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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance, 1909-09-30, Page 3MR, HARRIMAN S DEALS. "of Maly Railroad Transactions Which Made Him Famous, aod Marked by Unusual Shrewdness. (The NeW York Stna) In the early_ day% of the Stook Ex-• eliellgo Mr. Haub:eau else .took ad- vantage 01 fortunate accittaintaneee. Stuyvesant Ftele who began his career in the finitneial district at about the Mae time, was one Of the ineae portant of them. We Fish had cons nectione which. meant good business to a broker in the way of emnipleidons anie Mr. Harriman profited frorn them. Presently he organized the Stock Exchange firm of Harriman & Co., still in exietence, though Mr. Harriman long ago retired from it. Ile remained a member of the Stock Exchange, however, up to the time of his death. Stuyvesant Fish's frienclahip was turned to even better a.ccount a few years later when in 1883'Mr. Fish was made vice-president of the Illinois Central. Mr. Fish as soon as pos- sible used his influence to secure the eleetion of his friend Harriman to the Illinois Central board, Xt turned ont later that this was the worst move in railroad politics that Mr. Fish ever made for himself, tor, as is well known, it was Mr. Harriman who put Mr. Fish out of the board 01 directors and the presidency in later years. By the same token it was as heppy a development for Harriman as it was unhappy for Fish. The opportunity to realize the dream of railroad empire came through this connection, with Kuhn, Loeb & Co., in that period of the first McKinley ad- ministration when Wall street was engaged in resurrectirig the dead bodies of suspended railroads. The Union Pacific was one of them and one of thein that seemed to some of the mbst poweeful reorganizers dead beyond the hope of resurrection. Mr. Harriman had studied it closely though differently and persuaded his bankers to think as he did. The un - shot was that when the government sold the road at auction the bankera had a syndicate organized and put in the successful bid. The Vander - bilis and Goulds, the Ameses of Bos- ton and jamas Stillman, of .the City Bank were in the syndicate, and out, alders, knowing little of Harriman and caring less, considered him as its least important mezzeber. In cur- rent parlance the syndicate was char- acterized as a Vanderbilt syndicate and the Union Pacific was put In the list of the Vanderbilt roads. The syndicate paid the _government about $60,200,000 for the 1,800 miles of poor track and worn out equipment then owned by the company and paid an additional sum to bondholders and for the purchase of minor tributary lines. It then brought out a reor- ganized company with $100,000,000 bonds, $75,000,000 preferred stook and $61,900,000 common, The common, note worth, not far from double its 'par value, was divided up all around. Most of the remaining securities were turned over to the syndicate to reim- burse it for its advances to the gay- ernment and to bondholders and for 44" the purchase of minor lines. . • • In the early days of the syndicate it was Mr. Harriman's Oen to merge the road with the Chicago St North- Western and the New York Central, then as now controlled by the Van- derbilts. The Vanderbilts would have nothing to do with the scheme, end it was up to Mr. Harriman and Kuhn, Loeb & Co., to' get it alone. °W4 the assistance of the bankers and the influence of James Hazen Hyde, vibe - president ef the Equitable Life, whom Mr. Harriman. as a matter of policy put on the„ Union Pacific board, a good market: was found for both the bonds and the preferred stock. Mr. •ilyde took a big block of the pre- ferred stock for the Equitable and sub- scribed individuilly also in that syn- dicate hi Union Pacific prefeered. which became famous in the days of the life insurance investigation and which had much to do with Mr. Hyde's retirement from the ctimpany. Under the new management and under the stimulus of the tremendous business revival of the first MoKinley administration Unien Pacific thrived mightily. The eempany met its in- terest payments, paid preferred stoek dividends -without difficulty and presently had good enoegh credit to float another issue of securities and acquire the Oregon Short Line and. the Oregon Railway & Navigation Compeny. Both lines have proved valuable as parts of the Union Pacific systein, but Oregon Short Line had a great value apart erorn its. useful- ness as a railroad. It had a hroad comprehensive eharter and permitted Mr. Haeriman. to accomplish for him- self and his associates what Lawson promised for his dupes hi Bay State Gas. In later years this Oregon Short Line, thanks to its charter, became the favorite holding emapany for the Union Pacific system and permitted it to make acquisitions of other lines that otherwise would have been im- possible: •••••=*. To this Oregon Short Line in 1001 was turned over e, controlling interest in the feduthern ruffle, a company so superior to Uniori Pacific in mileage And re- sourees at that time that the teens - eaten Was described as certainly one case in which the tail actually did wag the dog. With the Southern Pacific came the Central Pacific, which is con- trolled, and the Union Pacific now did tot end "in the air" at Ogden, but had a direct eentral line to the Paeific eoast at San Francisco. Ifecurvshile as a side line Mt Harri- man had elteconie ieterested in Kansas City Southern, a railroad. built largely with Dutch ineeey front Eansas City et) the Gulf of Galveston, and with the aealstanee of Klee. Loeb & Co. had acquired. control of the Chitago & Alton. ne sea) in control of neither at the time of his death, arid his work with neither did anything to enhanee his reputation either as e reilroria man or a finencier From the Kansas City Seuthern he was ellitinated'after a fight for stock con - trot, le the court* of which it Wag charged that he had let the road tun down and had voted himself, after osteasibly serving /or nothing as chair - Man of the ceeetitive etentnittee, briek ealary at the rate of $25,000 it year, Repreeentetieea of the .,Dutell steek. heelers portrayed hitri at nevt type Of railrofict Wrecker. Mr. garrinuttee friends alwaye hotly denied at itemise - Ste, hut whateeer its truth he never again eppeared in snail a role. 4. The -Obleagis Atitozt traneaetioei was this deal for which Mr. nartimeit hit *modistes were most eherplY triti- dn the ground of inflatimi “durftle* end to-telled teetering of itoekt and bonds, The tyndicitto paia 040,000,0110 tor the teed loci le the *Ours. et reorseetition eeitteetes1 $8,000,000 of old bonds end. $22,000,000 of old (dock let° $54,0011,000 new bonds and $40,000,000 new stock. The traus- ;talon, was old. and fairly well known hi the financial district at the time of the interstate eonunerce eommission'a investigation sof the Ffarriman lines in 1906, but the deteils brought greater general censure on the Thunman party than any other financial teanstictiou. The syndicate, it was shown, had re- ceived or voted itself 30 per cent. dive dend soon after the reorganleation, end had taken the new company's 3 per cent bonds at 65 and sold them to life ineurance compauies, among others at 00. The defence of hir. Herrin= and his associates was that the new capitate eation was justified by the back earnings, put into the property in 'capital expendi- ture, but never capitalized. and in the ' new money expended ou the road in improveinents. and extensions, Tee syndicate pureeese of bonds at 65, it was added, was justified, for a 3 per cent, bond at 05 equalled a 5 per cent bond at par, and the railway at 'the time of reorganization bad no credit sufficient to jestify a borroiiiing at better than ,5 per cent. That the mar- ket priee of the bonds advanced subse- Tien* was due to other circumstances than the credit of the road. One of these circumstances was that the bonde were accepted as proper investment for inset -knee companies and savings banks, n matter that was discussed in the life insurance investigation in connection with the relations between Mr. Harris inan and governor Odell, Having acquired the tTnion Pacific, Southern Patine and Alton prior to. the spring of 1901, Mr. Thereinto and els assomates in thee leer took exoeption to the purchase of the Chicago, Iturlington & enemy by ,Tanies J. Hill and Mr. Hill's associates. They insieted that this ac- quisition threatened the community eif interest among reads in the West and 'Northwest and retaliated by endeavoring to wrest the Northern Pacific from Mr. Hill. The contest led to the Northern Pacific eerner, which eulmineted on May 0, 1901, When Northern Pacific soered to 1,000 end the entire stock market went to pieces. Sheets were permitted by a compromise settlement to °ever their contracts see the contestants got toge- ther to stay the ,panieeeOn the show- down the Hverimen party had a major- ity of sheres, ineluding common aed pre- ferred, but the Hill party, which. had a majority of the commonewas in control of the roaa sa,nd had the rieht to retire the preferred at pare All interests fin- ally .bpuched their holdings of Northern Pacific, Great Northern and Burlington in a new holding, eompany, the Northern Securities Comptuny. Subsequeetly the courts dissolved the Northern Securities Company under the Shetman. Anti -Trust Inweand ordered the return of the stock of the roads to prior holders. This out- come left the Harriman party in control of none of the three roads in the merger, and in this respect was a defeat for it. On the other hand the subsequent appre- ciation of the Great Northern and North- ern Pacific stocks enriched the UniOn Paeific treasury to an areetiet often esti- mated at more then $100,000,900. The bulk or these 'stocks the Union Pacific sold out at a handsome prefit in, 1000 and reinvested the proceeds in stocks of other roads. The Harriman. lines bad secured most of the nioney for the Northern Pacific fight by the tittle of part of an unauthorized issue qf $100e 000,000 "neon Paeific convertible Itende. 'But shortly before the contest Mrtdiaes rimun had been elected a treetee onthe. Egititoble Life laminae* Society. 'arid had borrowed $2,700,000 from that insti- tution, presumebly to defray- in pert his share of the eampaign expenses.- Frosn that time until the life insurahce. laves. tigation in 1905 lie increased. his influ- ence in the Equitable, and when the tow broke oat between Jellies Hazen' Hyde' and President Alexander, Mr. Harriman endeavored to secure control ef the cone pany. The manner in which he woes thwarted by Thomas F. Ryan, who bought up the 'control tieknown to Mr. Harriman, waefully explained in the life insurruice inveseigetten. There also mune out Mr, Herrimen's %neer in the threat against MT, Ryan at th,e time aad in his origination of the phrase, "not yet, but soone' in reply 'to a, question as to whe- ther he had made good his threat. . Neither the defeat in the Norkern Pa- cific cornee nor in the Equitable a;eipettr- ed to discourage Mr. Harriman in the least. Two years after the Northern Pacific cornee he found himself matched 'with James., It. Keene, at this thee se - counted the mint redoubtable market operator of his time. Mr: Keene and bis soreitela,w, Talbot J. Taylor, had. a pool in Southern Pacifie and were emlea,vor- lag to force the management to declare a dividend on the stock. The Harriman igaty controlled about half of Southern Pacifie stock through the Union Pacific and, as filet came out itt the time, of the enter -State Oomineree Commission's in- vestigetioe in 1007, released $30,000,000 of this stock from the Union Pecifie treasury. The obvious hiference has been that this stook was put on the mar- ket to sinash the Keene pool. At any rate, the Keene pool wae smashed, Mr. Keene einoteitering his most costly re- verse. By the sale of Greet Northern and Northeen Pacific stocks, it Was shown, and tenivestment of the proceeds, 45 the telion Pacific and its controlled com- panies had sectited at an expenditure of ithout $150,000,000 these straits: $28,- 000,000 Illinois, Central, $30,500;000 Brie timore & Ohio, $14,000,000 New York Central, $10,000,000 Atchison end steal. ter ...ocks of Saint Paul, Saint Joseph & Grand Mane and Chimige & Northwest. ern, Quite as important as the magnie tilde of these trensactions Was the 'rove. lation Me Herriman's power as pre- sident of Therm Petite!: and Southern Pacific. Ten years before he had been regarded al