HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance, 1905-04-20, Page 3THE CELEBRATION THCPURtST AND SWEETEST
- AT EASTER TIME.
Easeer, the mast joyful of all the
seIP^* thum1t eelebratious a the year, coulee
again with its glad music, its gorgeous
gatheringe of brilliant spring flowere,
its MIN aml roses, and brings in its
train the most reeplendent of dressee
imil hats of the season. In es way it
la the festival pat excellence of the
Christian year, even overshadowing, the
observance of Christmas. InOm coun-
tries, indeed, Easter is the greatest
ecclesiastical event of the whole twelve
months.
• Like many other seasons a church.
observauce, Easter owes its birth to
paganism, •and not to Christianity. But
the wise fathers of the elturele fore-
seeing the impossibility of making a
holiday of universal glory and celebra-
tion from the people, merely adapted it
to the changed circumstances, and so
it is that Easter holds so prominent
a place in our calendar, The very word
itself is a survival of the old Teuton
mythology, and the manner in which
the day is celebrated is au heirloom of
our old time ancestors.
The Saxons call the festival "ester"
or 'osten," both of which mean "rie-
s ing." The name by which we know the
day comes from that of the goddess of
aapl_ spring,•"Ostera," whose festival' was an-
nualy celebrated at this season. The
eggs, which were ifsed to symbolize the
birth of spring after the death and.
solitude of winter, were a prominent
feature of' the pagan. scheme, and when
the transition of Christianitycame it
i
was easy enough to see them n a type
of the resurrection. And as the new
religion spread slowly northward
through Europe the Christian celebra-
tion of the day took the place of the
pagan festival. The name alone was
changed; the observance of the season
remained the seine.
• The Christian Passover.
In the early days of the church and
even to -day, so far as the rubrics are
concerned, the festival lasted for an
octave, that is to say, a full week, in-
cluding the Sunday immediately follow-
ing Easter Sunday. A trace of this
manner of celebration is to be seen in
the name that still clings to the latter
day—low Sunday.
Easter is the Christian passover. The
date of its celebration, like that of the
-leepussover of the Hebrews, is calculated
if rom the moon. In the churches of the
East, the Greek, Arm,enian, Syrian and
Coptic rites, the day is observed with
imposing ceremonies. A feature of
these ceremonies is the blessing and
lighting of the paschal candid, which
usually takes place on the day before
Easter proper, holy Saturday. This ob-
servance is retained also in the Latin
church, and is followed to a more or
less extent by some of the extremely
high Episcopalian congregations. In ..the
Latin churches imitations of three nails
made after the fashion of those sup-
posed to have been used at the crucifix-
ion, are driven into the candle, which is
a huge affair, some' times several feet
high. The Easter water is blessed and
the candle dinned into the font con-
taining it. It is then returned to its
pedestal at the gospel side of the altar.
A deacon goes in procession to the rear
pf the church, and at the entrance new
fire is kindled with a flint. Then a three-
fold candlestick in the shape of a "Y"
is taken, and with the new fire one of
the candles is lighted, the deacon at
the same time bowing slightly and
chantlit -in tL low voice, "Ewe lumen
Christi" --"Behold the light of Christ"
The procession proceeds to the centre
of tbe church, where the sanie words
r— are chanted in a little louder tone and
the second candle lighted. When im-
mediately before the altar the deacon
bows profoundly, chants the same words
again, this time alotul, and lights the
third candle. Then the flame of the
paschal candle is lighted. This is sup-
posed to burn at all services for forty
days after Easter.
Joy Aftes Lent. •
In the old• days, when the observance
of Lent was very stria, Easter was wel-
comed as a joyful relief from severe
fasting and heavy penances. It was
hailed as a return to gee, and pleasing
clothing and a throwing off Of the sack-
cloth that was often went. Se to -day
we have a trace of this in our own man -
mer of celebrating. Eatser. Lent is a
season of more qutet apparel than or-
dinary, but • when Easter comes it is
the custom of the fair. sex to blossom
forth in all the colors of the rainbow
and many more shades and tones in be-
tween. Lent is useful, therefore' not
only as a season of retirement andmed-
itation,' but also as a thne for the pre-
paration of brilliant raiment • and those
gorgeous articles of headgear which can
only be described as "stunning crew.
tions."
The celebration of Easter varies in
many countries. Each nation or race has
something in it peculiar to itself. In Am-
erica, of the prominent features of the
day is the "Easter parade" after church.
This is a thing which in big.rcities be-
comes a really wonderful sight. It is
the time when men and wamen take ad-
vantage; of the opportunity to see nad be
seen, and in view of the bright colors and
new gorments the temptation to dra.w
a patella involving Soloinon and all Ids
glory is a hard one to resiiit.
