HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance, 1919-08-21, Page 7'4qat
MUST NOT STRIP HUNGARY, T.
OR FIX REPARATION SUM
Allied Supreme Council Is Explicit in Its
Latest Reply to Roumania.
Distribution of All Material Also Rests With
the Entente There.
Paris Cable - Roumauia will not.
be permitted to strip Hungary, accord-
ing to the draft of tae Supreme Comte
elais reply to the Net taste from Bach -
mesa which was corapleted at to -day's
meeting cif the Council, The Buch-
Arcata Government is Wormed that the
fixing of the amount of reparation to
be made by Hungany, as well as its!
distribution, is a matter under centre'
of the Allied and associated powers.
and that until final decision is
reached, all war, railway and agricul-
tural material now In Hungary and
!Mated to distribution will be under
the common administration ofthe
Allied powers, The text of the reply
follows:
"The peace conferences without re-
l'artina to a certain number of points
veniele call for correction, on its part
Metes with satisfaction tbe 'Rouman-
ian declaraticee that It intends, to
Week a agreement with the policy
as: an indication that Roumania, as
. State participating in the conference.
ea ea' !esammunicated through the mnitarY
•ratession delegates to Budapest by the
Onnreme Council.
:
'.'Directions sent three times by the
'eanference to the mission of Allied
• st , at, xplicitly and in
ggerals, and communicated to Buch-
• have defined e
detail the present policies of the Allied
penvers toward Hungary, the disc./ma-
n* Of Hungarian troops the main-
tenance of order with the steeliest
Pcnsible number of foreign etroops; the
reanctualling of Hungary and the ab-
stqation from all ineerference in the
internal politics of ;Hungary, preserv-
in, for that country a free expressiost
ef " 0tthe national will.
, The Supreme Council insists on the
'fact. that:final recovery of war, rail -
Way or agricultural material or, of,
cattle', etc,, gannet occur at naesent.
According to the principles of the
!We Conference, acceptedby all AIN
Allies and applied in particalaa•in the
treaty of peace with Germany; it is the
Hata of the assembly of the. Allied and
associated pewers alone to i1 taie re-
paration to be made by Hungary, and
determine Up0a Ito distribunon lunong
interested states. Neither the Rou-
manian army or the Roumanian!Gov-
rnment has the •right itielf no fix
fr.
Roumania's share, assets of all Ulnas
belonging to Hungary being a pledge
hele by the Allied powers in commosi."
Delivery of the Roumanian note, In
which the Buelearest Clovernment
claimed that the Roumanians in con-
fiscating property in Hungary were
"merely gotta% back their own proe
perty," and iusisted that the armistice
onalovember, 1918, "no louger exists,"
was delayed, according to a statement
ramie by the Roumanian delegation. to
'day, because of its great length and
the difficulty experienced in deciding
its The Roumanian delegates taaelar-
ed that they wished it to be under-
stood that no ameadments to the note
were added following its arrival here,
NOT BACKING ARCIBMIKE.
!Paris, Friday Cable - A forme1.
dealal that the Roumanian Govern-
ment favored the advent to power in
Hungary orArchduke Jotseph was ie -
sued to -day by the Roumanian Press
Bureal. The !statement old in part:
"The Archduke's alolent hostility
toward the Roumanians is very well
known. As commander of the Austen -
Hungarian, troops in Transylvania, he
permitted the soldiers to conanit atro-
cities on the Roumanian population.
When there was talk of deposing
King Ferdinand the Archduke was
• liee Principal Austrian candidate for
the Remnant= throne."
JUGOsSLANS ALSO OPPOSE.
Paris Cable -(By the Associated
Press), -The augoaSlay delegation
here has issued a note elaborating its
anessage to the Peace Conference pro-
testing epeeist the, recognition of the
regime of Archduke Joseph, the new
head of the Hungarian Government.
The note describes the • Archduke
and his nupporters as "Magyar Qbau-
esiniets," and declares that hie Orals:-
tration would be a restoration of
Hapsburg authorite,endangering
Jugo-Slavits, and other' siatiope freed
from .A.ustro-Hungarian donshintien.
It recalls the fact that the Hapiliures
"provoked the war in 1914 aes an un-
just attack on Serbia," appeals for
the entire dlearmameat of the Meg-
yars, and asks that elections. for the
Hungarian national wesembly be •lield
under Allied control.
-
Germany Won't Recall
Gen.• Von der Go it'
,
• Berlin Cable — (By the- Associated Press) -7 -The
Aarellnan,Government has rejected the demand of -4Ehe
Allies for ,the recall of General von der Goltz, com-
lnander-in-chief Of German forces in the Baltic pro-',
vinces.
• Germany, in its Rote refusing the Allied demand to
•recall General von der Gratz, the German commander in
the Baltic, denies the charge that the German evacua-
tion of Letvia has been delayed burposely, and says thai
it has been proceedIng iii accordance with the plan ar-
ranged at a conference between the German commander
and the British ,General Gough, the Allied commander,
on July 19.
Germany, the not adds, cannot meet any demands
- going beyond article XII. of the armistice. The demand
for the recall of General von der Goltz, it is asserted, is
an encroachment on the authority of 'Germany, which re-
serves the right to rf,call the general when the evacua-
tion of Letvia is sufficiently advanced.