the least important mem. ber of a sytelleate buying a bankrupt lead, At the later date he was shove to be in absolete control of the biggest of all systems, the direetors having de- putizee entire power to the executive conimittee and the committee having by resolution earned it over to Mr, Herta mem The Central etock aequited by Union Pacific was used effeetively mistieg Steyr/mut Fish front the pee- eh:lenity of the Illinois Ce»tral after along and bitter eontett, That Vas the last ef efr, Untrimanet long and apectecular feehte redivide anti the markets. He made tottqueets afterwerd, but these wale peadeful triumphe and. are etit ef the ettablishment of hatitonious re- latiohs in the taiima and banking fields it the troubled limed of the wink, At the time of Itis death Mv. Hittrititan had either under hie absolute toittrol or Meta or tete uuder his influent() veil - roads with a mileage in. even of 641,600, approXiiitately $4,000,000,000 eapitel end CORNS CliftE" .0 IN 2 , H In113811;Zeit'flgrotTift eorn extractor. t never urns, leaves no sear, contalnanoaciiia; harmiessbecauseeensposed only of healing gums and balms. eine yeses in use. Cure guaranteed. sold by all druggises trie, bottles, Refuse substitutes. PUTNAM'S PAINLESS CORN EXTRACTOR an annual earning powe'r of about 8760,- 000,000. But this broad statement in - eludes, of course, such made as New York Central, Delaware & Iludsou sad glass in which his iefluence, though ims portant, would doubtles not have been paramount had at any time an issue arisen with other sequally • influential direetors. The railroaes that were either akar lenity under Harriman Genteel or were considered under Ms sphere of influence to a greater or less extent were Union Pacifies Sciuthern Peelle), Oregon Sheet Line, Oregon Railway es Navigation, Seri Pedro, Los Angeles & Salt Lake, Saint Joseph & Graud Island, Delaware & Reason, Erie, Illinois Central, New Yet* Central, Baltoraere & Ohio, Bead- ing, Kansas City Southern., Central of Georgia and various smaller lines and Subsidiaries of' the Union Paeifie and New York Ceetral aystenis. He was also director or the Brooklyn Rapid Transit. Equitable Trust Company, Guaranty Trust Company, National City Bank, Night & Day Bank, Railroad Securities Company, Wells -Fargo Netional Bank and* 'Western Union Telegraph Company. Of eraneportation companies other than railroad companies he was in control of the Paoifio Mail Steamship Company, the Portland sk Asiatic Steamship Com- pany and Wells, Fargo & Co. Express. It was reported only last week that Mr, Harriman's plans for later construes eion and development of railroad and other transportation companies contein- plated an expenditure of $300,000,000. .10 • IF WHAT TO EAT IN THE WOODS. As a rule the camper or -traveller in the wilderness will make a great Mistake if he elite too inetch meat, Of course, if he be right out 14, the wilds, where the game is just beg- ging to be shot and eaten, it is hard to resist the temptation. to "kill and eat," but a litele experiment will prove that a certain proportion of the other proteid foods will give better results, both as regards muscular pow- ers and heat production, than meat. Of course such vegetables end fruits as are obtainable should be eaten freely. As all woodsmen know, the dietic standby of the wildetness dweller, whether he be a camper, tramper, or lumberman, is beans—ordinary dry white beans. Combined with these so as to make up a properly "balanced dietary" there should be a certain amount of the starchy goods—vege- tables and fruits. Where these cannot be obtained pilot bread and other crackers which it is possible now- ada,ys to get in large variety, are a partial substitute. Some of the • nut foods >now on the market are at once portable, palatable, and nourishing, but it must be understood that these are proteid foods to be used instead of meat, beans, or peas, and always in very moderate quantities. Lentils (dried) are another proteid food which is easily carried and nutritious. Salted, "corned," or otherwise pre- served meats are of little *value from .any etandpoint. The same preserva- tives 'kill& prevent these meats from utidergoing chemical change outside the body will also preserve them from undergoing the normal chemical change which we call digestion iuside the body. This, of course, applies equally to canned meats, which the dweller in the wilderness will, soon- er or later, find to he a delusion and a snare. "Calmed 'vegetables are of tome slight food value, although here, also, the chemical preservatives interfere with the complete digestion of the vege- tables. Dried fruits and vegetables. which , are now obtainable in large varietime are usually ftee from adul- teration, and are a Valuable addition to the dietary of the dweller in the deep Woods. A rneal of stewed lentils,' "'Boston chips," and soaked evaporated apri- cots, with a few good crackers. and the unconscionable appetite of "all out- doors," would shock the head' waiter at the best New York hotel. But it is a better meal dieteticalle than you would be likely to get from him; and just as palatAle. For when a, man is sojourning in the eidlderness he is not usualy a gourneet.—Dr. W. R. C. Leeson, in the October Outing. t • A Lesson in Tolerance. We know gentlemen who for seventy years and more luxe partaken of meat three times a day ahd of fried potatoes, hot bread, strong coffee, sausage, scrap- ple, hash, pee de foie gate. tea, high balls, claret, champagne Lied all kinds of abominations unto the dietetician without apparent impairment of their health. Ono conspieuous sign of thees sanity is their noninsistence veon this. diet as suited to everybody, babies, for instance, end convelesconts. They watch unperturbed neighbors who think steak and "French fried" the acme of an even - meal, or who devour poached eggs at that sacred funetioh; who Cid lettuce and put sugar on it; who teke cold meat and marmalade for breakfast e who love pit so that they would take it hypoder- nucally if they could. Uronoyed they re- gard their bitter enemies, anted, some of them with scales, attacking their Salisbury eiteakte or their wheat binlee from a torpedo tube, Why will not the shadow of a shade feeders be equally toe emit? The( particular form of intetfee- :nice with personal liberty is contagious and denutede prolept etamping out. At lunitheoa recently en old friend (Meek - ed the writer violently for mingling a eecond cap of cotfee with cream, em- phasizing warmly the aetion of eaffeine on the heatt; he paused only to gulp his fourth liter of German beer.