The Wingham Advance, 1908-01-09, Page 3#144444+++++++#4444+.4444+44-014-4- ft -44444+ 4-4-44+*+++'+
THE ART OF PUBLIC
SPEAKING
Mr,kfour appears to have told the used to write Ids groat hpeeelles out
students st the Philomathie Society at three or four times, without tamper:
ing than, so that if the words of one °do
Eainburgh that the art of publie speak. tam failed him, he might trust to the
%Ate Wall but tbeart of public oonversetaall reourreuce of the words of one of the
raised to a higher level. This reudinde other eoplea, Yet from time home-
prepaartion luts been a gibe
us of Bright's saying that the best alarial
againet orators:
Hesse ea Oararaans *peaking ' wee
'tainted and eloauent conversation."
+so it * for ordinary Oceesialle, and
for tb.. treesesetion of businevie, says the
Sstutday Review. But this "public core
affreatiee 1* not oratory; it is debating
different thing. Mr. :Balfour
naturally praisee the convereational
atyle, in whicb. excels all his contem-
poraries. Twenty rata ago Mr. Balfour
weep the most hesitating end awkward
speaker on either of the front benches
al the House of Commons. By daily
void nightly preetiee, at the expense
of his audienee, he has made aimself
the most dexterous debater of ilte ago.
We do not dispara,ge the qualities re-
quired for the attabunent of this ort.
Perfect command of temper, unsleeping
vigilance, e sense of humor, the habit of
remembering points advanced by an ad-
vereary turd inata.ntly framing a reply,
however bad, these tere the requieites
et a debater; and though they ate not
mental qualitiee of the highest circler,
they eau slily be acquined by ()enrage,
a,nd they are indispeaeable to the leader
of a pOpular aaserably. Mr. Balfour has
wisely never attempted oratory, which is
to debating what a picture a to oar -
aeon, prose to a leading article, ox peetry
to vers de exeiete. Indeed, the combima
tion of the power of oratory and the
power of debating is very iarely found
in the same speaker. Burke and Bright,
t e greatest orators of the eighteenth
a nineteenth centuries reapectively,
were no debatere. Of Pitt, Fox and Sher-
idan we know too little to say; if we
were to judge by the valueless reports
of their speechee they were neither or-
ators nor debatels. Brougham possessed
in a high degree the art of weaving ex-
temporaneous replies to previous speak-
ers into a carefully prepared speech, as
did Disraeli. Only once or twice In the
coarse of .the terrible battle over the,
Cora Laws did Sir Robert Peel attempt
the perilous flights of aratory, aad then,
according to his hostile but judieial °rite
ie he was only partly succeasful,
L'ord Derby (the Prime Minister) was
reckoned the first debater of his day
as he waa only partially stecceseful.
in the House of Common,s, and in the
House of Lords he onee or twice discov-
ered the power of impassioned rhetoric.
But unquestionably the speaker who
combined in the most superb manner the
handling of details, the an.swering of op-
ponents, and close ratiocination with
appeals to the pa,ssions or the ethical
imagination of his audience, was Glad-
stone. That is why he was equally suc-
cessful in the House of Coramons and on
the platform—another very rare combin-
ation. Mr. Balfour expressed the hope
that none of the students would try to
learn gestures or tonee of voice, as
needless exhortations In thes,e inartistic
days. We know that Wedderburn took
lessons in elocution, to correct bis
Sootch aocent, and we are told that
Murray (Lord Mansfield), practised
before a looking glass. This devotion
to "the tedious ways of art" is of the
eighteenth century, aeld there is no
fear of its rea,ppearance in the twen-
tieth century. Most -speakers hang on
to the lapels of their coat, ar dick
their thumbs into the armholes of
their waistcoat, or thrust their hands
into their pockets. Gladstone some-
times employed the most picturesque
and impressive gestures. We remember
onoe seeing him turn around, in one of
his Home Rule speeches, to warn his
party that there was "da,nger In delay."
He flung both his arms straight up in
the air, and let his long, artistic hands
droop, in the attitude of a denouncing
prophet, or weird sybil. Though it was
mere rhetoric, and there was no datiger
men held their breath. Gladstone Was'
emphatically the last of the orators.
Randolph Churchill re.served his inure
elaborate rhetorioal efforts for the
platform; in the House of °ominous
he, too, made himself debater at the
expense of his audienee. At public
meetings Churchill delivered written
speeches with marvellous memory and
vivacity, thus effectually concealing
the preparation. But his defective edu-
oation caused just to miss the'
true oratorical note, which has been
defined as something between poetry
and prose, •and better than either.
There was a rigorous vulgarity about
the Randolphian style whit% was any-
thing bua classical. The eame remark
applies to Mr. Comberlain, who
make speeches bearing obrious
marks of preparation. Mr. Chamber-
lain's speeelies have all the charm of
fluency and doornails of great appar-
ent ease; and there a a plea,sant
piquanoy about them, a general im--
pression of "scorniga all round, which
excites admiration. But they are
spoiled by bad quotatioms, by trite
metaphors, and by hackneyed phrases.
Commonplaceness of thought and ex-
pression removes them from the re-
gion or oratory. There was one
speaker besides Gladstone who ex-
hibited too earely occasional flashes of
oratory, Mr. David Plunket, now Lord
Rathmore. Heahad a musical and
flexible voice that could. weep, lagub,
or soothe at will, and when he did em-
ploy a ntetapaor it was a poetical -one.
Unfortunately, he very seldom made
epeech, and appeared content, as
First Commiesioner of Works, to sup-
ply dressing-roome, where, as ae said,
with a stutter, "politicians might be
glad to change their coats." Mx. Jo-
seph Cowen, the, member for New-
castle had oratory in him, but his
Nortlesumbria,n burr was so strong that
he was ahnost unintelligible to the
Rouse of Commons.
What is the explanation of the vtil.
gar prejudice againet prepared
speeches? For Mr. Balfour was mere.
"Pitt has iao heart, men ay, but I deny
He aas haat, and gets his speeches by
it."
