HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance, 1919-11-13, Page 71.
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CLEARING FILO FOR BATTLE
TO DECIDE FATE OF SOVIE
Civil Evacuation of 'shim- --
Xrd$11 Region Begun
"Reds" Gain.
LoUt1911, Cable — lete evil eleeetele
belt of the region between iehint and
letish, which, ft is cialected, will eoou
become the theatre Of decisive battles
egainat, the Bolshevild, lute begun, ac-
cording tO advires received here froth
Greek, -detect Nov. L
Oinek, as a Witter): bage, meet tion
be cleared of all ageless &amount, and
reeVe In the defence, according to the
melvices, but the supreme Governnor
and tee Goverment, as represented
11 the Council of Ministers`, will re -
Main.
BOLSHEVIK. CLAIMS,
Lowlon, Cable Occupatioe ef
eetlies4 villages seventeen miles
couthwest of. Peterhof tin the Petrie -
grad diatrict) 1 elaiined in a Bolshe-
vik comMunieation re.ceived here by
wirelette.
In the direction or Yamburg the
Bolehevik Pay they have advanced to
Kikarittio, west of Gathina, but adniet
retire -Meet to the right bank of the
Dube 'River, in the Politsk region, ow -
lug to enemy pressure.
ete BLOW TO YUDENITC111.
Loon, Cable — A member of the
Nctelhetest Rasstan Government has
rece'eteel"" a telephone message from
Bevel anuouncing that the city of
Mee' lias surrendered to the
It, true, this defeat cuts another
Qt'"-Geneial Yudeniteles lints of eont-
inutaicition.
SOME ODD POSTAGE STAMPS
'lettere° a postage stamp which,
Owe& actually used tor franking
letters,:was yet never sold! This Is
the curio -us steer attached to the
orignal, Egyptian Expeditionary Force
(etenutotilY ealled the Paleetine)
etheep. •
*mitten ag-ainet speculation,
it -wee, not laced 'on public sale in the
Usit0I Way, but was affixed by the
Peletae authorities themselves to letters
epote eeeteh postage had already been
Palk .•
ltes one seer collections, too, may
Imeeleeti a, typewriter tamp, headed
"G I.—Lon e Island," and of the,
tatearaille of. o. , shilling. Tata unique
proOtiett,on. was "issued"' by the Brit-
ish sefv-11 Administration. of Chustan,
Lent', 'elanc1s. in the Gulf of Smyrne,
eluting its. occupation in 1916.
The • inest singular feature of (be
stelae?Is hat it -Wee absolutely super-
flu:nth agettch, because the correspond-
ence et the Britishforces did not
require prepayment, and . th.e natives
could not ' be allowed, In the aromas
etancee, to communicate with th
outer world.
?eerier. London firms Preserve Rus
-
elan reiemps which were designated to
sem as. cuireney and then be used
for eestege. Printed during a teen
porary stareity of small cliange and
of three values—ten, Seten and twenty
kopecks—they bear o n the back this
inscription: "Having .' lelatioe on a
Par with silver subeidiary coins,' •
Just as remarkable is the British
How/eras stamp of 1915. When a
•consignment of stamp was ready for
deSpatch from London to•British Hon-
e/urge, a liumber of German raiders
Were at tette on the Atlantic, and
tneee was a "Mak that It iulght fall
intrt- the hands of the enemy and be
• tisedete, rob the trite h rey nue.-
Set the stampa were. overprinted
with a Moire design, that they might
be nestle, identilied. • The Germans,
hoestever, did net capture the etanms,
andthey stela sold in the usual way.
•
*fr er r+++44-4-44 10-te-•-4-•-•-••••-•-•
Pyiotechnis
.41 Warlare
. (Noe To
Despite the Import
fireWerks ist the sigh
SL'eares Mita is knco
history as imptente
liasatly any one
that ,therocart on
thes cannon- as- ti
weapole; that in
),oletea but its $u
revoattlonize bat
that fire..vorks
have beeli uitfllz
fOr centuries tot
defence as well
covering the op
Only in the
really. one in
cisaey throug
re,s, which
range 9f yari
the '-bupreine
Vet artillet
tietspue expe
• Prrot
The imp
hes% prove
thlas,(ovei
t ya'frevelop
trait:led
Schools
with ore
etty.
These
poae of
• thor
uses, o
ing fu
Thi
Corp
part
the
of
ti
0
,
it Sun.)
Mit part 'played by
ting of the past four
rt generally of their
nts of warfare.
Is aware of the fact'
co bld fair to displace.
e greatest offensive
any military experts
periority and sought to
tbs tactipa by its use;
Vb.ribus ;grange tonna
ed in iiiiiitarY °Pere -dohs
• purposes of attack and
as for eigna.11Ing and diss
erations of the fee.
last century haa artillery
to its own, and this prin-
h the rifling of gun ',ar-
se greatly inereased the
ous pieces as to make them
agents In cotiflict. -
y is in itself a result of con-
rimentation in ages past in
echnics.
ortante of fireworks having
d during the European war.
•nment has taken great pains
a brandlt of the army ;special -
in these lines. The result has
creation of the Pyrotechnic
of the Ordnance Department,
ees at 11.5 13roadway, Netv York
cchools were formed for the pur-
giveig a body ot selected students
ough trainina in the new military
f aerial fireworks and for discover -
ether possibilitiee In thetn.
branell of operations has been In
dted• way detailed to the Signal
s until 1917, when the Ordnance De-
ment took it oven By reation of astrirEtoommwermespamerfol
fact that the •first American troopa
gated to the Western fron, were sta.
tea with the lereholt a oa.rtleular study
the inethod.a employed by them was
ado by the Trench Warfare Heaton of
e office (lf the Chief Ordnance Officer
Z the American /expeditionary roree.