—Moda Journel. Ancient buildings or works cannot be restored in Italy vpithout the eoteent of the Government. fereareeretteetlerherteleelellteterreerrereersleareetereelefteterlerteterlstegteeeiell E F ARM 4. CANADIAN MEAT INSPECTION MeteadeietieseisisieteeleeteatateeeikalleiteidasesetidatieetAteriseitedea iletsidsisedelefieetinT1 The Meat Iuspection Serviee of the Depertmeet of 'Agriculture at Ottetwa ie carried. on under the entliority of the efeet end seemed Foods AO, a Measure which received the royal assent at the prorogation of Peirliernent in Jung, 1007, and mane into operation on Sept, 3 of that year, Present-day Bent -intent in Europe and elsewhere, especially sines the recent re- velations in Chicago, is arrayed very strongly egainet, the use, sa human loose of any meats save those duly inspected and certified by proper governmental au. thority. It was in conformity with this sena- meet, and chiefly with the object of preeerving our valuable export trade in bacon end similar products, that the Meat and Cannued Iroode Act was pass- od, With the view of cleaving up auy ries- underetanding which may exist in the publie mind as to tee axed nature of the legisiation under which the present Meet Inspection Service is conducted, the following explanation is giveu: Before the Meet and (tanned Goode Act WaS introilueed in the House of Commons by the Hou. e'yen.ey Fieher, the Minister of justice was asked for an opinion as to the powers of the Fed- eral Gevernment with reference to meat inepection. His reply was that while these powers undoubtedly warranted the blederal Gov- ernment in undertaltiug the inspection of articles exported. from the Dominien or from one Province to another, there was very graVe doubt as to whether they ivoeld permit of a similar inspeceion of artioles, the trade in which was con- fined within the boundaries of any one Province. 'Ms limitation was especially applic- able to meet inspection, a, subject intl. mately essociated with public health, one of the matters white, since 1872, hits been dealt with altogether by the Pro- vincial authorities. Provision is made either by tho Muni- cipal Act or by the Public Health Act of eech Province, and in some eases by both, for the establishment and earry- Ing on of municipal meat inspection, and that this legielation has, up till now, in too many oases, remained a dead let- ter, or, at Nest, been very ineffeceively enforced, is no feult of the Federal au- thorities, Further, a little eonsideretion will, I thinja demonstrate the utter impossibil- ity of any Federal Department under- taking the supervision,. in ail its rand- fiesitions, of the looal meat trade, in every- town and village throughout the Dominion. On the other hand, under the Provin- cial laws above mentioned, it is quite possible for municipalities to organize, at but little cost a thoroughly effective system of local meat inspection the ma- chinery being in many cases already pro- vided, and the aditional expenditure, therefore, comparatively small. The awakening of the publia con- science on the meat inspection quettion might reasonably be expected as a re- sult of the adoption, by the Federal Gov- ernment, of a policy of inspection of meats for 'export and • interprovincial trade, and the agitation new making it- self felt in many of the larger centres oe population throughout the country is, therefore, not surprising. I am satis- fied that once the Citna,dian public has become seized orthe situation they will insist upon the edoption, letr the various municipal authorities throughout the countey, of a mud. more ehoreuefi sys- tpm of dealing- with butcheis end the meat 'trade generally then has hitherto been tolerated. Itedoes not appear to me that there is any need for, or likelihood of conflict. We are setting a fairly high standard, and all that is required is for ,the !nun- ieipal authorities to adopt, under the legislation now eeteting, regulations somewhat siinilar to ours, with the view of rendering uninarketeble, diseased or otherivise unsound meats, which, under present cenditions, cannot enter estab- lishments engaged in export or interpro- vincial trade, The first and most important step in this direction will, it is needless to say, be the providing of public municipal abettors, to be oonducted under inspee- tion methods smiler to those required by the Meat and Canned Foods Act, °spec - tally as regards the admission, either of live animals or their carcases. The sooner the private slaughter house is abolished altogether, the better for all concerned, as most of the objection- able meats placed -on the market eman- ate from these undesieable and unsani- tary places. The trade in home-lcilled dressed car- cases will also, for similar reasons, grad- ually be wiped out of existence, and al- though the abolition of thieeform of meat disposal will probably Cause some *temporary dissatisfaetiou among farm, ers, matters will soon adjust themselves and the profits to the producer will be in no way lessened, although the livers and other offal hitherto utilized by the household will be no longer available. The munieipal abattoir is a modern neeeseity and must come. s There are Many among us, not yet ola, who can well recollect when the umber of hospitels in Canada eould almost bo 'counted on the fingers, and when a pro- posal to ereet an institution of this kind in a smell town was looked upon es he dieating a Mild form of insanity. eltow many *f the communities now posiess- Ing modern sad up-to-date hespitals would be satiefiea to do without them? The same will bp found true of the abattoir and if no other aeguntent could be advanced in favor of the Meat and Guinea Goods Act than the fact tied it has aeoneed and is aroueing public ophe kit on, the greet ana important question of a eanitery meat stippiy, the!! would, in my opinion, fullyejuetify its being placed eit tete statute books. The followieg establishments, whiell are engaged In expore or intenprovinelal trite°, are °pointed under the provisions of the Meat and Canned Foods Ad, and all meets and meat feed products from stith establishments heve undergone a melte and thorough inspection et the halide of the officers of this branch of tik Depertitient of Agrieulture, and ere marked vvith the Crown and the wores, "Canada Approved," together with the eeteblishreeet muttilier: 1—Fowler's Canadian Company, Ham- ilton, 2A --Geo. Mattliewe Conipany, Limited. null, P. Q, 211-----aoo. Matthews 'Company, Limited, Beentford. 