The root of the prejudice against
preparation is, we think, the old puri-
tanical idea that the speaker is a
preacher, a man of God, inspired to de.
liver the words diet are put into his
mouth. Ever -since Antorrya speech in
the -forum, the popular orator always
begins -by assuring his listeners that
he haa no written speech to deliver. "1
am a plain blunt man, who epeaks right
on," etc. The ethioal fallacy is obvious,
for there is no reason why that which
is meditated should. • be lea sincere,
less the offsprixig of conviction, than
that which is spoken on the spur of
tho moment—quito the °filth -fay. But
the vulgar have an idea that, given
enough time to prepare, anybody ean
make a good speech. Give a fool a
year, -and he will only produce a foolisa
epeeeh. We cannot agree with Mr.
Balfour that the best speeches axe not
those which read best. That is Lord
Chesterfield's doctrine that the voice,
the manner, the arrangement are more
than the matter. But seeing that for
one man who hears a speeeh a thou-
sand read it, it is well worth while to
make one's speech good reading, which
can order be done by putting good mat-
ter into good words. The art of debat-
ing will probably be caeried to still
higher perfection as the time for dis-
cutaion is more curtailed. Bot the art
a oratory is doomed, for it is a tender
and graceful leant, requiring leisurely
cultivation and space in which to ea -
pond, and everytling a now hurried and
orowded.
_
AN UNSATISFACTORY POST.
Expense and Ingratitude Conditions oa
the Lord Lieutenaney of Ireland.
Acoompanying the new lord lieutenant, -
we took pert in the state entry into
Dublin, which was conducted with the
usual. military ,display and viceregal eti-
quette. Me duke in uniform rode with
a glittering staff about him. The rest
of the family in carriages with postilions
and outriders, drove through the crowd-
ed streets to the black and grimy castle,
which for centuries has witnessed these
processions come and go. In view of the
repeated. attacks made in the last hun-
dree years on the Irish vieeroyaliy, it is
strange that it still exists and is appar-
ently floutishing. But in the old days of
slow travel and no telegaa.pli, when it
took a week to get to Dublin, things
were very different, and one can under-
stand the pomp and circumstance with
which the representative of the sover-
eign neoessaray surrounded himself.
In India, the eastern mind has to be
impressed with the glamor of royalty.
In the distant colonies, Canada, Aus-
tralia, New Zealand and others, govern-
ment house can be offered for the Dub-
lin ceurt, which es withal. a few hours of
London and in direct communication by
telegraph and telephone with Downing
street? The lord lieutenant, who is not
in the cabinet, is but a figurehead, a
purveyor of amusements fo rthe Irish
officials and the Dublin trades -people, on
whom he is obliged to lavish his hospi-
tality and his money, with no return and
no thanks. The wives of the viceroys
labor in good works, each in turn vying
with the other in charitable ardor. But
these philanthropic works could be car-
ried on just as well if they did not ema-
nate from the castle. Tao ingratitude
of the people must be very disheartening
to . each successive viceroy. However
popular the lord lieutenant and his wife
may be, however successful their at-
tempts to cajole, conciliete and enter-
tiin—thoegh oup of their private means
they may have spent money like water—
in a week all is forgotten. The new_
regime is paramount: Le roi est mort;
vtive•le roil
If the lord lieutenant carries out with
tact and success the peal of the gov-
ernment, the credit is taken by th.e min-
ister. If, on the other hand, the policy
Is a failure, he gets tbe blame, or, worse,
still, is repudiated publicly and told that
the lord lieutenant is of no account I
have seen a good many vice -regal oourts,
and it is a marvel to me that any one
can be found to accept so ungrateful A
post.—From "The Reminis-cences of Lady
Randolph Churchill" in the January Cen-
tury.
_I t
FRENCH MOST FRUGAL RACE,
Less Than a Quarter of Country's Wealth
Held by Millionaires.
France A often spokee of as the rich-
est country in the world. A French writ-
er recently spoke of the republic as the
reservoir of copital for all Europe. Eveia
America has been tapping its enormous
resources of late for big railway loans.
Yet there are no colossal fortunes in
France. There is not one single man who
ranks with the great capitalists of Eng-
land or the United States.
The millionaires of France peasees not
more than one-fifth of the country's
wealth, real and personal. The signifi-
cance of thisees enhanced by the fad
that the owaer of $200,000 is a million-
aire in ranee—it is 1,000,000 francs.
Fourth -fifths of the capital in the eountry
is hold by people ranging from modea
ate eircumetances down to the level just
• above abeolute poverty.
The distribution of wealth is inferred Washington correspondent's questIons.
from the statistics of inheritancee, which ?I shouldn't know my business if I are
are carefull3r kept in France on account swered stall a question as thata said
of the tax which ie levied on the entatee ar an "Fver one t k hi
of ell deceased persons. The mutual mor- business; othetwite faildre follows; end
ler expressing a popular notion When tality for the entire population AVer- I am sure yoo wouldn't Want nte to fail
he said that the signe of preparation ages about 1'58,000 persons, of whom 200,- like the eon sale man of fountain
-'11'471fac"1”1,11,1atarellereeraaareasrearearenevegreeer
y
pare of the etnittir,)'s wealth is held by
tho,ee peeveesing 30000 francs 0100,000)
or upward. 01 the 3,781,000,000 feeeice
left in 1003 by persons below the mil-
lioeaire class 3,281,00,000 was left by
persone who owned leas than half a mil.
lioa fraues, and 00,000,000 franes was
left by persone having lea then 00,00t,
frallea.
nitt accumulatiou of French
wealth, as well ae its extraordivary sub-
division, is explained. largely by the re-
markable frugality and thrift of tile
people. More people to the thoustend
look ahead in France •aud make provis-
ion for a riti»e• day then in tater other
country.
