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The Blyth Standard, 1902-09-04, Page 2r " " " ' OOOOOOOCODDdOODOD00DODp THE VALUE OF HUMUS v000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001 Dept rt inen1 of Agrleult1or. Ottawa, Aug. 21. 1t+02. Too much importance eannot ho given to the value of humus in the growth of crops and hl Ihr mainte- nance of fertility, It is the N atural storehouse aid keeper of nitrogen In the turd, an element which is the meet ex- ppeeustve of all plant timis when 11 becomes necessary to putt ease 11 In commerolal fortillzeri, Humus fur- nishes the food upon which the poll Ytsro+orgnnistns live, and which b their Ilio functions convert itN Organic nitrogen Into nitrates. It possesses cone:dernble amounts of the mineral food oonetituents. These, In the further decomponitlon of the humus, a process continually going on to summer, are liberated in Corms available to growing crepe, and from recent expertmente and research by Prof. Shutt, chemist, of the Central EOpertmeutal Fnrnt, Ottawa, there la reason to believe that Ole mineral bumates furnish a barge proportion Of the potash, hrme and so on, used by crops. Then humus Nerves to In- crease the absorptive and retentive power of Node for moisture. It Itegulstes sad Protects agatnet extremes of soli tempera- ture. It opens up and tneduwe heavy sous. It verve', to materially aunt - Jill the lose of ferttl.ttng elements by drainage, and thus permanently im- proves tight soils iu the best way. Thus it le evident that humus whou.d be regarded as a soli component of it very high order. The relatdou of humus content to attrogen present in sale of similar Origin under similar tui tcorologtcal conditions Is pructit''nity conetunt. It has been noteeed, toe, that the amount of humus present gives an etoeUent thought not nn ,nfalllble In- dicatlon of the amount of organic nitrogen possessed by the Noll. It bas also been oboe ried that N the humus tAsttppeurti the nitrogen goes with It. Etlsteing the substance of the Boli to the air, as by out ordinary' methods of farming with the plough, harrow ant so ort, tondo to dtssip.,te the humus, end, ail a Valera! Connate. nee, to di (menee the nitrogen. eerier growing grain ex - elusively every year lose Imre nitro- gen by this humus °xi:Latent titan le remove! In tete crop, and )hie lose is greateat to those Nu11e which are Olefiest in nitrogen. Experiments at the Minnesota, U. M. A., Experiment Station glowed that for every "u pocnde of nitrogen absorbed by the envvp, grain following grain for a num- or of years, 146 pours* of nitrogen were lost, due to oxidation of organio patter. These are facto that are of the ut- most importanoo, and worthy of study by farmers in Canada, not only Jn tho older Provinces, but oleo In those western areas which are over- laid by phenomenally fine toile. During the lust thirteen years a /meat many Canadine malls, both vir- _and cultivated, have been exam - teed to the laboratories of our Ex- perimental Farms The rolls thus ex- amined here been representative of Largs areas In every Province in the Dominion. Judged by the standards accepted by agricultural chenlets Many voile In Canada proved fully as Bleb to Tient Food is the moot fertile trolls of any part GI the worht, particularly theeo dolls Is )Manitoba and the Northwest Ter- ritories; and tho analyse by Pro- fessol' Shutt have proved them equal to t$ renowned Meek soil of Russia. alt all til° other I'rotinces there are virgin soils of moro than average fertility, comparing most favorably With those of other countries. She ascertained amount of plant fold oontafnal in an acre of soli taken to a depth of eight inches, a quantity that would weigh t 8,600,000 pounds, Protes- aol $hatt eelinuttee, from luboratical stpertmente, to be, In our rich soils, frail 10,000 to 20,000 p:vunds of ni- trogen, from 15,000 to ::.5,000 ponnde of pretaeh, and from r,,000 to 10,000 pounds of phosphoric acid. Similarly la soils of goon average fertility he loaf found from 2,500 to 6,000 pounds of nitrogen, from 6,600 to 11.000 tzpde of potash, and from 3,600 to 0 pounds of phosphoric acid. While these vast stores of plant toed are truly present. but in a very email percentage of them ie im- mediately available to plants, oth- erwlee toile might soon become ex - handed by the leaching of the food OOflltituents below the reach of roots, and by tho selfish practices of farmers who world return nothing to the soil. Oao of the chief tune - of mechanical processes for distributing moo is to louden the eoneerelon of inert material into thole moro valuable componnde al- raedy referred to. 'rim principal ob- ,isst in applying manures and fertil- isers Is to add to this Store of Available Platte Wood. The quantity of soluble food so add- ed Iv insignifioant compared with that already pretreat in an insoluble Sate, but the increased *yields re- sulting folly demonetrnte that a sill's productiveness should be tnetin- ared by the ntuounte of its plant food wht^b are more or les avaii- abie, rather than by the amount', of that 'town by the extraotion by a method of nnaly/AR employing strong mtnerat unite. This view cannot be unduly emphasised, for it explains In a large degree the tattle of the clo- ver crop ns a fertiliser, The legume,, of which clover 1s a prominent member, have it souroe for their nitrogen other than and additional to that prevent in the soli. • The careful researches of Holt - Segel. Wllfarth, end other ohem- istr, and the ctoerlments at tit° Ex- ',Pimentol farm, at Ott,tw t, Sarre ebowh taint the legumes • °Mein tier uilrtp,rn of the nit• folding in the iulerslices between the soil part Ivies through the agency of eeriniu micro-organisms present In the toil. These bacterin attach thelloed ('s to the roots of lite grow- ing clover or other legume. and form thereto nodules or tubercles. These nodules, ewnrming with their eount- Iese Inhabitants, are to be fount) In elites varying from a plat's head to a pea end frequently scattered Int vast nowhere over the roots of the legume. When they are abeett the Mover, ns regards ite nitrogenous food, Is in the same category as other plants. The nitrogen elabor- ated by then' microbee 1e passed on to the host plant and it is there built up inrto the usual uttrogenons, compounds of the themes of the roots, stem anti lea vet. These facts .i represent the most important Mace - very ht agricultural science of the nineteenth century. The chief Value et (1N1Ce Sneering, or the system of ploughing under a growing crop of clover, pier int the ad- ditiot of nitrogen otherwise mtob-' tainable. By the subsequent decay In the soil of the turned -under clover this nitrogen is set free, and con- verted by nitrification into avail-' able food for future crops or graite 1 fruit trees, roots, and the like. The I growth and harvesting of the nitro- gen consumer's have the soli poorer in. nitrogen ; tete growth of clover and other legumes, even when the crop has been, harvested and the rotate oo(y left, loaves tate twit in- variably richer lu that constituent. There are other advantages, though of lesser Importance, accruing from title method, Humus In large amounts le formed in the Boil from the or- ganic matter of the clover. In ad- dition to tale functions of manuring with clover there It the mechanical as well as the chemical improvement of the void, the addition of food ma- terials. rind the encouragement of microbic life within the toll. Then, too, const terable amounts of potash, pluepliorit nerd, omit !hue are ab - embed and built tip Into its tieeu08 dututg the growth of clover, Thee, In pert un tibtoinist from depths of the soil not remelts' by the roots of otlier fa rut crops: therefore the tasted -under clover crops can be (onslorrrd as adding largely to the minerttl supply of the teperlielai roil layer. The feature specially worthy of note, thought, In this eon- nection is that thle mineral tool now offered as !inmates for the use of succeeding crops is much more available than before the clover appeoprlated it : It has practically been already digested, and ire therefore, more easy of assimtia- tion. To these benefits most be nddel the goo.t work that clover does as a "catch" crop, preventing the lees of soluble nitrates and other plant toed througit the leaching potion of fall rains Since the spring of 1893 osetem- etle Intestlgatory work to deter- mine Ths Fertiilsleg Value of the (lover erop has been prose - cowl on the Central Experimental Farm at Ottawa, under the direction of Ur. W. Saunders, experiments on the branch(urine having started tomo three ee'tre later, In most of these trunk the clover has been wOWIt with grain, wheat or barley, In the spring, and this has always resultcel In a gad stand of clover before the eerie of the season, as It grows rapidly after the grain le harvested. If the land Is intended for groin the ploughint on ler of the Omer is done late in the autumn; If a crop of potatoes or Indian Cern la to be grown the next season the clover le left tilt the following spring, when about the ,second or third week in May the clover will herniae heavy, and (unfelt a large amount of material for turning under, It may be urged that the burying of a crop of clover is waste. This in a measure may be true, If the farmer has sufficient' stock to con - some it, for, by feeding it there 1s the opportunity of converting a part Into high-priced animal pro. ducta and returning to the troll practically 76 per cent. of the fer- tilizing elements of the crop in the waste product of the animal econ- omy. As nearly one-half of tho fer- tilizing value of clover is in the roote, 0 et'et the orop he harvest - NI and Nold olf, there k still a large addition to the soil's store of nvnllable plant fool, and the land 1e considerably enriched, Iler Pressing Need, " When Lincoln was Preeldent of the United ~mics," he said, "Ito took i caulk down Pemisyhttttitt avenue one COW wither et ening. During Ides dlr.dl ler met 0 poor, forlot•rt woman, ihiuly clad, itttirhtg tvltlt cold. When: Phe stns the 1'reetdont shim mistook • lien for tl nth.lxttr, nod, fnhtig upon her knee,, with lands uplifted, begged hie blessing, saving that cite had three nun II children at home start -- (Ind free/Aug to death, She said: ' 011, 'Me. \tial err, pray to the Lund to help me.' When she had fittlsIIPt PretIdett Lincoln said: 'Mt' good walnut!, it's not n ministers that yott need. You need n griteer,' and the President took n card nut of hie poeket and gave her tut order for $26 worth of provisions," Solll in the Mooney. "I deeply regret, ler, but honor attar my altered circumstances com- pel me to reletise your daughter from her engagement. I cannot enter your (amity a tieggnn In the recent deal in .North End ,looks I' lost my en - the fortune." "Nat another word 357 boy -net another word, I got Int." Sunday School. INTIKItNATIONAI. hKSSON NO. IX. AUGUST 31, 16108, 'i'ht• itrnzen Serpent,- Num. 21: ill Condor t i t •}.-- Connecting links. It has note 'tern thirty-uhte ,burs aril sit nluathH sitter lite thildt'ett of Israel left i?8;611. It had been more that tidrt.-right years since they first urtivcd at landed'. louring Ihtee ycvn'e they have changed their loe.ul- ity many times, and yet Kadesh has been tie Ir headquarters, for in chap- ter xt. 1 we find thein still there. It ht hmwesilde to follow them with certainty in all their wanderings, be- muse of such a wide gap In the his- tory. Kurtz tuggeets tlutt the Netat- trrtrl parties were successively vis- tas' by Moises and the tabernacle. 1. King Arad -Arad was the name of a country, not of a king. See 12. V. The spies -Tills was the Name of a place 0tt1i141 1n. it. V. Athttrim. Took prisoners -'A slight repulse is often beneficial in ire effects. Title taught Israel to look to Jehovah for help, as we Had In the next verge." 2. Utterly destroy- Before tide thine there had twee no command to destroy the ('aunanitew with the sword. But in the promise of Abrt- hetni Olen. xv. 131 we have an intima- tion of the judgments that would fall upon the, 1morites when their In- iquity timuhl hr full. 3. Destroyed their -But )hie could not MVP been till later. hr. Marko Wks this verso watt Inserted later ty u copyist. 4. Mount )for -Mount nor was 'nn the border of Edom, and was the 'Mountain on which Aaron died it is the !lightest peak in the sandstone ridge of Mount 13rir, which extends along the eastern elle of the Ani- bal', from near the lead Sea, to the Gulf of Akabak. Wray of lht Rei Set -Tire leruelttee were now ready to enter the land of promise. But from Morcel ilor the march into sottlte•n Canaan war Imprno- ticable on a ceunl of the mount- alns. Much discouraged -"They had expected to enter Veneto at once and their dieappoiniment vexed Sem." 6. Spoke against (hod -This was the New Israel rn.l,e;i up In the wtltlernese. Their disobedient fath- ers have perished durhty the trot thirty-eight years. But the new Israel is strikingly like the old, faltering, murmuring, blamtngtheir leaders anti dletruethtg God. - Steele, Title light bread -This vile, worthless bread fit only for child- ren, not having enottgb substance sor men itnd soldlere. 6. Sent fiery serpents -It le not probable that the retpentg were created for this purpose, but be - canoe of the obstinacy of the peo- ple the Lord permitted the rep- tiles to gather 1n the camp and afflict the Israelites. They hurl concluded they must die In the wilderness, and Clod took them at their word, so that many did die." God had wonderfully preserved Hie people from there serpents, until they murmured. This was a Just punishment for their unthankful. neo. 7. .('ams to Mower -The severe Judgment from God had made them aware of their sits; tit' Ir cottrcititces were aroused We have eimted-TI)ey are ready to make confesttou..It was (1) thorough, (el personal, Ili) clearly stated. Their sine were defined; thei convictions were clear. And agafuttt Thee -"It is easier to confess our sine against God than it le to make ncknowledgtneitt of wrong to man.' Pray unto the Lord -The great source•• of help for the prisoner is prayer. They had confidence in Moses' prayer. to times of affliction men teen to some power higher than titemseivee for assistance- Meeker prayed -His prayer was answered, but not tis he expected. God has Hie own way of doing things. The people must be taught a lesson in faith. For the people --Titers 1N scarcely any record of Muses praying for hlms>If ; his prayers are generally for others. He was the meditator of the old cov- enant as ,Issue le pf the new. Gal. 111. 19.-Whedon's Com. 8. A fiery Nero:ea-Moses no doubt expected the serpents to dlenppear as the plagner had In Egypt, but in- stead of this he is directed to pro- vide an antidote for those who were bitten, and thus the Lord uses Moses as an instrument in the relief of the people. When he itoketh shall live -The bitten Isrtaelite had elmpty to look lit Gal's remedy -pot to himself, or his wounds, or those around him, but he meet fix his gaze on the brazen serpent. If he refused or neglected to do that, there was nothing for hint but drttit he was abut up to the brawn serpent, which watt God'tt eNclnslvr trnnrdy. 80 lbn shite' Is called( to I:xrk to Christ. Moses tante it errpent - 11e ehnwtd itis perfect confidence in (to.l's Iden. And it mime to paste -Tho plan of Gat never faille H) hail niche It isestibir for evens afflicted p.raon to be hen.lid. No dist int"' ft'ntt the serpent could 'muse fall- ere. t look of faith toward the ex- tended serpent brought relief. Then' , desire for life was determined by their own nttlone. Tide forms a very perfect type of our enivation by ,Imes Christ. PRACTICAL OUR VEY. hr events of which this lesson is 1 a inn occurred towards the close o0 the wnnderinge of Israel in the wit= dements, nal suggest to us two leacd- ing thonghte: One of eneonrage- taent and one of admonition. Ulfflotltiee Invariably cross the p tthwny of those who are in the way of duty. The It'mnelltee had started about forty yet re before under divhta guidance for the "land of promlee." God had been their defentte by deet end by night and now, Imes as ittry were about to enter uptn tha prom - 1.140 possession, "King .trnd the ('an- twitdte fought against Israel and took some. of them prisone'e," Whet a tort title wire to them. The second general thought to that of admonition. Shortly after their victory over the ('oannanhes, the Ed- ennttes refusal them passage through their coquetry. They had made (heir way to the tams of Moab on the east of the Dead :lea and there "the soul of the people was much discour- aged became) of ' he way." The me- mories of poet victories neither did flee Could afford thele the heeded altpport. When new contacts con- front the soul there must be a epirit of abiding trust and confidence in order to continued security. This was laraeis lack, and, becalm' of their enrcasses fell In the wlidernees. What a cad condition, yet "when God's judgments are abroad in the earth men consider." Sir here "the people came to Moses and mid, 'N's have sinned, for we have spoken against the Lord, and agatnit thee. Pray lutito the Lord,' " etc. (bio- sciout, of their own unworthiness they now value and plead for Moses to intercede in their behalf. God ans- were them in a singular way. "Tia Lord said unto Moses, make a ser- pent of brass, and put it on a pole, and it came to page if a serpent had bitten any man, when he beheld the serpent of bras he lived." The Israelites In this terrible con- dition are the representatives of she- ful men. See John III. 14. (bnslder the disease -tire 'penton. of serpents surging through them. Flo the virus of aln works in every sinner's life, Internally felt and externally shown, and as the trend of the poison count- ing through the veins of the Israelite foretold death, Ito with every sinner who Is also without human, means of deliverance. Consider the remedy. God provided it. There was only the one remedy. It was lifted up. This has Its parallel Int Christ, It was the gift of Gol. "Got gave hie only begotton Son," No other name given among men whereby men may be saved. A dap Parent's Letter, The letter that follows was tipper- entiy sent by a Japanese father to tho mtesion where hie daughter welt to school, They used it there for a newetreper wrapper, and ea it reaoh- rd Warren, Pa., In its mutilated Corm. Tao bac), for one would have given something to know tho end of tete grateful ,hip's pursuit of the "very abundant /lea" that plagued Mies Mateuoka's dreams, in spite of her complete ter/ good conduct": 'akyo, Neatly, Jn 12th 1899 Mia Canines) My dear, sire, I beg your pinion: I could be father of Mho Matsuoka kel and I tnipllyt be manifested a gratitude you which make nty daughter com- plete very good conduct. Because that she should be made complete more good Writing, Rending, Noting, Sewing ppio- ture or other %lance, ever than haul been in herself halve. I may tidnp en for this reneoa your kitutness education, ear- naetly I should thankful you for reverence all. Moreover I vrottld ?conceit to take out very abundant Floe out from Miss Matsuoka's boaritng room. Ilcoause I could iietin ihnt count Bleep every night for title many lege. What we Dab trtrenglh of character in onreelvice we are apt to pall stub- bornnese In other people. ••OON/Nvsfe, +•••1/•pt••N • FAMOUS HEADS AND HATS TO FIT. • ,••••••••••••••••••••••••, Tar FPI, J nuc t .tdtuiss,o.ts eunreru- her the e,ntt talon ta'twren famous heads and buts were the fruit of a chat with nu Indisputable ttulhority OR the sul'Jtttt-.t {tenth arab who lor yatrs has investing and made huts for royalty ant the leaders of the ittaldonable world at houto and aliment, says 1 otdui Tit -hits: 1t nvty interest you to know Hutt the hat industry hue out' peculiarity which should endoltr It to loyal Ixat- rlots-it le almost cxutestt,ly British, and ?he pritlsh ntgropoils Nets the fashion. Moro than that, the London fashions In Irate rule: the foreign mau•- kute to a. very rrmnrktable extetrt. The distinguishel moiety leaders in New York and Paris ell order and wear the latest Loudon faeldons. It Ie no egotism to state that the e1i1e tel the civilised worn send to London for their hats, txottust Lindon hat - 11,78 aro reoggtdztrl RR the smartest In the world. A11 the home ant foreign roynities envoy ue with orders. Every year 1 stmt big ooneiguut(mttt OI lutes abroad --to the Ruskin court, the roe el family of Germany, to the Dattttli oatrt, and to a multitude of oriole rates. Il is iateroatytg and appropri- ate to note at the present festive Reason that the gentleman who in our opinion !MN Hie most tnngitlflocnt heel ht the world be our beloved King. 1 had the distlttgulehe d horror of mak- ing Ulm MaJeslycs hate when he was Prince of Wnl's• His else le a full Hoven, and hie !read Is the most per- f(rtly proportlonei I Imve ever eeen. It has the unique peculiarity of being (trickery the same shape on either side. 1 Hie Royal Highness rho Prince of Wales lens a tint' oval-shaped head, and, tho else he takes is six and five- eighths. Ills shape rather reeembies that of tho Rtutetun Emp mor, but the else of the letter'r headgen.r is six and sever-elg)uthe. Our measurements are made with ouneutatnate care, and it Is our Invariable custom to keep a record and a east of each customer's heard. Ae to the appropriate height and dirge of a smart and stylteh hat WP eon often tender valuable coun- sel to our customers. When coneider- htg title matter I invariably note certain details of the face, head and figure, such as the formation of the cheek hone', the perpendicular meas- urement of the heed, the type of the nasal organ and the area covered by the ehouldere. All these and other details must be duly weighed before the style of a suitable hat can be tinder. O,in of the smallest hats I ever made for alt adult was for the colo- nel of n celebrated regiment, whose measurement demanded the unique Mee of six and a quarter. The largest tread I ever came across was that of n gentleman mitering from a painful malady which caused hie head to develop to an abnormal size. Hie etre was eight and a half, a meas- urement altogether out of the com- mon. BJate of my distinguished cus- tomers aro painfully particular that t'teir trate ehall be Scrupulously exact as to fit, !flattop and finish, and call personally • to place their orders. There aro others, on the contrary, who, after an Initial measurement and one or tree instruction, leave the rest to my Judgment. An Interesting contrast between heads tine intellects is furnished by the case of two of my oustomere, who are M. P'c. One gentleman, who has long occupied a most distinguish- ed position lit the House of Commons, actually wears ono of the emalieet irate I make, while the largest else is that affected by a member who le rarely ever heard about. My best cuetonter, from n monetary point of view, Is.rt gentleman in London who orders eighty new bate every year, and I ant informed on good outlier - By that ftp wears every one of them lin turn. As contrast to the foregoing, I mag tell you of another customer - a gentleman of title and very wealthy -who never orders more than sit huts a year, and gets so much attached to his old hate that before he finally done them they aro hardly fit to be seen. Lives Front Hand to Mouth. (Chep "Yes, Mr. Stebblut, you may kiss my hand," 'Thank you, Miss Billings;' Mtt is 0 Rafe, recording to my way oPiiv- Leg"" according to your wtty of Ily- Ing! Why, what do you mean, Mr. Stebbins?' "I live from hand to mouth, you know." MOST DREADFUL OF SKIN DISEASES A Chronic Case of Eczema of' 30 Years' Standing Cured by Dr, Chase's Ointment, The dement for Dr. C'hase's Oint- ment is ettonutous. It Is during the warm weather especially that there tit such green suffering from eosema and dialler ekiri diseases. That 11r, Chase's Olutment is a thosoegh cure for title torturing disease' it proven to hmtdretls of oases similar to the following: i Mr. O. H. McConnell, engineer 'in Flettry'e founlry, Aurora, Ont., Sates: "I believe that pr. Chase's Ointment is worth Its weight tq gold. 1Mr about thirty year. I watt, trosbieal with moon , and .meld not obtain any onrre'1 wag so nnfor- lunette ae to have bloc'-( p01500, and alit; developed in eezemn, the roost drt-i1ful of skin diseases. "1 MLR eo flit,, their: I would got up at night and scratch myself until (keit war raw and flaming. VIP tor- ture I endured 1s Minted beyond de- scription, and now I cannot say any- thing tot goat for Dr. Chase.) Oint- ment. It hits curet me, and I recom- mend It heraase I know there 1. no- thing so good for etching skint Mr. Frank Dabney, clerk' in W. Ihrtohnrt's hardware store, Meaford, Ont., elates: "I was troubled with Menton for four or five years, and triad a good m'tny remedies wiUtuut obtaining it cares; It was the worst on my fa°e, nal onueol me a greet deal of misery at times. As pot as I began ueing 1)r. C'hase's Ointment the itching and soreness were re- lieved, and now I believe that 1 as entirely curet). As it reeult I cannot )peat too highly of Br. Chase's Ointment." Few people realise the. suffering caused by townie and °tiler itching skin diseases. This is an example of what Tr. C'hast'e Ointment le doing In tete way of relieving suffering mankind. Many of the cures It brings about arc more like miracles than anything else; 80 cents a bot, at all dealers, or Edmonton, BatM & Co,, Toronto.