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The Clinton New Era, 1896-01-31, Page 5W.Huron Farmer's Institute The regular meeting of the Weet Huron Farmer's Institute was held at Auburn on Thursday. President Bailie in the chair. After some routine busineeethe president called upon G. C. Gaston, of Craighurst, to introduce the first snojeot, "The best varie- ties of orchard fruits and how to grow them." Special reference was made to top grafting on hardy stook. He claimed that the fruit industry was destined to be one of the greatest industries in the oountry, owing to the limited era in which first-class fruit can be raised. The first planters be- gan wrong by putting out too many varie- ties and not hardy enough stook. The ear- ly varieties were the most profitable, if a suit'itble market could be obtained, as they were the heaviest bearers,and were market- ed before the high winds of fall blew them off. The quality of the Ontario fruit was not excelled in the world. The Columbian exhibition was a good educator of the Northern States, as to the quality of our fruit, as our fruits'had excelled all others at the exhibition in points of exoellence. The Northern Spy is a great favorite in the `United States. It does the best by top - grafting on some hardy stook, as it will come into bearing earlier. The "King of Tompkins" are the highest seller in the British market. He advocated spring planting, as the roots would take better hold and safer. The tops should be cut back in accordance to the roots, as the roots were more or less injured by remov- ing, and would not be able to throw up enough sap to make a healthy growth in the tops if they were too large. Never seed down an orchard for several years, but keep it in cultivation or in a root crop. Do not force the trees to grow too fast, but keep them in a good, healthy condition. Prune at any !time, especially when they are young, but June is the best month, as there will be less suckers then than in the spring. The best fertilizers were wood ashes, and clover was good if plowed:down when green. The grafting wax he used was composed of tallow, beeswax and resin, in the proportion of ,}ib tallow, lib beeswax and 2 lbs resin. Mr Jas. Johnson led in the discussion, which brought out many more points. Mr Simpson Rennie, of Milliken, was the next speaker, Hie subject was "tinder - draining", and by the way he handled his subject you could tell he knew what he was talking about. Tlie nature of the soil has the moat to do with the way to drain the land, as a level piece of land requires more draining in general than a roiling piece of land. The drain is best put in the lowest part unless in a very steep grade, when it will be best to drain on each side of hollow Tne cheapest way to drain is to plow out the first furrow with a narrow plow, then take the mould board off and plow another furrow, Then clean out and use a narrow, hollow spade about 14 inch long for first spade, and a long, 18 inch narrow spade for last spading. A good outlet for drain was a straight splitting cedar log. Split it through the centre, then hollow it out, and put together again with wires. It was best to lay tile from the lowest end, as then you could lay each night what was dug through- out the day, which would insure you against a freshet washing in your drain. The best level was water, as it was the truest. For a quicksand bottom clay tramped in would make a good bottom for the tile. The old dead grass was a good f thing to put at joints of tile in the quick- sand, then put on some more damp clay. A plow was the cheapest and easiest mode of filling in the drain. A small tile was not desirable as the least move of the tile would leave a very small hole for water. He then showed some results which he had obtained by underdraining. The first crop was on y two loads of peas off ten acres. d the land and obtained fif- Then he Brame ty-two bushels of barley per acre. Next year over $700 in money fcr crop of wheat. Then he ant eighty-two bushels of oats at 65c per I us. Although the prices obtained were seed grain prices, it shows the value of draining Mr R.0. McGcwan led in the discussion, which was prolonged until near dark. Supplement to CLINTON NEW ERA, January 31, 1896 SECOND DAY. (-1 The disouseione of the Farmer's Insti-j, tute