The Lucknow Sentinel, 1915-02-18, Page 2•
EDUCATION IN ONTARIO
Newt on Mewls gal1aeber by Mrs nn J. Innen, Ensi**Peritir * •
Mond Mewl*.
Dr. R. .n.‘iene. Minister of Edu-
cation, wrote Mr. Jelin J. Tilley,
lx-nnspeetnr of Model &Jeanie
manse -
"Door Sir, -I wish to avail Me.
-Mit of your long experience in con-
nection with the trussing of teach -
• ori by Joining you to, report upon
ethoobswbole queatiou of Model
. I win oleo ask e-ou to
offer seen oritleisma and suggeations,
eontiectissn with Owe sehools And
nate quiiiitione as YOU may deein
in the interests of education."
Mr. Tilley was * sueneeeful.Pub
li School teacher fox several years,
then be waseappeinted County Ins
speetor,of Public Schools in Dar-
' bans County, e poeitioe he Ailed
wit4 very great efficiency and 'Atli-
fectien for several years prior to
ape:ointment as lecturer at 'Navin
ere Inatititee and Provincial Mo-
de Sobool Inspector. After an ex-
perience of nearly half a century's
connection with the schools of On-
tario Mi. Tilley WU well qualified
to seak with authority oieeheses-o-
• Iittnin of Public and Model schools
in this province. Mr. Tilleysa re-
port follows:
Part I.'
• , To the Hon. Dr. Pyne, Minister of
• Eiclueseion, Toronto
accordance with your di-
eettion, I bents) eabmit the fellow -
beg Ireport:
• Model, Schools'. .
The Model School system has. been
•
thirty-seven Teets in existence and
_may lay claim to the possession of
an historical neespeetite, An 011b.
. line, of the ichatges madeeeinces
was established may not; be unite
tereeting. . Second and Third
Class certificates were so closely
aneociated during a part of tinsper-
ions I speak .of both in this
outlines' -
, • Granting Certificates.,
Previous to satin` all *.Provincial•
Public School certificates were els.
stained from the Thronto• Normal
School, and these were of two
grades -First and Second, AA1 ether
seettifleates were limitunto the conn -
ties in which they were 'obtained and
-were, given by what afterwards
Clime to he known as "Old County
-Boards,"upon examinations eon,'
s !ducted entirely by these board.
In 1871 the -"Old County Boards"
were discontinued and "New Coun-
ty Boards" were eetablieheci. The
Intter boards consisted of one or
more Public School hispectorse who
. were appointed in that year, and
• two or more exanninere with .pres-
eeribed qualifications. Tothesethese
e boards was given the issuing of 'Se -
coed and Third Class. eertifieates
,41p4411,. questiou_s_,prepared---bena the
Education Department 'and an ex-
' witheas, prescribede-
• ,danst .The Second Class certificates
.granted by these boards were per-
manent and ' .provincial, but the
' !Third Classs cetnecetes were limited
▪ to the county 'or diatrietin which
s they mete given and. were valid for
only three years. ,
Interniediatin'Exansination. ,
•••••••••101
subirequently fro linteen,weekt: After 1.
passing through *Model School and
teaching at learnt one year and enter
pawing the nun -professional exami-
nee/on for Second Clue, sthe teach-
er could then attend * Normal
Seboel and obtain a, Second Cried
Provincial certificate. The estebe
inning of the Model Seboal apneas
for the initial training of all young
-Neel:nye and the granting of Third
Claescertificates formed a. simole
and bietpliCeti,* plan -of providing
tome training for all teatbers..
Tentative Measure;
It was expected,. however, that
•this would he but ao tentative mea-
sure, not a, Permanent one. It was
thought that the young teacher
having taught a few years would
not be intoned with his limited
certificate, but would go forward to
A Normal Sehool and obtain' a, per..
manent certificate, valid 'throunhs
out -the *provinee. It WAS also
thenght3Ind the increased•eanerie
.
for Second Claes- ,teaoheas,„ inxid.ree
quirinn the tame non-professional
standard for aninission to both Nor -
,mel and Model Schools would do
muoli to further thie desirable end,
need not. say the results were Sad-
ly disappointing,
,Oyer+Supply of Teachers, •
The removal of- the linnite_ which
had been placed upon Third Claes
certificates as to time and area of
validity and the ease with which
theee certificates could -be obtained.;
soon Ronde& the country with Third
Olass teachers and ertused such don
underbidding of salaries that there
It was no ertemingement for teachers
to incurthe expense necessary to
obtain a. permanent certificate.
