The Advocate, 1887-06-23, Page 2c
BIUTIS GUIANA.
The 0010theland Indian Ts,hthition—West
Indian Gallery.
(13y Thomas o. Watkins.)
The colony of British Guiana lies between
Venezuela, Brazil, Dutch Guiana and the
.Atlantio Ocean, on the northeast coast of
South America. It was first settled by
the Dutch in 1580, but ha ss belongedto
Great Britain since 1803. Its area is com-
puted at 76,000 square miles, but the boun-
daries between it and Venezuela andBrazil
are not determined. For some miles from
the sea, which is of a dirty yellow color,
the land is low and flat, being a rich
. alluvial deposit,in which coffee and cotton
i
once grew, and n later years the sugarcane
flourishes luxuriantly. Its rivers are
wide and have their sourcesfar away in the
interior. Large ships ascendthese streams
for hundreds of miles, but far up in the
interior the rivers are crossed by rook for-
mations, over which they plunge and fall;
and it is only the Indians light dug -out or
(Jerrie,' that can pass these formidable
obstructions. The elimate, although warm,
is not oppressive. Thethermometerranges
from 75 0 to 90 0' but there are refreshing
sett breezes whichtemper the heat. The
colony is not so very unhealthy as is usually
supposed, for with care and ordinary pre-
caution good health can be main -
*mined. The population is mixed, It
numbers about 264,000, composed of
Europeans Aboriginal Inaians, West
Indians, Africans, Portuguese, Chinese
and East Indians, the latter being
about 92,000 in 1885. The flora is rich, but
only partially explored by botanists yet. Ib
is distiugushed for its enormously large
and lofty trees, its beautiful palms and the
abundance of charming flowering creepers,
which cling to the tallest branches. The
large forests abound in trees,_whosetimbers
are exceedingly valuable, and in immense
variety. The fauna is most interesting,
and some of the animals' flesh is considered
by epicures to be really delicious. The
labba—of whioh it is remarked, "that he
who eats its flesh and drinks creek water
will.surely return to Guiana "—the agouti
and waterhoas aree the mostprominent
animals in the colony; but monkeys and
bears, jaguars, pumas, deer, opossums and
manatees are plentiful. The feathered
tribes are abundant and most beautiful.
Numerous varieties of fish
ninAarx THE SEA AND mynns.
Alligators, snakes and turtles are quite
plentiful, and the ants, moiquitoes, bats
and beetles prevent life from becoming too
enjoyable in that fair land. Sugar is the
principal product, and the colony depends
in a large degree on this for their success,
nay, for their very existence. There are
very few other crops grown. Cotton has
almost ceased to be cultivated, owing to the
scarcity of labor. For the same reason
coffee is not given the attention that it
merits, as it requires a reliable supply of
labor for successful cultivation and. reap-
ing. The Liberian coffee would succeed
well if pro, 'ttention could be given to
its cultn Caos:res_ulture is only in its
infancy, -(o that at pailent the cane is their
sole dep.' deuce for p .4perity. In 1885
the crop, hich was co t ed a short one,
yielded 532 hogshea of sugar; in
1884 it wa• 39,296 hogshea There was
a large vari . of sugars sho • n the exhi
tion, also of ' .lasses and ru , that
present and .. :t productive a • t of s
sorrow, of bro -hearted wiv of
bond children criminals, 1 atie
murderers that t rch.fiend o hell
launched upon our th. The opriet
of the sugar planta spare n. rouble
expense in cultivati: nd ninery to
enable them to raainto; for cast rank
in the British markets. s' y t • struggle
has been rendered more u • s by the
free admission of the Eur.. bounty.
supported sugars into the Brit': arkets.
The ethnological collection in t t is
raost interesting. There are s im • f
Indian war clubs, bows and arr
and many Indian curiosities.
