The Wingham Times, 1888-05-25, Page 69i
NOTES. ON CURRENT TOPICS,
The Unite i Staten Senate has agreed to
the appropriation of. a quarter of a million of
dollars for a representation of the country
at the Perla International Exhibition of 1889.
It will now be in order to enquire whether
it would not also be in the interests of Can-
tads, to be represented there.
Even in England, which has always been
very liberal in matters of art, a demand me
oaafonally makes itself, heard for the en-
oouragement of native talent. A portion of
the mnsioal prose are attaoking the Brining -
ham. festival committee tor again giving a
commission to Dvorak when'
as they say, all
the musical young blood in the country is
Waiting for a chalice to blossom an e� ripen into com1osers of oratorios,
symphonies.
A. system of high license is much needed
in the State of New York if it is true as has
been stated, that there are 34,000 drinkiug
saloons within its bounds, ori bout twice
asc the
many in proportion too ops Staon
number reported in any
It appears that the Sultan of Morocco has
refused to submit to arbitration the question
in dispute between him and the United
States. The action on his part will give the
U. S. Government a pretext for testing the
value of their new acquisition, the new
dynamite cruiser Vesuvius.
through its refreshing: influence ",keep
agoin + when others break down by ti all,
wwork and lose the power to sleep
Then they call it nervous prostration,
A committee of the Methodist Episcopal
General Conference at New York has report-
ed adversely on the question of admitting
women as, lay delegates, The report will,
no doubt, be adopted, but with the rapid
advance of liberal opinions the admission of
women as lay delegates is only a question of
a few years.
A writer in the very interesting series of
publications issued by the American Econ-
omia Association estimates that a capital of
$289,900,000 stands in the books of the gas
companies of the United States; that the
and that this pririce of ce paysgas is lthe c5 apitaler oas
divi-
dend of ten per cent. But no less than
$150,000,000 of the capital is " water "
Says the London Times : "According to a
parliamentary paper just published, the
number of agrarian offences reported in Ire-
land during the first six months of the years
1882 and 1887 were 1,040 and 306 resp,c
tively, threatening letters and notices being
in each case excluded. These letters and
notices are included in a further return,
which shows that the whole number of agra-
rian offences in the first half of 1882 was
2,597 (15 murders), in the second half 836
(11 murders), in the first half of 1887 the
number was 484 (four murders), and in the
second half 399 (two murders)."
The trustees of Shakespeare's birthplace
at Stratford on -Avon report that about 16,-
500 persons paid for admission during the
'past year. The visitors were of various
countries and nationalities, showing that
the universal nature of Shakespeare's genius
is recognized and that the whole world dis-
putes for possession of him. The visitors'
fees amounted to £800 in the year, the
money being used to keep in repair the
relics of the . dead poet. Mr. Ignatius
Donnelly, the American now lecturing in
England on his theory that Bacon wrote
the plays "attrlb ''to - Shakespeare, will
not be any to lighted to know that among
the visa to Stratford -on -Avon during
the y were 5,000 citizens of the United
They are getting particular about their
beer in England. A bill is now before Par-
liament for better securing the putity of the
national beverage. Its object (says a Lon-
donpaper) is to enable the public to dis-
tinguish between beer when it is brewed
from hops and barley malt and when it is
composed of other ingredients. Everyone
who sells by wholesale or by retail beer con-
taining any other ingredients is direoted by
the bill to keep conspicuously posted at the
bar or other place of sale a notice stating
what those ingredients are. For nor com-
plying with this direction the penalty is a
fine not exceeding £5, and in the case of a
second or subsequent offence, £20. In every
case hall of this fine is to be paid to the in-
former.
The absence of any definite information
regarding the movements of Stanley in
Africa directs attention to the latest inteLi-
gence received from the great explorer. A
New. York paper says that the latest direct
message from Stanley was brought by steam-
er late in the autumn. Mr. Stanley, in let-
ters dated August 8, wrote that he intend-
ed marching to the mountains near Albert
e lake and sending an advance guard in a
steel whale boat to Wadelai, but as Emin
Bey's lettere of November were sent from
the lake, evidently Stanley had not carried
t this plan. Since that date, therefore,
e movements of the expedition are un-
it/keeled all theories on the subject are
nrmises more or less reasonable.
at on the Pacific coast the
preservation o kitten by stringent legislation
has become necessary. A Game Bill having
been introduoed into the British Columbia
Legislature recently, lit was stated during
the debate that the wholesale destruction of
deer in tbe northern parts of Vancouver
Island Was going on, including the slaughter-
ing of thousands of these animals for their
hide's alone, which( would soon lead to their
extermination.