Statistics extending *Vex a num-
ber ,of years isheweet that -only one-
fourth of the teachers vho had gime
through Model -Schools wentfor-
Wardto the Normal achools, and
nen result as sevens -five Percent,
of all Who had obtained Third Class.
certificates received no further 'pro-
feisional training It was also found
in practice 'that the agularses paid to
'Seeend -Classleacliens were but
little'above the salaries, paid to
Third Class teachers, Teachers of
the lowest' grade became ,rio plenti-
ful that the supply was quite in ex-
cess of the demand and to 'obtain'
schools they were nate, the mercy
of those whoeeteployed them, and
were. obliged to take •alniost any
offered however 'MIMI" it
'The first prenincialatixemitittee
• -conducted entirely by the Depart -
went WaS,, held in 1876 and was
•-:known as the "Interniediate•ExamA.
Ination," The primary purpOse of
'We ,examinatioil wast ea, test, the
work doe in -High Schools and to
verve as a basis for what was called
"Payment be Results," but ,hirt the
,cer-
tificates eibtained at. this e4a ina;'
-.Von V2,1 'wan ;tip ;pen • bi t
&coed Pass: It geould, be 'staled
'in this connection ,that the NormalSchoelsWere,Jmin_grAntin
- Class and Second Class.-- certificates
. ' with bath professional and eopetetile,
fesSiseninineatinsee" Waif, .
Important Changes hi 1077s,
, 187neVeryniMportatteekanges
weremadein the issuingofcertifi:
cetee. The, reading of the non-pro-
fessional,answers for .Second Class
certificates was conducted ,by
Provineial Board' en -Bulieneandeens
• appointed,* the Department, and
training in _the _niarensMet &teens_
r.
was then needenelitine y pre:Winn:nal
anti -was restricted to Second Claes
teanhere; There were in thee
-04143018.01re4e terms Charing the 'year,
instead, .of two, aS, formerly, This
ch;_inge the length in the term,
'taiga be. . • -
\
It is needles to eon that trustees
in a large majority encases.. tank 9.41-.
vantage of, the conditions, and sat-
,aries Were reduced -to minimum.'
The result Wee, as I have said, that
veyysfeen-teacheassineareed: thei
Tanse-IliTogaicrr-no obtain &eine,.
'nent certificates; and ofethe large'
„number --whe-•,..obtainein Third; Class
certificates, 'eery -few intended to
remain as teachers. :They. expected
:to use teaching as.* stepping -stone,
and .after teaching a. few years to
retire at the firat. Oppoetunity, for
bettering their position: This was
especially true afeyeenig men, who
either avoided the profession or
tired'fiestrit itessitelietitenbengs that
rural'- schools were. taught mainly
by young women. • .... - • •
Majority of 'Women Teachers.:••
In 1907 -the year in County
Model .Schools were discientanued-
the female teeenere in ruranectiools
out-numbered-themele: teachers by
more than four to one, 'and this ;dis-
panty. has continual -Ito the present
Vine. , • I •
.,Effeet of tenger Normal Term.
. • -
-Extending the. Norma, School
term-es 104e ea-sehool- ye
added. to the difficulty by inereae-
-ing theecosteofeebtaining-a-Seeenti
Class certificete: ...The result was
the attendance- it then Normal
•
•
• 771,7,.;. •
•
•
The King, 'Accompaeied by ti(ird Ritebener; nasieets Troops, at Winchester, •
• .
S61dilirls airung . knid heartilY cheer as the ltoYal e;414".'Paigan.• tord.lnitchener seated the nateheende the Ininge:_es _
radical change necessary, eras to
call forth strong opposition and to
require much ;a:miettge; No reflec-
tion can . be, cast upon the
pals of the Model Schools. It was
the' -system that Was at fault, not,
know from experience that
Model School teiasteire
charged their onerous duties .e,
moat -UAW and efficient Matinee.
They knew full wall'thetsthe length
of the eeraileaae -gene teen limited to
enable, them. produce' satisfaetery
results,. anti 'this, opinion was ex-
pressed by them atsdifter'ent 'times
by resolution.. ' • •
The. same opinicin was also vexed.
*by the teachers themselves, .by Pub -
lc School . Ineinectereeendi Trus-
tees at Provincial Conenietione. In
several me annual 'reports also
urged the necessity of eeteneling the
'
44'
WAS nitliOn.NY ',.11STIETED I
An Her Claims for 'Her Invasion a
Belgium Shown to be Un-
tenable. s s
.Dy Chan M. Bice, Denver, Col,
In•juetifieation of Germany's in -
erasion of -.Belgium--- neutralatate,
,whose7neutralit,y4he:F.aiser himself
pledged, hie honor to s maintain -'e
Are jgrA.V.elSf'...inforra0-13.Y_gerinan
apelogests that between July 24 and
August 4, 1914, the -date' of inva,-.