four wax figures of the Gui
which attracted particular at
• party of six Indians in their
making baskets, weaving ha
as in their own land, was gr
and wondered at by Europ
never goon the, red men
Gold mining must at
prove a sue,c burn
as the speci s shown,
probable adve of a gold f
many years. • here we
number of sp ens of
suitable for shi uilding•
cabinet work, a ultur
almost anythin t
for. The fibres
almost unknown
Cotton, which was o
ceased to be cultivated,
well suited for its suoclm
Many of the fibre e exi
the place of herap and bast,
requires a demand to bring forty
supply at low prices. The celiac
,fibres was enormously large, and the ha
mocks, etc., exhibited are strong evidences
of the good quality of the fibres. The
minerals aro not numerous, nor of much
conamerdial value, except gold, which exists
in considerable quantities. At present,
owing to the boundaries of the Coldny not
being definitely fixed, capitalists are
unwilling to embark in mining operations ,
but with settled boundaries, and protection
to the enterprise, gold mining would soon
become one of the most profitable indus-
tries of the colony. Iron exists in abund-
ance, but no person bas yet attempted to
work the mines. British Galena is rah in
game, oils and barks; fine specimens of
gum animi, and of ballets were shown, the
laet in the milk and in rolls and sheets,
etc. This gum is in some respects superior
to India "libber and gutta percha. The
" Gillbacken glue," Which is Made into isin-
glass, with epecimen of the fish it is ob.
tained from, were shown. Tema or Ton -
(Juin beans, which grow wild in. the colony
in 'largo quantities, Wore exhibited, and alba
several kieds of oil. The barks were very
numerthe, and many of them, no doubt,
richly laden Willi valuable chemitale and
median:a properties, Which Will greatly
bthefit the worla yet, 11.1o,ny of thein aro
tisefel for +raining purposes, and otherS aro
nttritrzuo WY hare ineiaes AS nteraciari
in eases of illnesd or acoldelat. The food
peOdilets eomprise the meal and starch elf
er-
, of
ga-
nd
s, can
ere were
a Indiana
ntion. ,•A
Wanas busy
•ocks, eto.,
ly enjoyed
s who had
of America.
early day
s to many,
naicated the
er there before
an enormous
imber exhibits,
house building,
implements and
m'ber can be used
British Guiana are
e British markets.
rown largely, has
ough the soil is
1 production.
may take
it only
large
the Caaada, which is the daily food of the
Indians. Cossareep, whith is usea largely
on amount of its antiseptic properties, Is
also shown ; dried plantains and bananas,
the former of which is considered to be one
of the most nutritious aiticles of feria
known, were well represented, as were also
the cocoa and coffee of superior quality,
showing that the soil of the colony is well
suited for the growth of the chocolate and
the coffee trees. Coffee was formerly
grown plentifully, and. formed one of its
chief articles of export in former years,
and realized large prices in the British
markets. The collections illustrativd
of the natural history of Bri-
tish Guiana are most interesting, the
Indian ouriosities relating to their social
life and to war are of the deepest interest
to the archaeologist end to the moralist.
Amongst the maps, paintings and drawings
in this court was a map of the colony pub-
lished by the Government. A map of
parts of British Guiana and Venezuela,
Allowing grants niade to the SIanoa Com-
pany by the Government of Venezuela
whith territory is claimed by the Guiana
Government. A Proclamation andArtioles
of Capitulation in 1803. A fao simile of
Schorabergks' mapof the colony. Water
color views of the interior of the country.
Photographs illustrating the scenery and
inhabitants of the colony. Water color
sketch of Rorarnia, and several oil and
water color paintings of different objects.
Sugar was shown in white crystals, yellow
crystals,refining crystals ; muscovado sugar.
White rum and colored rum, rum shrub,
bitters, molasses, vinegar, syrups, models
of a sugar manufactory, the facade of a
plantation, showing the dwelling -house,
sugar works, hospital and cottages for the
laborers. Model of a system of tidal drain-
age of enlimerged districts. Photographs
illustrating cane cultivation and sugar
manufacture. The woods are really meg-
nificeiat; it would take a volurae to describe
them. There were 127 different kinds of
wood shown in planks, boards, logs, im-
mense blocks about three feet high and
forty inches across of beautiful timber for
oabinet-makers' use, fit for any kind of
furniture. The Karelia, or red cedar, is a
very handsonae and useful timber, averag-
ing 100 feet in height and 38 to 40 inches in
diameter. The iliawar Belli is a beautiful
timber, in great request for cabinet
work, and is easily worked. The
Waeiba, or bow tree, is exceed-
ingly tough, hard and close -grained. The
Indians make their bows of it; its average
height is about 120 feet and will square
thirty inches. The wauri tree grows to a
height of 120 feet. It is with it the Indians
make their large canoes. The kokatarra
tree grows about eighty feet high, it will
square twenty-four inches, it is a close
grained tough wood used for the stocks of
planes. The koorikye tree grows a hundred
feet high, two feet across, and is used
mostly for roofing, flooring, partitions,
and for spars and masts of ships. The
fibres shown oonsieted of cotton, raw and
cleaned;
Dana COTTON WITH A SPINNING WHEEL,
showing the process; silk cotton used for
filling pillows; silk grass, from a species of
agave; plantains, from a species of muse;
sweet briar, or skase (Demerara jute), a
shrub, with rope made of the same,
also the wood of the shrub; wild
ochre, with rope made of the same ;
wild cotton and rope, monkey apple
and rope made of it; sour sop with rope
it; tibiserie, from the young
fronds ta palm, with specimens of
cord, hamm opes and the palm frouds;
a collection of • es, etc., illustrating the
manufacture of or cocoanut fibre.