was continued Friday morning. t;risp County Clippings Mr Rennie spoke on "Cultivation of po- Mr George Lewis, London Road South, tatoes and field roots. If possible manure has sold his 25-aore farm, to Mr Wm, Har - fn the fall and plow down lightly. If not riston, of Exeter North, for $1,838. Mr able to manure in the fall plow the land Lewis will become a resident of Exeter in good and deep. In the spring cultivate the near future. and plow the land thoroughly before plant- On Wednesday last Capt. A.M, and Mrs ing. Do not use too small or too large McGregor, of Goderiob, celebrated the 50th potatoes. Plant in drills about 3 feet apart anniversary of their wedding. The worthy and about 18 inohes apart in the rows. couple were united in the present St.Peter's Keep well cultivated and use Paris Green, ahurch,Goderich. for the potato bug. The same treatment Mr Edward Roasenberry, of Zurich, bad of land wee also good for carrots, turnips one of John M ossenter'e colts to break, and mangolds. These seeds should not be and one day last week he took it out to planted too deep or the ridges made too drive. The soil reared and fell bask, high. Thin 9I> that they would not bursting a vein, and in a short time the orowd in rows. Use a one shear cultivator beast bled to death. to loosen the soil between the rows to the depth of 10 or 12 inches, and keep the scut- Jn Tuesday morning at 5 o'clock the fier going as long as possible. The corn driving shed of Mr Thus. Shapton, of Ex - crop he treated the same way as he did the eter, was wonsumed by tire, amused by the root crop in the preparing of the land, and burning of an ash barrel, which contained after planting he cultivated, the crop the hot ashes. same, continuing until the ears were well The Stanley council met on Monday, set. Jan. 20th, all the old officers were again The quickest and cleanest way to har- appointed at same salaries. Thos. Fraser, vest roots was to hand pull and top with a John Masun and John Johnston were knife. Then draw to the barn and have appointed, with reeve and olerk, as board a box with a door in the bottom so they of health, and Dr. Armstrong as medical could be unloaded quickly. He also ,they health officer. hie experience in growing chicory, but claimed it was a very hard thing to get rid At the meeting of the 1Jeborr,e council, of when grown on the farm. Mr G. C. Caston continued the subject and gave his experience in growing roots. As his soil was somewhat different to Mr Rennie'e, his mode was somewhat different. Mr R. Medd started the discussion on Mr Rennie's subject which was well brought out., AFTERNOON SESSION. Mr G.C. Caston spoke on "The best var- ieties of small fruits and the mode of culti- vation." The strawberry should be plant• ed in May. Cut off all blossom the first year as it makes a stronger plant. Plant rows 3 feet apart, and 15 inches apart in rows. Do not let runners spread too mach —about 1 foot wide. Do not plant all one kind as some kinds will not produce by themselves. The raspberries should be planted in rows about 6 feet apart and 3i inches apart in rows. First year pinch back canes so they will mature their wood better. The wood is nicest trimmed in the shape of a tree. Spray with the Bordeaux mixture to keep orf mildew. He also explained how to grow and trim. them, but as it would almost take a chart to show the pro- per way to trellis them, I will,noc venture to do so. J. Walker, V. S., of Londeeboro, gave a most excellent address. on "The mare and her foal " The mare ahouid have plenty EVEN INO SESSION The evening eessionwas well attended, there being about 300 in .the 11.111. The speakere were: President Bailie, Mr Fred. C. Elfred on College life at the O. A. C., Mr 8. Rennie spoke on Agriculture in our Public Schools, Mr G. 0.. Caston . spoke on Horticulture on the farms. The evening meeting was enlivened by einging and in- strumental music by the young people of Auburn, which was done in a way that was a credit to them. and figures: Total number of policies: in force is 1921, total amount of property in- sured is $2,753,020 ; increase in number of policies over 1894 was 43; number of policies taken during 1895 was 495, and of insurance $084,085; increase of insurance over 1894 $4,875 ; amount of premium notes taken $96,130.91, amount of premium notes tak- en during 1895 was $28,217.81; increase of premium notes over 1894 was $642; receipts during 1895,110,095.80; expenditure, $9,394. 