The ceremonies during Easter week in
Jerusalem are uninue. 'Pe no other coun-
try are such peculiar sights to be wit-
nessed as in this 'city ,of pilgrims. Rus-
sians, French Armenians, 'Copts, Ahys-
sinians and dyrians all are attracted to
Jerusalem for this festive oecasien. They
swarm through the town, giving to the
streets at times a rainbow -like ttppear-
ance with their many eolored garments
stud &miens headgear, and the gay ban-
nerse in the religious processions of the
French ,and at others the semblance of
zome Niteroi pageant, with the long, sot -
emit processions of the Russians, in
their somber and shabby pet -smelts,
marching through the town, singing har-
monious hymns. Some few of the pil-
grims are distingnishea by rankor
wealth, but meet of them are poor, weary
mortals, who spend their all to visit the
maul places,and whose only reeompenee
for the %strike is the realization of
If
their life's dream—to witness the des.
cent of the holy fire over the tomb of
Chrisst in Jerusalem. Here and there are
English and Ainerican tourists, with field
glasses and guide books in hand, led by
Arab cicerones.
In the midle of the town stands an an.
tique building, the outward appearance
0 which hardly seems that of 4 church.
Yet as ono looks down on the city frown
the surrounding hills the two domes of
the edifice stand out as the inost promin-
ent cupolas amidst the many domes and
minarets in the picturesque Panorama of
the city. •
The Church of the Holy ISepulehre,
where all the great services arp perfoems
etl, was built by' order of Queen Helena
in 330 over the supposed site of the tomb
of Jesus Christ, which she is said to have
miraculously discovered, The church and
the surrounding convents form the vener•
able pile of buildings -which rises in sill.
emu grandeur toward the north of the
city.
Magnificent Sanctuaries.
Within the precincts of the church
are many altars of different ages and.
a collection of religious curiosities to
which attach many strange traditions
from the time of Adam to Christ, In-
numerable lamps perpetualy shed a
mellow light over the otherwise gloomy
and heavily laden chapels in the interior
of the building. For the church con-
sists of numerous small chapels belong-
ing to the various Christian sects who
worship there. These sanctuaries vary
in magnificence, the Greeks and Latins
owning the shrines of greatest splendor.
The Armenians also show a rich dis-
play beside the poor and unadorned
chapels of the Konts and Syrians.
Each chapel has its own traditions,
here the Chapel of the Parting of the
Vestments and of the Crown of Thorns,
and there the Chapel of the Stone of
Unction. There are many historical
relies from crusader's days. The sacred
rites are common to all, the principal
ones being Cavalry and the Chapel of
the Tomb.
Cavalry, the scene of sacred tragedy,
is situated above a long flight of steps
leading to a dimly lighted chapel. Three
hetet; show the places where the crosses
were inserted, and even the cleft in the
rook made by the earthquake es shown
here. Every nook in the immense
building is filled with chapels and al-
tars. The thousands of pilgrims who
prostrate theinselves before them be-
lieve implicitly in the genuineness of
these shrines.
In the centre of the large basilica be-
neath the centre dome is It large chapel
covering the site of the tomb. It con-
tains a marble sarcophagus which is
highly polished by the constant kisses
of the pilgrims. Forty-five .gold and
silver lamps hanging from the ceiling
are kept alight continually. In this
narrow sanctuary a ceaseless stream of
pilgrims from every land ean be seen
filing in and out of the low door, offer-
ing candles and kneeling before the
empty tomb, kissing it and shedding
tears of adoration. In front of it is the
Angel's Chapel, where the marble slab
is exhibited which the angel rolled away
from the tomb of the resurrection.
In Solemn Procession.
During Easter week services are per-
petually going on within this greatest
of churches in Palestine. Franciscan
monks can be seen on Good Friday
marching in solemn procession, miry-
ing banners and crucifixes to the various
"Stations of the Cross." These are met
by Armenian worshippers, whose mon-
otonous drone makes a strange contrast
to thd deep chanting of the Latins. In
the Koptic chapel are dark -faced men,
heavily turbaned, wearing large loose
robes, and closelyeveiled women squat-
ting on the floor. In every corner are
pilgrims devoutly kneeling or else lying
on their comfortablesoundly sleeping
while awaiting the hour of their own
services. For they. do not consider it a
sacrilege to eat and even sleep within
the sacred edifice, using the church as
a temporary home.
At the mitrance of the church is a
lofty Gothic portal -and a beautiful.
facade from crusader ays, with a dou-
ble doorway and sculptured friezes,
showing a strange combination of
Romanesque architecture, surrounded by
oriental imagery. On Shrove Tuesday
a very interesting ceremony takes place
in the large annit before the church.,
The Greek patriarch, in presence of hun-
dreds of pilgrims, washes the feet of
twelve priests.