Altogether there we rty-three kinds of
fibres on exhibition the court of the
olony, many of which re very useful
most interesting. • s, oils, barks,
e ere well represented ere being 127
spe •s on exhibition; ongst which
were f gum, or gum Wine, found
around the • ,bf the si. ri or locust
tree; hyawa g .obtainby making
incisions in the hya ence tree;
crab oil, made from the see : .f the earapa
•uyanensis, used in the colony by the
• s for dressing t hair; cocoanut
f manufacturing it
• ,
at Fortitu e Works ; isinglass, or
fish glue, made of the gilbaoker
fish, which sae also exhibited ;
simarioba bark, greenheart bark, used for a
tonic and febrifuge; mora, criabwood, soft
wallaba and other bark used to cure bilious
cornplaints ; arisa bark, used to cure ring-
worm and itch; iturite bark, used to cure
toothache, and numerous other harks for
the cure of alnaost every disease to which
flesh is heir, and for tanning purposes. In
food products seventy-eight specimens were
shown, amongst which were cassava bread,
which is the "staff of life" of the South
American Indians, chocolate, coffee, sweet
cassava, bitter cassava, dried plantain
flour, caesava, starch and meal, bananas,
oranges, • ammee apples,otatoes rice
dried so
and preser
colony wa
teresting di
factures and
habits, marine
•ents and
razil nuts, cayenne, pickles
The ethnology of the
esented by an in -
a Indian menu.
illions of their
, mode living, amuse -
ural disp ns. Their
4
nituro were 8 s • great
variety, a few of the exhibits in .e
were models of an Indian. igwam, sev 1
models of their househol utensils, fifty
Indian hammocks, cotton mmocks used
by the squaws to carry eir infante,
harnmecks on frames to sho the mode of
Weaving them, cotton yarn d eibiserie
nbre for making hammocks, ea ed Wooden
stools used by the Indians; ' tery, jars,
bottled, earthen pots for cooki , gourds,
cassava graters, fire stick f or twi 'ng round
with such velocity as to genera fire, fish-
ing mete, torches znado of fib and im-
pregnated with hyawd, gum so to burn
most brilliantly. Canoes an
dross ornaments, blow pipes, bo 4, arrows
and quivers, war clubs, LAI
trumpets made of pottery, ra
flutes, chancing sticks, shie
quarrie whips, Indian baskets
paddles,
drums,
lee, bone
d; wen -
',With and
without legs, and many alio article.
The zoOlOgy of the polony was iheesentea
by collections ef skins AAA akull of verieue
animals, both biped and quadruped.
fleets, binds' egge, .snakes of verioud kinds
preserved in ispitite; stuffed fish ekine;
butterflies, weeps.' netts, a greet Variety Of
moths, beetlee, tiger frogs, ehelle,
ate. Of fruits aha Vegetablee there Were
genie beautiful poi& *did Meade 6f'
frilitof Attetido , pears, bilimeth, :Algae
tipples`, eireegori, fatpork,,toeoesatte Menet
petatbeni Monkey applee, toee ripples,
tatneninde!PlimPkins, mOOknY pods, monkey
ones, fungi, smonkeys' ladder, flowers eeil
frints in WAX, corn brooms, straw hate,
Creole basket work, a negro thenty,
Guiana cottage and steno, red. horse .en'ePt
black horse eyes, crab's, eyes, swizzle stioke
for beating tip cocktails, pwiezlee and other
drinks, etc,
The Weat Indian Gallery.
