The Huron Expositor, 1972-06-15, Page 5RECORDS
arone's
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The Friendly Store in Senforth — "the friendly town"
CIO
I-
Old Air Force Base Clinton, Ont.
A TRUE FACTORY OUTLET STORE FEATURING SECONDS AND DISCONTINUED LINES FROM MANY
CANADIAN MANUFACTURERS. OUR, SELECTION WILL. INCLUDE KNIT SHIRTS, DRESS SHIRTS.
DRESS PANTS, CASUAL PANTS, SOX. LEATHER- GOODS. FOOTWEAR. SPORTSWEAR. LINGERIE, ETC.
FOR ALL MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY.
MANY FIRST'. QUALITY LINES WILL ALSO BE OFFERt1) AT bISCOUNT PRICES -
TO PROVIDE GREATER SHOPPING VARIETY
Fabrics
,Mill End By The Pound
Crimp Knits
Sewing
Needs Appliances
Small
-. Double Knits ' Thread - Zippers -Name Brand Toasters
Flanritlette -'Towel Ends Bindings Irons - Kettles
Denims - Drills --Etc. Tapes - Blenders - Etc.
- Sewing .Linens Many Other
Machines- Sheets - Pillow Cases Items, Too
Assorted
Makes and
Towels
Face Cloths NumerOus
Models Dish Cloths TO Mention ,
STORE HOURS: MONDAY THROUGH FRIDAY - 1 P.M. M 10 P.M.
SATURDAY - 9.A.FA, TO 6.P.M.
Your hands keepyou
in touch with the world.
Your Workinen's Compensation Board
and The SafetyAssociations, Ontario
'fake good care of your hands, When you
wbrk,
It'
work ciete'nsiVelY:-
your job needs protective
.gloves;wear them, And
take time to learn the .
right way with tools.
A little thought,a little
care, can bring you
safely t hrough- t he working
day, every day.
The sure
way to
safety is •
Self-Defence.
AOalfa breeding program
aims to knock out bloat
blemish.
suffers from an unsightly
The queen of the forage crops
Alfalfa, a protein-rich per-
ennial legume, has all the quali-
ties of a regal forage except for
one, major drawback --it can
cause fatal bloat in cattle,
Dr . B. P. Goplen, who dubs
alfalfa "queen of the forage
crops," has launched a breeding
program at the Agriculture
, Canada Research Station in
Saskatoon which he hopes will
eventually eliminate the problem.
"The advantages of alfalfa
make it a number one forage
crop even now," he said. "But
direct losses from cattig deaths
-due ta_bloat.nin about $11 million'
every sear in Canada.
"That figure is at least
doubled for total ,economic loss
to the country when factors such
as lost dairy productiOn and
'losses from farmers not growing
alfalfa because of the threat of
cattle bloat are included.
"In the United States , the
direct mortality loss is about
$45 million annually," said Dr.
Goplen.
In the face of such' stagger-
ing economics, it's no wonder that
Dr. Goplen is anxious to get on
• with his breeding. program.
"The biggest accomplish-
ment to date has been identi-
fying what causes bloat," he
said.
Dr.1J. M. McArthur and Dr.
J. E. Miltimore, scientists at
Agriculture Canada's research
• stations in Sum merland and Kam-
loops, British Columbia, point
an accusing finger at alfalfa's
"fraction 1 protein."
"We're convinced this pro-
tein in the plant can cause bloat
in the cattle's stomach," said
Dr. McArthur.
• Dr. Goplen explained how the
alleged culprit probably. commits
its crime.
• "Fraction I protein causes a
very stableloam,",he said.
• "In ruminants such as the
cow', digestion in the stomach
takes place by bacterial fermen-
t
tation. It's -been estim-ated'that.
about 30 gallons of gas are pro-,
duced per hour in the stomach
of an average cow by thfs pro-
cess. •
"When the amount of fraction
I protein is high enough, it seems
to cause a thick foam which plugs
the, outlets from the animal's •
stomach. When that happens, the
gas can't ,escape and the animal
'bloats!' "
Death can follow suddenly.
The actual cause of death is
unknown; but Dr. Goplen sus-
-.Teets it may involve nerves and
• toxic substances associated with
bloat. It could also involve
redcktes10:40odn circulation from
the- "n• pressures, -developed,
added Dr. McArthur.
"A common treatment is to
stand the cow with its front high,
hoping the stomach outlet to the
esophagus , will be tilted above
• foam level in the stomach, allow-
ing the gas' to••escape.