At the last eablished count there were
11,007,772 worlong people who were Mak-
ing regular monthly deposito in the pos.
tel savings banks and their eetal savings
amounted to 4,433,000,000 france, or
$880,600,000.
ie a common eight at banking houees
to eee old women of the concierge apes
produce one or two bonds ancl coiled in-
terest on thexp. The shopa of France aro
well docked and the proprietor of a lit-
tle business leeepe adaing and adding and
saying sou by sou until one day he Balls
out at a good price and retires in mid-
dle age to a suburban villa to live easily
on the interest on his life'a suyinge,
There are no large landholders in the
English or American or Roseate sense,
but eight and a half million Frenchmen
own outright the farme which they cul-
tivate. Some of than consist only of a
field or two, but, all ure sufficient, with
great patience and skillful tillage, to
support life, bring up a family and even
give the daughters a ,modeet dowry.—
.New York ann. •
e r
FOOD FACTS.
Curious Eating Habits of Certain Em-
inent Persons.
John the Baptist ate locuste and wild
honey.
Peter the Great consumed baked pace
.stuffea with apples, and consideied it a
fine dieh. '
e• Frederick the Great made a satiefac-
tery meal on salt beef or pork and cab-
bage.
ilenry VIII, could. always eat himself
into a condition of sleepiaess on a
haunch of veuison.
Alexander the Great, when. ou a eam-
paign, ate the rations of a 13011111WA ad-
dier.
Pieta XI. during moat of his pentane
oath ote only an. egg and a bit of bread
for breakfast.
Macaulay said that :04 ',hall need ask
for better food than plaia roast beef end
baked patatoes.
Fielding thought that tarts made, with
entrant. jelly were aheaven's own food."
Kalubach enjoyed sauerkraut and pork
beyond all other kinds of food. lie once
said that "cabbage •and German go well
together:1
Rare Ben Johnson asked. no beteer
treat thaa a pork pie with an abun-
dance of Canary wine.
Locke coneidered that the proper
breakfast for a studious man was a bit
of fish and a piece of bread.
Michael Angelo, during the most part
of his life, lived plainly on. tte foal of an
Tadao peasant.
Walter acott liked venison. better than
any other meat, and potatoes better
than any other vegetekfla
Leonardo da Vinci was passionately
fond of °rouges, and with this fruit and
bread he would at any time make a
meal,
John. the Evangelist Wae so abstemious
that a handful ot barley was all the food
he needed for a day.
The Duke of Marlborough was a regu-
lar beefeater and emphatically declared
on one occasion that "no soldier can
fight unless he is properly fed on beef
and beer "
Mohammed. was so abstemious that a -
hancaul of data and a mouthful of
water was all he required for a day of
hard riding.
Francis -Bacon was plain in ha hab-
its of eating While providing elaborate
and splendid bonquets for his guests he
himself ate only one or two simple
dishee.
Raphael considered that a meat d•at
was not geed foe a painter and there-
fore lived principally on 'dried fruits,
sueh as figs and raisins, eating them
with bread. •
Napoleon Bonaparte was not at
choice in his eating habits. He would
seat himself at the table, begin on the'
things that were nearest, and in 10 or 15
minutee he had made- his dinner.
Vitellius, the Roman Emperor, was
the glutton of his age. He would eat all
he could poesibly hold, then take an
emetic and repeat the performance all
over again.
•
"Half A
Earth's Treasures.
The total known production of coal
throughout the world in 1906 is pat
at 'about 905,000,000 tons, the United
Kingdom producing rather less than
a third of the evhole. In the United
Kingdom, Germany, and the United
States the production 'of eoal in 1906
waa greater than in any previous
year. Despite the great increase in
production last year the price of coal
rose by 4d. per ton in the United
Kinadom, 3Kci. in Germany) and laa,,d
in the United States. In 1905 there •
were 837,100 persont employed in
coal mining, above and below ground,
in the United Kingdom, average out-
put per head 282 tons per annum.
In U.S.A.. there were 626,300 persons
ernployed, average output 560 tons.
Last year the United Kingdom ex-
ported 70,788 000 tons of coal, and
Germany 2561,07,000 tons.
(ei)11 't7151e
other hand, ermany importe_ _0,1 ,-
000 tons of which 7,600,000 tens were
obtained from Great Britain. France
and Italy are the other principal
customers. Railway locomotives in
the United Kingdom used 12,093,000
tons in the year, as compared with
11,5931000 tons in 1905, and 11,445,000
tons in 1904.
was the Matte "Iti OW We arida" alas
Ottle °L14404;glearrot,ten
" ratre.
CURED HER
heumatism
This is the kind of proof
that convinces
advised a friend, who had
Rheumatiem in both feet, to
try AJAX OIL, Half a bottle
completely cured her. She says
'AJAX OIL ie undoubtedly. the
best remedy made.' I shall be
glad to recommend it to all
who suffer from Rheumatism."
THEO. SCAIFE, Cashier,
King Edward Hotel, Toronto.
8 ounce bottle of Ajax Oil,
sent to any a'ddress on
receipt of price, $2.00.
Ajax Oil Co, , Toronto, Ont.
(TAX
OIL A
Liniment
"GOD OUR TRUST? '
U. S. COINS WITH THIS MOTTO
. STRUCK IN x861.
"In God We Trust" Appeared on Pat-
tern Pieces in 1863 and the First
Regular Coins Bearing it Were
Issued in 1864—Attempts to Sub-
stitute "God and Our Country" for
It—Mint Experiments.
- •
N. Y. Sint: The first United States coin
to bear the motto "In God We Trust" was
a pattern two cent piece struck at the Phila-
delphia mint in 1803, bat pattern soins bear-
ing a variation of tho motto were etrucit as
early as 1861. The first regular 'United States
colna to bear the motto were issued for gen-
end circulation iu 1884.
late story goett that a Maryland clergy-
man suggested to a former Director of the
Mint that a motto of this oharacter be placed
on tho United States ooins. The Director, it
is supposed, turned the suggestion over to
the engravera, and they used it on certain
pattern.s.