In erder to fully illustrate the histeey pf
the colonies whose discovery by Columbus
in 149e lea to such amazing results, by sub-
sequently throwMg ("Pon to civilization the
vast continent of America, the POMMiS-
sioner for the West Indies has gathered
together as many objects of interest bearing
on the subject as possible; therefore those
numerable of Britain who reigned at the
time of this great discovery, and shortly
subsequent to it, were represented by their
portraits by the celebrated masters of their
day, which were placed in the picture gal-
lery of the West Irdies round the upper
portion of the walls above the other pic-
tures. Henry Vill., by Holbein, stands
conspicuous. It was in the younger years
of this king's reign that America was dis-
covered. He watched with great interest
the heroic achievements of the great Span-
ish discoverers, and even used his best
endeavors to inspire his own people with
heroic efforts to emulate them, Queen
Elizabeth, by Frederico Zucchero, is next.
It WAS during her reign that Britons first
seriously engaged in making discoveries and,
inspired by jealousy and hatred of Spain
and anxious to curtail the growing power
of that nation, severalexpeditions were
sent out to attack the newly -built towns of
the Spanish colonists along the coast of
South America. Elizabeth, discarding the
pretensions of Spain, sent forth stash ea
lions as Drake, Raleigh, Hawkins, Clifford
and many other heroes which that age pro-
duced, who attaoked the Spanish fleets,
conquered them and made prizes of their
treasure ships; sacked and. burned their
towns around their coast line, took
possession of nearly .all the West Indies
and drove the Spaniards therefrom, thus
making the name of Britons a terror to
every nation, of Europe and particularly to
Spain. This Queen also sent Sir Humphrey
Gilbert as the first Governor to the
Bahamas. James I., by Van Berner,
wes the third royal portrait hung
in the gallery. It was during his
reign that the earliest British settlement
was founded in Barbanoes, the capital of
which was named Jamestown in honor of
him, but after the fall of the House of
Stuart it was changed to Georgetown. The
portraits of the headstrong and unfortunate
Charles I. and his 'Queen Henrietta, by
klyteus, were next in order. This monarch
sent out several of the earliest Governors
to many of the West India Iolanda, which
thus obtained a regular form of Govern-
ment and useful charters for the better
regulation of commerce and the suppres-
sion of crime. Re was likewise instru-
mental in sending out the first mission-
aries of the Church of England to those
Islands. Charles II. was next on the list,
by Sir Peter Lely. He took a practical
interest in these colonies, and granted
several of them, notably the Bahamas, to a
syndicate formed by George Duke of
Albermarle, Lord Craven, Sir George
Cataret, John Lord Berkeley and
Sir Peter Colleton. He also granted
charters for the formation of settlements.
It was during his reign that the first regular
government was established in Jamaica.
The next portrait in the gallery was that of
James II., by Walker. He continued his
brother's policy, and paid great attention
to the West Indian cOlonies. William and
Mary, by William Wining, came next in
order. They granted many privileges to
the West Indies,•and sent out several mis-
sionaries to preach to the people there,
and to slave ownerete rule theirpoor slaves
with greater kindness. The West Indian
Company was established in this reign.
George I. was next, by Godfrey Kneller.
During this reign Anguilla and the Virgin
Wanda were settled and several important
Acts were passed for the
REGULATION OF THE SLAVE TRADE.
George 111., by Gainsburg, was next. Dur-
ing the long reign of this King the West
Indies attained a great and unprecedented
prosperity. The slave trade was terminated
in 1808. During the reigns of George IV.
and William IV. the enaanoipation of the
slaws was accomplished. Amongst the
collections of engravings the portraits of
Henry VII. and Ins Queen occupied a con-
spicuous place. It was during their reign
that the West Indies were discovered. The
; portrait �f Nelsen is there in honor of
his successful expedition to Jamaica
against San Juandi Nicaragua in 1776.
' The portrait of the Earl of Balearrae and
bis sword were hung in the &mask°, EleC-
tion of that 'magnificent picture gallery, he
having been Governor of that island from
1795 to 1708. Under his rule the great
",maroon' rebellion was quelled. The por-
trait of Sir Christopher Hatton, Lord Chan-
cellor of England towards the close of Queen
Elizabeth's reign, occupied a prominent
position, he having been instrumental in
despatching some of thOSO expeditions
which wreaked such terrible vengeance on
the war and mercantile marine of Spain
and on the Spanish towns of the West In-
dies, and on their South American towns.