On a Saturday morning, preceding
Easter may be witnessed the ceremony
of "The Holy Fire" within the anaient
building. .After passing through sev-
eral narrow, crooked and stony streets
and some steep aseents mostly dark-
ened .by .high walls and overhanging
houses,houses, one arrives at the "Sul:, or
bazaar leading to the church. This is
lined with soldiers. All round are ven-
ders, sitting cross-legged on the stone
pavements, their relics—rosaries, crosses
and curious Greek pictures of saints—
spread on a • colored mat before .them,
Every terrace and window and house-
top near by is crowded with spectators
—men in *bright garments and woi,nen
shrouded in white sheets sitting in pic-
turesque groups, shading their eyes from
the dazzling sunlight.
' Throngs of Worshippers.
Frotn this court one may enter a low
doorway into the basilica. In a deep
recess are Turks, smoking and drinking i
coffee. The rotunda of the church s
brilliantly illuminated by hundreds of
gorgeous lamps, shedding a bright light
on the bended forms of pilgrims mutter-
ing prayers before gilded altars and on
the dense mass of Russians wedging
their way toward tlie Chapelof the
Tomb in order to station themselves
close to the door of the tomb before
the service comences.
Visitors are led to a gallery running
round the rotunda which is already fill-
ing with Ameriean and English tourists.
Above are balconies in the cupola, &ens
pied by Greek ladies svhd fear the crush
below, as one looks down from the
'height the chapel of the tomb rises in
grotesque magnitleence, encircled by .
eea of thousands of restless heads, some
bare and some turbaned. Every eiche
in the building is filled with 'pilgrims)
and visitors. A passage three feet wide
is kept open by lines of soldiers with
guns in hand. Along this passage it
pression of devotees begins to rush
around the chapel, diming and shout-
ing furiously. Five or six parties
stle-
ceed eaels other in this wild race, each
vying with the others in the number
of cirenits accomplished.
A Strange Performance,
This strange nerformanee continues
for several hours, the enthusiasts now
carrying each other -erect OA their shout -
deed and now running in phalanx, four
of five abreast,. group clashing against
group hi the returning raw, and even
overthrowing one another as the speed
inereasee; now dragging each other
along the iloor and now leaping isrito
one another's backs, their fierce coun•
tenanets flushed by excitement atd the
ire of fanittieism in their eyes, RS they
beseechingly implore the fire to descend
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and save them. The pavement soon
becomes strewn with cape and shreds of
garments, Loud kyrie eleisons resound
through the church, intermingled with.
shouts and applause. The Greeks are
soon joined by the Kopts and Armen-
ians, who bring in a new element of
confusion, in the noicei of drums and
cymbals. . Tawny .Arabs, with bare
limbs and chests, some with long
streaming hair and others with closely
shaven heads also appear in the fanatic
dance, tossing their arms wildly about,
their weird cries and their curious at-
tire presenting a heathenish spectacle
rather than one of 'Christian devotion.
Cries arise from all sides, responding to
the song of the erratic procession:
"Christ the Son of God hes died for
1184his is the tomb of Jesus Christ,"
"God save the sultan."
Racing round with tremendous rap-
idity, heedless of trampling over the
worshippers, they even grasp hold of a
priest and carry him erect triumphantly
around the sepulchre.
On each side of the chapel is a round
opaing from which the fire is th isSno
forth. Around these openings the people
press eagerly, so as to receive the flame.
pure from heaven. A few fortunate per-
sons buy the privilege of standing close
to the tomb. Suddenly the priest who
had paid the largest sum appears, clad
in a yellow silk robe. At aboat 2 o'clock
the pasha arrives atended by his train,
preceded by lea -asses with staves to
clear the way. Now a procession of bish-
ops and arcnoishops, gorgeously attired,.
in lose silk vestments of white and gold
and gilded miters, and of Greek priests,
with long black hair twisted in braids
under their tall black hats, bearing torch-
es and splendid silken banners, enter,
chanting solemnly a beautiful litany,
which is almost lost in the persistent
shouts of the fanatics. The procession
makes the circuit three times.
As the "Bishop of the Fire" appears
before the tomb a hush falls upon the
congregation, which waits breathlessly
for the great event. On every face is a
look of expectancy, in every heart a sil-
ent prayer for the miracle to be vouch- •
safed. More vehemently than ever they
press toward tbe church.
, The Momentous Signal.
The Kady at last gives the signal. The
bishop, taking off his outer vestments,
cuts the Wine with winch the door of
tombs of ancient chiefs.
Leaving the church one may see pil-
grims daubing pieces of linen with the
melting wax. These would then serve
as final shrouds, and would have the
efficacy, through, the merits of the
celestial fire, to preserve them from the
flames of hell.
Now the pilgrims flock to the Jordan
to bathe in its sacred waters. After
this they feel assured of having won
eternal salvation.
The Origin of Easter.
The question of the origin of Easter
is not a matter of theology, but of the
science of comparative religion. Its
mode of observanee and its meaning to
those who celebrate it are, on the other
hand, purely religious, to which bare
reference ean be made here. In none of
the encyclopedias or other books in
whieli it may be expected that the ori-
gin of the festival of Easter would be
•
gtuy an ism
ex s ive y is
any very satisfactory account to be
found. As a rule writers have been
content to trace the name of the
Teutonic goddess of the fourth month,
April, the goddess of Ostara or Eostre-s-
and then we read all about the peculiar
modes of its observance and the odd
customs associated -with the feast.