Sion,. Belgium violated her :own
' neutrality. rights by certain hostile
acts, which afforded anaPJe. reasons
for -Germiny'S' action. .
. This general statement .Of
inany'e case is backed up, by a. "bill
-one gartieulars,neas„.the .„ lawyers
would call call it,- and which we, will
briefly eon :
First: is alleged that, the pre-
sence Of .Frencli• officers "anal son
diersewho,esete captured, at the :talk-
ing Liege, preeee that Beig?nin
and France were. acting in unisoh
before war was declared., • It is sig-
iffietiet, answer ' te eltis
that though eften demanded; no
:nemee, rank, or regiment haat
liner
'been " ferthcondeges while
France' has .miequiyecanly
' denied
•the, seertiotte-"eeThe. oinlY•e:_slirnoffe
offered by hY German a nneates' Are's,
steee.--entraste-eroneeit-privateeirree
sponsible letter, , Without` authority
or.eppetinal ofithe German Geveen-
SchoOls, was so -'reduced that in 1994
the .Minister of Education wee
obliged to resinere the reStriction of
one year's nearta-teanbing before being
admitted to * Normal Scheoa-
`. The' -staidenti *tying passed the
Semi-professional examination could
atainceSattenti 'either sie-Moclelear
Nett:al. School • This'. modification
of 'the. regulation had,
Silt- little effect anion the-littendanc
at the Normal Senoole,'
seNumlier of 'Second and: Third,
itinsff.4reav
:continued until 1884. the half-,
s,yearly term was nrestored. •*/-This
:ern .'----sithaniseeinnuaiiissdnieneree-untineae
when the term was extended to a
school year. The final examination
of the Normal Scheol students was
conducted by examiner e Appointed:
,be the Minister of Educations And
upon their report to him Second
.-Q146.Certificates were issued., 'This
'practice was continued, with EeThe
itiOdifiehliehe, until the new Normal
Seheals-wemostaliehea.ialpo
Model Sabools Established. •
In tliti ean 74 year (.1677) the Mo-
del &heel fipteM was 'eetaisliehed
for the. 'prefesseiolial trainiug of
Thirel Clans tneeneeee, avid the grant,-
. ing certineates was left with
- County Boerne. Theee certifieetes
were, at fiesa. valid may the
coanty in winds they 'mere given
, • lied were !finned to three yearn;
font in: 1681 they.weee made peovin-
. keel, and Coeney Boarde were given
neresissien ne renew them nor h filr-
tner,pere'isyl eif tine* yea roe anal Aline
, were made perneanent.• Third CIA.%
s_eirtifieA4‘Yi In flanoniesettelessee-
•--aineenteneff.V.Wil-calue''afP'tic
-lo
the fiecond Veen, and. ale reducing
of the differencs between 'them)
grades was ',carrion still farther
won afters_ when the literary teat
'foe eeonlit Mee certifieatee wee
• rainPted ti3 the stanclarel for the
Thipd'ClaSs, "
Plaeing -the 1Tarmal firdioal's upon
peofeesional basis( and reqrdring
all young. tetelle/ra attend Conn-
.' ty ;r9de.1 6e vials 0 ppoteliorial
training .W4E3 the ikt t3ter) thizta by
the .previnee to 'requite all tenebere
to na;ve tones ninfeesional training
before being lieeneedsfse 'teath.
* onel Seliejal ter!, which wilfrat
.firZt MAU; ttb .c weelo, 'wto
soon ottende4 to it even Weeks, and
her$ ,
--Thr—nirmber - of -Seeontl;''Clites
heel °Minima
to decrease, 'while theffe of the
Third,. Class continued t,4 increase.