A fine old portrait of Columbus, by Sit
Antonio Moro, is very remarkable and full
of deep interest to all. When we think of
the great discoverer, aha of the still greater
discoveries be made; -of the vast, the incel-
°nimble importance to man, and the un-
speakably grand consequenees to future
generations, to the world, we Were led to
'view his portrait With an intersee intoreet
far surpassing that felt in beholding men-
arche, or those of the greatest ecitiquertoes.
The names of Alexander, Coseitr, Charle-
magne, Napoleon and Wellington all sink
into the most tater insignificance in com-
parison with his who gave us a new
world. Diego Columbus, in hie life of
Columbus, says "Tho Admiral was a Mae
Well formed and abdtit the middle height;
his heed WAS largof hid cheekbones rather
high, hits cheeks neither fat Mr loan, ague -
lino nose, his oyes smell, light blue oe grey;
with the white parte rather inflamed."
Mr. Prescottbays Ho had a majestic
presence, with much dignity and at the
same tame affability Of manner." Thie
nottrait has both frequently ongeaved, and
is inserted ad the frontispiece to the second
editith of the "Life of 'COlumnes," by
Washington Tiering, by the spoolal request
of that !ening author. Time and epee°
I Weald fail to fully cleecribe &lithe portraits,
landscapes, ate, Which adorned the fout
great panels mid ileteens of thie inegnifl.
cent picture gallery., which was the great
scene of ettraction ni the Jamaica Ceert of
the Wes t Indian Exhibition. There were
also statues and busts of renoweedmen and
women, and ancient maps of the chestiest
interest to prehieelogists. Amongst the
forme; as a• etatue of COIUMblIS, 811/.
eothaea by allegerical ,figuiree, representing
savage and civilizedlife, and geography and
navigation, by Signer arkidons, og WW1; a
oollectien of antotypes and photographs of
letters of Columbus, the originals of which
are in the Municipal Palace of Genon and
in the Spanish museums; and extremely
curious collection of ancient maps and en.
gravings representing
ethemieg; or. othenthe
and his companions, and events and scenes
in West Indian history; a collection of old.
and ram engravings representing the eon,
temporaries of Columbus. The Diego
Robero map, loaned by the S. congre-
gation of Propaganda Fide, Rome, by per-
mission of His Holiness Popes Leo XIII,
which is of very groat •arcliveolo-
gical value, Down the centre passes
a line dividing the newly found half
of the world between ,Spain and Portugal.
Thie map is reported to be the first that,
of the round world ever drawn. This
division between Spain and Portugal was
first made by the famous divisional line
drawn by Pope Alexander VI. in 1494.
Although the map is full of absurd inao-
parades, it is singularly clear for the early
period in which it was drawn. The West
Indies are shown with great precision; the
coast line of the continent of America is
shown imperfectly : Afrioe, is made to
appear with the -Nile flowing down to
three lakes, just above what is known now
as Cape Colony. As a specimen of the
early geographers' scientific knowledge and
a record of the first year of American
discoveries it is of the, deepest inter-
est and of great venue. Through-
out the West Indies, British Honduras,
and, in fact„ all over the continent of
America, flint and stone weapons of war
and implements for household purposes
have been found in abundance. They re-
semble those found in the lakes of Switzer-
land and in various parts of Europe very
much. Some of them, from their size and
shape, appear to have been sacrificial
knives; others somewhat like chisels,
others like old French hatchets, and others
so small and delicately shaped as to appear
like arrow heads. I have seen a large col-
lection of similar tools and many dif-
ferent ones in a large museum of eelics of
the stone age at Zurich, taken from the
bottom of Lake Zurich when the water
was very low, exhibiting mills for grinding
grain, made of large, flat stones with deep
hollows worn in them, and a round
stone to be used as a crusher to crush
the grain as it would be put in the . hole in
the under stone: The magnificent ruins of
colossal buildings, the remains of charm-
ing frescoes, and the delicate tracery of the
sculpture, which have been found invarious
parts of Central America, prove beyond
doubt that the civilization which they
typify was one of a high order, and fully
justifies Mr. Henry Fowler, who has
studied the antiquities of British Hon-
duras so perseveringly and so successfully,
when he remarks, "That a people must
surely excite our wonder and attention
whose knowledge of astronomy enabled
them to measure the true length of the
year within two minutes and nine seconds,
at a time when our own calendar wasmore
than ten days at fault. Their sculpture
is worthy to be compared to the most
beautiful works of the Augustan
ago. Their civilization rivalled
that of Europe in the Middle Ages, al-
though it was doubtless degraded by human
sacrifices, suck as have occurred, however,
among the most advanced heathen nations.