20—Geo. Matthews Company, Limited, Peterboro. 4A----Wite Davies Company, Limited, Toronto, 411—Devies Limited, Montreal. 4C—Daelee Peeking Company, Earls- te-1 erk Blackwell Company, Torento, 're—Harr/8 Abettoir Company, Toronto. 8—D. IL afartin Company, Weet -i.o. root°. 0-01mm Limiteil, West Toone% 10—le IV, Fearman Company, Limited, Hamilton. 11—Ingereoll Packing Company,. Wen 13—Weyte Packing Compeny, Stret- ford, 14--Oolling wood Packing Company, Ceiling w ood. 10—Wm. Ryan Company, Fergus. te_ne, ooleman, Kineardipe. 18—J, Y. Griffin CoMPanY) Winnieee• 1813—tY. Y. Gratin Comp:inn Edmon- ton. 19—Gordon, 'remake & Fares, Winne Peet 20—Gallagher, Holman et Lafreuce, Winnipeg. 21—Weetern Peeking Company, Win- nipeg. 22—Montreal Union Abettoir Oorie Pally, Montreal, 23—P. Burne Compeny, Calgary, Alta. . 24—Wm. Clerk, Montreal, 25—.Mentreal Abattoir Company, Montreal. 29—K, K, Fairbanks Oompeny, Mont- real. 30—Vogel Meat Compaey, Strathemm, Alta. 33—Dominion Meat Company, Celgary, Alta. There' are at present employed in these establishments WI veterinary- in- spectors, all of whom have receivea a special training in meat inspection, and have passed a searching examinetion as to their qualifications. Teere are also 11 lay inspecters, whose deties comprise the supervision of the marking and shipment of goods. The inspection conducted in each of these establishments is as followsi All. arthnals for slaughter are examin- ed by' a veterinary inspected- on the pre- mises before they are allowed to enter the killing floor. All animals found to bo diseased, or showing suspicimis symp- toms of any kind, are tagged and held back until the end of the day's kill, when they are slaughtered separately. The inspector makes a thoroughly ex- amination of the carcass and of eel or- gans of every animal as it is" killed. If these are foupd healthy, they are etamp- ed with the inspection legend, the crown and, the words "Canada approved," as elite the establishment number. Any meats found, in the whole or in part, to be diseased. of front ()thee caus- es unfit for food, ate immediately mark- ed with a "Condemned" tag. .Any carcass, in regard to the condi- tion of which there is cause for doubt. is marked "Held," and set apart for fur- ther examination. at the conelusion of which the inspector decides .as to its disposition. Condemned carcasses and organs, as ale° any meats which are at any tirne found to have undergone such deteriora- tion as to unfit them for human food, are tanked with the non -edible products, under the personal supervision of an inspector. A summary of the repqrts of con- demnations made by our inspectors dur- ing the last fiscal yean shows a total of 9,308 carcasses 280,591 portions, as also d53,212 pound's of meat, eondemned as unfit for human food. This should demonstrate effectually the necessity which actually exists for .4 'thorough system of meat inspection. . „ When it is remembered thee -these establishinente uncler inspection handle only animals of the best class procue- 'able, the conditions which -exist in the ordiaary prevate slaugheer house, cone ducted' without inspeptien or official sUpervision of 'any kind, may readily ' be imagined. Boards of Health and municipal aus thorities have been too lotig neglectful of the necessity for intelligent action in the matter of meat inspection. It is the duty of every man to see that his family, as well as himself, does not eat diseased or unwholesome meat. In places where esteblislunents under federal inspection do not exist, dafety in this regard can be secured only by the establishment of a mtinicipal abat- toir, concluded tinder the constant supervision of a skilled professional The spector.-3. G. Rutherford, Veterinary Director -General and Live Stock Coin- missioner. Talking About Religion. Dr, Grenfell, in his little book, reit Man's Faith," brings out very forcibly the reticence and baqhfulness which seem to overcome the ordinary Christian 'whenever the chance is offered him of saying a word in favor of his fsith. Per- haps it is something a, little more seri- ous than diffidence, as the doctor inti- mates. •Re says: "It is hard not to tell harder yet not to tell good nova Not to do it makes you feel as a boy felt after a Christmas dinner—as if he 'must burst.' But it is worse again when you have a truth that you know to be a truthea truth of infinite, prac- tical, daily value forever to those you love best, and yet you can not telt it. You ean sing it. You can quartette ib. Yoe can monotone it. You can say it. in a Meek coat, in vestments, at matins, at evensong, at the solemn feaste, at the new moons. Bee still you have Dot con- veyed your truth to your dearest frieed, the matt who shared your rooms, end studied and tompeted with yon, who pleyed on the team with you, and who trusted you with a past five yards from the eneiniee' goal line. Yee he won'thake it erom your 'lips that faith in Jesus Christ is worth a red cento—won't ac. crept in However, the heathen, the adran- ger, who knows tot your innee life is more likely to listen. Where is the rsaitp rs the faith in Christ really not of val- ue? Or is it thee your use of the faith fails to`eotemend 10 If you are teeny eager to give that inestimable gift to your friend, your husband, your darl- ing boy, end fail, le there hot somethieg wrong in your uee of it, your imetheel of comniending it? Does it not make a mana heart try out, 'My God! is ray coeventiotal use of faith the tense of preventing °there from accepting it?' This is a serious and eearehteg putthig ef the case, and we surtnise it Applies to most of us end that it' will