In 1008, ofter the last entiis of Collet-
ty Model School teachers had .been
engaged, We finl. the. following, eolt-
ditierti exited: •
a) Da al. the 04399 teachers ere -
played in rural sehoolia•onty 2(3 per
cent, lead Second. Class eertificates,,
vaile.the teaokra. isrith_Tbird. Q1 am
certificates naieberedemitely 73' per
emit- ,
(n) Vbat.75 per ceen 'Of all Third
Class ter -Lone -re' received 110..fobht
training than that given in County
Model Sthoods
(3) That the ayerage age of such
teachers Was net 19 years;
(4) That A large maj4,rity of those
teachers did -naf,-tes;h-Mare than'
three or four yeane •
-Under-- suck 'conditions, it need
:oceatiien no surprise that the 6pin-
Wu obtained among many that our
rural ischoole Viere'alot keeping step
"with the general' peogrese in the
easitrys tut vett athereieenkee
tiiri- -
if aiirifui'ii,T,
doted conditioos Necessary,
inaloolcing back over the 'many
years that ere east it Mar nsinse
wine eurprino that otch a condition
of eflairs eneinen have been anewed
to go an from pear to year seitnout
•eny decided eflott heftig Mae to
reap ovo the statu PeTtnievatipn
t tenneer Par, teereny to reins
t et/arida-at rid the aeheob,
It triunt•ne releeietered, heeever,
thee the Main, MK -el rtem wa,3
a.eneplo. efid be/iv:W.4m me3133 for
praid ing. come profe2•4onal' training
for 411 teat:hero,. and that through
furniehing ohne eat iera enjey-
ed %tile popu arity, To make tho
;men. or Its accred4ed -liffiters,„
,But suppose French (Aare and
'soldiers were there previous te, the,
outbreak of the _ war, the Ant 'could
not be construed' as hostile to Ger-
many any more than. to the 'other
inatiope, 7 Germany declared War
gainst .France_latearLithe_after-
noon on August -3; and -before e 11,111.
August 4 she invaded -Belgian terrn.
*nye:en-The French officers, --the
fore, Ara :it-o-6-7Tiaire.---iffifo to return
to France invasion.
Seen
the 1361gian •dnverneoent, "I'lbr
ordered. certain cargoes of
rain -co nsigned-ti'Ger ni'any,-h -.
up. .
This is undoubtedly true, though -
not exeeptional.tonneratie.consegne
consign-
ments,, for •the Belgian Government
on July 30sprehibited the' expoeta-
don of grains generally to all coun-
tries,: but Upon the complaint of
Germany, ordered the release of all
grain intended • •for Germany.
wifitif:Attli,:4-Aortaira 'Government at
first claimed this was 4 hostile act,
She abitridenettit*ion'inforni'
ed that exeinttitiene . grain
had been prohibited to -other
countries as well, .
' Third: Complain was made that
Belgians permitted the flying of eer-
lain Frenelt aoroplanen over the
country prior te*August-iik and that
this was a 0000 b i•
• it no yet .0, mooted, question just
how tar a neutral, power responsi-
ble for aerial flights which it is pow-
erless\ to prevent,' arid Wady the
Belgiana are not anDwerahle for
raffle tin settle the quest -ion so
_ in the entre endeelleniTsreennini
) yeteneen zettled by eny venni--
Fourth bee.tt charged that
British military etoree were allowed
,to he placed at lgaubeur, French
fottiese near the Beliean .he.
fere the outbreak of the war,
lido; cutely, has netliing to' no
neutrality, ,for the
ht0Var,0 Wilf3 net on Belgian oil, and
therefore boyortd,het, control.
leeidea all nine tb#3 Pritiele Von.
Jowl OffKe dente(ilhat any
munitiene vair Of any Inerl wet
ver tett there, exeept 4116 0A Ware.
need in that locality after.tho War
mean. ,
Fifth; • Cnne• nOit olabue4 by
Germany that Belgium, while .'pro-
testing against invasion, had actin
nalY- entered. into .an agreement with
France that French troops & .might
freely enter Belgium, end thee it
.was subsequent to *this that dei -
many erdered tine invasion of. Bet-
8210447territOrY ,
alhis abatement has received
ofneial -saactien of Prince von Bee -
low, and -several distinguished Pens -
sons in Germany, and op, any other
• matter theif_Word would. accept-
ed it verity, bet. their zeal for the
Fatherland makes their statements
open to suspicion, especially when
flatly , negatived 'by °ottani dates.
On August 1. the French Goyern-
ment•notified England Ind the Bel-
gians that- would' enter Bel-•
gian' territory so long. as its adver-
saries keit Out, And on August . g the
French Minister to Belgium offered
the aid-a:France fwhicli-,was at first
'declined) and, before " any further
steps could be taken Germany en-
tered Belgium (August .4) with. her
In t -his short interval, there was
absolutely not, sufficient time to
consuniate the hlleged agreement Of
which Germany cemplaieed.
Sixth: The lest excuse givee, by
the friends of Germany foi,.its
breadh of the; neutrality' treaty; is'
ther%ndefinite.,,claim_ that ...German
officeri-foupdiii---the-archives-Of.the.