Nor must it be forgotten that their
TRADITIONS OF THE DELUGE
mine infinitely nearer to that of the Bible
and Chaldean religion than those of any
people of the Old World.' There was a
collection of Carib stone implements found
in St. Kitts, Nevis, Antigua, Dominica, St.
Lucia and St. Vincent. There were one
hundred and twelve Carib chisels out from
coach shells, out in Barbadoes. In order
to fully illustrate the flora of the West
Indies—indigenous and acolimated—the
accomplished wife of the Governor of the
Bahamas has most kindly painted, ex-
pressly for the Exhibition, a Series
of one hundred and four water
collar drawings, copied fret." nature.
These drawings are nearly all
life size; they are very carefully finished,
and are generally &street botanioal studies
and faithful representations of the plants
they illustrate, besides being artistically
beautiful. In tho majority of eases the
plants, their fruits and flowers are all
shown; and sometimes for a back ground
there is a beautiful landscape introduced,
and an occasional butterfly, moth or other
insect is shown on the flowers. There was
a most singular plant among the collection
called Bryopnyllum calymnum, which is
sucoulent; with unequally -primate leaves;
remarkable for ite innate poveor of repro.
duction from a single tleaf, which if pinned
against a wall and kept moist, will fre-
quently Sheet forth young plants from its
edges. The flora of the West Indies and
South America is immensely varied and
beautiful, and, like the feathered tribes
there, displays the most brilliant hues.
The ever.preeent great three of men—alco-
hol—that legion of devils in solution,pro-
trudes hie foul seven -fold head andinnu-
merable horns in these western depeedendes
of Britain also. Hero in Guiana wehave
white rum, colored rum, rum shrub, swiz-
kits, cocktails and swizzle sticknfor beating
up their coOktaile and other inventions for
maddening their brains, exciting thole pas.
sloes and turning men into demons, and,
alas, women also—the noblest, purest, last
and best creation of God—into thefoulest,
lowest, most degraded imps of peedition. It
drives its miserable votaries to ruin hero,
to eternal ruin hereafter. 11 impels women
who yield to its delusive fasthiatiens to
worse than death hero, and to a dark Atia
hopeless future. It peoples our jaild,
our pointentieries, the &Bowe itself
with Ad victims. It Spreads woe, unuttor-
able woe ever every land Whore it is not
restrained by the steting' arm of the law.
Stutes of our wieest judges tell Us that 00
per cent. 'of all the criminals' Who tonie
before their' train their ainenfall to thie
&Stilled poison lehieh has not the timeliest
paktiele ef no rishment in it ; it Only
°Melee an uninslif'
elthy °kas/met Of thd
brain, but b1if fleet hthenitig they feel
miserable, Wallin Mid otheneted fee Want of
. the Vital fordo that aleohol SOO from
a
them the night before, Jo get up excite-
ment. They go and drink mere to get up
the excitement, and again their vital
forces become clogged and exhausted again
bacreatiOneir potations more and
more, nntil ere long they netheao confirmed
dronkarde. They live miserable lives
here. Some trilling disease, which they
would heye thrown off easily had they
lived sober lives, Parliee them to untimely
graves—to an awful eternity—to endless
wee.
THE PRAIRIE PROVINCE.
A Winnipeg despatch saps • The great
Indian Sun Dance is over. Owing to the
action of the Government agent in refusing
to issue extra rations to the large number
of 'nailing at the Assiniboine reserve
during the Sun Dance, their performance
was necessarily out short this year. They
were simply starved out, At the conclu-
sion of the ceremony,which was devoid of
all old-time atrocities, Chief Pie -a -pot
addressed his braves and aroused the camp
with enthusiasm. A newspaper man inter-
viewed the chief through a balf-breed
interpreter, and found him out of humor.
He complained of his camp being hungry.
He said that Chief Jack and himself had
quarrelled over the question of making
braves by torture. Chief Jack said Pie -a -
pot bad secretly made ono brave in this
way. Pie -a -pot promises to return to his
reserve at once. Excepting on the ques-
tion of "more grub" all the Indians are
contented.