Amongthe arrivals from sea at Plymouth,
Eng., on the 16th was the Shaw Saville and
Albion Compeny'e steamer Ionic, from Wel-
lfitgton (New Zealand), with 19,744 osmoses
of sheep, 9,737 lambs, 600 pieces of beef, 3,-
412 legs of mutton, fifteen eases of kidneys
Mid , sweetbreads. And at
same
mport on
the 18th the New Zealand
pany'S steamer Aorangi, from Wellington,
with 15,861 catenates of sheep, 4,315 carcas-
es of lamb, 541 pieces of beef, and 6,376 legs
of mutton. in
workingpeople There are 17,000,000thesen
the United States. Over 7,500,000 of
are engaged in agricultural operations.
About 4,000,000 are doing professional work.
eramanufactures
end m transportation, employ
he other five and a
and mechanic's employ
uments of the
Pro oetionis. Admit the nd it is still the melancholy
Protectionists, a
truth that the system of Protection is a
positive daily fnjuryto nearly, 12,000,000 of
the workers of the Republic. -1'x,
The n his Man Who would be fated
the noddle of the del
ate b hie bigot most people either ill
vroul bethought t p twithstand-
imdolent. It fon a fast,
a oe.tnap of three, live,ten or fifteen
length, after severahaunt of se•
idwwag Webb wig often get a matt on
toot again wond4tfully reouperated.
who Tuve learned the value
re
*Me to itfere themselves
hi tie ttttetree, and
When We Sleep.
The most noiseless, quiet sleeper rarely
lies in a perfectly relaxed state, body and
limbs at ease. With an egotism that seems
to be instinctive, most people endeavor to
took out for themselves in sleep,. They do
not trust tr.: the soft and willing support of
the bed ; they cling to it as if some audden
and malicious spring might toss them out
upon the floor. They hold their heads
down on the pillows as if the feathers might
rise up and bounce them off. Or, and this
le more common, they stiffen the muss
oles of the neck and hold their own heads
as if the pillow could not be trusted for
support,
They clutch the bedclothes, and cling
with tightened grip. They brace their feet
against the bed rail or, by dexterous twist-
ing, use themselves as a point d appui.
They draw up as for a leap, They
rouch
as for a spring. They tie themselves into
snots, clasp their knees in desperation,
clench their hands, and writhe, wriggle and
swim over the area of the bed. They set
their jaws, grit their teeth, bury their heads.
In brief, nerves and muscles are kept in
such a state of unreasonable tension . that
waking becomes relaxation to overcome the
fatieues of the night.
No one, perhaps, has a clear idea of abso-
lutely what antics one perforans in sleep, al-
though drearily consoious of the effect on
waking. But almost everyone has some
attitude essential to going to sleep. One
would think that these, one may call them
elective, positions would be of the easiest,
if not the most graceful, for every one has
not been trained as considerately as the
ohildren of a woman whom the writer once
knew, who were taught to go to sleep in
graceful positions, as the mother naively
remarked, "In case of fire." On the con-
trary, the attitudes necessary to sleep, after
long and minute inquiry among a large num-
ber et people, are tound to be uneasy, un
natural, ungainly, distorted, painful.
If any number of readers undertake to
diameter their own peculiar habits of sleep
they will doubtless be found uncomfortable.
It is safe to say that this state of intense
nervous and muscular tension is never re-
laxed during the night, even though the
position be changed. The only exception
is after excessive bodily fatigue. The body
then suspends all effort, and lies such a dead
heavy weight that it seems the bed must
ache to sustain it. Sleep at last performs
its gracious mission ; and morning brings
that repair and refreshment, that sense of
rest and energy td begin the day again
which makes life once more worth living.