Belgian _Foreign: Offine decuments.
eibieh.etheinedthat England -in inii
was- determined to threw troops in-
to Belgium without :the aisent • of
the Belgian 'GoVernment,... if war
had then broken out, as was threat-,
enetn . These ea -called documents
have 'never been' and at
hest we, only levee& German enter,
pretetioii of theeoisteuttn Their.
existence is denied by Zngland. and:
Belgium. ,
The net results •of, air examination
of these claims and excuses is that
there 'is scarcely "One which 'official
-Germany has dared to back up with
any degree: of certainty or .persis-
tency, and they may all be dismiss-
ed As the Idle vapernsgs, of German
zealots who haves, scoured the
.shricleS,of fiction herculean efforts'
to find some excuSe, 'for precipitat-..
ing .this ;terrible holocaust that is
delugini Rturdiiemr-eoil with, the
best-igoOket411t*e4and
Lattly. It has, been disreputably
AttempteAL,to,a0inneut_Of_respon-
sibility claiming' the present
German empire .-is not lbound by
-treintinirenterenierWler-Prusehe, or
even by the ,North German Con,
federation, hut this is clearly 'un-
tenable, Manse, if this .were. .true,
Germany" Would -be deprived . of
.inany advantages derived -from these
treaties which she --liaelor' many
Years appropriated and goajoyed,,in-
eluding the 'one. with 'the United
:State& Besides,:Ennio:eke in -18/0,...
'illy recognized'. that WS--etAinttY,
;was bound by t Sahte, tteaty -on
1839, and *the German -nation con-
.
•
rktern.r4otion
though the -treaty was signed by.
Prussia alone on that side.
-is-. • ownatduitnth.
early' treaties have been super-
seded or- repeeled by the general.
convention the. gate in 1907,
sforsetniessnexpre -abrogatedeby
its terms, they are still in force and
effeert, and. no 'one so far..hiSeirer.
claimed A 7repealing clause therein;
The nearest approach to the doe -
trine that treaties are made to be
nerekens est .egaante haw/Oren whee
inconvenient or in the way, is what
wee contained in MIN:tied Chancel=
lor Holism:es, iepeetill in the Reich-
sea,in which he said: "We are in
A state of legitimate defense: ne-
eessity keens no law,"
But Independent of any Mid' all
treaties, every ration has the in-
-hereet- and ,Godsgiyen right to re -
mine neutral whenever desired, and
neither the treaty of 1830 ,nor that
einthe Hague Conferente added
anything to the rens of Belgium'
remain neutral, -We merely cite
these agreements between the ita-
thins 'to elinw 'the 'perfidy of the
ittin-lininittetn-dinFengaia '-
Ina own peeinises and pledges when
he thinks he Can sedate an advan-
tage by 'so doing, The demonstra-
lions of Euclid, therefore, ire not.
,more methemAticelly complete jlijui
the rationative' eertaintY th t
whole argument: of Germany's
apologistsp false ,,so Goa Is truce
;What then have par German
liavatits a give. khemselves insolent
airs' of paw,* deal. 401114116 and
,Superlority 'when they stand upon
041eli untenable grouud t
1011An. BIOE.
Denver, Cal., San. 29; 1010.
'Raver Men your own horn in
Plibikt-'.unlefis nr9 Musicien,
EWS:.11101t1UNgtPAST
Wilkr 'pm WESTERN :PEOPLE
ABE DOIN
•
•
progre§4 .of 441te-Oreat-I'VetIti.l.r.
' in a Fest Pennon..
• PitiagrainiS".:
Lithe waters neer.ptince Rupert,
B 0 shrimp • fishing hes- been re-
eumeds
While iiist in the lensli nem: Pont
Allienni;:lnia:;':Iniene 'Adams' 'died
front ezpos4e4, • :
Paul. Johnson, a, V,..ernOn,.B.C:.„
trapPer,';huitg.up a record f. 05.
milesi seVe'n hone on Skis: "
Vernon., B.0, provides a" free
skating rink for it. 57 German and
AuStrian-priseners,pf War: •
•
Great NM:there Railway officials
State the company's shops at Grand
Forks ineeee. `Shortly.
The:Oasts of the - B: .0 0
sinelter in. 1914 were '04/4,912.
1913 they totalled :$998,367.' :ns -
Ore shipPecHrtiiii Roislandminei
irirpeceraber. was '6;699 -tons heavier
than the same month in, 1913.
burned and the bridge itself WELS
charred:"
'At; Inenelitone, e • er
• snowman •44 feet' in height Will be
erected as an ade for, the city. It
wuwej_eleorie jsabill carry an electric torch and.
