HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance, 1919-06-05, Page 7•
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The British Navy
In Ilystory
JI r. I. Oto.stelt 'Hopkins.;
.r..114(l. Aetna*, ot "The
Cltadadialt Aunital
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T9 the bOy or girl or youth of Can-
ada Me record of the British Navy
phould be one af tbe most Attractive
of all possible studies, The career of
the Britieh seller, the course a a
Britieh slate :whether in War or peace,
Whether patrelling the &ries ill armed
alight or itt! Meerut Mieslon sal -
int' from part to port, amebas all
nettons and maces pad conditions, Tbe
Bretsie Saila meets with countless
natural proelents of earth and alr,
eeveriencee every kind of climate.
VieWe every sort of berntng tropical
heat or bitter arctic *old, viewevery
sort of scene in beauty or uglinees, in
etaine or cant, comes into contact.
train Said to Vladtstale, from Con-
ethatinople . to the Horn, from New
'Yak to Caleutta, from Quebec to
eleteourne, ,frem. Halifax to Liver
-
D00), with all forme of humanity; he
cara prove al the problems of our
Vast Empire with ite ownership a a
quarter of tbe earth% -surface, or 15,-
000s000 square ranee, and its contra
(at present} of a third of the world's
popalation, or 450 millions of people.
ettell proleems are too great for a
calla •to consider seriously, too„ big
fer a youth 'to master; bet even the
fritiae of them, the eutlinee of world
am:Widens, the nature a the mea and
women of ow day, the couutless races
atat .creeds, he vivid inctdents and
stireing even ,swhich are met by the
settee' or sea an as be traverses the
i
ll
world of wat rs, should prove a source
of Intense nterest. The Canadian
else; in factawho reads elarryatt, or
Kingston, orallenty, or our own Mac-
donald Oxleet, mill find stories- teem-
ingswith Metall the attraction of sea-
aoleer, with, esIl the brileiance of Brit -
telt', amities, • ',
'The Navy'. is called the "Silent Sere
Vide because the destinatien arid lact-
atikrn of its -*great war-ehipe, crui,3ers.
torpedo -boate, destroyers, eatinuarenee,
ete., are unknoWn to the euhtle; be,
cause its officers never talk in ROM
tat naval teaks, policy or diepesition
, dot :fleets; becan,se the press dees it
, ellecites the destributiou. aumber cod
•,auelity of mires or armamept er the
:action and aeraileleility of war-ehips
An general; tesereuse . seareecY •Is .essea-
- liar to all cletails of the SeavIce in
time of wars and ueeful ae le MAU
•7 f ttiem, in nays of peacebeeause •it
And •not been- or niany ye ere a• eant-
•letilly debatable subject -ail flritain
-*Agreeing as to the Vital need of a pow-
. arieri, dominaat tleet; because. in days
eeff Saanish malry upon every eaa and
esthete, or or Napoleonic greeres of
eFreiach world -power, or of the -tater
end'openly-aeowed German deign to
emee the greatest .Navy,in tae World -
eine 'which Weald eventuallydominate
eadd. bver-power that of neitahe-the
les e said et, construction, chaise.*
-antladispositicia of ships the better.'
Hence it is, that great diyistons of
'Abe,. British Empire, 'such ade Canada.
Aitetralia, South Africa, India, have
• eieeree quite realized the tremendous
Vora of the. Royal Navy in peace or
eseataSomethieg our people aave learns
erle'of Naval 'traditions area history,
. latra ' not enough to inspire them with
'the. same enehuslastic peiception of
tbe value of sea -power and Naval.
i
Place and pate. Victory of
Shwa June a4, 1340 - British over Prencla
. -,1Ittrfleur, Aug. 15, 1416 French over British and Dutch.
. Spedish Armada, July 21-23, 1588 British over Spaniards.
Doiter'Straltee Nov, 2e, 1652 British ever Dutch.
.Saatee Cruz, awl' 20, 1667 British over Spaniards.
Mouth of the names, July 25-9, 1666., British over Dutch.
eleiteery Heade June 30, 1690 Dutch over British and French.
Care Le Hoge, May 10, 1692 •English and Dutch over French.
Carthagena, seug. 19, 1702 British over French.
:Vigo, Oct. la, 1902 „ British over French.
-Centavo of Gibraltar, July 24, 1704 ... British over Spaulards
Cape Finisteere, May 3, 1747 .. ... ..., British over French,
' ealliberon1313Nov, 20, 1759 British over French.
Defehee of -GI z•altar, Sept. 13,1782- _British over Spaniards and French.
elteicatey's Victory, April 12, 1782 British over Preneh.
Ilewe s \elate*, June 1, 1794 British over French_
•eatfetIshant, eurie 1, 1794 . British over French.
Ceentreadowhejoet. 11, 1779 British over Dutch.
• Cape St. Vincent, Feb. 14, 1797 • British over Spaniards,.
_The •Nile, Au/; 1, 1798
Oft Cadiz, Iut 12, 180L Peet& over Frepch. e
, 13raish over French add
Trefalgars 01. 21, 1805 •British over French.
eilperthagett:. ept. 2-5, 1807 • British aver Danes.
•'Algiers,- Aug, 27, 1816 • .. .... :British over Barbary Pirates:"
Wavering, Gee. 20, 1827 . British over Turks,
Aare, Nov. 11,41840 British over Egyptians.
*Alexandria, July 1143, 1882 ThiUsli over Egyptians.
Ditiltlattd Isles Nov, 1, 1914 ...... ...;Brittsb. over Germans.
Dogger llankaelan. 25, 1915 ,,., , ;British over Germans.