Chronic sufferers from insomnia know well
the value of fatigue.
How much superfluous energy we expend
in the lerformanoe of the most trifling act.
Writing, for example, requires very little
muscular exertion, but the pen is pinched
until the fingers ache, and the muscles of the
back of the head are as tired as the fingers.
The seamstress sews with her back: as surely
as with her fingers. The school teacher?rubs
off the blackboard with one hand and mimics
the movement with the other. . Nine people
out of ten out with their mouths when hold-
ing the scissors. A woman with her hands
in her muff clasps them with a grip that
fatigues her and makes them ache. Even in
idle conversation people wiggle their fingers
and wag their feet as anaccom andivimeIIne t to
to
their tongues. A prominent
e
could not preach without jingling the keys
in his trousers pooket. Few people can sit
in an easy chair without clinging to the
arms. Observe the passengers in a street
car. They stiffen the muscles of the neck
and hold on to their head with grim earnest-
ness, as if a sudden iolt might lose them,
and in the confusion they would be difficult
to readjust. This care soon imprints itself
on our weary faces.
It is this habit of nervous exaggeration, so
tyrannical and merciless to the musclee, that
we take to bed with us, and that plays such
mischief with divine sleep. How to conquer
it 1 Plainly it is with the working hours
we must begin. In Boston, where the su-
preme ego gets a completer development
than within sound of the echo of the roar of
Broadway,. there has arisen the science of
devitalization that is directed to this very
end. Devitalization in its highest sense, to
speak in the language of its disciples, is the
spiritual side of physical culture. Its great
principal is embodied completely and brief-
ly in these words, " Mind active,• body pas-
sive." Its methods are based on the union
of the imagination with certain exercises of
the body. The immediate physical result
is the setting up of perfect independence
among the various movements of the differ-
ent members of the body—in detaching
them, so to speak, from one another.
The results of these exercises are, first. the
calling into activity all the muscles of the
body, many of which are comparatively un-
used ; second, rendering them perfectly in-
dependent of one another ; third, making
them immediately responsive to the call
hone the nerves ; and, lastly and chiefly,
rendering them indifferent to anything but
their own business. In this lies the great
saving to the vitality, and that is what we
arle e w,rhow does this tend to better and
more restful sleep ? In the feat place, by
caving trained the nerves and muscles to
keep still when they are not wanted. Sur-
render of yourself. Lay your burden down.
God will take care of you, the bedwill hold
you, say` the disoiples of devitalization. But
if the mind and body are not brought to this
perfect state of obedience, the various exer-
cises in devitalizing are gone through, be-
ginningwith the head. The different mem-
bers arunlimbered, detached. They are, in
fact, awfully funny.
Then get into bed, and, sitting upright,
conceive of the backbone as a strand of beads
held upright. Then let yourself down slowly
without tension, bead by bead, lentil the un-
limbered head falls Wok inert on the pillow.
Lie in that position, on the back, the arms
helplessly lying on the bed, at the bides, each
member divested of all responeibility, which
has boon assumed by the bed. If necessary.
do this several times, and lie on the back if
possible. If this is not possible, at least be
gin in this way and afterwards turn over on
to the side preferred.
Such is the Boston reeipe for wholesome,
restful slumber—it is worth trying.
SOIENTIEIC AND 1lt8EFUL.
Where Materialists Fall.
"Our dear and admirable Huxley
Cannot explain to me why dunks lay,
Or, rather, how into their eggs
Blunder potential wings and lege
With will to move them and decide.
Whether in air or lymph to glide.
11 ho gets a hair's-breadth on by showing
That Something Else get all. agoing ?
Farther and farther back we push
From Moses and his burning bush ;
Cry, ' Art thou there . Above below,
A11 nature mutters yea and no 1
'Tis the old answer: —we're agreed
Being from Being must proceed,
Life be Life's source. 1 might as woll
Obey the meeting -house's bell,
And listen while Old Hundred pours,
Forth through the summer -even doors.
From old and young, I hear it yet,
Swelled by base viol and olarionet,
While the grey minister, with face
Radiant, let loose hisuoble bass.
If Heaven it reached not, yet its roll
•
Waked all theeohoes of the soul,
And in it many a life found wings
To soar away from sordid things.