..:Kelowaa, B.O., Fanners' Insti-
tute 'will ask the Dominion nevelt,-
ment of 4g.riculte se for. A. _loan et
$32,000' to enable nanehers pur-„
chase insiry battle, se,
forest- reserve of approximately
140 square miles lian'neen set aside
in' East lootenay 'in the vicinity of
Elk, River, aceereling to the British
Th BC. aGteoetteer.nmelin4;S....t0,:fur-v,sa,..2,Imthe.:'$xst splecee etakee -•
nish rennin& Miners in the Alberta' person' a couple of seasons to learn -
Wei= of the, CreW70 Nest pais,' the 'chicken game eta there is ine
where the mine have been. idle ale patience and steady work re- • •
most the entire season. ' oeired that peaple will not -stick to
ipstFrialceit-Linii; drouth atf:drroTegiAisshwor. iiotrunthleelbsuthioeyel-have rest]: passion.. • '
.perspents; are .after the government It's a 'sneer leek that the majOrity •
for -seed wheaa, eate, barley and: of people,. eyenf arinerii,,- lose money'
rye. • - 'on poultry, or at least fail:to Mahe
• An Okanagan, B.C. trapper lei anything substantial,' whereas es • •
• • • dl
'ports furs plentiful,' but is market- Man 'or women svisn likes-. to -ban e
ing,ottina, few -oh account of pie- chickens and eticks•to it 0; Sean '
vailingpriees: The „bulk , of his. sible ,way. can 'dean up a lot 'ere ,
catch he is saving for next Season's money. There is verseareat •deall
market, s . . in doatoringpoUltiii keeping it free.•
Never in the retelleetiOn_of..the irom siierieinnannene,eding nisely.._
mostgrizzly"of. 11.0e-olnennennanin nennTAWIlio,ier, things'.
the,raeuntain distriots has and ;so. Quits disnust aftee eyettes
en twooffailure ne:Peor success.
•
On tht m
Workmen Neen lineouregeineut,
On one Ulna Where ,I,WOrlred We*
had forty news to milk morningend••
'night, writea 4, hired man.- Two of.,
. us to do the work under Dose. who
was Mean, efaulifineling elicten
torien, And wine always thouglit we
more not • ecromplishing, what we
eleiudn end:. also always had on. tine
seine work for Jae to attack 'before
we were properly through wit/IN./hat, •
wewerethen -doings • sniesavatelsed
u annityeniven-routed-unoutrate
inelook in :the morning, and na.ht to.
it '040 it was 8, or ti o'elovkatelsight. •• •
before we were through., We were-.
supplied ;with Jnendles, for retiring,
which were- notedly iehann euough. to •
nun.; out within half an ,hour After
going to our Sleeping quarters. In-
dispositien on the part el ane warin.
men :wee en excuse, pay beteg den •
dean -din -it! time Omit. en. the dolt%
list And never while • r Was there,
vies nhere•any empathy shown oven
any Attempt -meek lieltna Man re -
0110.4 01,4 as bops lases, more in,
e0aSe queue() ilifesiali iptern
. est ancl.feom •eareleiginIKS, in the-
peefoensance. of the work the Parl.
of his help than is compensated by
the extra work done fonsthe Bata- •
• faction., to him, of:having- goaded'
his men as far as lay in hie power.
The men become listless and shift-
less, :benne(' that no' 'Matter hows
barn or conscientiously they worked
the 'boss wee miner satisfied. TO ob-
nein-the best united effort of . all '
men there must be harmony or the -
diSgruntled ones will enen tuts • •
away the.monewho is a good woriger
and who tries. censcientioesly •to Y,
•PoeIteysItaishig,•Wienom.
What is the sense, of a -wornan
!nig intespenitia einens 'She 1:44.
-liking for that Serf. .
.
Chicken -raising as a fad Is the most.
ridiculous besiness X ever saw, and ."
.have seen seiner queer things .••
done on a farm writes an old farm- ; •
: 24-Paund trstit: .