The assigning of an origin to the
modern name is the least part of the
task of the searcher for the origin of
the festival itself. It is a commonplace
that many of the Teutonic customs and
names were accepted by the Christian
missionaries of early times, so as to
make the progress or the new faith
snore acceptable to the inhabitants of
Anglo-Saxon lands. Of course the
Christmas tree is far older than Chris-
tianity in Europe, just as the deity
Ostara is. et
But the adthal origin of the Christian
festival must be looked for in the place
in which Christianity itself originated.
There ses no doubt that Palestine was
the ground upon which Christianity
grew up and the New Testament ac-
count of the last week in the life of
Jesus offers sufficient baeis of the feast
of Easter, even though there is no trace
of the cetebration of Easter in the New
Testament or in the writings of the
apostolic fathers of the church.
A passage in I. Corinthians, v. 7, is
cited sometimes as evidence that Easter
was observed be: the early Christians,
u its purpose is exactly the opposite.
the tomb is fastened, and sealed and en- Although it states, "For even Christ
ters in, shutting the door after him. The
our Passover is sacriflced for us," the
next moment the whole edifice resounds -
with the joyful annedneement that the
plain reference is not to any observance
fire is kindled. The priest nearest to the of Passover by Christians, but rather
tse
opening draws out a lighted silver lamp,
o the opposite, for it was Paul's pulpose to pit aside all Jewish practices
fasbioned to shield the sacred fire. The •
p
and he Intended here to state that in ilgrims nearest their tapers from
the death of Jesus lay the final disposal
it, and others receive the precious fire
from them. Thus fromiaper to taper the of the Passover festival.
light is spread with marvelous rapidity How Day Was Fixed.
till as by it magic wand the light has • Origen says, "The Christian who
passed from north to south, and from: dwells on the truths of Christ as our
east to west, to every corner and nook
of the great church, from tPassover and the gift of the Holy
he basilica to
the galleries and balconies of the cupola, Ghost is every day keeping an Easter
, which had been
and the whole building,
and penteeostal feast," and other of the
brilliantly illuminated before, becomes e
earliest Christian authorities are of the
a
very dream of fairy lights. The dome isame opinion. As early as the seeonds
century (147), however, a pope decreed
ablaze with tamers which have been let
the observance of Easter on Sunday in -
dawn to catch fire•enul the roof casts a
stead of upon the regular Passover, as
nutgniflcent reflection of Rid and. red on
the animated faces. Looking down one
was the custom of the earliest Chris -
sees a dazzling spectacle of briliancy. tines, who were drawn from among the
The torches being waved to and fro by Jews.
the swaying multitude cast a reflection One fact which undoubtedly influenced
of myriads of tiny lights in the glitter- these first Christians very powerfully
inggold, and silver decorations around was that of the "last supper" having
the Church. A resplendent backe•round of been a Pasover feast, according to Luke,
glided figures of saints and angels 'en- xxii., 15, "And he said unto them. with
circles the throng. The scene is one ofdesire I have desired to eat this passover
victorious tritunple 'combined with con- with you before I suffer," and thereaf
flict still, for tbe antagonistic sects ex- ter- he gave the disciples the wine and
tinguish each other's tapers while endea- bread, in accordance with the accepted
young to keep*their own alight and safe manner oesf ctehleebsruagtigieigsttiohne Passover.eThhaart.
from thbreeeAgThraesipicsolfisoitnbebr
othehereht rs.
gowns rush 1 ist is self-evident, but apart from the
off, carrying
ten lamps to their churches. subject now in hand, which is the trae-
'Others run barefoot to the convents and. mg of Easter itself.
villages for miles around on this mad- Thefixing of the day for the observ-
torious errand.
ance of Easter was the cause of wide dif-
Cry of Thanksgiving.
even now the Roman and Greek churches
ferences among the early Christians and
• rsal cry of thanksgiving arises
from the thousands of pilgrims assem-
bled, accoinpanied by fanatical shouts
and shrieks which are simply appalling.
Bells ring. merrily. to proclaim the
advent of the miracle to all Jerusalem.
The bishop emerges trom the tomb,
leolding bundles of tapers three feet
long, with which to, light the candles
in his own chapel. Betwen his haste
and the Wren of the multitude anxious
to light their tapers from his he falls
and his long White beard takes fire.
Being too unnerved to proceed further,
he is lifted by piliirims and carried into
his chapel.
Presently the pilgrims begin extin-
guishing the lights with their handker-
chiefs, which they will henceforth *cis -
me for life. The women, devoutly cross-
ing themselves, press the tapers to
'their bare breasts and then relight them
again and again. The men put theirs
to their faces and beards with the sup-
position that they would not burn like
earthly firel.
