad­ mired “old” people that we know are not timorous of the open door. They! are not tired of life and they are not; afraid of death—since it admits “life that shall endless be.” Sending Oil by Cable. to Passing of the Princes Royal, Lion, Orion, Conqueror, Monarch and Erin. The doom of six of Britains-’ most famous warships has been passed, and in accordance with the Washington Armament Limitation agreement, the Admiralty has selected the vessels to be scrapped. They are tile battle cruisers Princess Royal and the Lion, and the battleships Orion, Conqueror, Monarch and Erin. There is a touch of pathos for the British sailors in the passing of these great ships which have made history. All have fine wrar records. The Lion was the first one to taste battle when Beatty made a dash at the Germans at the end of August, 1914. In the following January, the Lion was- in the fleet which inflicted heavy loss on Von Hipper’s fleet at Dog­ ger Bank. The Lion was disabled in this battle and Admiral Beatty trans­ ferred his flag from it to the Princess Royal. Battled Valiantly Off Jutland. The Lion again was conspicuous in the battle of Jutland, May 31 and June 1, 1916, when it was subjected to a heavy fire and nearly blown up when a shell struck one of its1 turrets. The Princess Royal also was. hit several times in the engagement and the Mon­ arch and Conqueror also did good work. The Erin was originally built for Turkey but battled valiantly at Jutland. Each of the battleships mounts thirteen five point guns' w'hich will be sold witih the vessels. The Indomitable, which was the first battle cruiser built for the royal navy, in 1908, already has been towed from Sheerness by Dutch tugs and will be broken up after a glorious career, in­ cluding participation in the Dogger Bank engagement and the sinking of the German battleship Blucher. The passing of each of these is at­ tended with the keenest regrets and the victims were only determined af­ ter long controversies in the admiral­ ty. But such is the romance that at­ taches to all the British men-of-war that it became impossible to act in strict comformity with the Washing­ ton treaty without touching some Bri­ tish hearts. Says anada is Best. Lord Shaw of Dumferline, who, af­ ter extensive travels in the United States and Canada, says:—“In the United States the middle west seems to have been given over to the genius of desolation; in Canada it seems to have been given over to the genius of fruitfulness.” What Music Does for the Community. Music has a great influence on community. When music is hushed a community, whether that community be a busy village, a thriving town, or a hustling city, the hum and whirr and . bustle of common activity lose tiheir . inspiration, then forces wander and j energies wane. Band music is- just as important to ■ the town as it is to the army. The ' regimental band is the united voice of the regiment, so is the band music of the town. It speaks the joy or sorrow of the regiment. It sounds tibe paens of praise for the heroes, and it pours out the fanfare of victory. It arouses the men to a sense of patriotism, and it inspires them to triumph; it im­ pels them as one man to dare and achieve, heroes., awakens tion is to lag behind. The music of a town draws the whole town to a com­ mon thought, to a common spirit. The whole town is brought into the fulness of its power by calling it into team­ work for commercial progress and business advancement. The music of a town, the brass band, is to the children—well, it is what they want, and they are better child­ ren if they have its delightful inspira­ tion in their community. It is an en­ couragement to them to be good, to be more contented and useful at home, and inspires them to greater deeds. The music of a town makes an inno­ cent and elevated form of entertain­ ment for its people. -------- ---------- This Butter-Fat Has No Water. There was exhibited at the recent National Dairy Show, in St. Paul, what was called “anhydrous” butter-fat. It came from California and contained no trace of water. It was shown that this product when melted was clear and limpid as olive oil, and that it would keep fresh much longer than ordinary butter. It was meant to be used with skim milk powder, the latter being a dry preparation already familiar commer­ cially. By combining the two it is practicable to make what is> in effect fresh “whole”milk. Or, if desired, cream can be made from the mixture and churned into butter. It is thought that such butter-fat may be used to by manuacturers of milk who need only to mix it powder and chocolate in proper pro­ portions in order to obtain a product of superior keeping quality. ----------------£>---------------- Stock Nova Scotia Waters. This season the fish hatchery lo­ cated at East Margaree, N.S., distri­ buted some 4,145,000 Atlantic salmon fry and retained for feeding 150,000. It also distributed 82,000 speckled trout, making a total of 4,377,000. This is the largest distribution ever made from Margaree hatchery and more than equals the sum of distribution i made there during the last two years. ; —_-----o-------------- Certain flowers show very strong likes and dislikes. Sweet peas fade quickly if put in a vase with other flowers; mignonette, lilies of the val-; ley, and certain poppies have the same weakness. 