be well fee to lay the admonition to heart and seek to discover some means of reformie don. gee—se—a, MODERN METI1ODS. (Ckveland Plain DeelCr.) "Did you keep the sttepteted ohe under close surveillance?' asked the chief of deteetives. "Yes," replied the fnithful sleuth; "see for yourself," on, Atul a moment leter the movements 5—Leing Peeking & Provision Cent. of the suspteted one were reptedileed patty, Montreal: by a Moving picture machine. , Big 0Ohd•gT COMING, It Appeared in 1450 enti :Spread lerror • ' • e • - • • diges iL 4) la all Over Europe. le !moue comet known as Hai- ley's, whieli terrified Europe in late, will, next spring, pass close ouote4 the earth to be seen in all ite glory. At the prevent momeut the earth and the comet are rubbing towarde one another at a tremendous pace in their several orbits, and. rapidly reducing the four hendred millions. of milee which separated theni a Shed tinIe ago. There is, however, no daeger of a collision, as we shall pass in Oc- tober the spot at which the e0Met will arrive at the end of next March. liy leley and June next year we shall have got around to the other side of the sun, and the comet, which will then be turning in its path into space, will be at ite nearest to us. But again we shall ba iu front of it, and when it crosses our orbit for the second time we shaII be steadily leaving it behind us, He lea eppoarance was in 1835, for it has a period of about 75 yeurs. Halley's Comet was so called not becauise he discovered it, for it had loug been known, but beeituee he was the first. to calculate its orbit mid predict its return. Halley was born in 1656, and was educated at St. Paul's School and Queen's College OXfOrd. Re was a notable astree 'omen travelled much on the Cons tinent, and was it friend of Sir Ione Newton. In 1720 he was made Astoet oilier Royal, and besides predicting the return of the comet in 1682, he recommended the use of thee transit of Penile for obtaining the paralax of the sun. He died in 1742 with a Newton, In 1720 he was made Astron- men The comet, which bears his 'name has appeared since his death, in 1759 and 1835, The two most celebrated historical appearances of Hailey's Comet were in 1066 and 1456. The first date was that of the Norman invasion of Engleind, and atoll side claimed the comet as a portent in favor of themselves. The Normans said the comet was set .in the heavens to guide Duke William across the Channel. The other fam- eus almearance of the cornet was in 1456, when it spread terror all over Europe, and in all the churches people prayed to be. delivered from the Terks and the comet, Three years earlier Constantine, the last Emperor of Byzantium, had died the death 'of a herd on. the Sandjakdar Yokushar, the Sulam Mohammed had entered the city and the Chureh of Sophia ead become a mosque, The Crusades were over, and Christianity seemed fated ta... succumb to Islam, for nothing was able to atop the cons eneeine Moslems. Then in 1456 the comet appeared in the heavens and Europe saw in it the scimitar of Othrnan foretelling the subjugation td Christendoro. Its appearance according to the chroniclers of the time was terrible; it stretched vcross the aky like a way- iTig flame and was of the color of mol- ten gold. The Pope, Calixtus ordered that the bells in the churches should be rung every day at noon and that universal prayer should be offered up to exercise the portent and to check the advance of the Turks. Then at last, to the great relief •of Europe, the „fiery yataghen grew dim- mer and fainter, and at last disap- peared from the heavena, When next it .appeared, in 1531, Solyman I. had just been repulsed at Vienna, and Europe, had become accustomed to looking on. Austria and Hungary as the barrier against the Turks and OG0 comparhtively little hake was taker:. of the comet as a Mohammedan por- tent, RHEUMATISM DliIVEN FROM THE BLOOD A Remedy Which Assis4 Nature Makes a Cure Which is Penna. nant as This Case Proves. " Every sufferer 'ficim rheumatism wants to be cured and to stay cured. The prospect of the frequent retum of the trouble is not atractive te anybody wee has gone through one siege. Most treatments aim simply to 'keep down" the rheumatic poisons in the blood. The tonic treatment iy hundreds of cures that it builds rp the blood to a point that enables it to cast out these poisons through tee regular channels of excretion the bowels, the kidneys and the skin. When this is done the rheumatism is perman- ently cured, and as long as the bine' is kept pure and, rich the patient will be free from rheumatism. Mr. Thomas MeNeil, Itichteucter elt B., says —"Per- mit nio bear testimoriy to the worth of Dr. Williams' Pink Pills as a cure for acute rheumatiim. My son, Frederiek, was subject to this painful trouble for a perioe of eight or ten years, end dur- ing this time periodical attacks would regularly occur. His last attack was a most severe one, and the pains were ex- cruciating in the extreme, shooting through the various parts, of the body to such an extent that even the ap- proach. of any person would cause him to ory out with fear., and he had rest neither day or night. Our family dee- tote a man of skill and experience, ap- plied 'many remedies without avail, aud could give no encouragement other than that the warmer weather then rip- proacaing might prove beneficial, Just at this time we noticed -where some per- son similarly afflicted had been cured by Dr. Williams' Pink Pills and decided to try there -11e kepe on using the Pills, each stieceeding box showing improve - Meta until he had taken ten- boxes, when all pains and aches luta complete- ly disappeared, atd although his mode of life is that of a fisherman, and tense- quently exposed to both wet and cold, he has had retuen of any of the symp- toms whatever. The cure is tomplete, end is entirely duo to Dr. Williams' Pink Pills." YOU can get these Pills from ane med- ieine dealer or they will be sent by mail at 50 emits a box or -six boxes for $2.50 by The Dr. eVillianis' Medicine Co., Brockville, Out. , * PAIR OF MOTTOES. (Wasp.) "'My motto," said. the young physician, "is: 'Be eure you're right and then go remade" "And mime° rejoined the old doetot, "isi 'When in doubt, perform an