Church gone and singers too, the song
Sings to me voiceless all night long,
Till my soul beckons me atar,
Glowing and trembling like a star.
Will any scientific touch
With my worn strings achieve as
TEE SILIcwoRM s OCCIIPATION'GONE.
A Russian Railway Station.
The following description of a railway
station in the Ural Mountains is taken from
George Kennan's illuetrated ecbount of his
trip across the Russian frontier, in the May
Century, It will be read with surprise and
peculiar interest by many in Amerioa, the
railway country, "We weregreatly surprised
to find in this wild mining region of the Ural,
and on the very remotest frontier of European
Russia, a railroad BO well built, perfectly
equipped, and luxuriously appointed, as the
road over which wo were traveling from
Perm to Elraterineburg, The stations were
the very beet we had seen in Russia; the road.
bed was solid and well ballasted; the rolling.
stook would not have suffered in comparison
with that of the best lines in the empire; and
the whole railroad prcperty seemed to be in
the moat perfect possible order. Unusual
attention evidently had been paid to the
ornamentation of the grounds lying adjacent
to the stations and the track. Even the
verst•posts were set in neatly fitted mosaics
three or four feet in diameter of colored Ural
stones. The station of Nizhni Tagil, on the
Asiatic slope of the mountains, where we
stopped half an hour for dinner, would have
been in the highest degree creditable to the
beet railroad in the United States. The
substantial station building, which was a
hundred feet or more in length, with a cover-
ed platform twenty feet wide extending along
the whole front, was tastefully printed in
shades of brown and had a red sheet -iron
roof. It stood in the middle of a large, ar-
tistically planned park or garden, whose
smooth, velvety greensward was broken by
beds of blossoming flowers and shaded by
feathery foliage of graceful white -stemmed
birches; whose winding walks were bordered
by neatly trimmed hedges; and whose air
was filled with the perfume of wild roses and
the murmuring plash of falling water from
the slender jet of a sparkling fountain, The
dining -room of the station had a floor of
polished oak inlaid in geometrical patterns,
a high dada of dark carved wood, walls cov-
ered with
ov-eredwith oak -grain paper, and a stucco cor-
nice in relief. Down the center of the room
ran a long dining table, beautifully set with
tasteful china, snowy napkins, high glen
epergnes, and crystal candelabra, and orna-
mentedwith potted plants, little cedar -trees
in green tubs, bouquets of cutflowers, ar-
tistic pyramids of polished wine -bottles,
druggists' jars of coloredwater, and an
aquarium full of fish, plants, and rockwork.
The chairs around the table were of a dark
hard wood elaborately turned and carved;
at one end of the room was a costly clock as
large as an American jeweler's "regulator,"
and at the other end stood a huge bronzed
oven by which the apartment was warmed
in winter. The waiters were all in evening
dress, wi' h low -out waistcoats, spotless shirt-
fronts, and white ties ; and the cooks, who
fitted the waiter's orders as in an English
grill -room, were dressed from head to foot
in white linen and wore square white Daps.
It is not an exaggeration to say that this
was one of the neatest, most tastefully
furnished, and most attractive public dining
rooms that I ever entered in any part of the
world; and as I sat there eating a well, cook-
ed and well -served dinner of four courses,
I found it utterly impossible to realize that
I was in the unheard-of mining settlement
of Nizhni Tagil, on the Asiatic side of the
mountains of the Ural. This, however, was
our last glimpse of civilized luxury for many
e
dilong,
n t weary a seeailwsayand after that station for almostaa
year."
much?"
WIT AND WISDOM,
The man who drinks much should eat
heartily, says a medical authority. This is
all very well, but the man who drinks
much can't ger anything to eat.
Countryman (looking at shirts)—Will
these geode shrink, mister t Clerk—They
may a little at first, sir, but I guess they
won't after they get used to you.
A Philadelphia deacon is in disgrace, At
his church feetival the other day he yelled
Eureka l"on discovering an oyster in his
stew, and now he is to be expelled,
A Chicago burglar overlooked $80 in a
bureau drawer, and the papers so announced,
He returned the next night and not only
secured it, but a suit of clothes besides.