The first of the 1861 series of pattern coina
boliring a pious motto was the half dollar,
Which was of the same design as the regu-
lar half dollar of the period, but showed on
a scroll above the eagle on the reverse "God
Our Trust." It was the that United States
coin to bear a motto other than "El Pluribus
Unum." ThM variety wee struck la sliver,
cooper and copper bronze.
The .second coin was a ten dollar piece,
which showed the motto above the eagle on
a soroll, as on the fifty cent Mope. The third
variety, another ten dollar piece, had the
same motto above the eagle, but with the
scroll omitted,
Both varieties of the ten dollar patterns
were struck In gold, oopper and copper
bronse, Those struck in gold are unique,
and there is no record of either ever having
been offered for sale,
In 1862 pattern coins of the denominations
of 60 cents and $10 with the motto "God Our
Trust" were struck at the mint, the &stens
being similar to those of 1861, but s'howing
ate new dete. They were struck in sil-
ver, copper and copper bronze.
Several varieties of the pattern bronze two -
cent piece were made at the mint in 1863.
These were issued to provide samples from
which might be selected a coin of this de-
ncooironsination, which had never before been in-
cluded among the United Stateal current
One of these patterns bore a broad shield
behind which were two arrows orossed, while
suspended above the shield was a thick
wreath .of laurel hanging down on either
side. Above this erreath on a scroll was the
motto "God Our Trust," and below was the
date, "1863."
On the reverse was the value, "2 cents,"
enclosed by a wreath. This variety was
struck in co per, nickel and aluminum on
thin and thic c planchets.
There was still another variety of the pat-
tern two cent piece of this year similar to
the regular two cent plate that went into
circulation in the following year. This coin
showed on a seroll above the wreath the full
4urnoittteod "Isnt,agosd cWoien TroustL'saen41 was tpe fwirasst
&truck only in copper.
Among the other pattern two oont pieces
produced during this year was one variety
showing on the obverse the.„,lapat of Wash-
ington aurrounded by the Matto "God and
Our Country." The reverse of this pattern
bore a wreath composed of eight heads of
witeac seeured with a plain band, "2 cents"
within and "United States of America" In
the border. The pattern *piece was struck
in copepr, nlokel and aluminum.
In the same year and bearing the date 1863
were varieties of the half dollar and eagle
with the motto "God Our Trust," Tide was
tho only way in which they differed from
the coins of these denominations of the re-
gular Issue.
The first dollar pattern coin struck in
silver to bear the inotto "In God We Trust"
was issued in 1864, The dollar of regular
issue did not allow it until 1866. This da one
of tiae rarest of the pattern pleces.of the
serie.s, and a proof specimen brought esi. this
year at a coin sale.
In 1964 the new two cent pleoe went into
circulation and was the first and at the time
the enly coin in general circulation to bear
the motto "In Ged We Trust."
A pattern quarter dollar was issued at the
mint in 1865 which bore the regular design
of the year, but the reverse showed above
the eagle on a scroll the motto "In God We
inTriAuntspt.ai'tn'
1865 which bore the regular design
tern quarter dollar was issued at the
TIttio the year, but the reverse showed above
t e eagle on a scroll the motto "Ta God We
•ust.' This reverse die was adogted the
following year, 1336, when the quarter with
the motto made ita bow. The pattern quar-
ter of 1866 was struck both'in ailver and cop-
per.
A half dollar pattern of 1865 also showed
the same design as the regular issue bat with
the addition t,..?, the Iktfto, It was struck in
silver, copper and . utainura.
Following It came ther denominationa of
the current coinagethe silver dollar, quarter
eagle, half eagle, eagle and double eagle
patterns, each of which showed the motto,
Every one of these patterns was similar to
tlae regular seine, with the single exception
of the presence of the motto, They were
struok in gold, silver, cooper and alumin .
um, and some of them are now extremely
rare, the sliver dollar pattern particularly so.
A rare Sive eget pattern piece bearing the
motto "In•God We Trust," dated LW, the
- YpAer before t deno nation was lasued for
c culation, owe e same design as the
n kol adopte in 188 , whMh was the second
iselle of the niolvel five cent piece. Tbe
first regular issue of 1866 showed rays stir-
ronndlag the figure "6" between tha stars,
but the 1867 type omitted these rays. A
proof specimen of this rarity, of which few
are known, brought $8.25 at a Bale a good
many years ago,
In 1866 there wore mealy pattern and trial
pleoar, of the denomination of five cents,
quarter, half dollar, dollar, quarter eagle,
hea eagle, eagle awl double eaglo etrack at
the mint in Woke' and copper bearing tho
motto "In God We Trust," They were
sem.* apparently front the same dies that
'were used to strike all these denotainations
for general circulation.
One of the rare pattan .fflee cent pieces of
10,68 elsowed the head of Llacein on thgtt:f>tli,
verse and oroulad tho border "United
of Atnerica." AboVe the wreath en the re-
verse, which enclosed; the value, "5 emits,"
Miist Know His Business. -
William J. Bryan, on his last visit to
New York, declined to answer one of a
y g s . .
were fatal to effect, No ope Who bas 000 am melon unaer 20 yeare, These are pens. Theta was, yeti know, a young
ever studied a fine passage in one of not capable of leaving any estato. fountain pen sQesman veho, to his great .
the speeches of Grattan, or Brake, or Of the remaining number 181,000 on joy, eucceedred ob. his first trip in per- -
Bright (whose every sentenee was the average die without leaving any pro- suading a stationer to order 5,000 pens.
pensive like the face of a diamond), perty worthy of iippraisal, 3,vhilt5 37'7,000
ea i * th h But all of uad ea i ti '
n megme et t e words welled up leave appreciable heritages, From this it a e. en 0 sea ober s man-
ner teward the.yetifig man changed. 'I
out of A well-filled mind. or that they ae deduced that more than two out of counternmeid that order,' the stationer
were not eerefully tvritten mit Mal every three adulte of both sexes are cap -
committee to IllentOry, Most men italists on a. MeV oe emelt stale. batked, and hurried into his private of.