epera- tioe "" ° TOO MtIoir TO 13ELIEVE. eSketetty Bits.) k "Who is het" the crowd murmured, Noe e knew. Fitteliy they asked him himself. ete be mews wish grent OOildtOtOriS1011+ "I am a bum who Mtn ma a eontinued story in. the megatinee without looking beck at the previone 'lumber to eke hew that pot ended," Mit they believee him not, eked stottee hiin fer Ilex, Dyspepsia Means: Slow 5t9rvationh 1,4 those who have Experimented with Vetihttiii RemOilieS turn "k.Jay Dr. tianiiiton's Pills . And he CtiNd Quickly. By the testimony ese admit curvet -by the words of those who have proveri the merit of Dr. Hamilton's Pills, you ean satisfy yourself that indigeetion and dyspepsia are curable. "Four years ago 1 got into a eondie tion of low health—surtered all possible torture with (mute indigestion, wiee the seemed& and elizey headitelies. Tbe very smell of feed often was sufficient to make me violently ill, Energy was gradually fading away, no longer had any desire for work or for the company of other people, and was in the depths of des -pair. Woree martyrdom, brain aed body rould eat suffer andtlive, I used so Many re - CURED 4 YEARS medies without success that I was in poor hopes of getting relief, when I started on Dr, Hamilton's Pills, In a month 'I noticed a slight improvement and kept right on, using one pill every second eight. In a month wds an- other man, looked ruddy, strong, hearty, ancl I fele,as if I had been made anew, Four years breve gone by and I still rely cei Dr. lianaltmes Pills and attri- bute to their power me. present condi- tion of robust health. , (Signed) "H. P. BoxFoRD, "Rodney, P, 0." Be advised, and test Dr, Hanelteet's Pills, which for years have been the standard remedy 'for Dyspepsia, Indiges- tion, Heartburn, Constipation, Flatu- lence, Headache, Backache and all kid- ney, liver anl bledder troubles, These - diseases are all thoroughly cured by Dr. Hemilton's Pills. 25e. per box or five for 431..00, at all clealein or the Cetarrhozone Co., Kingston, Ont. **O. eaesars Stronghold. - • In a recent°aystiaeleBaonfktehris) series refer- ence was made to the numerous Norraar castles still to be seen in verious pasts of Britain. Almost equally numerous, and in some instance -s probally practically un- altered since the time .when they were gerrisened by thousands of Roman le- gionaries, the fortified 'pampa oceupied by Julius Caesar fifty years before the commencement of the Christian era, and by his successors for several cetturies, 'tall exist both at various points round the west and also in many inland pose tions where aa isolated lofty hill dom- inating the surrounding country has been upreared by some great convulsior of nature. As an interesting example of these peat intrenched strongholes "Caesar's Cangee near the Kentish eoast, may 1* mentioned. A conical, lofty hill, several hundred feet in height, a mile or two in cireumference, surrounded, near the sum- mit, with a double line of deep fosseil. or dry moats, le the lewd of whieli traces remain of a, gallery' upon which the Roman arebers opted stand conceal- ed from the foe beneath, its sides in places almost perpendicular this old 'Zeman fortified • camp must 'have been well-nigh impregnable. And. the exertion of meting this "sugar - loaf" hill is amply repaid by the glorious view obtained. from the sumnait. Stand- ing perhaps on the very spot whence Julius Caesar directed the operations against our skin -clad ancestors, the eoun- try around is spread out like a map, On one side paetures and woods farmhouses and villages, golden cornfields ripe for the sickle, contrasting with the vivid green of adjoining fields, with Itere and there the square tower of some church ereetea eitber by the Normans, or in some few' eases in the somewhat later period when the bold circular columns and rounded Lurches and windows of that period gave pliete to the more florid so- called Gothic. etyle of architecture. On the other side, bordered by the terraces and churches of a fashionable watering piece, the broad ocean, flecked with craft of an sizes, from the mighty liner or the mailed battleship to the brown sailed fishing boat, sailing out in quest of the harvest of the sea, glitters and sparkles in the sena rays. And, eausing an added exhilaratiop, the delicious and fragrant air of the downs, terlalent with the perfume of tend thyme, centaury, and other wild figurers, invigorates rinds gladdens and causes a thrill of exultant emotion to 'course through the veins. And, amidsall loveliness and all this feseinating beauty, the mind "looks from Nature up to leas ture's God," and a rush of .halleinjahs swells through the soul at the thought that the Creator of this lovely earth, in order to nullify the sentence passed 'by LuMutable justice against the sinner, Himself on Calvary made expiation for the sins of all wh,o will but conform their lives to His will as expressed in Holy Writ, and will east themselves at His feet, acknowiedghig Him as their Saviour end their Redeemer. • s • Worth eenowing. I had. the misfortune to spill Mk on the front of a handsome double-faced walking skirt. sponged. the spots ini. niediately with cold water, then with sweet milk, changing the milk and -the rag in sponging as often as they be- came discolored, and kept this up utitil the tag showed no further diseolotation. As BOOn as the skirt Was dry sponged it thoroughly tvith gasteine, and not a vestige of the ink remained. Souk the tvorst soiled spoege in Sweet milrand it will come out sweet aud clean, 1 um). ally rinse mine afterward in. watar coo taming a few drops of cerbglie iteill. A little soap rueted on the botteei Of A squeaking door, ot on the sill, Will sometimes reniedy. the trouble. If the difficulty Iie in the hinges, dip a featle Or in kerosene Ana apply, swinging the door to aud fro gently. A hired housekeeper dented a tiny V at the top of the wire carpet beater mid used it to slip under pictute %vireo to lift thein front the wall, It was alio lutee to teplace them with. The heaviest pictureS *clad be lifted down in this minezer. Stich a deviee lietidy for element Wild Ore in danger Wlien climbing up and (lover stepeaddere during hetuitiseiteming seeson, live plenty of dith tosvels anti line or two on