• ,
Junand, June 1, 1916 ...... . ,... ...,Braish over Germans.
,
neiellee ea is held by 'the people of
the British Isiese
• To the Britleh people in thetr Wand
• fume Oval strength has ;Owens been
• vital. The navy has safeguarded. an
ever-growing commerce Upon the meat
distant seas and with •every caatIttent
'tend every nation. It has had for a
century to- protect the transpert of
British settlers to new •countriee awl
far -away regions; where, in time, the
BrItisla flag WAS to fly and prosperous
settlements, colonies, natious, were to
aevelelt. It has carried spielers to
guard BrItish dependencies aro erni.
grants in countries smelt ite India,
British America, the thirteen colonles
which became the puttee State, Seuth
and East teed West Africa, BSYPt lord
the Seatdan, Australia tura New 4eaft-
min, the Malay Peninatia or IlarMale
Perste or Mesopotaraie, Bouth Amer-
• ica or the West fueles. It has doue
much to -onetime treaties made with an
• infinite variety of nations, Tem,
tribes and peoples all oyer the world,
Everywhere, In every port and 'har-
bor, along every coast and national
water, In every ceau and sea and on
Most of the great 111142)4 weterst an
every great river and national water.
way, it has plow ea a silent path, a
POW-er, made the British 'flag respect-
ed, kept the peace at 'tines, and pre-
served local 4therties at other seems.
Everywhere it has been the force be-
htnd British diplomacy, the power
most feared by the ambitious auto-
crats or robbers of the World -weth-
er It was Philip •II. of :Spain or Louis
XIV,' of France, or the greet Napoleon
or Wilhelm H.; whether it was the
gold ships a the Spanish Main, the
Pirates of Barbara, or the bigoted fol-
lowers of Paul Kruger, Howard and
Grenville, Raleigli and Drake, dAnsoa
and Havae. Beabew and Nelson, Cole,
lingwood and St. Vincent, Rodney and
Blake, down to these later • days og
Jellieoe and Beatty, Tyrwhitt ansi
Keyes, Crathlock andSturclee have,
• with malty another leader of the seas,
Passed down the silent way e a the
navy to some inunortal achievement
and to the balls of British. fame. As
Newholt sowell puts it:
Admirals all, they said their say (the
echoes are ringing still),, •
Admirals all, they went their way to
the haven under the hill. d•
But they left us a kingdom none mat
take, the realm of the circling
sea,
Eat -ruled by the rightful sons of Blake,
and the Rodneys yet to be. .
;.,
Admirals all, for England's sate, hon-
or be yOurs and fame, .
And honor, as long as waves shall
Weak, to Nelson's peerless
name.
IIn the many years and ceuturiee
representedby these names the navy:
'made, .tae British Isles seeure and
made possible the expansion inte- e
world-wide empire; in tha battles an
wars covered by the fame of these Ada
tiaras Britein was frequently •figatiag
seeeral powers at °ace; in. each,case of
naval development by a great Euro
. -
peen nation the Island kingtiern had,
sooner or later, to face the issue and
win supremacy at sea or . fall to the
lowly and feeble place in the • world
'which her small islaad territory would
otherwise occupy. Spain in ita great
days of world empire, Prance under
Louis XIV. and Napoleon, Holland In
its time of naval power and eolanial .
expansion when Von Troller) Banta to
"sweep the seas with a broom," Ger-e
many in these •later days, had all, in
turn, to be met and beaten. Tae fol-
lowing table shows the spleadid re-
cord of British naval battlec-all vie
tortes with two specified exceptions:
and French.
.•
Spanish.
• There were many smaller actions in
Geese, veers and in the conflict with
"thesttnited States and some of them
evere defeats but, as a rule, British
ships and officers and sailors won the
tatee In the Frencit war ending 1802,
during which reat Britain as ,also
figirting tb.e Dutch and Spaniards, a
total of 541 ereenry ships 'were ceptur-
ed; -ln •the War ending 1814, during
Wald. 13r1ta1n. Was fighting France,
*fan, Denmark, Russia and the Unit -
•ed States, all the sane tine, 569
hl were" ce,ptured; hi the 1914-18
aVar with tlermatty enemy shipping
Wee witted off the seas entirely and,
on Neve 21, 1918,,without a fight. and
Izneminittis aceeptance Taefeat,
the, bulk of the areal German Navy
suraendered• to Sir David Beatty and
the airitislt North Sea Fleet.
to thet later war the tacts
setapower may be briefly minunarized,
Witholit the liritleh Navy /Nance
ecethl not have been Imbed by- the Mil• -
liege of men ,who Poured across the
Channel and .the Atlantic aud, indeed,
train all parts 0 the world, to its een-
tral battle -fields; without the British'
Navy our Empire could never have
• oonducted simultaneoes campaigns in
Egypt, Watt Africa, the Cameroons,
South West Africa, the Balkans, Pales-
tine and Mesopotamia; Without the
• British Navy Germany's colonies toad
not have been conquered ahd heldevith
Germany quite impotent to rescue
them; -without the British Nava the
Belgieh Army eduld never have been
• re -armed, re -constituted arid' re.
• equipped, or the Serbian tomes sim-
ilarly saved and reeniade; without it
leussia, would not have been munition-
ed for three long years or Italy ens
abled to overcome her natural eidetic'.
eencies of supply end industry, or
lerance remain a great manufacturing
nation; without it Greete mad not
have been held to the Allied cause
and Blilettria and Turkey eventually
troreed to yield; without it the dietant
-emwer of Ameriee could net have been
rendered effective or the Allies
modhled to import heels* from the nen-
teal world alt thut they needed or
ould obtain.
U. S SfARANE COMPLETES
HER TRANSATLANTIC tOYAGE
And May Fly Back By the
Direct lion4topeRoute.
Plynrouth Cable - The eeaplane
• It C. 4-a0tnDleted her on :light
from the Matted' latates to -day. She
arrieed here from Perrot, Beath, On
the lest Junla of her jourrrey at 2:28
Dane hetet time,
Reen Interest in the event that the
fide weather vehleh stseceeded * rainy
Awning tretinsteet out lerge .erowen to
t tete Ariving eeallteentt, the greet
ins Or -Atter were made out off
herbor et 2: 4 o'elock. Ph* me,
hies etakin.ga 4,ubi,g finish, ewept
teatekly eseedwarti, and three minutes
•
later had settled nown on the waters
of the harbor, to the steeompaniment
of ceeere front the crowds and salvos
from Ail the stent craft within sight
--her trans-Aelantle trip ended.
The N. C. 4 left Perrot at 6:27 o'-
eloek Greenwich, time, and made the
distance of approximately 500 milefo
thie port In six hours, 50 miautes
op at tho rate of nearly 72 miles an
hoar.
. MAY fox DACE DIRECT.
ITlymetith Cable It hats been
teamed here unofficially that there
is& proapeet that the Ameriean Kea -
plane N. C. 4 may fly home over the
dIreet Atlantic route from Ireland to
Newfoundisnd, tt j understood is
coeferearte will be arid 'hero airma-
n,. to gisenss he profrzt.
HA HONORS
-OCEAN FLIERS
AFTER RESCUE
Hawker and Grieve Got the
First Air Force Crosses
Given.
Vi kUSSNEEO
Is Big Thing, Says Grieve -
More Details of the •
Trip,
London cable says: Harry Hawker
and LeeuteCommander MacKcarzio
Grieve, who reached nere from 'elan, -
so, Seetlend, after being resene Du
mid -ocean when the airplane ted whicie
they were attemptiag to cross the .Ate
tattle alighternettr the Danish steam-
er ;tlary, were received by MLlg
George, at Buclangnaux Palace, tias
moraluee
elalieetY beetowed on Hawker
tUtel Grieve the insignia of the Air
Force Cross, They ere the trot actual
reclpiente of tells order,
An immense erowd gathered la
front 'a Bucalngham Palace to wit-
ness the arrival of Hawker and Grieve.
Who were loudly cbeeral wimp. Oen,
made their appearance, Tee crowd
sa gave an ovation when they left the
palace.
The Air Cross with whica King
George decorated Hawker and Grieve
is a new honor, wench is bestowed for
"devotion to duty."
M1
JT PERFECT WIRELESS,
London cable: The Sopwith air-
plane driven by Harry Hawker, on
bis unsuccessful attempt to fly across
the Atlantic started from St. John's
with a gasoline supply of 340 gallons.
Half this amount had been used when
the airplane alighted In the sea near
the Danish tramp steamer Mary.
In, talking of the voyage Lieut.-
Commander "MacKenzie Grieve said
re
to -day that, in bis opinion, the futu
of aerial navigation lies. in the per-
fection •of wireless egalpment for etre
planes, by which •the machines may
be guided.
MORE DETAILS OF THE TRIP.
'London, cable: Describing fur-
ther the trip of Hawker and Grieve
In their attempt to cross the Atlantic
in an airplane, the correspondent of
•the Daily Mail SAYE that. Hawker res
planed seated the wleole time, but
that Grieve •moved about. kneeling to
examine the drift indicator, standing
up for observation or going forward
for the wireless. Each a them ate
sandwich and drauk four cups of
cotteeliut of a vacuum task. "And
'the next time I ate," said Hawker.
"was about seventy-two hours later,"
adding with a laugh, "yes, we didn't
„jam _enough calories, The fact is.
• I was very seasick when we get down
low, and afterwards for two days in
the ship. It was like being in a small
motor boat in a bevy :sea when we
flew down to look for a ship," Hawk-
ed adder. "We were between bigh
waves, and were bumped about quite
badly."
Describing their position when the
plane allghted, Hawker and Grieve
said that they were in water up to
their knees, and the waves were close
to the upper plane at times. Tho nose
of the machine was turned into the
wtntl, and now and again a big wave
cleated over R.
"I had to laugh," sald Hawke;
"when one _big wave, a. real big one,
Caine up ilneer the top plane, which
up to that time had been dry and
shining, tilted eis right out, and 1
aw the trailing edge of the top Diane
break clean away."
Grieve asked the captain whether he
could salve the machine, but the cap-
itate regretted his inability to do EO.
"We lost everything," he said. "Nee
wet aboard the Mary 'without caps a
boots. All my log lead been washed
out of my poeket except one small
ege of rough notes."
Both were reluctant to tleecribe thela
eelings at the time, but summed them
up as follows:
Geleve-"I didn't feel excited in the
slightest, either at the start or,wheu
rescued." •
Hawker -"It seemed a very unevent-
ful affair. When we started we felt 11,
was a 100 to 1 chance for us."
Hawker said they spent their time
discussing how the Mary was handled,
and whether she could salve the Ina -
ague and lin appliances. All this
ame the tittle boat carried by the
Sopwtth inaebine Waa entail beside the
Diane, daneing about like a cork.
"When the ehiper boat reached the
Plane," eald IIttwiter, "site banged
eight lute the machine and we hopped
on •board. The ship slung a rope out
and heeled, the boat bade, and we
climbed aboard the Mary.
"From a navigating pant of vicar I
Placed no reliance on the wireless
other than a means of asking the
Positions of ettch ships as we might
pass," nal Grieve. "The ships had
Previously been asked by wlreless from
St. John's to make known their Poet.
tions It they saw us by day or if we
fired lights by night. As we saw no
'vessel, ne ligat was fired. Oe vessel
has reported having seen a light, but
the 'observers on board may have
descried the red glow of the exhaust.
"We -preferred to navigate chiefly
by celestial observettons, and my posl-
tion, as I worked It out by the stars,
was virtually correct, I found vixen
picked UP. I used a cloud horizon
Instead of a sea horizon, as the sea
was hardly vistble any of the time
we wore in the ah'. During the flret
four hours after leaving we passed
• over fog banes. The clouds below
were like a see, giving a perfeet bora
Am. I had only to judge our eistanee
above them and take the sun As on
a sea horizon.
"tip to 1015 o'clock we steered to
• make It true ettst course, not magnetic
east. During that period I took sights
every hour. At 15,25 2 ulnae out that
• we were 400 miles from St, John's.
We then altered our course to aorta
73 degreee east true, to keep in track
of ships, which, we Should Just have
entered at that Um°. The clouds were
badly broken up, and made agate Im-
possible until about 1.30, when 1 Man-
aged to get the pole star down to a
fiat piece of cloud, and was surmised
to flied we were about 150 miles south
of our course. We immedietely altered
our course a little to the northward
to counteract this drift, but from 4
further sight obtained half an hour
later I found we were still settnnu
southward, and, realizing that a very
strong northerly gale must Imve been
blowing, made a dechled alteration to
the northward, and worked the Ma-
chine up to latitude 50 degrees north
and into the track followed by ships."
Spare the children from suffering
.from worms by using Miller's Worm
Powders,. the Most effective vernal-
fuge that can be got •with which. to
combat these insidious foes of the
young and helpless. ' There is noth-
ing that ,excels this preparation as a
worm destroyer, and when its quali-
ties become larawn In a household no
other wilt be used. The medicine
acts by itself, requiring no .purga-
tive to aesist it, and so thoroughly
that nothing more is desired.
LLOYD GEORGE
TALKS PLAINLY
'London Cable - (lReuter,$)-In his
speech to the Weislt division at Ami-
ens, Premier Lloyd George concluded;
"The futirre of the vvorid depends
upon this aeace •being imposed upon
Germany. If it is necessary for you
to march toward Berlin; if your leave
Is Cancelled, or if your doarture or
England is delayed, you will kaow
that I alone am responsible, so you
had better get your firing party out
now. See that the seal is put on the
document you helped to write and we
shall have a world-wide peace." .
GERIVIAN GOLD.
Peace Experts Plan to Reg-
• ulate Its the.
Ca.ble.-geenomIe experts with
•the different delegations at the Peace
Conference are melting a Close study of
the disposition to be made of the gold
which the Germans are paying for feed
supplies. This gold is being shloped in-
to Belgium and stored in the 13elgiunt-
Nationa1 Bank. Realizing there wouktbe
a general disturbance of world credits
If this gold shoutd be taken to the United
;hates, economists have advanced a plan
to hold the metal where n is as security
,whIch 'will be gradually redeemed by
shipments of eoinmodlties to various
parts of the world. They say this would
band up a eyele of ,,ereclits which wonid
assist in stabilizing mtorld.cornmerce and
eventually Make the gold available for
the allies who need it as a basis for their
r
When Holloway's Corn Cure is ap-
plied to a corn or wart it kills the
roots and the callosity comes out
without injury to Get flesh.
Boozy 33rennan (trYlag Itlarney)-Pes
a faille day, yer honor. Judge -Von
are right, and the- amount of yours
will be $1.0,--Detroft Free Press, v
AIRPLANE LUNII3Elt DEMAND
CREATED HUGE INDUSTRY
Type of Magnificent .Spruce which Is being cut in Itritteh Columbia.
When thenecessary reedjustelente following upon the close of thp war are
caMPleted. Vice-Preeident and General Manager W. P. Hinton, of the Grand
Trunk Pacific Railway, predictthat the lumbering induetil in Central and
Northern British Columbia and on the Queen Cbarlotte Islande will develop In
truly wonder ul fashion, The demand for airplane spruce led to the creation Of
d
a huge news, un B
stry in regions iritish Columbia that were practieally Me.
developed. ,Very little exact information was nvailable as to the extent of the
spruce areas, but large stuns of money have now been spent obteleing thie
valuable data. Scores of logging planta were placed in operation on the Qtteell
Charlotte Wanda where little lumbering had previously been don A
it tette Of water trtt
Won Woe created to facilitate the towing of itcro
the liecafe 9tralgjite to the mainland at Prince Rupert, B.C,. Where MOW
hoe erected to etree gorge* excluetvely. The oteordination of I
UP- MTV
17e4 1l to ever Increasing monthly rail shipmente
run Paelfic out of Priece Rupert, these shipments, when the
-mac spruee was at its height, being double the entire British HUTTT
of normal threw. A new market for the magnificent "pram of 8ritith
ist row beteg developed by the creation at Prince Raped of large
ithipbuilding plants for the construction of wooden and steel vessels.
-NREE YS .NOTICE TO• form le timed, utte oue-half tide quart.
ate of lime in paste form tif the dee
and
At faoprwed? otrrOpillantft ibiletinagre pireeseesottet:
TREATY• N • OT SIGNED InDoll'At delay the application until
UN F phate Mid Ireplaco the Bordeaux
enixe-ttlard or a, pint of nicotine sul-
Their Army of Occupatio Will Move on
Berlin, ad Blockade Enforced
German Counter -Proposals for Peace Make
Strong Fight for Colonies
Paris cable: Gay one or
copies of Inc German countee-Dr
;saw to the Peace terms, printe
German, will be !tutted to the A
and Assocleted repreeentatives at
settles to -morrow. It is probAble
document has 'been. - translated .
French and thiglish, but the trait
tions have nbt yet been px•inted. W
ready, 800 -copies will be furnished
Allied delegation. The document
comprise one hundred and eight PA
twe of right for a lasting peace, "of a
opo- right waleh was agreed upon," It
d in SaYa that the treaty involvee de -
BIN etruetion of German econornie life
Ver- and subjects the Gamut people to
the a financlei elavery, "unparalleled in
into the history of the world,"
elae
hen It sUerhRX8a tHreitett'retoTeirniftoiiL force,
Wth117 citatiasstareoeplhaeretrittltweottvilhdoltielavnorfld,frg
ges, Ilerman statement adds::
"A dying peilosoPhy of inveriale
°eke letie end capitalistic tendencies is
etea here celebrating its last terrible
ting triumph, We appeal to, the innate
tO right of men and eatiens under
oat- which the Iteitlele state developed,
for the Dutch people liberated tame -
tee selvtel, the North American nation
tee esta iehed its- Indepentlence . and
ay, France shook off abeolutism, The
ta sustainers of a sacred traditien can-
at- not ranee it. to a people whicli has
0,a just won the power to live accord -
two
rag, Ing to ItelpoonnatRee cwolL110.'N'
the The propose' regarding Gerniany's
apt forma' colonies points out to the
Peaee Conference that an absolutely
erg". imPartial settlement of all colonial
-be claims was promised In number five
• of the fourteen palate mentioned in
• President Wilson's message to Con -
grass Jan. a 1918, and,elaims that "an
ac2!d,,. • pit:Pe:ryti, al settlement proposes a hear -
taken, and such hearing has not taken
hear-
ing of both sides before a decision is
er.While appealing to the promise,
and especially to the principle that the
regulation of colonial claims should
take place with due regard egually to
the interest of Oovernments and the
London. cable: The Allied bl
ale Council at Paris has ecnnol
ell areangements for again put
the blockaae of Germany into tome
sign the peace treatY, while c
plete plans have been worked oat
the fullest co-operation between
military and economic forces wh
will be employed in case of neeese
Immediately following a failure
the Germans to siga the treaty, p
ting the allied and Assoelated
ernments to the necessity of eat
Germany will be giveu seventy -
hours' notice of the termination of
armistice, On tile expleation of t
period the Dritteh, Preach_ and Am
cans will advance -Into Germ°.
Shnultaneously the blockade lent
entoreed as tightly as possible.
On the amngements .perfected
Mg the aver to proteet es far as p
sible the tntereets rteutra natio
while preventing .the 'entry of fo
oe raw material into Germany, tee
again be braught into play and G
Inany will find herself adequately.
off frora the rest of the werld,
"PEACE ON A NEW BASIS."
Berlin cable: The German co
Ler-proposals to • the allied erea
terms were published m Berlin
day, The reply asserts the willingne
of Germany to reduce her armame
tthoeaa.ginieeast,er extort than demandee
Germany, tbe reply says, refuses
accept the punishment terms fixed
the, peace treaty,• And it is darter
that the Allies cannot -emelt accuse a
sentence Germans Minty of respon
Witty for punishable 'tads.
In 'spite of the great length ti
counter -proposals, the • meraorandu
does not go into all'eletalls of tee a
lied terms, but alinselo place the e
tire work of pettee Ma a new basis."
Germany offers to disarm all
her battleships on condition that
part of ber inercahtile fleet be r
• stored to her,
She proposes that there be no te
ritorial chahges without eonsultatio
of the populations affected.
The cession of laver Silesia an
the claims to East Prussia. West leru
selacier. d Nernel are emphatically r
It Is stipulated that Dantzig sha
become a free port and the rive
Vistula neutralized.
Occupied territory is to be evaeuat
ad within six months.
21 the League of Nations is estab
ished with Germany as menthe
'Iermany shall continue to adMiniste
er colonies in accordence witheth
rineiples of the League as its mantle
017,
OFFERS TO PAY.
Germany offera to pay 20,009,o00
00 marks in gold by the year 192
s indemnity, and to make afueua
ayments front 1927 onward to a
eta' not in exceas 1100,000,000,000
arks in gold. • ,
Objectfon is expre,seed to the de
and that Germans be eurrendered
✓ trial in enenly.courts, the reply
ntending that an impartial author
y ought to be instituted to eatab
sh all violationel of interuational
w by whoever committed.
FOR TERRITORIAL GAIN,
It In declared bY the Germans that
though the speech made by Prost-
nt Wilson in October, 1916, reoge
zed that responsibilitY for the war
sted on the entire European eye -
in, the treaty requires •Germany to
knowledge that she and her allies
re responable for all damage sta-
red in oppoeing tountrtes. • it is
eerted that it is incontestable that
me of the Allied sled associated
wens, such as Italy and Rou-
ania, eutered the war for the sake
territorial conqueste.
The German eounteteproptxtala ar-
e that there is no baste of riget
the obligation to make conven-
tion which is to he imposed on
rrnarty. Complaint le made that
amount of compensation is to
fixed by a hostile etranniesion
ose powers would enable it to
Ininiuter Germany as a bankrupt
te. This,at is declared, le incompa-
le with the inate right of natione.
ONTJNITATION OF COALITION.
he Statutes of the League of Na-
na, it le further asserted, contra -
t nuMerons declarations male leY
Governments OPosed to Ger-
AY, alld the league es"Merely a
tinuation of the eneity coalition,
Is added that there is no realize -
n of a real league of uatione and
t in Its present form the team
eetablieltee eftect the alliattee
1814.
he reply Plaintaina thet the
atr shows elermetty ae a nation.
icb einiPlY to be destroyek mut
8:
This is a complete repudiation of
idea, that every nation has a
ht te existence, ana violates the,
it tot Oaf -determination."
6E1,10 DETiortalINATioN,
he stetenieut then iletaile, tong
ectiona to the proposed treat-
rit of the Saar region, Itaimedy,
()snot and Alsace and the eastern
Wen, and argues that the worst
nifestation a the disregard of the
t of eelf-deternainettion Is the
aration of Danzig from- the Ger.
ti Empire. Other abrogatione of
right, as eited In the etateMent
udo the refusal - to allOw the
ions of GerMene in Gerinan-
tria to unite with Attetria, while
er millions of Germans are
ed to remairt under the new
cite -Slovak state.
etIon III. of the -counter-propos-
reiteratea the declaration that
draft of the Peace Treaty Is la
meat tontradietion toe the bade
Ite- governed," says the•German note, "the
t* proposal Is made to refer colonial
•questions to a :Vale' committee. This
its committee, to be formed of manda-
by 'tortes and experts of both parties,
shall take as the subject ot its delib.
to eration the aforementioned point five
by and other points rpeintioeed• in Presi-
dent :Wilson's four speeches of ,1918
ed referring to the subject; Secretary
nd
Lansing's note a. Nov. 5, 1918; the
article of the drat of the peace eon-
s, relating VS- colonial questions,
4' and section nine of the German
League of Nations proposal, es well
1- as the interests . of the populations
11- and the Governments concerned."
The proposal argues the demand
of that Germany renounce her overseas
a possession cannot be reconciled
g. with the armistice terms, and holds
the view that Germany's claims toetere•
r- restoration of her colonies is just.
a Germany, it says, "Is ready, should
the League of Nations be formed in
d which she is immediately elected with
3- equal rights, to carry on the adminis-
e- tration of her colonies, in accordance
with the principles of the League of
Nations, and in given circumstances as
1,1 its mandatory."
Point five in President Wilson's
fourteen points for peace were as fol-
• low"lesr;ee, open-minded and abeolutely
impartial adjustment of all colonial
r, claims, based urion a strict observance
r of the principle that- in determining
6 all each questions of sovereignly the
• interests of the population concerned
must have equal weight with the
equitable' claims of the Governnaent
- whose title Is to be, determined."
GERMAN PRESS COMMENT.
1 Berlin, May 28. -The newspapers
comment at great length on the Ger-
man counter-prOosals. Taeodor Wolff,
In the Tageblett, says that the whole
- counter -draft eorresponds to the demo-
cratic ideals of right, and in no way to
military nationalist conceptions. The
- demand that the occupation troops
- shall return home in six months the
latest, might also be reckoned as
meant to effect the preservation of
German sovereignty.
The Vorwaerts saYs: "Everyone in
Germany has read the text with
heavy henrts. If sober reason prevailed
at Parts, it would *jump at this pro -
emit." The Vorwaerts, however,
thinks that the signing of the Entente
draft be insisted upon.
•
Attacked by Asthma, The first
fearful sensation is of sUffoeation,
Watch hour. by hour becomes more
desperate and hopeless. 'l'o such a
case the relief afforded` by Dr. e.
Kellogg's Asthma Remedy seems
nothing less than miraculous. Its help
is quickly apparent and soon
the dreadful attack 15 mastered: The
asthenttie who has found out the de-
Dendability f this sterling remedy
will never be without it. It is sold
everywhere.
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4 14+-4-4-14 44.4-444.444-4 0-4
a YO U R
SPRAYING
(ExPerimental Ferns' Note).
At this stasoti of the year partieue
tar attention shottld be paid to the
Prevention of ravages by disease and
insect pests. It is possible by a
timely applleatton of the proper
sprays to colitrol effectively many of
out worst diseasea and pests,
Spray materials may be elivided into
three Messes, First, there are the
fungicides, such as Bordeaux mix-
ture and lime sulphur wtash, which
are need to control or to prevent the
velopment of fungous diseases euch
as Apple Seale and Potato 13light. See-
ondly, there are potion sprays, •such
as lead arsenate, for the -control a
biting insects such as the Potato
Beetle, Tent Caterpnittra, etc, and,
thirdly, the contact sprays, suck as
keresene emulaton or nleotine tut-
pliate, for the control of sucking In-
sects like pIant lice.
By seletting the proper under Niel
of these three headings, a combined
spray conteining all three can be used
and, thug, In a single applieation, one
has a fungleide And a comple in-
secticide totnbitted. A good com-
bined spray is made up as follows:
4 -4 -40 -Bordeaux, eonsIsting a 4
*ponds unslaeked linte, 4 pounds sop -
Er sulphate, and 40 gallons of wie-
the diseese .or pest lute become eve
tient by Its ravages, but make the
application in time to prevent the
tlamage, An application or Spray
ls not a euro, it Is a preventative.
Do not think that one applicetion
is sufficient. Remember that at this
season of the rear follagey grows
rapidly and it large anuMnt of new
lee! surface is soon expostel atter an
•application is Tirade, and it is this new
uucoated :white which is a source of
Infection. Three to four epraye dur-
ing the SOASOn will be necessary to
keep the beeves covered and the
plants free from disease etra pests„
Melte the applications thoroughly,
drenchlua all parts of the Plant with a
fine, mieWthe spray. A coarse spray
Is not as effective as a finely divided
one,
You have not already done so,
make aPPlication at once to yeur
nearest Experimental Farm or Dis-
trict Representatives for A Spray Cale
ender, or apply tilrect to the Central
Experimental Farm, Ottawa, These
Calendars will give you full instruc_
tons as to mixing and applying
sprays for the control of all pests and
diseases, Don't delay. Do it now.
•
ANY ENGLISHMAN
WORD 00 !'.AME
Hawker Tells Why He
Speeded His Start.
Wanted to Beat Americans
in Crossing.
. London cable Says: Speaking et it
Tluncheou given to -day in his and
LieuteCommander Grieve's honor,
Harry G, Hawker deprecated the
organization which had won for the
United States the honor of the first
crossing of the Atlantic by a heavier
than air macheae. 2e declared tha,t it
was not a serious atteraPt, with a
ship stationed at "every twenty
Yards,"
Hawker continered: "If you put a
ship every fitty miles, it shows you
have uo faithan. your motor,"
Hamater diselOsedthat on Seturday
night, immediately ereceding his start,
he and Raynhain had agreed that un-
less the wind chauged they would
start on Sunday for a flight by way
of the Azores aid Portugal, The wind
veered slight eatarday night enough
to give Hawker and Grieve the chance
to start from ;their airdrome; but it
was unfavorable for Raynham.
He declared • that although the
weather was itofavorable, the suc-
cess of the Americans in reaching the
Azores forced hint toestart.
"Any Englishman here," he added,
"would have done the same thing
under the seine eircumstances."
Lieut. -Commander Grieve said he
was very nervous over his navigation
abilities when he started, but soon
ascertained that the navigation of an
airplane was the same as of a ship;
there were no difficulties unfit the
clouds precluded the taking of sight-
ings, He predicted that the navigat-
ing of airplanes would be a simple
matter in the. future.
The Daily Mail's a5,000 consolation
Purse was presented to the two air-
men.
After their reception by King George
awkor and Grieve sa,w Queen Mary
and the Prince of Wales.
The ear of the aviators was be-
sieged by the crowd as it left. the
palace, and it was with difficulty it
was able to proceed.
-
STRAWBERia
SHORTCAKE
The genuine oldefasleioned straw-
berry shortcake, made by the real
Southern book, will always dwell as
a wonderful memory in the minds of
those fortunate enough to partake of
it, and if the !following directions are
carefully followed any careful house-
keeper can prepare and serve it hi all o
its glory exactly As it used to be
"down South before the war."
Two bons ot beerles should be
used in making shortcake for a final-
ity of four or five persons. Divide
the 'berries when they are hulled and e
reserve a little more than a third of "
the largest and most perfect ones for m
the top. Crust the remainder lightly. m
sprinkle with powdered sugar end set
aide. Make it about twenty minutes
before it is to be served.
Sift together one and a half cupfuls a
of pastry flour. three level teaspoon- e
fats of baking powder and half a tea.- -
c
spoonful of salt. HaVe ready a scant
halfecupful of chilled shertetneg (com-
posed of half 'butter arid half butter •
substitute), rub this quickly but taor-e a
oughly into the flour with the fieger ad
tips and Wet to a soft dough with
cold milk, Pat or roll out liglatly, so
that it will tit an oblong pan that has
bean well greased, brush over the tert
with a little melted butter and bake;
In a very quick oven. Be Very care- rt,
Ad not to handle the dough more than
possible, to work quiekly and to got
it in the oven as, soon as you ean
after the liquid is added,
at
When baked, Split apart and spread th
NRIS
OF THE *AY
The Hoffman Ministry, of
Bavaria;Has B,esigned
•Office.
OREM& BANKS
,Obicago Packers Predid
' Immediate Drop in
Beef' Prices.
Wilulam Wedd, the. last ourearate
the old Upper Canada College, 4104
Toronto in las 950. year.
Hawkeret airplane, which watt sal-
vaged„ is to be Placed On eellibltien
in London.
According to a statement made in
the British /Rause of Conurions there
are under a nedillon Idle la the 'United
Kingdon.
The Canadian Trader," a 251.foor
freighter for the Department of blur -
Me, waa•litunched at the Port Aethur
shipyards.
At Thautesford, fourteen. milea' -east
of Lander', John Fitzgerald, 'aged
twenty-five, whose home Is at Iadian
River, near Havelook, Oat., Wee
drowned.
After serving the city faithfully for
the past 38 years, Chief of Pollee P.
W. Randall is about to ,relinquIelleette
duties as head of the Guelph. Arno
Department.
Ituli tiremen went -on strike': Sat-
urday morning to enforce a demand
two:3r jaaindoatibule-nipodleetoaonad so.ystena the eight
They were granted thbevairlisdtitinTs.
,Sunday.
There was a brilliant scene 'at -the
Guildhall Saturday, when H. R., H.
the Prince of -Wes was admitted- to
the freedom of the city of Loadera
Swalloceriag a small raetal lino in
a package 'at daatlY she was eating led
to the death ot 'slanted Yvette Richard,
two year ojde of Montreal.
Tao Hafieraa Ministry has resigned,
according to a message from Bam-
berg, BEve,arlas It' is expected that
a Ministry on a broader basis well -be
formed, -
A Hungarlan eleteetation, in behalf
of the Goaerament of Herr ItrmeubeY,
Leader a the Independence pert);
and Gabriel Baron, has offerea the
Hungarian throne to the Seabian
Crown Prince, Alexander,
Mellione cif hand grenedes, Manu-
fectured for 'use.against the Gamlen
aemy by „the 0144 fighting units,
will be used dada banks to endoorage
thrift among' the school children of
the United States.
A decrease in the price of beef is
"Immediatelwat'hand," according to a
statementIssued at Chicago byethe
Bureau of Public Relations, American
MeatExilePsateAke.rvs'inA.tsoadtiotc;iawthioon.m et waith• . a
serious accident early last week•evhile
heisting a arate a the Speedwell:Iles-
pital, Gualah, Idoeirtg his balance, and
falling on his heed to the paver:tient
Is dead.
•
The Poles breve occupied Stanislau, -
Macke seventy-fiye miles south--
south-east of Lemberg, accordieg to
an official anneanieement from -War-
saw. The Ukealnlan garrison. of
Stanielau was disarmed by the Polish
forces.
Mr. Mark Sheldon, of the New
South. Wales Chamber of Commerce,
has been appoiuted to succeedelion,
4. Braddon As the Comratinweatles
catrunissioner to the •'United States,
Three nurses, one from -Toronto, , and
two from New York, were killed in
an autoneobile accident near Chateau
Thierry in Fiance at Sunday, aedord-
ing to cable despatches received in
Toronto. Miss Ella Walton, was the
Toronto girl killed.
•
The giant aliship R-34 has been for -
many taken over by the BrItteh Ad-
miralty, and It bee been announced
that an attempt will be made: to flY
across the Atlantic from England
within the next fortnight. •
The Pan -German Union proPeees to
ntroduee in the German National As-
embly a resolution inviting fiat -for-
mer German Daimler to return to
Germany, accordlng to an Exchange
Telegnaph deoatch from Berlins
An emergency meeting of the * Do-
minion Executive of the G.W.V.A. Is
alled for June 5 ao discuss "the pre -
resent ;rational situation. Announce -
eel to •thie effect was.male be. Do -
!Won Secretary C. A. Macneill.
The GoVernment. apparently alai -
fixates trouble in Berlin in the • near
uture, tor the Minister Of Defeeee,
ustav Nceke, liar tightened up the
crews ore martial law under whieli the
ity still Wee.
The 'Union Natural Gas • Co., Struck
nother well in Dover field, Kent
ounty, and it Is believed It will be
s good as thetas, whleh le now pro-
uelng two million cable feet Of gas
very 24 henna
Harley,Sliepard, Agee 20 yeas, son
1 Freak Shepard, Was drowned at
raraford 'Allot,' bathing ttbove the
rand Trunk bridge It is believed
at the young tallow bad a fit to
Inch haaves eubjeet,
The Australlart aeamen's etanpulsorY
&mance has adeouened until June 9,
ter deciding fo saanit to a plablacite
e queetion of Maturing the ship
genercneely with butter, •Pill with a eo
thief layer of the sweetened, mere:red ta
fruit and cover the top with the Lula
Belated berries and sprihkie with in
powdered sugar and serve the remand.- a
or of the fruit and j1110e in n pitcher, ee
so that it may be used with the cream to
as a sauce. Seine housekeepers, In w
the very far South, pour thet. rentainie
er of the emitted' fruit over the cake
before it is eaten, as atherwise It •ea
rendei•s the cake soggy. de
Thick chilled cream is the ilecnue pe
Treatment Dar excellence to serve with ea,
any shortcake, and if you would tot e
thie delicacy at its beat have the take ,na
lukewarm and the ereatit as sold as itit.
1)08040.
rthwitla peneing refertuce to a Mutt
arbitratian of matere dieputte
rt is offleitally anhounced that 0W4
g to the development of the (taus. -
en in Um Baltic States, it has been
ailed to despatch a British, lilisalen
Vetonla, LatVea, and Lithuanla,
ith branehea Revel, labau ant
ovno.
A victim, it Is alleged, of an auto
se between two grocery. trueke, Pre
rick Antm nine-year-old eon of
rey A:Mos, Alma Street, Bee dead At
antford, walla several etrione
Argos hang over the head of a lad
med :Walton, age.' 15, evIto was
ming the tar which struck the bee.
Dr. William Nichol, one of the old.
t and beet known of Brantferd'e
Yeletans,• died after a long illnees.
I2,
U100 down With influent&
t Caolner, Dr, Niehol 'WM out of
o originator e of the Mate-
nt in Canada.
No word hae yet been recanted of
• the fate of Captain MAneell R. James,
Watford, Ontario, formerly of tbo
Yal Air Force, who has been nligi*
g since Wednesday, wbGn he at"
melted a flight from Atitortie rite
'3oston and re urn n ompetition
the Pulitser ea001) AvlatIon Tro-
Y,
SHE LOST IT, Oh
"sedenuret." said 8 -year old Pitizabotht
"dive ine 1iiee6 ut tautly. teepee." ''Itte
"Why." SW mamma. "what did you th
do with the pleee itult gaVe you?"
losed it," replied the little InlAa. "I Me
Jess put It In rny mon: and It failed
right down in My 'tontach."
ea
of
Mr. Styles -You know if women get Ro
1110 vote they will have to serve eel
juries. Mrs. Styles -Well, suppoee we te
er, to whielt is added 2 pounds or It
do, I euppoe fa wouldn't Mite us as t
for
pb
ng to diesgree as mime of the men.-
Onkere Statesman.
mete of lead or 2 ponds or emu- 'X