Asi tee British Goveenntent wet; using
tat nhltIlon pouition lIghta Monthly it tvas
necessary to adapt,the preduetion of our
martutaeturera te meet our own enor-
mous requirements. The greatly increased
dere/did in 1918 forted the °temente De-
partment to extend its plane.
Tias co-operation of fireworks inanufass-
turere was then meshed, and they ro-
ot -Area -into their plants details of the men s
trom the student personnel or, the new ,
pyrotoehhie sehools.
Tite Veritrus groups underwent an 1;1-
tenalt•G epprentieneldp In every bralath
Thtla fashioned the rocket woe used in
battle, its flight being regulated by the
weight of the stick attached to it. It
was esteemed for its compaetnese, for ha
eonvenience lu tranaportation alli•for the
fact that it might be dIscharised from
Wider cever.
It was thought that its time would re-
lieve fighters of the neceeany of trate-
porting cumbersome cannon and 11mben3.
me experts rejoiced over the prospects
of the achievement thus Offered, They
were convinced that their pyrotectunc
art was about to work a revolution in the
methoda of Warfttra.
For a tline the rocket was regarded as
a mat stieless, end the rocket cons; of the
British army was catablIsh d during the
war of the Revolution was an outgrowth
sf thls Idea, The high hopes of the pyre-
technista, however, came to nought.
The eighteenth century saw various oth-
er war flrewerk devices on the European
continent, foremost of which was ft para-
chute device Invented by the Englishman
Congreve, to be dischaiged by a rocket
at the conclusion of its night. Tbe par.
achute supported a burning light for eith-
er illuminating or sigualling purposes.
The Freneh under the monarchy worked
out a similar type.
Expernnenettion in pyrotechnics about
that limo resulted itt the invention of
Portable mines that might be exploded
from a distance, innumerable incendiary
devices, hand grenades and many etyles
of bombs,
The origin of the art Is unknown. It
appears to have reached the northern nn -
tion a through Italy, where fireworks had
been exploited larsely for entertainment,
particularly in spectacles provided for the
populace during the days of .papal sov-
ereignty. The ttallazts, however, had
roans before learned of the rocket from
We properly may be dalibtf1,11 as to the
claim that the Chinese were tho origin-
ators of the pyrotechnic art. A atudy
of she subject indicates that its growth
was, so widely diffused as to render im-
possible the claim of invention for any
one person, country or race.
We find it in the ancient worship of
fire. in the p eestera.ft and the wizzardry
of long ago,
the alchemi
tioe. We
aerial fire,
fined, wait
learned m
long )3efor
gin to ha
humanity
The in
Europe c
of tho
rwRovrilsdh ed
other th
roug
The
howevrske4rYof
uGreek fire, whih cwould burn with
ungt enchable fury and might be poured
down, from a city wall upon a besieging
foe or hurled by specially contrived ee-
gln s.
• The secret was gained by the Saracens
and used by them to broaden their rule
and to defeat tho Crusaders,
eireworks fell into disfavor as war
p ements about a century ago and it was
not until EH that their importance was.,
once mor9 demonstrated. The French
alone of the allied nations were prepared
in thit; nue, having given much study to
pyrotechnics since the time of the Franco-
Prussian War. While their progress in
Che study was slow, they succeeded fin-
ally in manufacturing devices of a satis-
tactory sort, among -which the most eon-
spicuoue -were a species of Bengal lights
of various colors that would burn while
auspended. from a parachute. These were
so constructed that they might be either
discharges' from a roeket or from rifles
or pistols.
The troops on the western front saw.
this art at its fullest development, being
used by both sides to discover enemy po-
sitioos and_„......__Inovetnent by lighting' UP the
battle areas, as well as for signalling' and
other purposes.
well a pilot meet Ithve absOlete
trot over his mnu
machine. Jle ist know
by thes 'feel' of it exiietly how the ma -
(bine is, what peoitiou it in anti
how it is flying, se that lie ur-iy man-
oeuvre rapidly and at the same time
reach hie tipptionent or itimonente. Ile
must be able to loop, turn Ols machine
over on ito hack, and.tlo other flying
'aunts.' Not that these are aettially
necceeary dureig a combat, but from
the fact that he isas. gene theee thinge
several times he gets absolute confi-
dence, and when- the fight conies
along he is Pot worrying about how
the machine will act. lie can devote
all hitt time to fighting the other fel,
low, control of his machine (towing
inetinetively, Thus the actual flying,
although perlaaps the bardest to
train a man for, is the least int -
portant factor in aerial fighting. A
man's flying ability may be perfect,
He.may be able to control the Ma-
chine and handle it better than any-
one, but if he gets into a fight, risk-
ing his life many times, peritapsi to
gain the right position for a good
shot and then falls. to hit the mark,
he is useless,
"If unable to brine his opponent
down he meet further liazard his life
In order to get out and away from
the enemy. For this reason I fete-
is-14'er aerial gunnery the most impart -
ant factor in fighting ie the air.
"Tactics are next in importance, be-
cause by the proper use of the .right
tactics it is easy to eliminate risks
and also to put the enemy at a great
disadvantage. Surpriee is alwaye to
be striven for, because if you can aur -
prise the enemy and get luto the pee-
per position. to shoot before he is
aware of your preeence it amplifies
matters tremendously, and there
should be no second part to the fight,"
RUSS CABINET
in the experimentatione of
as pyrotechnics inay be de- S • IN 0.MSK
nay believe that the art of '
t, in Me Egyptian civilize- TAYS
studied and practised by the
st of many races and climes ..,*••••••••••••••..
e the period in which we bo-
re precise records conc.:eating
s progress and achievements.
reduction of pyrotoolitilcs into
ame about through the conquests
soman Empire in its fulness of
°minion. The victorious legions
d the Orient and among countless
hIngs brought back with them a
acquaintance with fireworks, Soon.
art at its early European period,
er, was of practical importance in
a singlo phase—the development and .
Civil Rulers to Leave, City
to Be Fortified.
Decisive Battle Looked for
THE JOY STICK,
Canadian Ace of Aces Describes
How a Plage, is Operated,
• In a "Talk on Aerial Tactics," which
appeared in the publication "National
Service," Canada's famous Ace of Aces,
Col. William A, Bishop, V:C.,
M,C., D.F.C., -describes aotne effective
methods employed fa aerial fighting
"To t -hose who have never seen a
war machine," says Col. Bishop, "I
would explain teat to control one the
pilot has to manipulate but a -single
lever , which we call the 'joy stick.'
It is very much like the lever with
which you shift gears onan atttonte-
bile, but it moves in four directions.
If you should want our rnachnie to
go down, the instinctive move would
be to lean the body forward. There-
fore, • tho fighting airplane is so rig-
ged that when the pilot pushes the
'joy stick' forward! the nose tit the
machine points down. In the same
way efehe pulls the 'joy stick' back
the nose of the machine goes up
and the machine climbs at the
angle heewante it to, Ik turning it
Is necesfary that the machine is not
banked too much. TbIteets one of the
first things a pupil is taugbt when.
learning to fly. The 'joy stick' also
controls the banking. By moving it
to either gide you can tin up which-
ever wing is desired. At his . feet
the pilot has a rudder bar whieh con.
trots the horizontal direction of the
machine, If he pushee his left foot
forward and banks slightly, the ma-
chine turns slowly to the left. To
go to the right there is linty neeessary
a push wlth thee right foot and
a sliglit break , The pilot thus has
both feet on the rudder bar, holds
the 'joy suck' with his riglit hand
and with the left controls the engine
of the machine by bolding the
throttle. He is always able to do
anything he wishes either with the
engine or the machine iteelf.
Whe Miring the gun he amply proves
Ws thumb slightly along the 'Joy
salt' and presses- the lever which
pulls the trigger. To be able to fight
Onisk,—Special Cable — The Cole -
ell of Ministers' of the Omsk Gov.:
ernment has decided to evacuate all
the civil establishniente from Omsk,
Adnilral Kolchak, bead of the Gov-
ernment, and all the members of his
Cabinet will remain in Omsk.
Dealing with -the situation,' the
Russkoy Diet° SRXR:
"The region between the Rivers
'shim, and Mesh will be the place
where a deeisive battle against the
Bolshevik who ,try to enter Siberia
will take place. Omsk will be for-
tified and surrounded by trenehes and
serve as the centre of our defence."
The newspaper Russ, organ of the
Siberian •Co-operatiee Societies, has
this to set*:
'The- situation on the front be-
comes more .a.nd more alarming, and
it is necessary' that we should post-
pone at this moment every criticiem
In all problems not connected direct-
ly with the national defence. We
must ell unite ero.unti the Govern-
ment and the areiy, understanding
that our ellOICQ is. Admiral Kolchak
or Lenine.
"A defeat on our feont would mean
the deliverance of Siberia to inter-
national adventurers who would
bring with them starvation for all
' the population. We must stand firm-
ly and fight for Russia' i freedom and
dignity."
-or
ACCURACY OF MAPS, -
In U, S. Only About 40 P, C. is
Mapped Accurately.
.it will astonish most people to 'eaten
that only about 40 per cent. Of the
3,000,000 square miles of the United
States have been fairly accurately
mappea and -elsett much et this 40 per
cent. w' leheve to be gone over again
because of the rough methods origin-
ally used and because of topograplateal
change ,ince it was done.
The authority of these statements
is Dr, E. Lester Jones, of the United
States Nast and Geodetic Survey,
who makes them in an article ie
Science oh the posabilitiee of making
Maps front aeroplanes.
That topography may change much
Is illustrated by the .fact that Piro
Island entrance, Long Island, N.
has changed its position four miles in
aft,: years.
In an article on photography in
war tlitie, in La Scionge Pt la Vie
(Paris), L. Clerc suggeets that tope -
graphical maim of States of even 01
whole countries can be prepared froie
photographs taken from tteropianes
far more simply and ateurately, then
bygri1
,Jones11eYliign
Doiets out the limitations
of airplane photography; this eau
seareely 'yet help ie measuring eleva-
etions for inetance, but hi says that
in testing the correctness of present-
" day maps the aeroplane could be of
great value as it would be meeker to
rend it through the air taking photo-
graphs of the ground than it would bc
to survey such east areas.
of :their work. The etticleitta net ottly
gained knowledge for thentseivea
btit they taintiated every de.
tail of all of the proeeeses Involved, to
serve. for the purpose.; of reference in
the archives of the sehoole,
In addltiott the experts of the eeltools
made re/sea:vile:4 -with utmost thorough-
lidea anti after the eigning of the Armin -
flee tiles, were retained bY th" GOVern*
inent to Continue this woti, The61) vI•
ports have delved into the eme.st records
obtsineele for the Purpose of providing
tl,oW"ir Department with a 'record that
inay be 3a1uenic et future times. Unity
of alse Werke used hy them ore so. Gn-
tispro al to be eliffleolt or translation and
it wait et matter of ntOntha before certain
di Ould be secured. Thle research has
h t tfr light many interesting facts.
It at( Ifeisn learned froni these laroot's
ths,t during the eighteenth century mill -
tan. authorities of Prance and r,ttgland
iseelaierped the rochtt so that it had
ItaroSiltritlY the 444.-Itee muck as
of t day. )43 earring it with
!roc .4f; 40, r eft. WC 4u make a nio...t for.
WORLD'S
Michael Glihoolay, tho young Stowaw
hlreself Into the United States
His persistence, which cost the
attention Of Mrs. M. 1. Curry, wh
end Yell -give him a home In a s
hooley is shown tejoying dinner
NOV ¥ark.
CHAMPION STOWAWAY GETS
HOTEL,
Home 1N YAMS, RielleT
sty, whose fifth atter-Opt to *Motile
hes met with welexpectod MICeelett.
United States about 0,000, won the
o le repotted to have adopted the boy,
WO In the Vanderbilt Hotel. Gib.
in the cafe of the Veriderbilt
+4+444 ++ ti.+44444++++
PUZZLES
EXPLAINED
4 Is; that they are radiated troin a
black Or rough iterate° that is hot
itgelat.
EPLECTING THE "%VANES.
44-44-441444+
-Tliere are two enlace in general
Use that have undoubtedly caused
many persona to match their heads
in perplexIty—the automatic cigar -
lighter and tlie thermos, or hot and
celd water bottle.
The pocket -lighter consists of. a
email tube, at the bottom ot which is
packed fiellte cotton embed in alcohol,
ether or other inflammable and easily
evaporated limed, at the top of which
is a small framework holding a, thin
vertical wire. When the top of the
tube le opened the wire in a short time
becomes red-hot and'the alcohol vapor
Ignited therefrom.
The first explanation one would na-
turally offer is that the Etection of
. the rapidly -moving vapor woUle render
the Wire warm; but on second thought
this would seem to be too great an
effect for so mall an amount of
energy.
The real reason ,however, lies in the
Wire itself. In mast et the lighters
the action is practically the same. The
wire ie etther what des known as plati-
num spoege or some other metal
sponge that has the power of absorb-
ing gases rapidly. Whenever anything
nesorbs gases, that thing has made
the gases OCCUPY less space or volume,
and whenever gases occupy' less vol-
ume they are said to be compressed,
and whenever gases are compressed
they invariably become hotter, the
amount of this heat eepending on the
amount of compression.
ABSGRBERS OF GASES-.
A great many things possess the
power of ebsoebing gases, charcoal be -
Eng it notable example. Although char -
moat absorbs a good many times ita
own velum of pew, It does not be -
Come appreciably better. it takes the
Metal sponge for that; for this absorbs
hundreds of times its oWn volunie Of
gases and does it in' a short time, thus
not allowing for the radiation .of the
generated heat. .$0 the -little wire is
generally liege(' to redness, ignites
the wick fed 'by the alcohol, and tho
thing is ready for businesge
To afford some idea of the intensity
ot heat necessary for this, it may be
stated that to red heat a wire requires
several hundred degrees. When a gas
is heated one degree centigrade it ex-
pands exactly one „Mee-hundred-and-
eeventy-third of its volume at zero
centigrade. Conversely, when a. gas is
compressed one two -hundred -and -se-
venty-third of its voleme et zero centi-
grade, R is heated on degree.
•-Now, suppose that a gas is compreeee
ed to -one two -hundred -and -seventy' -
third, of its volume at zero centigrade,
It will be heated to two hundred and
seventy degrees, an intensity sufficient
for our purpose. Thus, the sponge
has to absorb only, let us say, oee
two -or three -hundredth of its own
volume of the supplied gas. As to how
It does this, or just what inherent
property enables it to do it, is not
well known.
HOT WATER CONTAINERS.
ln the case of the hot and cold -water
container, the makers claim that some
varieties will matntain any liquid hot
or cold for a period of 48 hoers. In
this we have the whole theory of the
dissipatioe of heat; for cold simply
means the absence of heat. There are
three ways in whieh heat may be
carried from one body to another, or,
rather, imparted by one body to ano-
ther—by conduction, by convection
and by radiation. If all the precau-
tions possible be taken to prevent the
action of these three operations, little
transmission of heat can. take 'place;
so the hot liquid does not lose its heat,
and the cold liquid' does not receive
heat from the heated air or bodies out;
side.
The principle made use of is that of
the De War flash, all the bottles on
tbe market to -day being simply 'varia-
tions of this piece of scientific appara-
tue. The bottle is made.to discount as
Ear' as possible the three operations
mentioned, It consists of two layers
of some polished metal With a space
between thein that has been exhausted
of air as much as possible. The two
leyere are, connected by just as law
links as possible.
Taking , up the three methods of
transmission In succession, we shall
see hose admirably each one of them
has been rendered inactive. By 60n
duction of heat is meant the trans-
mission of heat by a solid or some-
thing acting as a solid in which the
medium Itself does not move as to
relative situation of its parts. For
instance', in heating in a poker in a
fire, one end is thrust in and becomes
redhot, and in a little while heat is
condacted along the iron until the
oppesite end bet,Omes hot. The sante
applies to a teaepoon in a cup of hot
tea, or coffee. liens is why the bottle
referred to has as few tonneeting
links between layers as passible, so
as to make the conduction of heat a
minimum, considering, of course, a
proper strength of the aottle as a
eshole.
The next method is that of convec-
ttrnioan.;mBlyttigthuis is meant the method at
heat by moving particles
of a liquid or a gas. Take, for in-
stance, the heatieg of water. The
kettle is, put over the fire, and the
bateau layer ot -water is heated •at
once by the .fire by conduction. But
heated liquid expends, and therefore
becomes lighter than the cool liquid
above; so it has to rise, It is then
displaced by the cooler liquid, which
in tura becomes aot and rises,
This fact le utilleed III heathig
honses by hot dtvater. The heated wat-
er rises through the pipes, gives out
its heat to the roam, and on becoming
cooler sinks through the inlet pipe to
be heated ag3111.
.11. 18 the elate Wirth gases. SUppose
that a bottle tinder consideration had
a full volettne of air ibetween It lay-
-eke- If the inside of this bottle is hot
the inside of the air space Ininiediate-
ly becomes hot by conduction; this
hot part rises, and the .cooler air
flows In to be heated likesvise. But
the heated air flows to the outside
layer ane heats It by conduetion, and
title in 'turn Is delivered to the out -
Ode air. But take all the air out and
no convection can possibly take place.