1 Coagulstion Point. An egg contains a large proportion of albumen, intended by nature for the nourishment of the growing chick. This albumen belongs to a class of substances which have the peculiarity of “coagulating” or turning solid when exposed to a certain degree of heat. The action is a permanent chemical change, and these substances will not again soften with a drop in tempera­ ture. For this reason the boiled egg hardens1. It is, too, for this reason that it impossible to cook an egg on the top a high mountain, for there, owing lesser atmospheric pressure, the water boils at a lower temperature, and this I temperature being under “coagulation I point,” the egg never “cooks. is of to Many of the great oilfields are situ­ ated near coasts where the water is shallow for several miles out to sea. This means that large tankers cannot come close to the shore to take their precious cargo on board. The old method, which was very costly, was to dredge a channel and build a special harbor; but nowadays, as the tanker cannot come to the oil, the oil is taken to the tanker. Enormous pipe lines, some of them .six miles in length and from 8 in. to 10 in. in diameter, are laid out from the shore. A buoy is attached to the far end, and when an oil ship arrives she hauls up the pipe and fixes it to ; her tanks. Then she signals to the ; shore that she is ready. Pumping be­ gins at once, and soon she is full. She then seals up the end of the pipe, throws it overboard, and steams away. An ingenious method has been de­ vised for allowing a tanker to transfer fuel to an oil-burning steamer whilst at sea. If an ordinary pipe were run out between the two it would soon break, owing to the pitching and roll­ ing of the vessels. Even if several tow' lines were used the process would be difficult. Now' pipe and cable are made into one. The tube is encased in many strands of steel wire. The big steam­ er takes the tanker in tov.', and oil is pumped through the pipe which runs through the middle of the cable. Music is the maker of The music of a community it to action when the inclina- water-free advantage chocolate, with milk F’or short distances, the salmon is the swiftest fish. i THE DRIVER’S PROGRESS & W&tt Mason When first a voter gets a car, how cautiously he drives! rules or by-laws will he mar, he’ll take no precious lives, drives his boat along the sands, along the busy ways, he holds the wheel with rigid hands., and grinds' his teeth and prays. "Ten miles an hour,” observes this man, “isi fast enough, I wot; and he who faster sends his van should presently be shot.” Old timers hear him and they shed their sad, denatured smiles.; when they w’ere fresh they also said, “The proper speed’s ten miles.” Be­ hold the voter and his Liz when two brief months are sped; now tw’enty miles, hi® limit is, hie lias not lost his head. He lec­ tures all the scorchers in tw'enty miles a vandal and on, as weeks w'ill sail, since time has many wiles, and now that voter is in jail for hitting sixty miles. “Life is too short,” he tells the judge, “to move like mule-drawn drays;” the jurist mutters, “Bunk!” and “Fudge!” and gives him sixty days. village sports on sanity in speed, and says that the courts should dig their chickenfeed. “Oh, is fast enough for any man,” he cries,, “and he’s a tough who like a comet flies,” The weeks' sail In His Own Shadow. The night was extremely dark, and the roads were rough. Two farm boys who had to go to the neighboring town decided to take a lantern with them and hang it on the dashboard of the buggy. They were not used to a lan­ tern at night, nor was old Bob, the horse, used 'to one; but the road was so rutty and the ditches at the. side w’ere so deep that they felt obliged to take it. They had no trouble on the way ex­ cept that old Bob stumbled every few­ minutes; once he went almost to his knees and broke the check-rein. “I wonder what i.s the matter with old Bob to-night” said the younger of the boys. “I never saw him stumble like that before. Father said he was the safest horse to drive at night that he had ever known. He must have a stiff shoulder.” ‘‘No, there is nothing wrong with old Bob,” answered the other. “He is traveling in his own shadow'; that’s what makes him stumble. He would be better without the lantern behind him, and I’d turn it out if I weren’t afraid of that washout by the creek.” In spite of old Bob’s stumbling the boys made the trip in safety, and the older of the two scon forgot about it. But for seme reason the younger re­ membered it all the rest of his life. The words of his brother had left a deep impression cn him. “He is tra­ veling in his own shadow; that’s w'hat makes him stumble.” Many times in after years he told the story of that ride and its lesson, so clear and pointed; that pride' and jealousy, hatred and selfishness, lazi­ ness and negligence and all the other human weaknesses are false shadow's that stand between our goals an^ the light. Nine times cut of ten things that we stumble over in the quest of true success and happiness are not without but within. Some meanness of our own is standing betw’een us and our goal and is making things appear in a false light. We are traveling in our owrn shadow: that is what makes us fail. True Enough. Johnson was tired of the noisy city where he worked, and when his holi­ day came round he plunged into the heart of the country and tried to for­ get newspapers and telegrams and clocks. It happened that he wanted to know the time, and meeting the country postman, he stopped him and asked him what time it was. “Four o’clock in the afternoon by the railway time, sir.” “By railway time!” ejaculated the young man. ‘‘I should have thought you country folk w'ould have taken your time from the sun.” “Wihiy?” asked the postman. “Bean't we much closer to the railway?” -----------o—-------- A mule cannot pull while he is kick­ ing, and he cannot kick while he iff pulling. Neither can yec.