45; assets, $78.529.60; liabilities 1254; net assets 178,267,60. The above statement shows that this old reliable fire insurance company, unlike most companies, instead of receding, continues to steadily advance, and, under the same energetic and judi- cious management, we predict for it ano- ther successful year. held on Monday last, Mr w alter Keddy was re-elected deputy-ieeve; W. Holman, clerk, salary, $100; Paul Coates, treasurer, 70; W. Stewart, collector, 150; W. Miners, assessor, 150. F. Morely dud J. Johns were appointed auditors. A curling club was organized at Brussels the other evening, with the following officers: Jas. Stewart, pres.; D.C. Ross, vice pres.; John Hewitt, sec.; Wm. Thompson, W. Scott, J. H. Cameron and J. T. Ross, man- agement committee. Brueselsrecently won a game from Wingham by default. Though we sometimes hear of the death'of a centenarian, it is rarely that such occurs in our midet. There passed through Sea - forth, to Egmondville cemetery, on Thurs- day of last week, the funeral of Catharine Campbell, who was born in 1792, and who had thus reached the great age of 104. An East Wawanosh farmer sold a load' of wood in Wingham a few days 9.0, rep- resenting it to be worth $4, and which amount he received. When be went home he found out that he had not as much wood in his load as he thought for, so be went to the buyer when in town again a day or two afterwards and returned 25 cents. That's honesty. The little child of Geo. H. Irvin, WIn;- ham met with a painful accident on Friday last. They were fixing stove -pipes upstaire, of exercise either by light work or leading the little boy was downstairs looking up around before foaling. Do not give too through the pipe hole in the floor, when a much bulky food for awhile before, as it is pipe fell through the hole, ligting on his apt to cause t rupture in some vessel when nose between the eyes and almost cutting the:labor pains are on. No medicine is of it in two. much use to increase the flow of niilk if On Friday last Mrs Isabella McLaughlin the supply is short. Do not give the mare of Neepawa, Man., arrived at Wingham any medicine at all except when the mare station, on her way to visit relatives in looses her milk before foaling, then a light Morris and Wawanosh. Ars McLaughlin dcse of linseed oil will be beat. Let the is now in her 78th year and is quite hearty foal suckle the mare for six months, or and active. She formerly lived in the longer, if convenient. Halter break the neighborhood of Fordwich. and has a large foal as soon as it is a week or two old. circle of relatives in Howick, Morris and Give the mare a good bran mash, it will Wawanosh. help the milk supply. The Orangemen in the Morris district 11r S. Rennie spoke on "The destruction met at Blyth cn Tuesday and elected the of weeds." He tires dealt with the Cana- following officers:—W. M., Watt Maines, dian thistle. Never allow the thistle to Londesboro; D. M., C. A. Howe, Blyth; get in bloom, but keep them ploughed un- chap., John McGill, Blyth- R. S., William der; a good summer fallow or root crop is Sturdy, Auburn; F. S., 11. Leishman, Bel• the best mode of getting rid of weeds. gave, treas., R. McComins, Blyth, D. of C., houid b All stuble fields that are intended for , ,James Gibson, Blyth; lecturers, Bros. p ae p Owens and McCrea. iately after harvest so that all seeds will germinate, and then plow deeper later in the fall. There were about 125 present at morning and afternoon sessions. •The March meet- Wenger.— Judgment in actin tried at ing was set for Londesboro some time in Stratford, brought by the plaintiff, as as - March. The annual meeting will he held s.gnee for the benefit of the creditors of the et Nile the 2nd Tuesday in June at 1 defendant, Hannah, to set aside the sale of o'clock. The meetings were instructive 11,000 lbe of creamery butter, by defendant and lively throughout, and there was no Hannab.(when in insolvent circumstances,) lag at any part of the program.—W. W. HowEI.t., Sec.