Thus is the -second objeetiou over-
come.
The third and lame one, that ot ree
diation, is diffleult to overcome en-
tirely, -as are the others. Radiation
Means that method of transferring
heat or energy through ether waves.
By radiatien we get light and heat
from the ewe By radiatioit we feel
the direct heat of a coal fire oe, in
fact, any flews or source of heat.
Meet other waves have the power of
imetening the vibration of the mole.
cities In any -material body and thee
causing heat.
It bets 'been Wend that thea waves
I•cart he reflected bY a enlisted ellrfeee,
a mirror, for inetance, jut as light
coin; that they aro 4ibsorbt,d be- a
1)1:1.4k In rough stirkee, just as light
It haa been Wunel that if two cop-
per bells, of the vaine size be heatetl
to the sante 'degree of heat, and hex-
ing on of theta painted black and the
ether one polished and timentle the
black one almost immediately gives
np its beat and becomes WM, while
the polished one remalua hot ludefine
Rely. So the litot requirelneut for ouch
a bottle Is that all its surfacee be
Smooth and brightly Pollehed—and
euelt will be found te be the case in
teade products.
Ati to nuttier applica.tiou of these
two pyloelplee, now that the way has
been maw in actual commercial stlee
ceases, time alone -can tell. If plat-
inum and metals of like property
were not so high in price a great deal
could be made out ot tee absorption
phenomenon. Certain it is that a.
great amount Of euergY is geeeratee
almost automatically in a few sec-
onds by the proeess. And if some
natural method were found of malting
the :metal disgorge its contents that
remained after much use, suck as
allowing it to lie in the sun some
time, it is possible that power on a
large scale could be obtained there-
from for a nominal price. The platen
um, of course, wears out after a
while, and, therefore, a cheaper sub.
stitute would have to be found,
Applica,tiOns of the hot and cold
water bottle coiled be made in Ice-
holtsee and refrigerating plants. They
could certaiely be built cif airtight
eompartmente and of polished mater,
Ial. This alone is necessary.
SOVIET IDEAS
FOR A PEACE
Bolsheviki Want Confer-
ence in Neutral Land.
Withdraw All Ally Troops
From Russia.
London,* Cable — The Daily ;We-
ald, the Labor organ, to -day priets
the full draft or the conditions upon
which the leaders of the Soviet Gov-
ernment In Russia -are willing to dis-
euss peace terms With' the allied and
associated powers, which were
brought to Mutton by LleuteCol.
Lestrange Malone, Liberal member
of Parliament, who recently retorn-
ed froni a visit to Rnesia,
The Soviet Government, according
to the draft, proposes a peace con-
ference in a neutral country after
an agreement on an armistice for all
the fronts, including the border
States, all the de facto Govern-
ments, meantime, to remain in con.
trol.
The blockade would be renoyeed,
and the Soviet Government and the
nationals of. the associated and allied
Governments would baire free rights
of transit over all the railways end
at ports of the Rimer Russian Eni-
Pire, Including the border States and
Finland, and free trade communica-
tion Itt. and out of the. country.
The conditions provide that the
Soviet- Government would be entitled
to send represeetatives to all allied
coemtries; for , amnesty ler all Res -
Sian military and political prisoners;
for the withdrawal of—the allied
troops from Russian territory, and
the cessation of allied military help
to the Russian forces. The Soviet
Government also promises to recog-
nize all foreign -debt obligations of
the former Russian Empire.
Willingness is expressed by the
Soviet Government for a' conference
on this basis, provided the allies
make a proposal before Nov. 15. The
Soviet Government is "anxious to
have a semi-official guarantee from
theeBritish and American Govern-
ments that they will do that utmost
to ensure that Prance lives up to the
conditions of the armistice.'
The draft concludes by saying that
the Soviet Government "hopes it
will not be necessary to transfer this
offer, with necessary modifications,
to the Central powers."
HEAVY TASK
FOR TEE HUN
Restoration of War -Ruined
French Mines.
Will Take German Unem-
.ployed 8 Years. .
•
Cable.—Work for all the totem-
pto3 ed in Germany for the next eight
years will be provided in restoring the
'tuned mines of Northern France, aisys
Vorwarrts. "This opinion Is based upon
the report of the German Mining Com-
mission, sent to France recentry to as-
certain the extent of the damage, and
which has just made public its finding.
isaysssuthrtc, gni eenwtapatn
gef u"iilsit;s311
work fot every idle man in le.-seue sold
for every ohe eleo ...tweets* 4.1 superflu-
ous labor. The report shows the tallacY
df the theory that emigration of ten Mil,
11011 -persons Srom Germany is an 000-
13°.IlllolienesegaeltlYo.17
I'iti:e, in its reports, said that
itittgsro6fulIii'lasuPd; le`a6Pittel?.,
the work of re -construction would have
t's have been "drowned,"
morioibsyte 10(11re:1:leie
efatie•loittnite.
chin. (Arvin and Dourges, where the do.
struetion was pronounced "terrible "
:treat of the mines have been "droutied."
they
eay*a os tal pressure
arfnerldreeselutitt.10.etaebioibeit ti:1,0airittiegreeer.tinleced;iva:13:afitilst
Ott:IliftiliCaollidrittliitri;Viala.tiOtes.b10(11thl:a:otact2,1111g.eoti,ie(lok1agetriotil.r..2:115cstret:110:011:14:?:totit,:iytitiestbo:::::::tlet1:1::18evrt'ottiollIII:aoluxua::::
et minty cssr.s, 1} wan impossible tssos:
certain the extent of the flionage done to
e record showing
wars !matted ana
e‘fte;!:otio:eielsil it; .1411s.7:0alfnz.ectiel:litio:r;Tirii)1510:teillailas.,•:tilb(saitilllitfittli
at whet period Were 110t 4201111/10(0 nOr
aVallehle.
A World's Record.
Whitt ht void to be the world's 'rec-
ord production of marketable poen
toot on one acre -49,511 pounds, or
8e1 bushels—has been made on an acre
of land neer Kanab, in the smitheast-
ern ;section of Male a few miles from
the Arizona state line. The record
yield was mede in response to a cone -
petition fostered by, the IVIormon
church, and the church -attthorltieg
drew a cheek for $1,000 payable to a
representative of Kanab Ward of the
Xanab stake of the eitureb, whiett is
responsible for the production. This
3teld 1.4 4ertified to ey more than 50
femme.
'
DOES NOT SEE
LASTING PEACE
German Ex-Olianeellor is
Not llopeful.
Gives Views On Belgian
Deportations.
Berlin cable: Dr. von Betbmanti-
ifollweg, the former German chancel-
lor, stated itt the course of Ole teoti-
meuy to -day before the etab-committee
of the National Assembly that he did
not believe during tbe war, and {low
not now believe, in a lasting peace.
Herr von Bethmann-Hollweg in his
ausvsere to the members- of the sub-:
committee who are endeavoring to de-
termine the question of the responsi-
bility of the war, said that the pew)
tame, suggested by Germany, on De-
cember 12th, 1916, were a compromise
between the views of tise military and
political authorities. '
"Ae regards our strategic demands
(regarding Belgium and the eastern
forntiere I dicl not believe that a
comparatively long ,period of peace
would be granted Us, ttain still to -day
unable to believe in a lasting peace,
partimilarly after we have had exhib-
ited to us the state or mind, in which
the Entente has founded what it calls
a: real peace."
;Minister Iiinzheimer,asked wily the
Belgian question was not placed at tbe
head of the German demand. Beth-
niann-Hollweg replied:
"It is very easy to say atter the
event time everything was wrong. We
were then confronted ivith the collect-
ive note from the Entente Govern-
ments regarding peace terms, which
was one of complete rejection and de-
manded the dismembeetitent and tie-
struction of Germany. 'Were we .to say:
'We will be good children, We Will
give back Belgium and pay indemni-
ties into the bargain.'"
Questione regarding Belgiae. depor-
tations brought out warmsupport
teem Dr. von BetlamanneHollereg for
Gen. von Bissing, the former clover-
noreGeneral of Belgium, who, he said,
had opposed the deportations. The
former Oharicellor said he was not in
a position to stop them, although he
thought them politicallystupid, hut
the pelicy had been introduced by the
military authorities as an urgent lie-
litYerinneocer-ran
GsletYeral voxi Biesing, said
Bethniann-Holweg, had' taken up the
matter personally with Hindenburg
awl Ludendorff, and had obtained cer-
tain alleviations in the mode of apply-
ing tereedeportation policy, but in gen-
eral he was unable to force a cbange
in the policy, as the military authori-
Uceedeclared that they had need of ea -
bar.
He replied affirmatively to a queer
tion asking whether they had not died
in •large numbers from cold and hun-
ger, and whether they had not been
Ulieallioerd.work for which they had nGt
m
HE DISOBEYED
THE ADMIRALTY
Capt. Turner, of Lusitania,
• A'dmitted Fault,
Secret Evidence in Tragedy
Made Public.
London cable: A Parliamentary
paper made public to -day containing
secret evidence in the euquiry into
the sinking- of the Cunard liner Lira-
tanta shows that Captain W. T. Turn-
er, of the Lusitanla, admitted that he
disobeyed the instructions of the Ad-
Iniralty in steaming only at the rate of
18 knots an hour.. The captain testi-
fied; however, that had he gone faster
the Isusitania would have reached the
bar at Liverpool before the ireeeel
could cross it owing to tidal condi-
tions.
baPt. Turner also teatified that he
hadnot steered a zigzag course at full
speed, as the Admiralty had ordered,
because he thought this order applied
only when a Submarine had been
sighted.
Capt. Turner claimed that the course
he steered was far enough from land,
if it was not exactly in mid -channel.
He was triig his best, he said, to fol-
low th dmiralty instructions, but
his -al'wag to find land. Hacl he ran
into .a' fog without doing this, he as-
serted, he might have run ashore.
A despatch from London, July 17,
ef$15, said the Court ot Etequiry into
the sinking of the Lusitania found
that the liner had been lost as the -re-
Suit of an act of a German submarine.
The elecisioe. exonerated Capt. Turner
and the (lunged Line from all blame
and commended the discipline of the
crew.
The only secret evidence known to
have been taken by the Board of En-
quire waa on the firsteday of its ses-
sion, when the proceedings were inter-
rupted in order to permit the court to
enquire regarding certain Instructions
eent by wireless by the Admiralty to
Capt. Turner. The Parliamentary
paper made public In London probably
has reference to this secret evidence.
wiNTER WHEAT!
RYE UN WELL
Root Lifting is Now General
in Ontario.
Pall Plowing is Well For-
ward.
n
the aeinlitou ropraavutativi atattia that
israe number of minus *Warm hos* betel
shOpact from that (smutty toSuftalo dur
Ina Ulu pa3t two or thrba' weeks, area
+nee that buyers from as tar as Itioston,
lidass., have been picking up 001110 4:}1(Jit.3
matte. On the other hand, he adds tha:
one finn itt pettella has brought in sev-
en carloads of young stook from the
northwest, must of them gaointiing
!mai*.
While hogs are being freely marketeti
en account of the scarcity 41! coarse
grains, farmers recently seem more in
-
ailed to hole on to their brood sows.
A good supply of well cobbeu inuniag‘,
is reported to be on hand, and more silo,
than usual have been put up. In tne west-
ern part of the province.
Fall plowing is well forward, fta the
ground has been working ,easily with
timely rains anti comparatively mild
weather.
The following is a summary of reports
!nude by agricultural representatives to
the Ontario Department of Agriculture:
'MO tIVW wittier wheat awl tati aro look.
Wig WC11 topped wet vigorous, although
considerable rye been paltered tido
fell.
Hay 1.2 Itard lo procure, mu; owners do
not seem to waist to part with it 11 sells
M froth $21 to $30 a ton. Partners are
Mee keeping most of their grain to feed
to their Mock.
Pastures have been In acted PonditIon
for the time of year, and the milk suit-
: ply lins ieit fully normal.
While. Fiore are some central -thee thet
litany nefieleited eattle are heifer mar-
livird en le..cottiif ,,e the! ,,,cireftv tyl
44444 -
DEMOUNTABLE SIMS
Plan 'to Ship Lumber -1$0
Australia.
411
Seattle, Wash., Despatch—Antietam-
anent was made here to -day that Lite
Fulmar Lumber Company, it New
York concern, controlled by British
capital, this Winter will ship 50,000,-
000 feet of Douglas fir from Seattle
to points in the British Empire in the
form of demountable ships.
About 500,000 feet of Umber will be
used in the hulls of the -ships, When
they reach their destinations these
hulls will be dismantled and deliveree
as lumber. The hulls raid eargo of
each skip will represent about 5,000,-
000 feet, it Was eat& Admiral Robert
R. Peary's ,famous old exploring ohip.
the Roosevelt, now owned here, 'will
tow the fita of the demountable
ships to Australia.
MICROBES LIVE
FOR CENTIME
Paris, Cable — Eternal youth eceme
to have been accorued tn tuil inea
sure le some microbes. Before the
Academy of Science yesterday, Pro-
feseor 'Delage read a paper reportine
checoverieo by Dr. Ciallipe, who 16
credited with finding in century -ole
paper organisms still living. Accord-
ing to thie report, these organisms 'ro-
asted hefat of 213 degrees Fahrenheit.
'Time no more than 'heat eeeme to
have had effect on these little organ-
isms, as Dr. Galilee has Wend living
pens in paper of the 15th and. 180
conturiee,'" Gad Profe.seor Dotage.
"They are capable -of cultivation and
of movment. More than that, Dr
Galilee hew found in fragments of
Paper of Chinege manuecript, dating'
before the age of printing, mice-
organiams still living and able to
move,and that multiplied under suit-
able methods of -culture."
••• •
CAN'T LOSE HIS TITLE,
Lady Astor Says Her Hus-
band Wants To.
Loudon cable (Canadian Aso -
celled Press.)—"Some people find it
difficult to get titles, but mv poor
husband finds it difficult to get rid
of his," declared Lady Astor, in open-
ing her political canniaign yesterday
in Plymouth.
Lord Astor said he was going to do
all he could to get back to the Com,
mons, but did not see why he should
be deprived of his ordinary rights of
citizenship.
The contest is likely to be extremely
fierce.
The Liberal candidate, Isaac Foote,
is the local solicitor and town coun-
cillor. He unsuccessfully fought Sir
Charles Hanson in the Boclmin elec-
tion last December.
The Labor nominee is W. T. Gay
local co-operative stores manager.
SAYS EX -KAISER
IS AN EMKCILE
eseer----inesseseeee'S
LETTS ENVELOPE
BEANO'S MEN
Allied Fleet Aids by Shell-
ing Retreat Linea.
stlioniams Gain, but Yude.
nifeb Retreats.
London, Nov. 9.—The Lettish press
,urefut annou0ce:3 that on the rourtn day
aleir new offensive the Letts are grad-
sily enveloping me Paces ef Ava-
io101{1S-1;:remt.onut and bombarding his lines
sf retreat with the aesititattee et the Ai -
german counter-ateeka the press
bureau continues, have been, beaten ate
but obstinate fighting continues. ittuf-
.sian detaclunents, with their officersare
deserting to the Letts,
A War Office communication says it
is reported that a German attack against
the northern defences or 'Abut wee re.
pulsed because of the freezing of the
,altes, but It was expected that the at-
tempt -would bo renevved ., in greater
atrength.
Fears are also entertained that the Ger.
.nans will try to eapture Windau.
North and west of Riga the Letts, un.
der cover of a bombardment by the Al-
lied squadrons, advanced along the coast
.en miles west of the mouth of the Dvina„
and have driven Bermoadt's troops front
the immediate suburbs of the City.
ESTRONIAX SUCCESS.
The following 1:Athenian communique
issued here last night says:
"Our armored trains bombarded Pskov
throughout Thursday. There is fierce
fighting on all the fronts, particularly
aear the railwaya. The enemy has beet*
istrown back over the River Velikaya."
aim River Velikaya enters the Lake of
eskov at the south-east ,and the city of
s•skov is on Its banks.)
wireleas meesage from General Dent -
sine states that the chief of staff of the
,3oviet array near BritInsic organized an
aprIsing of workmen, occupied BrIanek
4nd overthrew the Soviet authorities.
rims, the statement says. the Red Arms,'
.1 the most important point on the front
les between General ,Denlitine's troops
Ind the Ineurgent workmen.
YUDENITCII RETREATS.
The forces of General Yudenitch have
setreated to Weimarn station, according
to a communication issued Saturday
llorning by the Russian north-west army.
• 4 statement !sated by tite War Office
Saturday nightbased on yesterday's;
.eports from the NorthsWest Russian
srmy, confirms the Bolshevists' capture
of Gdov, forcing the Russians back to a
,ine from the mouth of the River Tcher-
iia to a point 16 miles south of Yamburg.
'Bolshevist prisoners state they were
ordered to capture Yamburg at all costs.
she Russian centre has retired 35 miles
seat of Yarnburg,
The Russian 13olsbevilsi communieation
se Saturday, received here to -day, says
be Bolsheviki have met -tole(' a series of
Alleges thirty versta south-west of Krac-
sa,la Korka, They also have taken Kas-
.ovo and a number of villages 33 versts
,vest of Gatchina.
The pursuit of f4eneral YudenItch's re-
anating forces continues along the whole
sr the front, the statement adds. "Fight -
ug la proceeding 25 versts south-east of
famburg. After taking Gdov, the Bol-
lieviki advanced 20 versts north of the
own. They occupied Sevsk, and lite
..netny is retiring in disorder in a north-
westerly direction.
"The Bolshevik} also have occupied
:VIalo-Arkangelsit (80 miles south-east of
Ga
er:t, 1)and a series.4...„...cif villages in the south -
Copenhagen cable: The Berlin
Lokal Meager, a cony nf which has
been received beres reports that Pre-
mier Hoffmann of Bavaria hae pro-
tested against the prohibition of a
public celebration Nev 7, on the occa-
sion of the first anniversary of the
German revolution. Premier Hoff-
mann, the newspaper sans, declared
that reaction was on the march, and
that the euppreesion of the celeara-
tion emanatedfrom the bourgeois ecs:
clety, which was responsible for the
war becattee !t had "maintained an
imbecile monarch on the throne."
.--
Shapes Large Masts. \
A machine lias been built which
will shape masts up to a hundred
feet in length and three feet in di-
ameter. The timber is sat up in the
machine and revolves at a speed bt
50 revolutions per minute, and it is
shaper by a cutter head which is
electrically driven at the rate of 700
revolutions per minute. Ties eut-
ter head is mounted oe a carriage,
which is moved along the timber
against a rail set to give the proper
profile to the mast. Heretofore this
work has been done by baud and re-
quired skilled workmen. At best it
has been a slow and laborious task.
4
GERMA HORS
ATTACK L1BAU
A Copenhagen cable Gaye: German
troops, presumably belonging to GO-
lonel Avaloff-Berniondt's forees, sup-
ported by heavy and light artillery
and an armoured train, attacked
Lilian Tuesday, but were driven off
by Lettish troops who were Supported
by British artillery, accordieg to a
despatch received by the Lettish
press burean.
In the afternoon a Genevan air-
plane dropped proclamations on the
city. After a prolonged bombard-
ment by the enemy artillery, a neet
Violent offensive was launched in the
evening. It was repulsed by the
Letts. The -enemy euffered heavily. •
PROOF TO TIII$ CONT1tA1tY.
There Is a certain long-suffering father
iterveA sometimes 0110 way ander
the constant fire of queatiorte front his
talkative eight-year-old aon.
"1 tali." n41te..1 the young.ner. just ait the
isOl map hail olio evening* $10W(111
n. Itati•111I of his tentapaper. "Dad,
am 1 made of dust?"
"t thatis ma:" resuotidea the ueltappy
Patera: "othere ko ars' ni) ornv
slat thew,"
TANNumo MEN
FIGHT REGULARS
Several Killed in a Clash at
Fiume
nal. Awn.... •••••••.....,
Between Italian Troops and
the Poet -Flier's.
0
Belgrade, Nov. 9.—There has been
a clash between forces ot the Italian
Government and Gabriele D'Annen-
zio's troops in ivhiclt casualties were
suffered by both sides, according to a
statement Issued by the Seebian Of-
ficial Press Bureau to -day. The
statement follows:
"In a sanguinary- skirmish between
Itailan Governinent troops and Gab -
:tele D'Annunzio's forees, the Govern -
relent troops suffered considerable
losses, Including one menthe &Dean-
nunelo's troops lost one man killed
and several Wounded.
"A telegram received from Tagrod
says there is much .dissatistamtion
among D'Annunzei'e soldiers because
ot scant food, and that there is little
military discipline."
THE FIUME VERSION.
Fiume, Nov. 0.—Disorders between
d'Annunzio's troops and Italian regu-
lars troops who were on their way to
Sussak with supplies for the regulars
atationseteletihmepree.
nyprmissio
of D'Anntin-
iio they were allowed te pass through
Fiume. A quarrel started along the
road and guns were used. The re-
port saye two men were killed and
one was wounded.
?ERPETUAL
CALENDAR
Rome, Nov. 9.—Rev. Francesco
.Seatigna, of the town of IsOeoroOtert•
do, in the province of Bari, claims to
have discovered the "perpetual eaten -
dare' ivhich has baffled scientists to;
centuries. His calendar consists of
two discs, one superimpOsed upon the
other, by the, turning of which the
correct day, week and month may
be obtained. 12 1112 statements prove
correct It Will disprove the predic-
tion of the great astronomer, Hers-
chel, that a perpetual calendar never
could be devised
WANT BALKAN FOX.
Bulgaria Also Arrests Por -
flier Ministers.
Sofia, Nov. e. --The Bulgarian Governs
ment coneinne officiany the time of the
arrest of the principal menthol's of the
Eadostavoff Cabinet, who are atilt In
Bulgaria. The arreeta include ;at Teri -
chef f, Minister of Finance, -during the
war, mid Gen. Itadko Petroffr In ad-
dition to the ltadoslavore party end
three teuvrala accused of inhuman Meth.
(els of warfare were apprehended. The
ember of persone arrested totals gae.
The Government iltlA MAO begun nee°.
tistions to obtain the extradition of the
former (tor Ferdinand. of Prettier Rade-
stayer?. anti of the former CorriMander.
opelilef of tee nutearian &roam gen.
.14,14off, who ti.oh refege abroad after tho
collapse of nun:aria in the war and the
ufalicatien of Perdinanti.
"Jonesy's military training has eers
tainty fitted hint for married life."
"How's that?" "When his wife hallIS
lilut Over the coals he Mande et nt-
tcntion."--The Home &Oar,