which to dry them. Irate see, erre sets of them cloths, tteo for two fot reward," nee three for the tie art! tree ery' Ware. Allow them k used only for their.legitheite beetles of the (Hell weithitig and thence °Mee el week tor eka,n OlieS all round. The dish es will look ticer and the toweis te n,ore easily keet clean than if yea go it,t it the usueI eays te kite paper Should lee itt ttSt,d for tetepping round Articles thet art to be put away, Chloride of lime is neta tor Whitey-itrown or blue raper bent tot color of the tabrio which oarlops, to. purpose. ee. A Harvest Song. After t(ilier p3lolaXgreetii8(11::wt ilng14,11' After the burdens wid beet, Afetoefnettille resievaaeladnethoaft isstrsisvviteiet; °meth the rest -thee we merit, When ilibcer is not in vain, A time to laugh and be merry, " blnging the harvest eefrain. After tee hattle of effort, After the sigh and the tear., After the wittehleg and waiting, eQefd s'teaarPdl n e ellrelVr$ :Niter Cometh a time to be glad; After the trouble is .over A ifItlemr etlitAe3p1f7ngtintgwaendweter:dillangi.— coLmOota asIlvtee:4tilivse tfrfuoirtstrea:tvleirealy And Reece for those who endure; A time for rejoicing, emeetle ToTirrelcaounigipeenasnedisthiy» mreiarpthinrierig — When cometh sweet rest and song. Our Father in Heaven, we thank Thee 0 thet; Thiel east comniitted TV Church the saered trust of extendieg ,ttinted:Itthingaltn af yTe hnyo tS oonn Ityi p tor, tehoeraenal ele, carry the ev PengrilYstro. the ends of the earth, but. the assuranee of His abiding presence with us. Eeable us to be true to the great counniesion and to lay hold of the true source of power. May the amPipornitthee mtslorendarieksrotift thine enrosil efinilinoauri4 own kind arid in those lands yet, shail- owed by heathenism, Give ell wisdom and grace and strength, so that tlie work may be owned and blessed by Thee, mil that Thy kingdom may come and Thy will 'heedone on earth. Give to euell ono of us more and more the tree,missioneiy epirit which is the Spirit of Christ. Amen. An All -Powerful Helper. What a precious word for he wee:), is- this: "Cast your care upon Him, ter He cereth for. you"1 I need hardly inform intelligent readers that this verse literally reads; "Por He has you on Ileart."• He who piloted the patriarch through the deluge, and fed the prophet by the brook, and supplied the widow's cruse, and watched over the imprisoned apostle, and numbers every hair of our heads,. He has every one of OS in His great, almighty heart! Weat fools we are to tire ourselvos out and break ourselves down, while such au all-powerful helper is close by our side! Suppose that a weary oeertaken by a wagon, whose owner kindly said. to him: "My friend, .you look tired; throw that knapsack tete my wagon, it will rest you, and I will see that it is sefe." Imagine the fool- ish pedestrian eyeing him suspiciously, and blurting out tee churlish reply: "I can't t.rust you, sir; drive along; rn carry my own luggage." But this is the. way that tens of thousands of Christians treat God."—Dr. Cuyler. The Bases of Prayer. "Say not that we from heaven are far, When holy thoughts thereto may run. Say not that life is dark or Ione, That here unseen, unheardewe lie. Say, rather, God and heaven are near, And we by golden links of prayer Are bound to Him in holiest sphere." There is the basis of need. "In my distress I celled upon God." This is ini- tial, disturbed, (Alarmed, tentative. The articulation of the sense freed. His low, greedy, impatient, selfish; others are disregarded and shoyee aside if only you, can get relief; a scramble for life towards the gangway on board the sink- ing ship. Violence is done to another if only you are delivered. There is the basis of arguments. Some must see the logical connection, Old divines used to look for a guarantee, and sue God on His own bond, •They are in court, they must argue, they want a plea and plead- er. A men who pleads his own cause comes to grief. "Thy promise is my only plea, With this I venture right; ..Then Wiest burdened souls to Thee, And suele 0 Lord, am I." Look at that ms,n in the mountain region; he is weary-, he enters a cavern, a serpent may be coiled up; it may be a. lion's lair; he must creep with cau- tion; a thousand fears rush through his soul, and his mind is burdened. Hew ninny are represented by this attitude? There is the basis of salutation. If the traveller in the save could have heard a human yoke what fears would have rolled away. Salutation comes through the avenues of vision. -There is a trans- mission to transfiguration. A beauty and a divinity and a compelling power tvhielt brings us near; an expulsive eow- er which drives out fear. 0 crisis!, wheh Jesus is seen in RiS beauty for the first thee. tile ravishes the soul, is altogether hively. There is the avenue of hearing. "Surely Thou didst call me. Speak, fot Thy servant hearethe He opens the ear, then He fills it with the music of His voice. I ant not an alien; ain a friend; I am a free born child; I (tin at home, Legal forme, arguments, precedents, I know nothing of. I am a ehild my father's house. I have rights without definition, pleasures with- out permission. "Son, thou. art ever with me and all I have is thine!" I look, I see, I am at test. The path* way to heaven is lined with promises. Many a clay I have enjoyea them, and now they tire past. I feed not on pro- emisee but on perforititteces. see, / hear, enjoy. I ate dumb, not with de - pair, but with delight. I tisk for noth- ing for myself. come, I stay, I listen, weave, I teflect, I respond! When eeport I enter the regiou of intereession, which is imothet braneh of industry too long to 'melte mention of here. It be- longs to the leglit, to Goa and cheseri :totes. Hall Mount of Olivee in the night; The treleoree stiles beim out a holy light. breathe an atmosphere both high and rate, Light romes to the soul With waves ief Dreyer; Men home return from toil and awe. Jesus begins alICOI the lift of prayer, And through the tight as planets tell along T catch the theme of intereetelotes It is not what 1 beg, but what I brilw, Which constitutes the burden which I sing. The end of every Dreyer comet up to praise, And giatint$11 troWne the iabore of tat daye. 11 T. 'Miller.