"If that doesn't work, farmers
make. an ., incision throuth the'
stomach wall to relieve , the
problem," said Dr. Goplen.
Obviously, prevention
is the best approach and feeding..
1' x non-bloating alfalfa would be an
answer.
"Until we knew what factor
in alfalfa caused bloat, we had no
idea what to breed for," said
Dr. -Goplen, who has an estab-
lished reputation as' a legume
breeder with new sweet clover
• and sainfoin varieties* to his
credit.
"Now' we can aim our, pro-.
gram at a specific-factor."
However, the problem is more
complicated than simply elimin- ,
ating fraction I protein' from
alfalfa. •
0 4, It turns out that fraction I •
is ,also:fhe 'main enzyme. in the'
plant which -fixes br binds carbon
dioxide fr.= the air into the
life chemistry of the plant.
Its proper name is ribulose-1,
5-diphosphate carboxYlase, and
it • without it the plant couldn't exist.
"Amounts of fraction I pro-
tein vary in • different forage
crops,!" said Dr. Goplen. "But
the main thing seems to be how
much of the protein is still avail- ,
able when the forage reaches the
animal',s, stomach.
"Some of the non-bloating
0 * legumes actually contain as much
fraction I protein as.alfalfa, but
it's tied up chemically by
tannins and can't cause foamtng."
Tannins are • a group of
chemical compounds which occur
naturally in some plants. They
t ".0 can'' bind •certain proteins and
settle them out of 'a solution.
Fraction I prOtein is a case
in point. Tannins can take it out
of solution. Once it's out, it
can't cause foaming and, accord-
ing to the theory, can't cause
bloat.
So if the breeding program
•••/'•••"..",./Nente aresfte
STAY ALIVE
WITH
RED CROSS
WATER SAFETY
NoreSsreNtrooNtareNtleeNm^or
comes up with an alfalfa variety
containing enough tannins to limit
the available fraction I in a
cow's stomach, the.bloat problem
would be solved,
"That's one approach we're
taking," Dr. Goplen said.
"we're .also looking for alf-
alfa varieties which may already
have lower fraction! levels to see
if they can be used in breeding
programs. •
"There may be factors other
than tannins which limit fraction
I in the animal's stomach. We
don't need to know exactly what's
tying up' the protein to select•for
non-bloating alfalfa flarietie$.
"The Important thing is how
much fraction I protein is avail-
able from chewed up alfalfa to
cause foaming.
"We plan 'to survey what
amounts to a world collection of
alfalfa varieties.to see if we can
find low fraction I plants or per-
haps plants with a slightly ,dif-
ferent non-bloating'. fraction I to
use as 'parents in bkeeding 'pro-
grams."
Dr,. Mc Arthur is searching for
varieties • with high tannin'
contents to see if this character-
istic could be bred into a' new
variety and thUS tie up the protein.
"We're looking'at tannin con-
tents in bloating and non-bloating
legume varieties," he said. "We
don't know yet if it's practical
to breed tannins into alfalfa.
"So.,kqlrn, we haven't found
tannins Ili any'alfalfa variety, but
we've discovered some contain-
similar compounds. It's possible
we'll' find tannins in alfalfa, .in
which case. they will likely be an
inherited characteristic of the
variety as is the case 'in other
legumes," said Dr. McArthilr.
The group with Dr. McAr-
thur at Summerland will be
Checking tens of thousands • of
plants each year for tannin, he
said.
In addition to 'the surveys at
Saskatoon and Summerland, 'Dr.
D. H. Heinrichs, the recognized
dean of Canadian alfalfa breed-'
ers, is ,keeping a watchful eye
for suitable plants among his vast
Collection •of alfalfa varieties at
the Canada Agriculture Research
Station at Swift Current, Sask.
"Once we .find that elusive
starting parent, we , can really
go in earnest," said Dr. Goplen.
"It may take 10 to 15 years
to come up with a low fraction I
alfalfa. If we succeed with a
variety that is stable' from sea-
son to season we'll plant an
acre or so of the low fraction ,I
variety and the game area of
normal alfalfa. at Kamloops.
Then we'll graze cattle on each
variety and determine the ing
cidence of bloat.
"It will show once and for
all whether low fraction I means
a non-bloating alfalfa. If it
does, then we'll have a proven
non-bloating variety for re-
lease."
Dr. Goplen emphasized' that
'the breeding program is still
in the very early stages. And
there's tit) guarantee of success.
Then why not concentrate on
other non--bloating legumes that
are already available?
.."other legume species such
as Birdsfoot trefoil and-Saiefoin,
simply don't produce like alf-
alf a. •
"There',s a tremendous econ-
omic goal in alfalfa .breeding.