The note adds that great bitterness has been caused
among the German Volunteers in the Baltic region by
the failure of the Ullman Government in Letvia to grant
Lettish soldiers citizen' ship to thosewho desire it.
The German Government warns the Allies against
increasing the .present possibilities of friction in Letvia
by an over -hasty withdrawal of the .German trobps.
onriit-oro-v•-qpire- • Ir•rwirirw-Irw,0
I
-
orensic
Wit Humor
eseere+440.41steasla*.ina++4-easeteee-aaa
' Lawyers. with sheepskins as yet
*Metaled by time, are inclined to in-
dulge be spread-Cagleism, It takes it
bard -headed judge to squelch nen
outburste, and then the crestfallen
anvocate is In a bad way. ,
In a recent ease the attorrieys for
the proeecution and defence had been
allowed 15 minutes each for argument.
The attorney for the defenceewho eisi-
dently had been studying the "halide'
guide book for orators'," had corn--
Mesteed hisatrgument with an allusion
to the old farm. Ile told of the ties
of home, the rellhig meadoene with
their Wealth of semeittla and of gola,
Of the pastures and the cattle stand -
lag in the tsumraer pool, the twilight
.ekorustrt Of the" tree-toada Mingling
with the hytun of harvest home, of
'the old swimming pool where, as
boye, the ereretal water—
In the nada of it Ito was inter
-
tanked by the drawling voice of the
atedge.
"thane Oat, Chauncey," he galas
Noest put On yeittr elethea Your 15
'Minutes are up."
NO TIME roa nnwrornc.
This is ettlegestiste Of a Winner Inen.
dant that happened In Lancaster,
county sante these MCO.
"May it paeseas the eourt," said tt:
Intakee lawyer, before a Pennsyleanite,
Melt jraatiese wives prestded, "this le a
easts egaestet, leettentenesseree -Visate tke
Amereetsas eagle, whose eleopless eye
Watches over the 'welfare of title
sentikess_taisiseee
....morp••••••••••••••••••
mighty Republic and whose wings
extend from the Allegheniess to the
rocky chain of the 'West, was rejoic-
ing in his pride of place— .
"Sthop dare! 1 futy vot has dis suit
to do mit do eagles? Dis has notin'
to do mit de wild bird. It Is von
sheep," exclaimed the judge,
"True, your honor, but ray client
has right."
"Your gliant has no right to de
eagle."
"Of course not; but the laws of
langas.ge--"
"What do I eare for de laws of lan-
guage, eh? I understand do laws of
de State, and dat is enough for me.
Confind your talk to de case."
"Well, these, ray client, the defend-
ant in this ease, is charged with steal-
ing a sheep, and ---e"
"Dat yin do! Dat VIII do! Your
gliant charge mit etheallhg a sheep,
just niste shillina De court vill ad -
Pura."
TIIE EFFECT Or PRAYER,
In Little Rook, Ark., there used to
be Avery powerful trial lawyer, whose
name was Murphy. He was well
loved in Arkansas because of his
abhor and because of hits eteentrica
ties. He was a power before a Juan
On one °mai= in the trial of A case
before a airy In a misonnotic dietrict
of Arkansas, the justice was clearly
spinet him in his rulings and Would
take no cognizance en the ittest as
Marpley read it to hint, Murphy
wearied of this after a while, to he
moon and deliberately picked tip the
law books and flung them, one by
One, out the open Window.
"If ister doten't go here, weal try
something elee," maid he. Thereupon
• lee tanned to the jury, as* in a quiet
volee
"Int us kneel in prayer."
• titirPhY got deseall on hill kne00,
40 did tbe "%rye Arta the alidge, atter
hellitetIng a while, follewea sUlt. In
a Ana Moment!! eVeryboay was On him
knee°, and then altsrPan Made the
Most eloquent prayer that probably
was ever heard in Arltansaa. Need -
thee to say, he won UN case.
On another 'weenie:1 a young law-
yer, opposed to MstrpitY, was. demon -
Orating las knowledge befere att Ar-
kansas jury, but the classics availen
• but little when Maltby arose in re-
ply.
"Gentlemen of the jury, the young
lawyer who just addressed you has
roamed, witb. Itemolue, canted with
Cantarides, ripped with Euripides,
socked evith Socrates, but what cl,Otse
he know about the laws of Arleen -
sae?"
MIXED IN HIS ANATOMY.
During a criminal prosecution itt a
craniaal court in New Jersey, Couns
Beier Archibald, for the defence, was
questioning a pollee officer, who testi-
fied that he had fonnd the complain-
ant lying in the gutter, badly hurt:
"Now, officer," asked the counsel,
"how badly was he hurt?" "Well,"
replied the witness, "I examined aim,
and on his etoraach t found a severe
scalp wound."
During the trial of a suit setae tirae
ago for damages growing out of the
destruction of a building, due to the
explosion of steam boiler, there was
put on the witness atand a quaint old
chap who had been employed as v.
watt -inn= in the said building. When
he had been sworn to tell the truth
and nothing but the truth, and cau-
tioned not to repeat aearsay, and told
that his personal experience was the
only testimony that would answer the
law, the old chap shifted his tobacco
end and looked very wise.
"And now," proceeded examining
counsel, "tell us what You known
about this exploeion."