rice, slamming the door bellied him, Later
eihrink from the drtedgery of writ- In 1003 the total Amount of succession
tog their speeches; many men are so taxed by tho government Was 4,024,000,- hi the aey hie bookkeeper :Aid to this
tett:met: 'Ma I ask sir wh yea eo
afraid of their memory deserting them 000 francs or 084,800,000. Of this only 8 ell 1 ' . Y 'a '' Y .
eu t en y tounterinande your order for
at a criticel moment that they dere not 1,11:3,000,04 fatties, or $228.600 NO
attempt to remember the worde, avell left by milliotairees. - ' ' Was thoee fountain penst"The young sales,
man,' the other anewered, 'booked my
if they have written their speech out. Persons of small fortunes loft 3,181,. order in Toad pencil,'"
Lord Lyhdhutet declared that he Was '000,000 france at $756,20,000, Thies would
not equa,1 to the feat of following the indieate that the •wealth of Franee Was
thread of an argument on hi. legs, end held by rielt people and those in humbler
at the same time of thinking about the eiretunstanecet in. the proportion of II to
Words of a mantis:lint,. though he itd. 40, or terse then one.fourth of the Wealth
Mrs. Ilugglinse--Would you tall Mrs.
Itenpeekke SY/OMAHA Wile;
Illiggirie-01111). where her husoeul 14 OB.
Witte! that Lord Brougharri'e Method in the hands of the rich clam, ferned, She encrally giviog hint A
of writing was the better one, Bright But it IS not evon true thet the grees,t4ir piece of her mirt ,
1.119 mint engrevere evideotle did not de-
eoeir of .leavilig the Mettle pewee, Jot. a pat-
tern five vent piece et 1F.e.,6, the Year ot the
firet lesue of the ehoWed the hUst ot
washinetea surrett.odecl by the MOLD "God
and Our Country.'
'rho aulted Oleos Gape tsatted (vitae lea
erbeoli did not have the motto "In God Wo
Truett" wess the Mie cent Maio, the aeon
and nickel three °eat pieces aud the dellar
and three dollar gold pieceie togeeher with •
the 60 cent piece etrucie at San Francisca in
1866, the reverse of which does net certain the
moat), which tact rnaka4 tho epocimen worth 4
1 - 1 The Small Yield Cow.
HUNTING BEARS IN ALASKA. Dairying in the Milted Statea la depressed
by one element that must forever etand in
Some of the Biggest of the Bruin Fana the way to Week the cialryrnen trona talegep.
Hy Found in Far North. Teat commit is the emaii yield ow, and the
she Steer that coots Ste or VA a year tor
"There is good bear hunting on the Alas- keel) and returns hcr ewe $45 to 83.5 for Milk.
kan peninsula. I got seven grizzliee one af-
such owe, representhig au investment of
Many a milk producer with a herd of 30
tuneful, all of them within a quarter of a
milo and not over half an hourM time. The
omallest ef• tilena Wee a three -ear -old, and
I should ear they averaged 2,0e0 %funds.
Wok thirteen cartridges to hring the seven
down." milk than hie 35 Berubs give him. lie would
Grant G. Claaso, huuter aud prospector, 'Jays the feed of eighteen COWS, with all Um
who for eleven years has spent most of his hard labor and other costs of their keep, and
Ums in the Alaskan wilds, arossed his knees he would be in the way to make money,
in reminiscent faehieu at the Sherman Rouse There Is in eight no (Mango la farm and
this morning and told a few beer storiee on market conditions that premises ever to put
the eve of returning to his favorite Inmate. preflt into dairying carried on with cows
UAW or S1,2•00, in Iceing money regularly,
aud must loose as long, as he iusieta ea
operating ytith each cows. Ho can invest
his $1,200 say, twelve Owe that cost we
apiece, and these coati will give him more
Then for corraboration there is tho testi-
mony of Mrp, Chase, who or several years
has shared her huabaht1M life and who has
kePt a diary wherein Is faithfully recorded
that average 1,000 to 1A00 (melee, ef milk
per hoed per year, and producers may as
well open their eyes to this truth. The prop-
mation to make milk with such cows is an
absurdity, becauee It is proved beyond all
tho aumbor of bear, caribou, ilea otter and 1 insh,,00spuseeibyeivliegrtoto got out of it when it is sca is
other fur bearers brought down daily and of doubt that they put mere
"1,:e market. The student of milk produotion
their milk than they can ever
acalrtolfeutlhieure,,as, ucornaitrunutesa oxf rt,heohbaigs ge.es,t,ostkoleosul, ,s9 is
surprised every day to observe what a
"I suppose I have killed E00 or 650 bears
large number of herds he will finu that
a good deal of tny time has been given to
bead per year, The owners of these herds
At one time and another 1 haVe hunted heal. ' may that they "cannot afford better cows."
sonto ()tenser properties I am iuterested in or averages less than 1,800 quarts of milk per
the number might have been much larger.
but The truth la that they cannot "afford"
Pretty much all through the Rookies,
summer, in a tour of over 300 so-called
there isn't another plaoe to equal the Alaskan
peninsula.
"dairy faring" he found less than tWenty
these cowa. One correspondent says that last
there are the largest in the world, A. full
"Big? Well, I'll toll you. Those bears up
net returnso from, their milk sold at the
herds whose average yield was largo enough
measured thirteen feet Nur inches long and average price of the year. The twenty who
grown male weighs from 200 to 2,600 pounds. to bring the cost of production inside of the
The skin of the largest fellow I ever lcilled
thirteen feet three !notes weed from toe- owned these herds were making money. The
I aay that with Mrs. Chase to help me I conclusion is 1nevitable.—New York Farmer,
nail to toenail, I can lift as much as the other 180 owners were losing money on their
aVerage man, but I'm telling It atraight wnen small -yield herds, The leS50 11 18 plain, The
_______
opuldn't turn that fellow over on his back
VIGOR.
to skin him.