"A , non-bloating variety
-would have an enormous impact
not only in Canada but world
wide.
"Breeding work in Europe
and Russia has gone on for many
years to improve other
forage legumes, ,but they still
can't match alfalfa," he said,.
And that'.s anothe r reason
alfalfa will probably remain
queen of the forages.
Spring an'
summer
feeding of
dairy cattle
. .
When, farmers :turn out their
dairy cattle to graze in lush,
green spring pastures, they may
believe that they don't have to
worry about milk production until
fall. Before they know it, pro-
duction has dropped, says Gary
Buck, dairy cattle specialist,
Ontario Ministry of, Agriculture
and Food, Kemptville. He out-
lined a few steps that could be
taken while the cows are on
pasture to help prevent a drop
in production.
Most dairy cattle can pro-
duce 35 to 40 pounds of .milk
New,
EG
Corr iaspo dent
Mrs. Charles Geddes
Our deepest .sympathy goes
out to the " Glanville family on
the death of their eldest son
this past week.
Mr. and Mrs. James „Cam-
eron of Sarnia are visiting with
their daughter and son-in-law,
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Geddes
and family.
We would like to welcome to
the village Mr. and Mrs. John
Maloney and their son.
We all wish Kenneth Wood
a speedy recovery from his acci-
dent over the weekend.
POT LUCK
Following a pot-luck dinner
Alec Chesney, Mrs. Leonard
StrOng presided for a ,regular
meeting of the Egmondville
U.C.W. Miss Mae Smith's finan-
cial report showed that proceeds
to date are gratifying. It was
decided that proceeds of a con-
cert tb be presented this- Fall
will go to the choir fund.
A bus trip to points in the
north is planned .for October.
Several bazaar 'ideas were given
for this Fall's bazaar and sever-
al articles are to be purchased
-for use in the kitchen.
•
Mrs. Ed 13oyes, Mrs. Charles
Eyre and Mrs. T.E.Hancock led
1r,t devotions. Rev. T.E.Hancock
,and Mrs. Andrew LUnncOnducted
an Opportunity Sale outdoors,
which realized close to $50,,.
Lucky draw prizes went to Mr.
Hancock, Mrs. Hancock, Mrs.
E. Durst, Mrs. Forbes, Mrs.
E. Papple, Mrs. S. Gray and
Mrs. Roy McGeoch.
homebody
Wants What
You Don't 'Need!
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Expositoi•
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•
Finest selection
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10c - 15c - 25c-- 35c - 50'e
•
•
It's no fun even for a cow
a serious matter of dollars
Agriculture Canada scientists
,with research aimed to knock o
to suffer from bloat. And it's
and cents for the cattleman.
are" coming to the aid of both
ut bloat.
1
RONNENBERG INSURANCE
AGENCY
TUESDAY — FRIDAY
PHONE BRUSSELS 887-6663
Other Days, Monkton 347-2241
per day 'on good pasture-without .. at the home ofMr. and Mrs.
becoming too thin.. Higher pro-,
duc ing cows (50 to 80 pounds/day)
Cannot produce this level of milk
on pasture alone. They require
extra energy and protein.
On excellent pastures cows
require 11 to 14% crude protein
in the grain mix to sustain their
production levels. On good to
fair pasture their protein re-
quirements• increase tot 15t° 16%.
A grain ration will supplement
the protein and energy avail-
able in the pasture. Without
this extra feeding, production
can taper off. One possible
mixture of 1'700 pounds cor n
and cob meal and 300 pounds of
soybean meal will provide 13%
crude protein.
Minerals should be added to
the grain mixture at 40 to 50
pounds per ton. The mineral
additive is composed of equal
parts of calcium and phos-
phorus and 20 pounds of cobalt
iodized .or trace mineralized
salt. Free-choice (all they can
consume) minerals and salt
should also be available outside
in covered feeders or troughs.
While ,in the field cows should
be given free access to hay either
in the stable or in a feed rack.
This will help the tows rumen
to function better and helps pre-
vent bloat. It will also help
keep the butterfat test normal.
As soon as pasture becomes,
scarce or before milk produc-
tion drops, haylage or an early
cut hay should'be fed. An alter-
native to haylage is corn silage
left from the previous year.,Hay-
lage or silage provide necessary
roughage for dairy cows.
Ample .clean fresh water and
shade should be available to the
cows, ' Water should be supplied
in the pasture or nearby.
These recommendations
should help maintain milk pro-
duction levels , he•said.
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