In former days at this climax a dove
was let loose from the 'cupola to fur-
ther mystify the pilgrims by the mirac-
ulous descent of the emblem of the
Holy Ghost.
. One wonders if this strange ceremony
fs tt relic of the fire worship of old. It
18. a peculiar sight in these days of en-
lightenment. Or it inay be it rerainis-
differ on this point. The Jewish Christ-
ians observed Easter according to the
Jewish calculation of the Passover, and
the gentile Christians'adhered to the ob-
servance of that Sunday nearest to the
season as the memorial of the resurrec-
tion. The attention of this usage by the
Roman Christians early in the second
century established the principle for all
Christendom, but the movable character
of the feast was retained, and so it hap-
pens that the Jewish Passover and Christ -
tan Easter often come nearly together.
Like the Passover.
The close connection of Passover and
Easter is thus proved, both from the
text of the gospels and its later mode of
observance, as a glance at the modern
ceremonials connected with the Passover
will iluetrate.
. Israelites assemble in their homes to
observe the entrance of the Feast of the
Passover with due solemnities. lepon the
white cloth covering the dining table are
three platers, one containing three tin
leavenen eakee, or matzoth; another the
roasted shankbone of a lamb and an egg,
and on the third some green herb, midi as
lettuce or horse radish and parsley; a
eup of vinegar or salt water and a mix-
ture of finely chopped almonds and ap-
ples, sprinkkd witit cinnan on. A glass or
cup stands at caeh place, and even the
poorest Hebrew servant finds it seat ready
for hint or her.
.eence of Arab funeral games round the The ,entire home cerentomal is called
• • . • •
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the Seder or "Order," because of the
special order of procedure re.r peculiar
arrangement of the table. %he master
of the house leads the service, which
consists of special blessings for the feast
of unleavened bread, and after drink-
ing the first eup of wine he dips the
parsley into the salt water and passes
it aronnd the table so that each may
have -a piece, while the leader blesses
the "Creator of the fruit of the earth."
The Middle unleavened cake is then
broken, and seizing the lamb bone he
invites all of this needy to enter and
eat of the memorial of the "bread of
affliction," which the Israelites ate itt
Egypt. Even the children take part in
the celebration, for the youngest is re-
quired to read a portion of the service
inquiring the meaning of the feast,
which is answered by the head of the
household, who refers him to the eman-
cipation of the Israelites from Egypt as
the cause of the rejoicing.
Leader lliust Explain.
The leeder is required to explain the
festival to all classes of inquirers, to
the intelligent person who inquires for
its origiu, to the wieked one who merely
asks, "Why do you perform all this?"
to the unintelligent inquirer who simply
asks, "What is all this about?" and he
must even ask the uninquisitive person
who does not raise any question whether
he understands it. These four persons
have been oddly pictured in quaint illus-
trations found. in the little books used.
for this ceremonial, called Hagadah, or
"relation," because there is the whole
story of the career of early Israel.
Among the other odd illustrations
more interesting than artistic are pic-
tures of Abraham crossing the river by
a bridge, the popular origin of the word
Hebrew, incidents of the life in Egypt,
such as Moses hidden in the bullrushos,
slaying the Egyptians and pleading be-
fore Pharaoh and the ten plagues.
Origin of Nursery Tale.
It is on this night that the celebrated
tale on the order of "the house that jack
built" is recited. Here it is a little kid
(Israel) that is bought and persecuted. It
is eaten by a eat, which is eaten by a
dog, that is tossed by a hull, etc. All
is symbolic, eaeli of the animals repre-
senting one of the nations that in turn
have persecuted Israel and been destroy-
ed by one another until at last God will
have mercy on his people and revenge
them upon their powerful enemies.
The close connection of Easter and
Passover makes the observance of the
Passover, which has altered but little
during the lapse of centuries, of special
interest. There are some special features ,
of the Passover celebration worthy of
note as illustrative of a breeder charac-
ter than is usually assigned to it. Just as
the Passover has been transformed into
Easter and the feast is memorial of the
"going out from Egypt" has become to
Christendom the feast of the resurrection
of Jesus, so Passover itself is a trans -
It will be remembered that when Moses
formation of an earlier festival.
appproaehed Pharaoh to beg him to let
the people of Israel go, it was on the
plea that they wised to celebrate a feast,
and there was no word of any emancipa-
tion then. Pharaoh is not surprised, for
it is the season of a feast in Egypt, and
the Israelites, who had been residing in
Egypt for centuries, probably adopted
many of the feasts of the Egyptians.
Ceremonies of the Passover.
The ceremonies connected with the
Passover may furnish _a clue to this
feast. There are several significant esti- ;
cles on the Passover table—the parsley, '
the egg and lamb and the unleavened
bread. The season at which tbe festival '
takes place seems to us to be significant
of springtime in Egypt of Palestine. it
was the season of the first or spring her -
vest, and the offering of the bread and
lamb points to these being the first fruits
of the early harvest brought before the
god. The egg is a universal symbol of
life, in accordance with the ancient die -
tum, "everything conies from an egg," so '
that here, too, is an indication of the or-
iginal character of the feast.
• Upon an examination of the customs
of the ancient Egyptions, we find that, '
as was to be anticipated, they did ob-
serve a festival of the first fruits at this ,
season in honor of the god Mem. or Min,
the Generator, god of life and all vegeta-
tion. He is represented upon the monu-
ments with hoe or scythe in hand, em-
blematic of his office as patron of agri-
culture. He 'was also considered the god
of animal life, so it was eminently fitting
that sacrifices of the first fruits and of
the first of the flock should be brought
to him on his festival. .
A GUARANTEE TO MOTHERS.
•
There is only one medicine intended
for use amonginfants and young
children that gives mothers a guaran-
'ates and
tee that
poisonous soothing stuffs. That medicine
is Baby's Own Tablets. Milton L. Her-
sey, M. Se., public analyst for the Pro-
vince of Quebec, and demonstrator in
chemistry for McGill University says:
"I hereby certify that I have made
careful itnnbiSis of Baby's Own •Tablet
which I personally purchased in a drug
store in Montreal, and said analysis has
failed to detect the presence of any opi-
ate or norcotie in them." These tablets
cure all minor ailments of little ones,
such as teething troubles, simple fevers,
colds, constipation, diarrhoea, colic and
worms. They make little ones sleep
naturally because they remove the cause
of sleeplessness. They are a boom to all
mothers and no home where there are
young children should be without a box
of Baby's Own Tablets. Sold by all med.
icine dealers, or by mail at 25 cents a
box from the Dr. Williams :Wahine
Co., Brockville, Ont.
:-
EASTER.
The silver horn of Easter sounds,
Over the fields and hills;
Sins are forgiven, winter has flown,
Gladness all nature fills.
Smiles must come with the glad blue sky,
Flowers drink in the dew.
Birds are saving their morning prayer,
The sun makes all things new.
Blessing and blest, the springtime comes.
Banish all thought of sorrow;
The air is filled from earth to .sky
With notes the insects borrow.
Life and joy is our heritage.
With the springtime gladness,
The earth high carnival keepeth tow.
There is no time for sadness.
Our hearts will thrill' to natures songs,
Our souls iu worship rise,
Till we sing, and sing, to the varied
maredi
Of nature's great surprise.
lint why this universal song?
Why loin in the gled refrain?
'Yea, we'll swell the ehorus of earth and
.kvmh, heaven sends back the strain.
The resurreetion morn has rome!
The stone is rolled nway,
glorious angel guards the tomb,
For Clivist is risen to -day.
The iey bonds of refill," death
• Ilnret inlo life and glory.
While Ifolv- -the Angel at the Tomb,
itringe us the heavenly ;story.
P. t.
HEALTH IN SITINt
Nature Needs Assistance in Mak.
lag New licallikgiving Blood.
Spring is the season when your sys-
tem needs toning up. In, the spring you
1111151; WINO new blod just as the trees'
must hew new sap. Nature demands it.
Without new bleed you will feel weak
and languid; you may have twinges of
rheumatism or neuralgia, occasional
headaches, 4 variable appetite, pimples
or eruptions of the skin, or a pale, pasty
complexion. These are certain ague that
t to blood is out of order. The only sure
way to get new blood and fresh energy
Is to take Dr. 'Williams' Pink Pills, Itte.y
actually make new, rich blood—they are
the greatest spring tonic in the world.
Dr. Williams' Rink Rills clear the skin,
drive out disease end make tired, des
pressed men and women bright, active
and. strong. Mr. Neil IL.McDonald, Est -
mere, N. B., says; "It gives Inc great
satisfaction to state that I have round
Dr. Williams' Pink Pills all that is
claimed for them. I was completely run
down, my appetite was poor and J. suf.
fered much from severe headaches. Doc-
tors' medieine did not give me the need-
ed relief, so I decided to try DaWilliams?
Pink Pills. I used only a few boxes when
iny lcd floreanwnin
inerheealthar.lturned, and now 1
ik
Dr. Williams' Pink Pills are not only
the best spring tonic, but are a cure
for all troubles due to poor blood or
shattered nerves. That is why they cure
headaches and backaches, rheumatism,
anaemia, kidney and liver troubles, and
the special secret ailments of women
and growing girls. But you must get
the genuine, with the full name, "De•Wil"
hams' Pink Pills for Pale People'" print-
ed on the wrapper around each box.
Sold by all medicine dealeie or sent by
mail at 50 cents a box or six boxes for
$2.50, by writing the Dr. Williams' Medi -
elite Company, Brockville, Ont.