COWS NEED CONSTITUTIONAL
on miechief, ever got to me. An old female,
"Twaaty feet is the nearest a bear, beat
This is the element that producee en -
whose cub I had brought down, came for
dueance under great strain of any sort—
me one day and she wae mad. She was
sixty or seventy yards distant and in a Mulch
in the race aorse under the strain of ter.
of alder when I took my first shot at her. .
rifle epeed, in the milch cow under the
then she saw me and came for me in earnest.
'She got up and came out in the clearing and
I worked my gun pretty rapidly and the •
strain of enormous production. Under
alias took effect. She was about six paces
the strain of a severe climate it is called
awaamyrws.hoehnasser anddro Ippgoodt.
a acare once, though, ht jaiirsdineeslems.enItlies pesrepseecnicaellyormattbnsifenesete ionf
w3 ohodad, Dtuhte uopnly.baykrianidaa'avaoirlailbLu!'"Wec wtheirtre yonoeungtheoyf iitihVe°
in rather a ludicrous way. I had three
years Mrs. Chase never saw a white woman,
camps in a lonely region where for three the growth and aevelopment of the
adni faf egrernoltv
ibtil:letedhosu. t Ospfeoitial
going from one acaup to another when I care or attention; of the other they
brought down a bear.
perish easily if they do not have the
"eve were in no hunry, so we stepped,
built a fire and had aome lunch. After best of care. The difference is simply
tureel—tovent au hour after the shooting—we
went down into the gulch where the bear
was lying. Mrs. Chase was carrying an
alumininum teapot. I got her to help me to
turn tho bear over, and I was about to re-
move his hide when the big fellow suddenly
came to life.
"You should have seen Mrs, Chase go up
that hillside. The best of it was, in spite
of her haste, she took time to restme her
teapot. I believe I Jumped about twenty
feet myaelf, If that hear had been in shape
to do damage there might have been' some
trouble—but be wasn't. As a general thing
there isn't much adventure—it's too easy."—
From the Chicago Post.
*
A JOLT TO A JINGO.
The Toronto Saturday Night has the
following incident:
A good story has reached the city
concerning a speech recently delivered
in Washington, D. C., -by alr. J. A. Mac-
donald, editor of the Globe. Mr. Macdon-
ald, who has been much in demand as a
public speaker, was one cif the leading
orators at a big Y. M. C. A. gathering
at, the American capital a few weeks
ago. The meetings were held in a big
hail NVMell accommodated about 8,000
people. The Toronto editor was on the
programme for the second night.
One of the speakers on the first night,
was the Governor of one of the Caro-
linas—a big, fat, clean-sha.ven man,
seeming to be the personification of the
being the illustrated papers ar fond of
portraying as the politician of the beef
trust type. Even though it was an in-
ternational occasion, and many of tlie
ambassadors of foreign powers had
se.ets on the platform, he chose to grow
eloquent in a jingoistic strain. In loud
tones he dilated on the magnificent
resources of the country and reminded
them that the United States supplied
the world with fifty per cent. of this,
eighty per cont. of that and• ninety per
cent. of something else. Ameng other
things he said the United States supplied
the world with ninety-seven per cent. of
peanuts.
Annoyed at this inopportune jingoism,
some of those present asked Mr. Mac-
donald to say someehing in his speech on
the following night to offset it. Others
facetiously dared hien to use the word
peanuts. He did both. As he rose to
speak he was encouraged by three Can-
adians, who occupied seats at the front'
of the hall, who rose and. sang "The Ma-
ple Leaf." His subject was "The Call of
the Nation," and he pointed out that the
greatness of a natron dia not consist
alone in the magnificence of its re-
seurces or the length of ite railways.
Then he warmed up with his robust elo-
mienee.
"It may be true," he said, "am we
were so beautifully and eloquently
told last night that you supply the
world with ninety-seven per dent. of
its peanuts, but it Is also true thae.
your mills are starving for the pulp
from the forests of New Brunswick
and Quebec. As the nations of the
•old Woeld watch the growth and de -
continent, What a noble si
velopment of this Nortglhit iAtmweirlileabne
to see on the northern half a nation
built upon a pile of pulpwood and on the
southern half a nation built on pile
of peanuts."
The point told, but the Americans
took it good naturedly and joined In the
general cheer.
1
His Shoulder Dislocated 41 Times.
"It's out again, Doc," was the com-
plaint of William Hanagen to Dr. Mayer
of -the dispensary staff the other day.
The man's shoulder was dislocated and
the physician ,placed aim -under the in-
fluence of a.n anaesthetic and twisted the
injured member back in place, elt was
the forty-fitst time that Tranageo had
his shoulder "set." Last Tuesday he en-
tered the dispensary. It was the fortieth
time the accident had happened to him
and he told the physician it was an
"even forty,"
"I have set Henke:ma shotilder twelve
o'r fifteen times," Dr. Mayer said. "Every
few days he aernee into the dispensary,
teed the same weak is done each time.
Became of his work as eabinet worker
the injiired arm must be left free to
move. To -day Ilanaaran apparently wee
all right when he reached behind him for
a tool, The motioe Nursed the shoulder
to dip Out of place, and it,s usual the
num stopped his work and mine here.
Iie keeps count, and he lute just had the
injury repaired forty.one 11)1100-- In-
ditinapolis Times. '
y
Phatleigh—Everybody tells Me that
kin not as istout tie used to be. Wig-
wag, --Yes, notice yottr hair getting
thinner,
in constitutional vigor or vital force
born in -the calves of thee one and not
in the calves of the other. The differ-
ence continues throughout the lives of
these animals. It may not be mani-
fested so conspicuously in after -life,
yet it affects all their relations to their
food, care and proauctions. In what
cloes it consist? Irf it In posseseing
what is sometimes called the nervous
temperament? Not infrequently we
find the offspring of breeds that lay
especial claim to this temperament, es-
pecially lacking in the ability to live
and rapidly develop without special
care. It is a secret force hie.ean in
the race, in the breed and in the ani-
mal. Perhaps it may be properly
called the vital temperament. The
bulls of the Holstein -Friesian breed
possese this vital force or temperament
more etrongly than those of any other
improved daiey breed. The breedees
in Holland and Friesland hive always
avoided in -and -in breeding. In proof
that this breed; has maintained a high
standard of vital force we point to its
use in &most every climate, including
that of Northern Ruseia nearly up to
the Arctic Circle. Its calves are rais-
ed without difficulty. Taken from
their dams at three days old, and rea-
sonably fed on skim milk and a little
oil meal, they grow like weeds. Given
•plaiety. ee food, aaanatter if most of it
isietetaaliage, theyetleeelop rapidly.- The
heifers usually drop their calves at
about two years old, and ;henceforward.
are profitable to their owners.