"Well, sir," eaid the old chap, "1
taking a bit of a snooze in a chair
when I hears a noise like an earth-
quake, and the nurse says; "Sit up
and' take this.' "
Near Jamestown, N. Y., Mr, Olsen
had a cow killed ay a railroad train.
In clue season the claim agent of the
railroad called.
"We understand, of course, that the
deceased was a very docile and valu-
able animal," said the claim agent, in
his most persuasive claim -agent -like
manner, and we sympathize with you
tied your family in y,our loss. But, Mr.
Olen, you muat remember this: Your
cow had no business being upon our
tracks. Those tracks are our private
property, and when she invaded them
she became a treseasser. Technically
speaking, you, as her owner, became
a trespasser also. But we have no de-
sire to carry the issue into court, and
possibly give you trouble, Now, then,
what would you regard as a fair set-
tlement between you and the rail-
road company?"
"Vail," said Mr. Olsen, slowly, "Ay
bane poor Sweee farmer, but Ay shall
give you $2."
Down in Maryland Rastas oat
through the trial without paying a bit
of attention to the arguments of the
prosecuting attorney, or to his own
defence, for that matter, and was
"miles away," so to ;speak. The judge
wanted to be easy on the old man,
for it was his first offence, and dur-
ing the courae of the argument, while
the old man was dreaming away, un-
mindful of what was going on around
him, the judge asked:
"Rastue, do you drink?"
Restive tmenediately was all atten-
tion:
"Judge," said he, "can I ax you is
dat an inquiry or an invitation?"
Another pop -eyed negro on the
witness stand had been content dur-
ing his examination in chief to ans-
wer "Yes" or "No" to all questions.
but a controvero now arose between
his lawyer and the lawyer for the
other side. Wide -eared, he listened
while they hurled long, jaw-brealting
words and impressive -sounding Latin
phrases back and forth between them.
The opposing counsel turned on him
suddenly.
"Gabe," he demanded, "yeu have
followed carefully this intricate dis-
cussion touching on the various as-
pects of medical Jurisprudence involv-
ed in the issue we have leers before
us for adjudication, and in view of
that I now desire to know whether
you do or do not find your evidence
still coincides with the theory ad-
vanced by my learned brother?"
The witness cast a triumphant side
glance at his own attorney. Thee he
puffed out hie lips and his cheat.
"Most doubtless!" he answered.
-William McMahon, in Philadelphia
Record.
NEW REGIME
FOR SCHELDT
Belgians Ask Change in
Treaty of 1839.
,Dutch Firm for the Old
Boundaries.
:Palle Cable -The Belgian dele-
gates have finished the presentation
of their case before the commission
which is considering Belgium's' ee-
ullends for a revision of the treater of
1839. The Dutch representatives are
to be heard on the subSect August
20. In the meantime the commission
will take a recess.
Although nothing has transpired
thus far concerning possible conees-
dons by either Belgium or Holland,
It ean be said on good authority thte
the Eelg!arts still are firm en tneir
demands for a new reglme for '.Ite
Scheldt River, and are Hatay to re-
main firm on that point, twin it later
they may be dispesed to raedify their
toritorial demands.
The Dutch view is und :retina to
be =chat gel regarding the Scheldt,
which they are willing to free for
navigation in time of pettee. only.
They theist that they taenot tole -
alder any revision of V13 treaty' in-
volving modification af territorial
boundaries.
The final Maas probabla will mine
• With the Belgians stoutly maintain-
ing their demand for the opening of
the Scheldt and the lautee, refusing
. any eession of territory. A comero-
mists between these two viewpoints,
however', is totasidered probable,
--4-sesee
WHAT NEXT?
Inaulaitine Old leadyeasand What de
You cafl that?
laan: Witts Glatt --434 careful, Meal;
that is a hair trigger.
• Inquisitive Old Lady -Mow wonder.
• asell Wilk Of Oneisilast Part of a fires
MTh out of human Mir! What will
they get up next?
SHILULAHS ARE FLYING IN
THE "DISTHRESSFIJL MIL
Nationalists and Sinn Fein.
ers Fight at Londonderry,
and in Counties Down and
Tyrone.
Londoadero Cable - The eoldiere
used in suppressing riots between
Nationalidts and -Unionists in Lon-
donderry last night and early to -day
were withdrawn flame the scene at
the disorder at 4 o'clocn this morn-
ing.
numieer of rietere were aseured
during °barges be' the police and son
(A. P. Special Cable.)
diers. A• police inspector was nnocit-
ed down and kicked severely during a
baton caarge.
Londonderry, Ireland, Aug, 16, -
Rioting and looting occurred N tale
city during the past night and early
this morning. Troops charged on
mobs, but did not bre any shots, The
soldiers, however, were met with a
volley of stones when they attempted
to break upaa Nationalist demonstra-
tion, The manetary loses fro:u looting
and from damage to property is esti-
mated at thousands of minds by
Police authorities.
The trouble started when, National-
ists ad fire to a large number of tar
barrels which had been collected be-
neath an Area:over which. was dis-
played a pleture W Edward
President fo,
San tile `% fre !rl hug De vaiergi
"9"Wilf and
n on, sts
fenstphoeuind!d by singing the National
A
One force of troops kept the crowds
apart, while other deteclunents at-
tempted to clear the streets, charniag
upon the throngs repeatedly.