What the world is stilt looking for is a
fireproof theatre, and a public school room
which will remain thoroughly ventilated, no
matter how many hours a day it is used.
Among the combinations and rings there
is not one that can compare, as far as the
welfare of the race is concerned, with the
matrimonial combination and the wedding
ring.
Mo. John Sherwood, the New York so-
ciety leader, who is a mistress of deportment
repudiates the etiquette whioh demands that
a lady should bow to a gentleman before he
can presume to bow.
Evolution : The cottonseed becomes cot-
ton, the cotton becomes thread, the thread
becomes a fabric, the fabric becomes a print,
the print becomes a wrapper and a wrapper
becomes a beautiful woman -
Miss Pounder (who has been having a
wrestling match with the keyboard of the
piano) : Have you a sensitive musical ear,
more candid
than polite) Yes, I aim sorry y to say I have.
p ):
A conductor poked his head in the door of
a car and called out the station, " Sawyer,
whereupo:i a young man on hie wedding tour,
who was about to kiss his bride, yelled
back :—" I don't care if you did, sir ; she's
my wife."
" Why did you strike the plaintiff?" was
asked of a prisoner in the police court the
other day. " Because he said I was no gen-
tleman. " Well, are you a gentleman 7"
' I don't suppose I am, sir ; but it made me
mad to be told of it, all the same."
Artificial eilk is the latest discovery, and
judging from the details of it that are to
hand, it seems likely that the silkworm's
occupation will soon be gone, and that he
may retire to his cocoon and lament hi, lost
importance in silence. The new material is
made, we are told, from a kind of collodion,
to whioh has been added perchloride of iron
and tannic acid. The process of manufac-
ture is somewhat complicated, but the re-
sult seems to be all that can be desired in
the way of providing a substance practic-
ally equal to good silk.
Electric rifles are the latest. Instead of
the ordinary percussion firing device a dry
chloride of silver battery and a primary coil
l, so it was
1 yt thef
Amer-
ica Institute, firerifle 35,000 times
without re -charging..
An electro -magnet with a carrying capa-
city of 800 pounds is attached to a crane in
the Cleveland Steel Works, whioh readily
picks up billets and other masses of iron
without the aid of any other device. A boy
is thus enabled to do the work of a dozen
men.
Four parts by weight of rosin, two of
beeswax, and one of tallow or lard, melted
together over a slow fire, stirred to mix
thoroughly, poured into cold water and
worked like molasses candy, will make a
first-rate quality of grafting wax. In work-•
ingit the hands should be greased, so that he
wax may not adhere to them. In grafting,
a on a cold damoderately
the wwax warm will not work well.ust be as
When the first electric telegraph was es-
tablished the speed of transmission was from
four to five words a minute with the five -
needle instrument. In 1849 the average
rate for newspaper es was
words a minute. The prevseventeen
sent pace of the
electric telegraph between London and Dub-
lin, where the Wheatstone instrument is
employed, reaches 462 words; and thus
ears
go hasamregarded
lt p d d a hundred fold in half a
century.
" In spite of what our Elizabethan fore-
fathers said and did to the contrary," says
The Hospital, " and notwithstanding the
opinions of some eminent physicians of re-
cent times, evening is tbe rational time to
dine. There should only bo two really sub-
stantial meals a day, and those should only
be breakfast and dinner. A solid and high-
ly nutritious meal ought to begin the day's
meal shoulan duendtsolid
and What isltakennutritious
the
course of the working hours may be such as
merely to satisfy the appetite, and to main-
tain in a the
as endnguandisteadyon of movement
descendingcourse ofthe
nerve energy.
based upon
It appears
" Ke careful how you eat oatmeal." said a
doctor recently. "Oatmeal is avery healthy
food if taken properly. No food is healthy
if improperly used. " How should it be
eaten?" " If oatmeal is eaten in excess of
the needs of the body for proper nutrition it
overloads and taxes the system. It must
not be eaten partially cooked. Flour, corn-
meal, rice and other approved articles of
wholesome diet are not healthy if half cook-
ed. If an excess of sugar or other sweets is
used it will disagree with many people,
causing indigestion. If eaten with an excess
of cream it will not be healthy for some per-
sons whose stomachs are too delicate to
stand a rioh food. Oatmeal is a healthy
food when not used for over -feeding, when
sd$iciently cooked and when not used with
an excess of cream or sweets. Oatmeal
eatenshould be
flp
little milk ocream, a little sweets, bt teranda sea-
soned with salt as the Scotch do."