:oktiaragtorcLake, 'near Kelowna, 'been
'inter- ma to .the Prepeet tune._
with
B.C. It "WiS nneet'a inches in length b'een -•1‘5 'r114--Pt--!rc'c'nl'Pam.te'd
At xitvrw..estrilinstei,,, less snow than this year. • °
or Gray Was elected for the second.
time. . ,
: Last year the Standard Mine at
'Silverton, B.C.,. -paid dividend of
anie,000.. ;
-.4Theelbernieneofethen mid
A Ve,neouvenpoliceinan found an
old horse, too weak to rise, lyingem
the street one niehrnire Scoured
the neighborhood for old '<Arabes
and blankets; and cevered the Ani-
mal till daylight, When the S.P.C.A.
took aseave---- • -
warehouses' at .Skagway, caused a- -t• •
less of $210,000. '" •
W.. 'Patten 'of' Armstrong
in good years, make§ $ an.
acre profit en. celery.
Vernon,- B.C.., fruit growers 'Qom -
Plain that they paid out $100,000 to
middlemen, lest year. '
• ".yernon, laid- Off all its
civic outdoor Staff 'but one man and
one team, thus saving eSeo a month.
kNoliviNo, Gytin4ING, SEEING.
—
- 'James L. Hughes; Toronto. -
Yes! aro thankful for the glOw
That. fills my heart because 1 know
So much of what Mankind has AMIE-
Of noble efforts, triumphs won. •
Mr, heart is full Of gratitticle;
Bedause know that: life. is good,
, -„
itaintoeps. police' force, was,
• M fokm-d,
ember: of' the e
de-raten-liieTlyeat Mfd7t43111.-play .-Vowards higher truth 1 still may grow.'
,
deeper -grlititude is mine
suepected. • .
'sailing
'The Blue -Bluer Itevealing ever problems iiew—
fesiin -B.C. to Britain 'will, on Sunn Inevider, truer) sleerei:vigivt- .
lstpadviinee.--ffs„rates on -1-iirob'er
'1;TaSy.11,,Pbinelrvha'os4 Walker°btfeet. anand
drobbedi°aasn Mold -
man in Vancouver, were sent to the
pen for,pivert. years each, • "
Wong Wing, young Chinaman,
eshowe elseehentereeord for school ntti
Novel Development Conducted on
_le6andtaagnecevireat GoVodepne,r B.C.een, .zemitua mud,.
_ lairain-Angus-Maillestereef__
Itistiledel. farm at Neus..en,,noa Zealand'
plecce ow; an
The Boy Stouts of. Viciorne,..Teeep hits b.6031:,,;converinmgd into -a
3, *on the Lient.-Governer2s Chan _.
•
points, out of a inaxitanin of 99.
'Vancouver's percentage froin the
street railway in Deteulher, 1914,
ell-b-ff-$4;3212 from that in el'm ears
1,11,9°nntelie ",inf .PereHlamhiss „ Living _mostly.: in 'fresh -wider, the
Makes 65 tons -of pulp ea eel has the curious habit of seeking
ships 'it to Innen, South Anieria the deep sea to spawn an attaining
anit.nther ,eountrie go. • • - tri ton t, -eseselbeseel • 'larvae,-: drifting
In If.!,9-0,• when ,naements-nien helplessly foe frani land, develop in-
in,Vanemweiy1145- estate eitensiiinuen to •eivcsre,-and these seek -the fresh
at '$5,000. .$0,000. Now it has readied waters, there to: remain *nal they
value $41,000;
, Officials of the• Dept: of Ag-
riculture, say the dairying 'industry
is making :great strides in the lower
mainland of -.11.C.
The Nelsen, .B.(l.,eiviieelief or-
ganization has enreen at week cut-
ting wood at the mountaitenspot of
the Great 'Northern, Ititilivaa.
A man named George Devil was
sent -to the pen for seven yettes
holding up and robbing the inmates
-of-a-gamblingeden in -Vancouver.
.Vancetivei-mun dug up On
preperty a tin can containing 000
I should rejoice becau7 -I-k.,110.
And more because My 1:10.wer may
But highest loy'Should come to met,
For *hatis yet And'seei,
. DE.N.MARK'S EEL' rAitm.
1V'one tlie-Met golt:PlAYers'''fit
Vancouver, 'lost an armin. the war:
•-.„nove Opine
•
•
The nolloning gives approximate
'quantities'
Water 'Used on the Farm.
dnuayaeotihtt he farm:
elaf rwwitt:er, • req:uired
Stieh member of the family fox On
purposes will nequiee 08. to 49 gal -
Rine.; each cc's- require .twelve-
quire' Len.
gallons;
000 nnn ;;;; ,teeaaaocepih. sheep hog will require,
-..-The. --water- eoneumPtien. .
will•vary from day to day and With •
the seasons. For &family nf
persons a 200 -gallon supply should • ••
be sufficient if the water -as used in •
'the 'house only: On a farm where"
Water- is supplied to a. feinilir sixe
persons, ten horses, twelve Cove, 25. ,
gs, andLfifteen ebeePs the daily
storage supply Arend be at least
09 gaillo-k-willi4haitever-additio
al .a.thotint, if any, •the 'termer deems,
necessary for fire proteetion.
. . .
inVIATORStaNARItOnnnEgoArk-&-t.
Flying AgsatialtisiotnWarlyndmIasrtl infinoast:
,
Seine Of the British military evias-
tots nave lately had 'very narrow
escapes owing to the .4ffect of the .
high winds watch - ha:Vv.-been-
It must; 'be remembered, that if
an aeroplane --WhiCh does day, .setr--
en y
up in a, wind which itt bight alk- -
tudes is 'blowit'ig perhaps at sixty
r o
-that wind Will eillr ahoWten
nil es an our 'whereas if -it turns ---•-
ann., flies ith the win., t win
speed be added te its oven
speed, and it will thee he doing ,
about lee miles per hours-7.1mA, as;
-the speed of 67 -host on a Aver' is de-
creased • br increased when 'going.
'ageing or 'with -the current. -
When' 'an aeroplane • is fiYing
against the wind, it thus •.offers - -
almost stationary=mark;_,The-Ger.--..-.
mewl, of course, know this. as well .•
as :the Walsh do, aed...therefoke: •
apparently hold their fire till they • • •
gee -the again0
the wind, and as a, reeult ahoy are'
now- getting very mune deism! to
their targets ilienethey did during
the early part Of the war, When the
weather vies practically „melee • for
weeks, at a time. „ • • ne „
The eaneequende is then when
British pilcits itte.fiying epeeist the
wiinin and fincl• the shells,coMinglati.
elese they promptly turn and sail •
off' •• 'down wind, ' and then,. Of
cotinarsaei_mt0h4etrivaspizotiibst•je,se
tilt-rific, that
• ,
11401.11Y. 1044111v .
,
Miss Ourle;y kept, a.private
tuanndeyven;unipiotrnmg,. .
• '‘,Witr4 dams yeitenftithee do to
cern his n? 'the teenne,r asked .
'the girt •
'Please, matiani,',' was the peetatil
reply, nil°, doesn't live with lia.
• "Well, thee,'anted the tettehOin
tnothet euppotts MOP. •
i"ivlhion,wtod„c e your me er. ea. in her
"Why," reanien the little: girl. in
An arth$13 manner; "elm tote paid ••
for staying away from fatherto
sind of -432 -averoTrin 'Iwo
feet in depth, and equipment' has
been. provided r Pireaping into.the
naturally semewhat. brakisli water
supply of fresh water froth -en ad:
jecen • eamil or on nil • wa er torn
the fjord ' " "'•
in turnereach maturity. ,
For docking the farm, the elvers
are tranped as they arrive in- the,
early spring. Through a sluice suf-
ficient pine 'water is disclarged to
Ireshen tine fjord in the ;Vicinity, mid
the elvers thus attracted. ceawl up
the stun:e'en'bands of twisted,
etre*, provided to aid their pessege
in the swift' stream.
From the 'trap at the lica`d'of the
sluice they' are tinned into the
pond; being first taunted. In , this
v4r5q-P7"lit'Wre'tnsSn3,ia-se then
hers have been talteN .up to 890, -
in gold. It hadbeen buried by a 000 in 1913, • „ i •
Inside new • eervinga tettin, the mo get ripe, fully„sgrewn eel& for
pen. the Market, .„the• trap reveteed'.
. 0 .:river00(rinaenebii• sgnioedlot,eoro.oattotyuloist, 13. Salt.
ocStl'biatvtott, setriecfritcillmbittsfit)Ciadds'filliilirtnet:
capper in November. The finished trade the . matured' individeelne
product. test Jess' than ,seien .cents vi4ehebe iontsitttvilletts; itoniosalitva; atttebio':.to
,PA°1:01nutGO,nuii hemelost %nit lino5 123A00 11-16' °
'that nistriet WAD opened up; The
by qh0Welideg litkthe Slecan. since . b,sirismaey is uis an of
•
conceal -
first men were 'killed at the Frendiegoar' dnimkes,
:Lee mine, 20 yeara e,go, .
An attempt, astisnesele to ham -ttieMany fellow has siteli &Luling
cAtiit. manes, bodge :seine) of proapeetintlett the becomes" blind to
Itevelstolie, Astern net1813 W45 a:ntnreilits,
'.•
-4„
••