•An amended Hudson Bay Railroad Bill
has been brought in. By it the Winnipeg
& Hudson Bay road is empowered to float
ton million dollars of bonds. Of these
n4,500,000 will have their interest guaran-
teed by the Government at the rate of 4
per cent. for twenty.five years, and the
remaining $5,500,000 will be ordinary bonds
issued by the company. The proceeds of
these bonds will be placed in possession of
a 'board of three trustees, one appointed by
the Go rernment, one by the company
and one by the bondholders, and they
will pay out one dollar from the
funds raised from the guarantee.
bonds for every dollar expended from the:
money obtained from the other bonds.
The remaining bonding power of the com-
pany, amounting to 0,250,000, will remain.
in the hands of the Government, as security
that the road shall be completed, and will
be applied from time to time in aiding the.
construction of the road. After the com-
pletion of theline any other security held
by the Government shall be given back to.
the company.
It is expected that Fent, Chief McRae's.
assailant, will be extradited, the proceed-
ings so far being favorable.
MoLeish's murderers are still at large,.
though their capture is certain within
forty-eight hours.
The report that Chief Pio-a-pot and his.
band have left their reserve to join the
Assiniboines and raise hostilities is without
foundation. TheIndian Agent granted him
and a few families a few day's leave to visit.
relations on the Assiniboine reserve. All
Pie -a -pot's braves are busy putting in crops
on the reserve and the Indians are quiet.
It is expected the Local Legislature will
be prorogued this week.
SUED }DR A )FURNITURE BILL.
A Novelist and Earl's Daughter in Court.
A London cable says: Yesterday after-
noon, at the Westminster County Court,
Lady Constance Howard, the daughter of
the Earl of Winchelsea and sister of the
late Lord Maidstone, appeared to answer a
judgment summons at the instance of Mr.
Qnantrell, furniture dealer, of Wardour
street, Oxford street. Judge Bayley asked
the defendant if she was married? The
defendant replied in the affirmative, but
added that her father had stopped her
allowance of £200 a year, and she was en-
tirely dependent on her husband, who is
the second son of the Earl of Effingham. In
reply to the aolicitor for the plaintiff, Lady
Constance said it was true that she had
written the following novels : " Mated with
a Clown," "Mollie Darling" and "Only
a Village Maiden," but the had only made
about Z20 out of them. She denied that
she had written "Major Toddles." She
also denied that she went ranch in society
now, and added that as to novelwriting she
found it did not pay. Mr. Quantrell called
the judge's attention to an action in a
superior court, during which the defendant
had declared that. she had an allowance
from her father, the Earl of Winchelsea;
whereupon the defendant explained that
since then the allowance had been stopped.
The judge said that be had no power to
O.:stun:sit a married woman without a separ-
ate income, and dismissed the summons.
Divorces in Canada.
An Ottawa despatch says: The Bill for
the relief of John Monteith was passed in
the Senate to -day. The petitioner, who is
a hotel -keeper at Lake Rosseau, Muskoka,
was rattrried to Mary Ann Wright in 1870.
In 1885, after fifteen years of wedded life,
the wife e/oped with Wm. G. Norton, and
is now living with him in the United States,
The divorce is granted on the ground of
infidelity.
Fanny Riddell, of Montreal, was exam-
ined befdre the Divorce Committee of the
Senate to-aay and told a pitiful tale. She
was applying for divorce from her hus-
band, Dr. Herchmer, on the ground of
adultery and desertion. Theevidence event
to show that Herchmor had been employed
in the Post -office Department at Montreal.
He took money from a registered letter
and then skipped out. Since that Eine
the appliaant for divorce had 'levee seen.
him. It was also shown that Herchmer.
is in the Northwest, leading an immoral,
life.
A Wide Awake TOWD.
One man knooked down, two othera'.
kickea in the stomach; Deptity Sheriff'
McPhee laid up by a kick in the groin,
several big faro games running, also several
poker, games, at one of which there teat
Over $500 in the pot—a good house at the
theatre; all anis last Saturday .ovening iti
this city would seem to indicate, that times
are getting livelier.—Halley, Idaho, Timm
Lady Seton has and takes groat plead
showing i0 all her vieitoke at Dtirbeth
House probably the ottrlieet aUtogrepli
letter of Queen Victoria in &debate°. It is.
in childish print chitractere end yens. thud,
HOve do yen Io, my dear Sir Henry 7
Yoer little friend, Victoi:Iii." It ivite aa -
dredged Sir Horiry Ootoe.