In Harpers, Mr. Charles Dudley Warner
has this to say about the danger of being a
man or a woman : Heredity is a puzzle. It
seems to be easier in this world to inherit
bad qualities and traits than good, but both
s and jumps, and are sorts t
s make such leaps
so inclined to go off on collateral lines, that
the succession is difficult to calculate. The
race is linked together in a curious tangle,
to that it is almost impossible to fix the
responsibility. Defects or vices or virtues
will not always go in a etraight line. The
children of deaf-mutes, for example, are not
apt to be deat-mutes, but the cousins of those
children may be deaf-mutes, showing, it is
said, that some remote ancestor of,bn' Fi
d
some mental or physical defeat, " , has
s
been transmitted to his postern tough
not in the form in whioh he (1s.ae afilteted.
Int st oases we eannt do anything about
it; older our civilization becomes, the
more complicated aiid intricate are our rela-
tions, so that it has already become a danger -
curs business to be a human being at all. It
is not always certain that if a man eats sour
grapes his children s teeth will be set en
edge, but the effect cf the sour -grape diet
may skip a generation or two, or appear in
a collateral line. We try to study this
problem in our asylums and prisons, and WO
get a great many interesting (ants, but
they
istoreievperson legislation.
eponsfbility for the sins of hid bneestorfos
without relieving him 01 responsibility
his own eine.
Teacher=The object of this lesson is to
inculcat
"obeytmeane s?ence. Do Apt pupil—Yes; ma'amu know a1
obey my father. Teacher—Yee ob; that's
s
right. Now tell me why youy y
father. Apt pupil—'Cause he's bigger'n mel
A woman in Boston had to haveher tongue
slit the other doyen account of a cancer. It
was at first feared that she would lone the
power of speech, but she has since fully re-
covered and can now talk on different sub-
jects in two languages at the same time.
She is unable to sleep, however, as both of
her tongues are striving to get in the last
word.
A New Orleans photographer has succeed-
ed in ph:,tographing a flash of lightning, and
they say the photograph is splendid] just as
natural as life. No doubt of it. Because,
you see, the photographer couldn't back the
streak of lightning up into an iron tripod.
with an adjustable oross-bar, and twist and
distort the unhappy thunderbolt into a shape
most monstrously painful and unnatural, and
then bid it " Look pleasant, please." We
should think, with all the natural advantages
in its favor, a streak of steel -blue lightning
would have no difficulty in securing a per-
fect likeness at the first sitting. Butwith a
man, an intelligent man; with a far-seeing
comprehensive brain and an immortal soul,
it is very different. He is at the mercy of
the " artist," who knows no mercy.
The Blue Forget -me -Not.
ADDRESSED TO A FRIEND.
There is a flower which oft unheeded grows,
And blooms unnoticed in some shady spot ;
Modestly it hides, nor gaudy petal shows,
But whispers coyly to the breeze Forget
me not."
The bride should wear it when she leaves
her home,
The dead should have it on their coffin
laid ;
Our friends most prize it when afar they
roam,
And find its tiny blossoms in the glade ;
They love its pale blue blossoms, for they
call to mind
Some Woodbine -wreathed or Ivy -mantled
cot
Where those, most loved and prized, are left
behind,
For in the floweret's eye they read, "For-
get me not."
We wreathe the conquering hero's brow with
Bay.
And twine the Myrtle for the bride's fair
head,
With Laurel drown the minstrel for his ay,
And plant the Cypress o'er the noble dead ;
The Rose is emblem sweet of constancy and
love,
While giant strength is by the Cedar
shown ;
The Lily tells of Hope and Peace above,
And by the sombre Yew is sorrow known ;
Yet when To wander round no
aore our form is seen
loved and hallowed
spot,
May to dear friends our memory still be
green,
Whene'er they see the Blue Forget-me-not.