Bricks and stones were hurled et
the charging troops, one soldier being
!severely hurt, The Nationellsts Were
finally drivers back to their own guar -
shops were looted by the crowds, and
teiaWindows were smaehed and
the city was in darkness the entire
night. More rioting is feared to-
night..
Although several revolver shots
were Iteard, during the rioting, no
reports of anyone having been in -
Jared were received. The troops de-
clare that none of thera flred any
shots, and that when they drove bis.ele
the crowds they advanced with their
bayonets raised Nettie air.
Belfast, Aug. 16. -Ten Nationalist
excursionfits were injured during a
fight Friday with Orangemen at Lis-
burn, County Down, Serious rioting
Talysroonoe.ccurred at Coal Island, COueny
The trouble at Lisburn took place
after the Nationalists had attended
a "Lady Day" celebration at Louta.
In the riot at Coal Island Beveral
policemen and 'unitary officers' were
Waxed severely.
Soldier Lind I* ;lation in
English Speokind Countries
The • salient •features in connection
with theanoldiey land settleraent legis -
lotion ha English-speaking countries
are outlined below.
GREAT BRITAIN.
The 'nether country proposes to
make Mailable certain tracts of farm
land, and the Board of Agriculture
hes beTh empowered to spend no!),
oo,octo 1 settling returned soldiers.
The board has authority to pureluthe
60,000 acaes ia England and 20,000
acres In Scotlaaa. Pour small colonies
totalling'6,000 aloes have been estab-
lisbed. ease •settlement is followings
largely tad plan or colouies divided
into smallfarms with a central de-
monstration three, which will supply
instructots for the settlers na the Nen
ony, and...Where implements for work-
ing the landewill be available.
An eduenticanal qualification is ex-
acted. The .British scheme is designed
to settle -nil ranks, providing they are
os. eultabN educational promise.
Allowance %mounting to $725 a year
are'proviaea .for residential training
Wita experienced farmers. 4. man wao
has beeu 'a fife -long agriculturalist 'is
required'. to put itt at least one season
in this way en probation before' the
board will setale him in a colony. • A
longer period for less experienced
turners Is prbvided.
The Wan' does net contemplate ex-
tensive efedit to the occupiers of land
in soldier colonies. A co-operative
credit bank isto be established In
partnership with the state, and will
extend caedit for the purchase of stock
and equipment.
It ntaas Le remarked that the difti-
mite over subdivision of estates in
the United .Kingdom will make this
colony leantifficult to, put into opera,
ti ms.
AUSTRALIA. •
The Commonwealth of Australia
grants no free land, at leases its crown
lands Mid as Well acquires privately -
owned lands, and leases them to sol-
dier settlers at a small annual rental.
Advanees up to a maximum 'of
$2,500 are made to settlers. There is
sent() discussion now as to the ade-
quacy of this amount, and it is likely
to be raised to $2,750. Loans for per-
manent improvements extend over a5
years; leans for stock and equipment
from three to six years. The general
line of policy adopted by the Com-
monwealth may be aummarized in the
renewing terms: "The land will not
be given awase, but will be made avail-
able on easy terms. Every acre of
land will evensually have to be bought
and every sum aavanted• to effect im-
provements...or to lse ueed as working
capital will have to be repaid. The
idea is not to start off as land prot
prietors, but to provide the Meting Sag
earning it cosnfertable living and nit!.
niately, owning a farm." Tt should be
stated that the states turnieh the land
and the Commonwealth loans the
money to the Mateo, to be in turn
loaned to the soldiers.
As 111,'Cautula4 each applicant is re-
quired teaemonssrate hi fitness and
alai:rain for faun tnd those who
require .fuither Wining will be given
thN training Mins established in
the different suttee, and allowances
will be paid for stretenance during the
perioll et 'Ts:r,ing.
.11 its estimated that the sum oi
• $200,000;000 will to requited for the
establishment of soldier settlers in
Australia.
There are several feints' of land t611-
11re. 111 New South WaleseSouth Aus-
tralia and Queensland no freehold
• title is riven. Tlse settler pays a
rental or about lat pee cenit of the
value ot the land tan receives,. a per-
petual lease, 'which Is inheritance. At
periods varying from 10 to 35 years
the laud is revalued. The soldier set-
tlement policy of the Counnottwealth
and of the States is a modification of
the general settlement polio which
has been in active operation there for
many years.
UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA,
There is n special provision by
Government authority in South Africa
tor soldier settlers as detainee from
'civilian settler*. Under the Land
Settlement Act of 1919. amended by
the Act Of 1917, Crown land Is made
mailable for Bettlefs in South Africa,
tnd leiNed utatallY for fine Years% with
an option of purchasing at the price
fixed When the lease is made. No
rent is payable during the find year,
2 per eta. of the vela(' of the land
for the aecond and third years, 314
per eent. the fourth and 'fifth years.
• If the lease is renewed at the end of
five yeare, 4 per ceht. per 111111Ura is
charged as rent, The purelmee Vita
of the holding nuta be paid at alta
tints pre/Ming that all renditions of
tlx Nese have beent eomplied with;
but, notwithstanding each mamma
the settler is not =titled to obtain
transfer of his holding into kiss name
=ell atter * period of tem years front
the coMMencentent of tap Issases.