-Treas. The following is a statement of the busi- ness transacted at the Walton cheese fac- tory for the year 1895—There were 463,143 pounds of milk received, from which were I adduced in evidence in favor of defendant made 39.841 pounds of cheese. The total 1 Wenger, dismissed the action with costs. amount of cash received was $2,928.79, be- I The annual meeting of the board of ing an average price of 7.35 per pound of i di - cheese. It took an average of 11.62i lbs rectors of the McKillop Mutual Frie Ineu- of milk to make a pound of cheese Of the ranee Co. was held in Seaforth on Friday cash received 11,942.32 went to the patrons last with a full attendance. From the Au• 11981.47 to the factory. ditora report we glean the following facto The following. which we take from To- ronto court reports, of Tuesday, will be of interest to some in Seaforth: Beattie vs to defendant, Wenger, in August, 1894, in consideration of a pre-existing debt of $2,000, secured to the extent of $1,&l0, by the promissory note of defendants Hannah and Campbell. The learned judge deliver- ed an exhaustive judgment of twenty-two type -written pages, and, finding the facta Political Pointers Canada's public debt will next year re- quire $1''2,98.2,989 to pay for the annual in- terest. In the House of Commons, Mr McMul- len introduced a bill to amend the Customs Tariff Bill, providing for the free admis- sion of corn, whether for human or animal food. - The cost of the prohibits n commission amounted to 182,813. T 's money was squandered. We adjust our taxesso that imports from Britain bear 22 1-2 per cent., while im- ports from foreign nations bear 12 1-2 per rent. This is what they call a National Policy. South Wentworth local election on Fri- day resulted in the return of the Liberal candidate by about 1000 of a majority,— His opponent was Mr Buchanan, editor of the Royal Templar. We receive the best possible treatment in the British matkete. We can ask noth- ing more, and it is a laughable piece of presumption to ask that the British people tax themselves to increase the price of the produce we sell them. The Dominion Senate has adjourned for two weeks. It pad nothing to do. The pay of members will go on all the same Thie body is an, expensive luxury for a country in Canada's circumstances to maintain. In the Charlevoix election, on Monday, Mr Angers, the Liberal candidate was elect- ed over Mr Cimon, the Government stand - bearer, by nearly 200 votes. The previous member was elected as a liberal, but be went over to the Conservatives after he en- tered the House. Mr. -John Charlton, M. P., has returned to his home in Lynedooh, after several weeks confinement at Tonawanda, as a result of the severe accident which befell hirn there. He looks pale from his long confinement, but he is feeling fairly well. The Toronto World has reached the con elusion that Quebec Province is solid for Laurier. Ontario and the other Provinces unless in constituencies hopelessly gerry- mandered, will also go strongly for the pop- ular leader. The country needs a change. The Liberals advocate taxation for the purposes of goverrmeut; not a dollar for the combines. The Conservatives boast that theirs is a protective policy --which being interpreted, means a method of levy- ing the duties which shall enable the com- bines to collect taxes as well as the Govern- ment. The general notion at Ottawa seems to be that Sir Charles Tupper will crowd Sir Mackenzie Rowell out of the Premiership, that Sir Mackenzie will take the Lieut - Governorship of Ontario,aud that Mr Kirk- patrick will go to England as High Com- missioner or enter the Cabinet and run for Frontenac. The bye -election in West Wellington for the Legislature on Friday resulted in the election of Mr Tucker, brother of the ex - patron member, who was unseated •ted dis- qualified. The successful candidate got a good many votes out of sympathy, as it was held that his brother was severely dealt with. His majority is about 200.— No Conservative oandidato ran. The first Liberal caucus of the session was held at Ottawa, on Tuesday, the prin. ple question discussed was that of remedial legislation, when the party unanimously adopted the policy of Mr. Laurier. The meeting lastedfor over an hour, and aper it was over Mr. Sutherland the Liberal whip, said the utmost unanimity prevailed on the issues before the House and the country. He said very encourag- ing reports were read from the different districts of the Dominion.