Upon the grave, then, let the dainty flower
bloom,
'Twill help to soothe the pang of mortal lot,
Relieve the sadness of the darksome tomb,
And breathe the last fond wish—" Forget
me not."
Mow Rain is Produced.
Did it ever occur to the reader that there
is j o st ate muoh water in the air above him on
a clear, bright day as on a cloudy or rainy
one ? Rain does not come from somewhere
else, or if it is wafted over you by the wind
from somewhere, the water that is over you
is simply wafted on to some other place.
What is said above explains this. Water
is absorbed in the air above us, at a certain
temperature, and it becomes insensible,
Cool that air by a cooler atmosphere, of by
an electrical or chemical influence, and the
moment the air becomes cooler ib gives up
some of the watery particles that were in-
sensible or invisible at the higher tempera-
ture. These small particles thus given out
unite, and, when enough of them coalesce,
obstruct the light and show the clouds.
When enough of them unite to be too heavy
to float in the air, they begin to descend ;
pair after pair of them come together until
a raindrop is formed. One of the minute
raindrops is made up of millions of infinitely
small watery particles. Air paining over
the cold tops of mountains is cooled down
so that it gives up a good deal of the con-
cealed watery vapor, and hence little, ran
falls in the region along the lee side of such
mountains. This is why little rain falls in
Colorado and in other places north and south
of the State. The prevailing winds blow to
the west, and the cool tops of the Rocky
Mountains lower their temperature and thus
take out the moisture that would otherwise
fall in rain.
Lee
A young man was discussing with more
spirit than was oomely what he was pleased
to call " brain food." He urged that no
artiole of food furnished more brain matter
than baked beans, Just then an old roan
looked up and said t—" Young man,eat all
the laked beans you oat get,'
A veterinary surgeon states that a horse
is a good deal like a man, and suffers from
decayed teeth, exposed nerves and toothache
just the same.
The fact has been noted that seamen as a
rule are peculiarly subject to color -blindness.
Iu tests made in the mercantile marine stan-
dard green was pronounced red in 107 oases
out of 189
A new helmet for firemen has been in-
vented in Dreman. It consists principally
of a or ppm. mask, which is very light. The
wearer inose, tnouth and eyes receive through
an india rubber tube a constant stream of
pure air, which leaves the helmet by an
opening apposite the eyes and prevents the
entrance of smoke. The helmet has been
praotically tested and is to be used by the
Berlin firemen, it is said.
Mow Paper Car Wheels are Made.
Richards N. Allen, the inventor of the
paper oar wheel, is in town just now. He
is here to meet George g
r e P
ullm
an.
When
Allen made his first set of paper car wheels
in 1860 he was laughed at, and it was with
difficulty that he got the use of a wood car
for six months to test his invention. The
Pullman Palace Car company gave him his
first order for 100 wheels in 1871, and a few
years later the Allen Paper Car Wheel com-
pany made 17,000 such wheels in one year.
One of the first sets of wheels experimented -
with under a sleeper, is now on exhibition in
Hudson, N. Y. It has a record of 300,000
miles travel.
All the body of the wheel is of paper.
The material is ealendered rye straw
" board," or thick paper, made at Morris,
Ill. This is sent to the works in circular
sheets of twenty-two to forty inches in
diameter. Two men standing by piles of
these rapidly brush over each sheet an even
coat of flour paste, until there are a dozen of
them, which make a layer. Tho layers are
subjeeted to a hydraulic press, with a pros -
Mire of 500 tons. After various other than•
pulations several of these twelve•sheet lay-
iers are pasted together, until there are thrill-
ed circular blocks containing 120 to 160
sheets each, compressed to five and a hall or
four and a half inches thickness, just the
size to fit the inner circle of the tire.--
[Ohioago Journal.
The attention of the French Academy of
Science has been drawn by M. Faye, the
eminent astronomer, to the apparent geologi•.
cal law that the cooling of the terrestrial
crust go ` -'n more rapidly under the sea
than w' 'lend trainee. Prom this he
argue, 4Nertust must thicken under
over 'Vitt rate ; so as to give
,- and distorting of the
he crumb; in other
ountain chains.