20,778 POUNDS MILK FROM ONE COW
IN 12 MONTHS.
Visitors of the Ontario Agrieultural
College during the pe.st summer were
shown a Holstein -Friesian cow, callea
Boutsje Q. Pietertje DeKel, which was
expected to produce twenty thoueend
pounds of milk within the year. As a
matter of fact, she has actually exceed-
ed thie estimate. From Oct. 27th, 1906,
to Oct. 26th, 1007, she has given 20)778
pounds of milk, testing a fraction over
3.76 per cent., and containing 781.91
pounds of butter -fat. The east of the
feed, as charged up by the College au-
thoritie.s ivas $72.66. The value of
the butt'er-at, st priees that have been
paid neighboring farmers by the College
ereaanery, was $190.38. If the 20,000
poupds of skim milk and buttermilk
were to be valued at, say, 20e per cwt.,
it would amount to $40. Adeling this
to the value of the butter -fat, the total
yield of •butter -fat and skim milk would
equal $230.38. Deducting the coet of
feed, we have a profit, over feed con-
sumed, of $157.72. At the price of cream
which have been received during the
past year by her former owner, Mr. Geo.
Rice, of Tillsonburg, Ont., the butter fat
in this eow's milk would have been worth
$224.57. The skim milk in this case
would have been, say 175 cwt. woeth.
05, making total proceeds of 8250.57;
or a profit over cost of feed of 5186.91.
To state thie cow's record another way,
acording to the rule for estimating but-
ter yield by adding one-sixth to the but-
ter fat, the estimated quantity of but-
ter which could have been made front
the cow's miLk was practically 912 1-4
patinae, whieh is about six times the
yield of the average cow of this coon -
try. This is a wonderful record-, one
which very few cove would be capable
of nutkiug. Prof, Dean writee that eo
for AS he is awaie, it is one of the best,
if not the best, ever made Oanaaa,
and he dotibts whether any cow begin-
ning her record before she was four
years old had a better one, --Farmer's
Advocate.
VALUE OF A PURE-BRED SIRE.
A few poor cows may do little porma-
nept harm to the dairy herd but a poor
sire will do untold dama,ge. Frequently
dairymen hold the peeny so close to the
eye it is impossible eee the dollar a
little farther off, and this is just what
a man is doing whe has tt good dairy
herd of grade oowe and thinles be is econ-
omizing by buying a poor or even WM"
mon sae.
If the good pure-bred sire improves the
milking capacity of his daughters only
one and one-half pounds of milk at a
milking, above the production of their
dams this would moan an nicrease of 900
pounds of milk for the tea months or
300 days an ordinary cow should give
milk. The daughter would also be a much
more persistent milker, that is, would
give milk for a longer time in the year
and she would regain her flow of milk
better after an unavoidable shortage of
feed as in a summer drouth. These
daughters may certianly be credited with
1,000 pounds more milk per year than
their dams produced. At the low esti-
mate of $1 pee 100 pounds. this extra
amount of milk would be worth $10 per
year. The average cow is a good produc-
er for at least six yeare, or until she is
eight years old. It will on the average
be four years after purchasing the sir
before his flat daughters will have
brought in the fiat extra, $10. Eight dol-
lars aml tweety.three cents kept at
compound interest for these four years
at 5 per cent. will equal $10. So the
daughters improvement or increase of
ine,ome the first year is worth $8,23 at
the time her sire is purchased.
If the heifer ealva are to be raised for
dairy cows there is absolutely no busi-
ness or reason on eerth for keeping a
arab bull. The dairymen who thiok
there is pay heayy price annually for
maintaining the tradition. The arab
bull is tee most expensive and extriva-
gent piece of cattle flesh on the 111.1M.
He does not stop at being merely worth-
less but wili lase the farmer the peke of
two or three good bulls every year he
is kept, The dairyman could not afford
to keep a scrub bull if the anima. were
given to him, if he Nvere paid far board-
ing the beast and giving a premium of
$100 per year for using him. The prea
enee of the snub in so many Illinois
herds—many times without 11 single
qualification except, that he is male—
is an offence and disgrace to the dairy
bueiness and a plain advertisemeat
the dairyman's. thoughtless bid for M-
ore. The only thiug on earth the scrub
sire is good fov is eausage and it i$ Ligh
time that this plain and simple triii•h
was given practical acceptance on every
dairy farm.
By all ineaus get a good dairy sire if
you have to sell two or three cows to do
it. The improved sire is without ques-
tion the most economical investment in
any dairy herd.
Wilber J. Fraser.
Chief of Dairy Husbandry,
University of
:
Dowager Empress of China.
"China is developing a military
spirit that will make it a power in
the East in time," said E. T. Williams,
Chilies° secretary of the American
Legation at Pekin, who arrived in
Washington last night. "This has
taken form in the organization ot
an army of 80 000 men drilled by Jan-
anese officers, which will form the
nucleus for a greater army, perhaps,
tilaa any aow.existent in the urient.
The Chinese Government has realiz-
ed that if it is to protect its interesta
in the great struggle of nations It
must train its people along modern
military lines.
"The Dowager Empress is a NVO-
man of strong character and great.
foece, and although more than 70
years old is capable of holding her
own in the international game of
diplomacy. She is small of stdture
and not strong physically, but she
is the dominating spirit in the Ohio-
ese Empire. She has established the
Government on a firm basis and if
she were to die there would be no
danger of the dynasty, waich has
been in power about 260 years, dying
with her. No one in China, except
perhaps her blood relatives, knows
the name of the Empress. She is
addressed officially by a long line of
titles, but there is no mention of
her name, even in private inter-
couree.—Froin the Washington Post.