:
11111rAlly 41116.0•Oh• lb.. ilk
' •treerneormelestereseeressespese=
110W TO SECURE IIIBUQUALITV
OF ctieusE AND BUTTER
Producers of milk and cream would
serve their .owit interests to consider
carefully at this time the facilities al -
'
forded for the manufacture of a brat.
' class product by the factory or cream-
ery which they expect to patronize dnr-
ing the coining season. The Provincial
Government has engaged a staff Ruin.
cient to give instruction at a very mod.
erste cost—less than one-half the actual
outlay—to all creameries and factories
which make application at once. If the
patrons of cheese factories are alive to
their best interests, they will 04e to
that the proprietor or manager secures
an instructor to give monthly vieite and
point out to the maker mistakes la
methods, suggestions as to improvement
in quality so an to meet the demands of
the inarket as nearly 45 possible, defects
in equipment, the need for greater clean-
liness, ithe necessity for proper tempera-
ture ll curing, the proper disposal of
whey, etc.
The instructor will also ineke it his
business to test the individual samples
of milk, not only for the butter -fat con-
tents, but for the detection of undesir-
able flavors. By taking a small sample
from each lot and. making a curd test,
the instructor is able to detect the lot
or lots which are causing trouble in man-
ufacture. He very often finds that trou-
ble arises from milk produced by it pat-
ron who has the best of buildings, and is
apparently following the most up-to-date
methods in cooling and caring for bia
milk. A rusty can, or con with seams not
properly soldered, musty surroundings,
proximity to hog -peas, etc., may be
causes of contamination.
Proper tanks or cans in which to gath-
er cream, the assurance that, the cream,
gatherers understand their business thor-
oughly, and are giving each patron pre'.
per credit, are of vital importance to
patrons of creameries. Instructors will
also be prepared to visit the farm and
instruct the producers as to the best
methods in settling milk for the separa..
tion of cream, the running of separators,
proper utensils, washing and care of
separators. the proper thickness of the
cream, the necessity for keeping alt
cream sweet until called for by the gath-
erers. ete.
Do you wish to have the services oe
an experienced man vim is devoting Ms
whole time to the work, to give advice
and instruction to your maker, as well
as to yourself, throughout the season?
If so, see that the proper party makes
application for an Instructor at once.
This is a duty which every Reducer
owes to himself, as well as to our most
important agricultural industry. If the
place which we now hold in the foreign
market is to be retained, greater effort
must be put forth by both producers and
manufacturers to see thatthe quality of
the product is maintained and improertal.
Applications for instruction should
made as follows:
Por places east of Toronto—G. G. Pub -
low, Kingston.
For places west of Toronto, including
the coanties of York ami Simcoe—G. H.
Barr, London, Ont.
EASTER EGOS IN
ALL COUNTRIES. $
Avhelliwilrali.."416-400^411•,110046,46,.‘frioy.4
Easter eggs play, an impOrtant
part in heathen as well as Christian
countries. Bofors thee Cbristla,n era,
eggs formed a. part of pagan wpr-
ship and were syrabolic of the awak-
ening of nature after the long win-
ter months. After the coming of
Christ they were retailed sis tokens
by the early Christians, and though
not worshipped In that sense as the
Lea,theas did, eggs were used In de-
corations in the churches when' the
anniversary of Christ's resurrection
was celebrated.
The first. tIhristia.n Church ;n
Egypt adopted the egg of the os-
trich. as symbolic of faith, and tile
custom is still observed to Ms day
in the East. Before the high altar,
with. its six sliver lamps, ostrich
eggs are suspended In the form of a
wreath, some of them without or-
namentatton and others containing
the most exquisite designs.
In the Orient eggs play an lin-
pirtant part as an 'article of coin-
raerce, mad the Soudan supplies hun-
dreds for the market. In the sprin.g
of the year they are in great de-
mand, and artists aro kept busy coy -
eying them with beautiful designs.
One of these eggs is on exhibition
In the Mese= of Art, in Detroit,
and on its shell 'is engraved repre-
sentations of inen and animals sim-
ilar to the recently discovered works
of art in The old ruins near Cairo.
In Japan a similar custom pre-
vails, and the eggs of the Australian
ostrich. aro made use of by Japan-
ese artists for representing all the
weird imaginings of their versatile
minds. Mlany of them are beauti-
fully painted, but as a rule the nat-
ural bluisll hue I tho egg is re.
tamed and the enkravings thereon
shaded accordingly. Beautiful land-
scapes are engraved on the shells, as
well as portraits and scenes of daily
life in japan.
In the isountrles bordering on the
northern coast of Africa ostrich
eggs are also held sacred for pur-
poses of Worship, and they are re-
garded as of great value. They are
ornamented In various w,ays and
form a part of church and house
decoration. On each end of the egg
a verse from the Koran Is engraved,
and the body proper contains a scene
on the 'Nate, with a small sailing
vessel in the foreground, while the
'background gives a glimpse of the
Sphinx and the pyramids.
South America alsofollowe the cue -
tom, end In the Argentine Republic
every little store in the main street
has on exhibition eggs of all colors
and designs on the first spring day,
as announced by the calendar. One
pArticular design is usually adopted,
showing it planter astride of his
horse, with a young girl sitting be-
hind him. Anothee popular design
contains on one side a map of the
Republic, and on the other side two
clasped bands, with a liberty eap
below and the rising sun above. Snutll
geometrical legume enclose the de-
sign. The designs: are engraved ra-
ther deep, which is considered an art
Itself.
'rhis custein Is centuries old, and
the ornamentation of Raster egge is
regarded- as a great work of art
in the countries of the Rist. 10 fact,
the history or art in those far off
lands really had Its birth In the crude
designs which embryonic arti st
first etched on the shells ot ostrich
eggs. Strange to say, however, the
'United States has not as yet follow,
ed in the footsteps of other iia -
tions in this regard, though the day
seems not tar distant Wien some of
the prettiest designs by the artists
of the day will be found an eggshells
wlen Easter comes, and will fortis
a part of our home decorations.
EASTER C-OMPOKT,
'/ion's Herald.)
An angel sat beside the tomb.
'Mat day so long ago.
When Mary for the :1Iasiter sought
in Joseph's garden low -
An augel clad in white array.
With shining face, who said
To tlioNe sod mourners, bowed tvitil
grit f,
"'Why here omong the dead
•
Seek ye the living? Vo shall see
Your vieen lend in Galileee
Death veluml hole its torsi."
To -day. le40c eaelt tomb. behold
The same glad angel wait.
'Ridding the grief -bowed mourner re,,e
In faith both joy elate,
No longer t beneath air And,
the realm of 'death.
For one now passea heyousl its sorty.
"Arise! te glad:" lie saith
"Yon, too., your risen T.Ord shall see, •
Por earth hall% still its Oalilee.
Where he shell skeet hie own.*
SOME SPRAYING MIXTURES
Laurel Green.
A new preparation ,under the name of
Laurel Green, is on the market, and is
offered for sale as it substitute for Paris
green. It also claims virtue as a fungi-
cide. A chemical analysis shows it to
contain arsenic, copper and lime and sul-
phuric and carbonic acids. These same
substances would be found in a mixture
of Paris green and Bordeaux mixture
after drying. The eopper and arsenic
were determined.
Copper (0u) ..,10.00 per cent.
Arsenic (Ao203) ... .7.75 per cent.
Bug Death.
While it may be possible to combine
both insecticidal and fungicidal proper.
ties in the same compound, there may be
some doubt about the economy of de-
pending upon such preparations to ant
as fertilizers also. Nevertheless, in the
advertising matter aceompenying a sam-
ple of Bug Death, the following state-
ment is made:
"I will undertake to guarantee it, as
not only is it a fungicide and insecticide,
but, as well, it acts as a fertilizer. lt is
sure death to all the tribe of bugs from
A to Z ,and it will prevent potato blight,
all of which diseases are formidable in
the northern and eestern States. Bug
Death is a tenacious powder, and wher-
ever it takes hold it serves its purpose."
—W. IL Morse, M. D., F. S. S., Consult-
ing Chemist.
OPERATION AVOIDED
EXPERIENCE OF MRS. GLENN
She Was Told That an Operation Was
Inevitable. How She Escaped It
When a physician tells a woman suf-
fering with ovarian or womb trouble
that an operation is necessary, the vet7
thought of the knife and the operssting
table strikes terror to her heart, and
our hospitals are full of women coming
for ovarian or womb operations.
There are eases where an operation
is the only resource, but when one con-
siders the great number of eases of
ovariau and womb trouble cured by
Ls.dia E. Piukhoin's Vegetable Com-
pound after physicians have advised
opera ions, iso woman should subunit to
one wSthont first trying, the Vegetable
Compound and writing eIrs. Pinkham,
Lytm, Mass, for advice, which is free.
Mrs. Robert Glenn, of 434 Marie St.,
Ottawa, Ont , writes:
11°411s. -
117
4as Vegetable Compound
is so v.:tatted widely known that it does not
ueed my reeommondation ; but 1 ata pleaS(14
to add it to the many nhieli yen have in its
favor. I suffered untoltittgoales fi out ovarian
troubles for nearly three years, and the does
tors told me that 1 110.1%. 1.11.3.arga an opera.
eon: but asi was unwilling to do this, 2 tried
your e ensemble Compound, and I tun only too
pleased flint 1 dia so, for it restored hie to per.
tea health, saving me the pain of an elevation
Ala the immense bills attending the same."
Oc arian and womb troubles are stead-
ily ou the inerease among woinen. If
the monthly periols are ver,v painful,
er too frequent iutd ,• sou
have pain or swelling low down in the
loft side, bearing down pains, leueor.
chem. don't negleetyinirself • try Lydia'
l'iniclaton's Vegetable Compoirld.
1