Settlers holding leases may Obtain
assistance in tae way of an advance
of• *1250 for stock, implements' and
other equipments. These ;advances
aie repayable' within five years, in.
• terest being at the rate ot 414 per
cent. To successful applicants, with-
out mental, monthly advances not ex-
ceeding $25 for purchasing food -stuffs
• and other necessaries pend4ng the
reaping of a crop, are provided by
the Government,
Provision is 'made ear the purchase
of private lana selaoted by the settler
u,p to $7,600, ,the. settler pay-ing 'onee
fifth of the parphalfe price. • The cost
of the transfer is borne by the settler,
and interest at the Tette olae per cent.
is charged. ;Repayments are sereed
over 18 years in equal aalf-yearly pay-
ments, the first payment being due at
the commencemene.of the third year.
In Southern Rhodesia the nritish
South Africa co:,..puers 500,000 acres
free to returnedenoldiers and sailors.
The holdings, depending on, the fer-
tility of the soil and local conditions,
average between, 1000 Mal 2,000 acres,
It 48 necessary thet the settler should
be equipped with capital of not less
• than t15,000 ftt addition to sufficient
money to maintain his family, iintil
his land is produoing. Leading farm-
ers have expreseted a willingness to
take soldief settlers as pupils me pay-
ment by the applicant of $25 a month
for board and lodging. No wages are
paid.
It is .provided that the applicants
must be British subjects of European
deseent from overseas, men who were
not at the outbreak of the war domi-
ciled N South Africa. This pence* is
with •a *View to bringing in settlers
from Britain and not to settle the
soldiers of the colony.
• 'UNITED STATES
The Amerthan Republic is making
provision for the reclamation of large
areas of swamp Nada: 1teturne0 sol-
• diers will be even employment oti
these recthmatian schemes, and will
• be allowed to select :farms on Which
• they desire to settle.
• The Government proposes, -with the
aid of the wittier laborer, to ereate
farms, build heases, barna and fenees•
and get the land unaer cultivation.
Up to date, howener, only preliminary
survey work has be= done, and be-
fore she dart develop adequate schemes,
it -Will be necessary for Congress to
Pato enabling legNiation. The aoldier
settler will be eleargea 4 per cent. in-
tereat on the actual cost of the farm
and for stock ana eqaipment the pay-
ments will be spread over a long
term. •
NEW ZEALAND.
Land foe slisebetegata seldlere is
divided into two Messes:
(a) For general farming and Sheep
e
runs.
(b) Small holdings near cities and
towns for disabled soldiers.
The Discharged •Soldier "'Settle-
ment Act, 1915, empewered the Gov-
ernor -in -Council to set apart mem
ef !Crown land for the purposes of the
Act, and in the new Act of 1916 the
Government is empowered to compul-
sory purehase land required for sol-
dier settlers!.
Finanelal assistance to the soldier
settler may take the form of clearing,
fencing, draining, erecting buildinge,
purchase of implements, stock, seeds,
plants, trees, and other farm equip-
ment. The new settlers get the land
at cost and finaneial assistance to
equip is given to those requiring it
up to $2,500, in most eases, but in
spenial•cases $3,750.
Lends leased. Or sold to discharged
Boldiers are not traneferable pntil
ten years after lease or sale.
Five per cent. intros° is charged.
advances for improYement are made
up to seventy.flae per tent, et the
value of the work done, -
es •
• CARNEGIE WAS DIFFERENT.
(Philesdelphia Record.)
The public generally Wraps together
Carnegie, Rocketeller, Morgan and
Astor, without thinking of the differ-
ent ways they Made their money or
the difference in their relations to tso-
clay. Their wealth Was the only
point ite cotronon,
The Astors have been little more
than rent chargers on the eity Of Nees
York. They bay° made Only the
=tallest contribution to the growth,
and eottunercial prosperity of the me.-
ropolis, but as fast as other people
am these things they Marked up thesr
rents and raked in the unearned In-
erernent. Morgan made his torture
in legitinutte banking. He was not
it speculator, And be did not back
speculators. On snore than one we.-
sion the money he put into Wali,
Street prevented or allayed a amide.
linhike pretent and recent Asters
ana„ Morgans, -Carnegie and Ratite -
feller made tbeir own forturna. They
began poor. They purottied veal alt -
Went MOWS, The Reeketeller
MCI* Wee to oombino competinic
ammo and WW1 0=4'01 Pomo
oleo, 0040$16111 1310tbod was to
COIXIbtfla 010 non -001311)0114 MOM.
ferMiag a !mices from the Ore and fuel
to the complete product, and. reduee
• Coate and neep hlraself 111 a paean=
wbere he could, Undersell anybody and
force the fighting all the tined. In-
• stead of suppressing competition, he
was always creating it.
In the darkest time alter the panie
of 1803, when the iron businese was
as dead as a door nail, be built the
• two biggest blast furnaces in the coun-
try, at an expense of more than a
• lion dollars eacb because they could
• Preduee Pig iron a dollar a ton Cheap-
ceorutihda. 11„ wbthe eSnaltablelesr teeelaRtianigt Pfuoornlaucnes_
• dertoole to maintaiu a fletious Klee
for rails .Carnegie broke the pool by
Cutting the price, and before the fight
ended he staid he had net cut prices as
MU= as he could; he could sell rails
at $12 a ton without losing money.
He began building mach the largest
steel beam mill in the world for the
Purpose of underselling the Steel Bann
Pool. This alarmed the enter ateel
interests, and It was felt necessary to
Put a ring in Ins nose or get aim out
et the business!. He had already
built a railroad freers Lake Erie to his
steel works to bring ere and carry
back iron and steel, so that he could
reduce coats and undersell his com-
petitors, He neede arrangements to
extend this road to the Delaware
River, and the Pennsylvania Railroad
• became as much interested as the steel
interests in getting rid of Andrew
Carnegie, who was described as a
"disturbing element,"
• While Morgan did not back specue
lation he dNapproved of cempetition
• and price -cutting, and was ready to
finance any sort of a combination.
He helped -at great profit to himself
-the Erie Railroad to acquire a large
• coal company which was on the point
of uniting with other independents to
build a railroad to Kingston on the
Hudson and escape the thraldom of
the anthracite combination. When,
• She corn crop was very poor and come
• petition for cargoes was driving down
ocean freights Morgan formed the In-
ternational Mercantile Marine. So
when Carnegie eves getting ready to
break the Steel Beam Pool and parallel
the Pennsylvania,Rallroad, Morgan or-
• ganized the.United States teel Cor-
poration. Carnegie refused to join
it because he was temperamentally op-
posed to combines. But the "disturb-
ing element" had to be got rid of, and
Carnegie was bought out at about
twice the price at which he had a
Year before given Frick and his asso-
ciates an option, which fell threugh,
Since then Ms...Carnegie bas devot-
'ad himself to philanthropy, founding
libraries, endowing the Carnegie In-
stitute, building Peace Palaces and
printing pacifist literature, giving
gifts to Scotland,- and thoroughly en-
joying himself, ,and the indibitable
jeering himselanand the indubitable
283-4 BUSHELS
TO THE ACRE
Is Preliminary Estimate of
Canada's Fall Wheat.
Hay and Clover Will Make
• a Record.,
• Ottawa Despatch -The prelimindry
estimate of tne yield per acre of fan
wheat for Canada is 28 3-4 bushels, as
compared with 19 bushels last year
and with 22 1-2 bushels, the decennial
average for the years 1909-191e The
yield per acre far 1919 is the highest
average on record, the previous re-
cord being 28 1-2 bushels in 1915. Up-
• on the harvested area of 797,750 acres,
the total yield Is 22,875,800 bushels,
as compared with 7,942,800 bushels
last year and with 29,320,600 bushels,
the record fall wheat yield of 1915.
In Ontario, where the bulk of the fall
wheat crop is produced, the total yield
for 1910 is 21,762,000 bushels from
t44,000 acres, an e.verege yield per
acre of 29 1-4 bushels. Last year the
Ontario yield was only 7,054,800 bush-
els from 362,616 acres, an average per
acre of 19 1-4 taishels.
The total yield of hay and clover in
Canada is estimated at 17,408,800 tons
from 10,662,870 acres, an average per
acre of 163 tons. The total yield is
the highest on record and compares
with last year's record yield of 14,-
772,300 tons. Of alfalfa, the total
yield is 290,300 tons as against 446,-
400 tons last year.
In consequence of continued drought
the •condition of grain crops in Sas-
katchewan and Alberta at the end of
July was worse her from 8 to 10 pointe
than at the end of aune. Thus the
condition of wheat in Saskatchewan
on July 31 was 7g per cent. of the
decennial average, as against 91 per
cent. on June 30, In Alberta the July
Percentage for wheat was 70 as aim -
pared with 80 in June. In Manitoba
epring wheat, owing to a general out-
break of rust has •deteriorated by
eight points, eo that the condition is
expressed by 92 per ceht. or 8 below
average, as compared With 100, or
the promise of an average yield a
month ago.
In the Maritime Provinces condi-
tions continue favorable, the percent-
age for wheat being 103 in Prince
Edward Island, 101 in Nova Scotia,
and 96 in New Brunswiek. In Quebec
the conditiots of a month ago has been
Maintained or even Unproved, wheat
being 98 for both months, and oats
being 102 for July, as against 99 for
June. It. Ontario spring wheat is 95
in July ae.againet 87 in June and oats
are 80 as against 85.
4,
Old Mothar Hubbard, -
Do you know who she was?
SOntebody has been looking her up.
And now We are told all about her.,
It !seems that her 'home was in Kit -
-
ley, Devonshire, England,
"Old Mother Hubbard" was the
house -keeper itt ti private home there
The poem "Old Mother Hubbard"
Was written over a century ago -in
180.
The auther of it Wes rifles Sara
Catharine Martin, who wrote Other
verses abont Mother Ilubberd.
There were 14 Versos and sketches
In al: which Miss Martin called
"Cenile Adventuress of Old Mother
Hubbard and Her Dog," and Which
she illustrated by aketehes :showing
at the eloee the happy dog and hie
dog bride.
She-ensould you cheerfully walk ten
milers for the 'sake of seeing me? llee-
lasr-arelle-of course, love. She I'm
No glad becauele I have just heard your
lava ear gen-Edinburgh Seetemast.
DRIFTS SIX
MONTHS ON
AN ICE FLOE
du,
Stefansson's Second in Com-
mand }las Arrived at
Edmonton, ,
Si.101114: ITEMS
• OF THE NM
• OF Tilk DAY
British Monitors and Patrol
Boats at Budapest to
Guard Shipping.
KEEiiAN LAND MYTH • LIONNING VICTIMS
No 'Permanent Currents Ex-
ist in the Arctic Sea,
is Report.
•
Edmonton, Alta., Despatch - Bix
montlse adrift on an ice floe in the
anal% Sea, cut off from all civiliza-
tion by miles as aeep water-suca
was the experience . of Stoker T.
Storkersen, -whet arrived in this city
Net night from the great Northern
wastes, Obeervations of great scien-
tific *value were setae° while the party
wason the ica floe, but thcee will not
be fully discusseduntil atorkeraen
• meets hie chief, Yilhjalmur Stefans-
eon, in 'Banff next Saturday and pre-
pares hie fall report,
Stefaneson was taken ill at the last
moment, and Storkersen, being sec-
ond in command, was forced to take
command of the party and emceed
witheut the other ettplorer.
So, in the =ring of 1918, after all
preliminary arrangemente had been
made, he set out. from Boder Island
on March 15 with 13 men, 80 doge and
eight Weds.
The objeet before the daring little
Party was to ether ter one year if pas-
sible on an ice floe and drift during
this time, They wished to determine
the currenta_if any, in Beaufort Sea,
to eake soundingend to discover any
new land that might not have been
sighted before, • -
Four months after the party went
adrift on the floe, ntorkersen wae
taken ill with asthma, brought on by
the extreme cold, and it was decided
to return to shore, The rest of the
party then being at latitude 74,
longtitude 147 W., etarted again for
the American 0ontleent and arrived
at Cape Halkett on Nov. 7. Front Cape
Halkett they. proceeded to Boder Is-
land, where they fell in with Captain
Anderson, from whom they got sup-
plies for thewinter of 1919. The trip
eras absolutely the first of its kind.
No other living man has ever deliber-
ately set himaelf adrift on an ice floe
for scientific'. punpoees. Taking evert -
thing into coneideration, • the journey
• was most satnfactoey.
NO fiERMANENT !OURRENTS.
In the nisei -place it was found
that there were no permanent cur-
rents in the sea. The ice floe drift-
ed with the wind and its course ap-
peared to he determined by that
agent alone.
Owing to certaia phenomena ob-
served by Mr. satorlsesen, he was in-
clined to think that there was land
to the north of the point reached.
The reason for this supposition was
.tlei fact that in stale six months the
floe turned domPletely around.
• The huge flee Wet seven miles in
length and at lease fifteen miles in
width, Seale, polar bears, ducks,
gulls and land birele abounded on
It, while ehrlinpe and small fish ap-
peared to be the chief • food of the
seals.
KEENAN LAND A MYTH.
Ats a result of the strange voyage,
much important information was
gleaned. Keenan Land, iwhiche was-
suppoeed to be discovered by Cap-
tain Keenan, was nound to be non-
existent. At least there was no
land on latitude 14 and between
longtitude 140 W 52, which was
where Keenan placed his find. In-
stead of land was water from 500
metres to 4,500 metres deep.
Mr. Storkersen strongly recom-
mended the Governtnenta plan of
commercializing the musk ox.
THE fljTURE
BRITISH ARMY
Plans Indicated by War
Secretary's Statement.
:Composition of Defence
Force., in 1920.
London Oable-The statement of
otWhnall
tt1Sh thet e°iRhineChurchill,
o Ministermwyouwould
dfboee coafpaWt reducediaori;
•
to 5.000 men, has brought out some
definite figures as to what Great Bri-
tain intends to maintain in the way
of a military establishment.
According to authoritative informa-
tion, the policy of the Government
is to be rebuild the old pre-war volun-
teer army, recruiting for which al -
needy has reached 250,000. These men
will be used to form 31 eavalry regi-
ments, 264 batteries of artillery, and
154 battalions of infantry, which 'will
constitute the defensive force of the
British Empire at the beginning Of
1920.
This latest decision regarding the re-
duction of the army on the Rhine
means that 170,000 men will return to
England beaween this time and the
end of October. The reasoh for !Inch
a large reduction Iles in the fact that
the work of eleaning up the devastat-
ed regions of Frame and Belgium has
•proceeded more rapidly than was exs
peeted, and also that the offieials of
the Allies are convinced that Germany
intends to carry out the peace terms
in good faith.
British and American officiate who
made it tour of the German arsenels
reeently found that the Germans were
powerlesa to resume Vie War.
Great Britain to -day has 100,000
soldiers guarding 400,000 interned
German prisoners in Englettd. While
the euthorities are =Antis to rept-
triate these men it Would have the et -
foot Of throwing large numbers of ser-
vice men back into GerMany, With the
aecOmpanying potential danger of giv-
ing tins (Seaman Government an est-
euse ter it alower demobilization to
the figures of lite pelted term.
Great Britain to -day ham 1,200,000
men under sums In various part ef
the World.
e - easeee • -
A fawning, tmealting and flattering
hypocrite that 'will do or he anything
her his sewn adventage.---fltillirtistleet.
A gog, in Cold -Storage 26
Years, round in De-
troit Probe.
• Mr. John Mills, Toronto, died as the
resut of his being etruck by lightning
during the electric storm ot Satateney
evening,
Mtrate DerliSell, of TOroUtO,
nouni‘ed on Saturday Vast reckless Me-
ter drivers could no longer expect to
get off with fines, but would be giv-
en a Jail term in every case of con-
viction,
manyllie, was killed by lightniag while
lida
psed.
lighting the lamps Safarday night,
in the St, Lawrence, near Pierre Is-
land, when a' barge and a yacht eel -
Thos. Hottra Harbormaster at Bo -w-
annest Pratte, of Sorel, was drowned
TaYor, a farsner, of Wiarton,
w
nominated Saturday to join 11, F.
O. and labor candidate for North
Grey
Guelph Junction Railway, the city's
municipal road, has yielded a 12 per
cent. dividend for the quarter, or $20, -
Cholera is raging in mans:parte of
China. Shanghai, Dairen and Tien
Tsin have become infected, and there
are numerous deaths.
Brig. -Gen. A. E. Ross, M. P, P., are
rived at Kingston from enemas. •
The Australian Labor party bas ex -
pelted everyone who participates in
forming the new extremist Australian
Socialist perty. •
The rice situation at Amoy, China,
is serious. It is estimated that leda
than a fortnight's supply is available.
It was announced at Lisbon that 21
German ehips now in English ports
will be handed Over to Portugal.
A fine bag, frozen hard, which has
been in cold -storage for twenty-six
Years, was one of the finds of a Fed-
eral investigator in his search througla
the plant of the Detroit Refrigerating
Company Saturday.
The body of Melville Young, who
was drowned three weeks ago az Tor-
onto harbor, was found at Port Credit
In the Credit River at a point near the
brickyards.
A strike ef, French weitresses called
upon to serve.German brides at the Y.
W. C. A. hostess house in Paris, is an-
nounced in the latest foreign news :re-
ceived by the War Work Council of
the United States Y. W. 0, A. "
Former Emperor Williams who has
been -living at Amerogen since his ar-
rival in Holland, has purchased ehe
estate and house of Doorn at the vil-
lage of Utrecht, according to the Dag-
biadh
Te Italian Cabinet, the Poole Ro-
mano says, has decided not to levy a
Sax on inheritances at this time. In-
stead the`Go,aernment will force weal-
thy persons to grant leans to the Gov-
erilment at a very low rate of bete -est.
Several British monitors and two
patrol boats have arrived at Budapest,
Hungary, to guard Danube shipping,
the crews being joyfully greeted by the
population.
Jame% A. Robb, M. P., Chief Liberal
Whip, and member for Huntingdon,
was married at Vancouver • Sattintay
morning to Mrs. Mary Elizabeth We -
tie, of Valleyfield, Que., formerly of
Maple Bay, Vancouver Island,
William Gardener, of Burnham-
thorpe, was killed and his wife ren-
dered unconscious, by a stroke of
lightning that tame down through the
chimney of his house during the storm
of Saturday night, •
King Alfonso signed tlee law auth-
orizing adhesion by Spain to the 'aase-
enant of tlee League of Nations com-
prised in the treaty of Vereetillea, that
part of the treaty paling with the
organization of labor also being as-
cepted by Spain.
An amefulment to the •Comae:M.-
wealth Immigration Act lute beeinin-
troduced in the Australian. House of
Representatives, providing that no per-
sons.of fanner enema parentage or na-
tionality shell be admitted to the Com-
monwealth for five years,
Presideht Ebert will take the oath
under the hew eonstitutinn before the
German National Asserably on Aug-
ast 20th. Ile has withdrawn the de-
cree which designates the Assembly see
the "Reichstag" in' deference to Pro-
tests from the Assembly.
James de Rothchild, eldest on of
Baron Edmond de Rothchild, was
struck in the eye by a golf ball while
playing over the links at Deauville.
nattnee, uccoraing te Le acetrnal. Rio
eye glasses were broken and it is be-
lieved he will lose the use of the eye.
An American caplthlist, the Inrench
newspapers say, has offered to give
the French Government an annual
royalty a 1,000,000,000 franCS fOr the
tobacto monopoly. Although this
offer was 200,000,000 francs above the
Menopoly, the Military Finance re -
of
returns to*,..b......_the ;GovernMnt from the
fused it.
LABOR'S ME1VIORTAL.
British Party's Wise Plan
for London.
London Cable - (lleuter).--Great
efforts are being Made 111 onftection
with the memorial to freedom and
eteate which the National Labor
Party propose% -to erect in London in
eornmenioratioa. of the killed, wound-
ed and incapacitated eoldiers. Cir-
culton are being issued to tradess an-
tennas everywhere throughout the
Brinell Nies, urging early attention
to this matter, ill view of the thet that
the enterprise is propoeed to Create
worthy headquartere for labor, vehteh
will provides suitable conference and
office accommodation; a well -stocked
library, eke It la hoped to begin build.
Ng °Dateline early next year.
When some Denote express a vilth it
never °entre to them that they might
prepay the expreesenne