_a: I
Were Nagged by 'Their Wives.
Rip Van Wingle.
Socrates.
Petruchio.
Agamemnon.
Joseph Gargery.
Solomon.
Mr. Caudle.
Mr. H. Peck.
Beadle Bumble.
Any additions sent in to this list will
be regarded in the strictest confidence.
00411004)0440004)404442.0000
Most people know that if they have
been sick they need Scotra
.sion to bring back health and strength.
But the strongest point about ..S4cotea
Einutsion is that you don't have to be
sick to get results from it.
It keeps up the athlete's strength, puts fat
on thin people, makes a fretful baby happy,
brings color to a pale girl's cheeks, and pre.
vents coughs, colds and consumption.
Food in concentrated form for sick and
well, youtig and old, rich and poor.
And it contains no drugs and no alcohol.
ALL Dnuacns.ra 600. AND $1.00.
4140410.14000040140140•4404400044
New York used to throw into the 000 the,
non-coneamable wetter of its garbage.
That seatent a all changed AOIV. The Suai
eays thut the eshee and heavy rubblelt
suitable for the purpose are used to
build new land for the city. At Iliker's
already, Each ucre le worth 1101, 1001
Island eighty-four acrea Lave been made
than $10,000. Within four year$ 285
neres more will have been made, land
built up from the bottom, made by tile
city, adaptable to many umnitepel uses,
and made with what four years ago
would have been dumped into the eelk
at heavy expense. The ligliter lea/Walt 14
picked over by a contractor who pays
for the privilege, and the rejected mat-
ter is burned to produce power for light-
ing. In this way a revenue of $52,000 a
year is realized from an investment of
$83,090, the money received for the pick-
ing franchise paying the expenses of op-
eration. On the whole New York's street
claming departfnent appears' to be oper-
ated on lines of economy. It has mead
to be a bill of expense and yields good
profit. eked it is a legitimate "industry"
e
The Chicago Tribiale says there Ls
money in utilizing hardwood waste. One
concern in Michigan has established s
plant to uae up slabi, tops, butts, and
limbs, and from one cord of this ma-
terial there is made ten gallens tee wooa
alcohol, 983e per cent, being pure; 200
pounds, of acetate ot lime, quicklime
being added for this purpose, and fifty
bushels of cliarcoal. Every product of
the wood except the charcoal passes off
in the form of gas, and is reduced by
distillation. Some irreducible gas and a
little tar product are u.sed as fuel. Noth-
ing is lost. The alcohol is worth 60
cents a gallon. The acetate- of lime is
worth two cents a pound, and the chae-
coal is \teeth ten cents a bushel. The
value of the final product of the eord
of refuse wood ie thus not far from $14.
And the plant is not costly as to either
establishment or operation.
e
Rev. Geo. E. Reed, President of Dick-
enson College, thinks most young minis-
ters are educated. into mental lethargy.
Thal training is too much devoted to
booke and tiro little to men. "They talk
about having .studied this and' that and
taken post -graduate couxses in sociology,
and what not. All this is nonsense.
What they should kaow is how to reach
men and to know them. Men, and. not
books, should be known, for it is to
reach men that the Gospel is preach-
ed." He thinks they also attempt too
much. "The prestater nowadays is ex-
pected to be a book agent, money- collec-
tor, church paper agent, head church
bazaars and teas, dine out, and, in fact,
do almost everything but weat he
veimilta He is expected to do so much
that he shadd not that the minister
hardly has an hour in the week to study
the Word.e He favors a ministesrial "M-
surrection" for the good of the profes-
sion.
v
China and the United States have not,
yet been able to agree on a treaty, but
since the threatened Chineee boycott
things have been made easier for the
celestials in the domain of Uncle Sam.
The Exclusion Act is not. so rigidly en-
forced, for one thing. In September last
283 Chinese were admitted into that
country, and 11 rejected, In the same
month of 1904, 128 were admitted and
85 rejected. Formerly a bond of $500
AIMS required of the transportation com-
panies for every Chinese in aransit
through the country and no laborer was
allowed in transit. This bond, we under-
stand, has been done away with. It will
now be difficult to distinguish a laborer
from a merchant, and an influx of the
former looked for.
It is said that two hundred and fifty
shoplifters were caught in Montreal
Stored last Saturday afternoon and
night. Five hundred private detectives
watched the departmental and other•
large -stores there with the above result.
Not one of the 250 were prosecuted.
Why? Because, we are told, it a a set-
tled policy with the big dry goods
stores of Montreal not to prosecute
when they can avoid it. Publicity of tlie
kind entailed in a police court they be-
lieve to be harmful to their business.
They only prefer charges when 60Me
very valuable article is lifted or where
some notorious thief is the culprit. In
all cases, however) the party detected is
usually made to sign a confession of
guilt, which is carefully locked away to
be used should the party be found eteal-
ing a second time.
There is one way in which the United
States Miners' 'Unions could turn their
power for concentrated effort to an
portant use. Conjointly with mine own.
ers, or acting for themselves, they
should take steps looking to their own
protection and prevention against the
known dangers which face them at their
oeetipation, !the presence of gas and
dint of explosive quality is a eonstant
and continuing peril which tan only be
counteracted by a thorough, systema-
tieed, unremitting enforcement of pre-
ventive methods of operatioft and expert
inept aion, Laws are of no .avail that•
are not enforced by men educated
the detail and all the danger incident
to ene of the most Imeardous of human
und. ?takings, Careless aad ignorarit men
emst fie. protected against the resalts
their carelessness and ignorance.
All Things Rave l'heir thee.
"Do you think you will give any mutt,
cake this winter?'
"Yes," answered Mr. Cantrox„ "1 .
thent. They give me a charme to keep
instead of invitieg eritieittatis any
[grammar from mother Alla the girls."
WAShington .Star: