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The Huron News-Record, 1893-09-13, Page 1t. WIE4 i,.M8-/1.50 per Animals 1.25 la Advance. VOL. XV= +S W Wtiteli•,housean83 Mitchell Out 1 INDFPI:iv-DR! ' IN A4LL TIIINGIS—ivnusat...... _. SuEECOIW A. M. TODD, Millar and Owner CLINTON. HURON COUNTY, ONT., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 13, 1898 OME MEIN get an idea into their head -.and nothing one way or an- iier will entice them to relinquish that idea. EQr years past. scores of men have tenaciously clung to the idea that the common UNDERCL_OTHING with it's shrinking tendencies, it's itching, scratching, knotty and coarse half cotton and Wool texture is one of th • most disagreeable things that a man can be asked= to wear, AND THEY ARE RIGHT. ,W e carry three special lines of UNDERCLOTHING which we can positively say are comfortable. The prices are $1.50, $2.40, and 82.50 A FULL TUIT. JACKSON BROS., MEN'S and BOY'S OUTFITTERS. .s. Town Topics. Mn. W. W. FARRAN was in Gode rich last Thursday. MR. GEORGE BLATCHFORD was in the County town on Thursday. MR. J. P. TISDILL spent ltat Thurs ..day in the circular city—Goderioh. VVIR. JAMES SCOTT, barrister, was in Goderioh the latter part of last week. MR. WM, BROOKS, of Exeter, says tile Advocate, is attending the Clinton Model School. • • - MR. ALBERT MCBRIEN, e0 a message to his mother in town stated on Mon- day, is laid up at the hospital in Chi- . sago with typhoid fever. .MRS. BUGLAS, of Ashfield, is the guest of her sister, Mrs. Win. Cooper, Miss Annie Mckenzie accompanies her. •. MR. ARTHUR Cool: was up to Gode- rieh to see his' father Monday. We regret to hear that the pioneer is very low. MR. JOHN TOOTH, of London, was on a' business visit' to Clinton last week. He -also spent a day. or two in Godo - rich. FROM SCOTLAND.—Rev. Mr* Mc- Fadyen (Baptist) was in Clinton last Monday on his way home from Scot- land to Wingham. Mn. GREECE, of New York a one tir* Jewish rabbi, preached in Perrin's battiest Sunday. He will remain here 'about a month. His wife and family tAct3.o,.mpany him. BUSINESS CHANGE.—Mr. Henry =. ;1lprrish has disposed of hie bakery busi• taws on Albert street north to Mr. Young, an old resident. The flew owner has been fully installed and is rushing business. l• UEY SHOULD BE. SATISFIED.—Tbe 1Viitohell Advocate says,:—Mr. Fred 'd'lrie has got the contract of getting ;i p' the supper for the Laurier banquet, and he is determined that the party 8hqgfeast on Tory grub, which means .:theaihe spread will be a grand one. t✓bvira• will be laid for 300. •"' TEMPI,ARS OPEN MilETINO.—Next friday evening the Good Templars swill bold an open lodge meeting. orf,, Janie', S;jott, barrister will deliver an. address and an interesting -pro• ;gtdmm(i \fill be presented. There will be- a eilr er n0llection for the benefit of tis'e.ir6410Y. WHOLE NO. 771 Town Topics. MRS. JAS. FAIR, jr.,-returned horns from 'Wyoming on Tuesday last. MR. WaI. JACKSON was on a busi• nese visit to Toronto last week. Ma. GEORGE DEWAR, of Uxbridge, is on a visit to his brother in-law, Mr. James Fair, Jr. MR. P. W. HAYWARD, who removed from here to Pontiac, Mich., some time ago, is renewing old acquaintauces in town. THE PARI\FIILL Gazette sera :—Miss Buchanan, of Clinton, has returned to town and:will again have obarge of Mr. Lindsay's millinery department. UP NORTH.—Mr. Arthur Cook spent five days in northern sections looking for the garden of Eden. He reports the apple crop light and inferior in quality. Dn. Homes, formerly of Clinton, has been appointed medical referee for the "Sun" Life Assurance Co. in Eng- land, at a salary of $2,500 per annum. He leaves for London, Eng., in about a month. THE PanisniLL U'u,:ette Review has entered upon its second year and im- proves with age. The paper reflects credit to the town and should continue to receive the united support of the business men and citizens generally. Towns, as a rule, are gauged by the uowspapers they publish. A GooD WoRK.—Attention is called again to the book "The Groat Controversy letweeu Christ and Satau." As a history of the work of reform in the past it is aery instructive, and we can see already the rapid development of many things which, from the word of God, the book shows must certainly come. On such subjects as—the Sab- bath, Temperance, Spiritualism, etc , and also tho dangers which are rising before us, the work gives most needed information. Tho first opportunity to get ono should bo embraced.. THE FRUIT CRoe.—The following is what Bulletin xlvii of crops and live stock in Ontario says of the fruit crop : —The reports regarding this crop indi tate that apples ate a complete failure throughout the Province. Very few schedules give one•thtrd of a crop while iu the majority of instances the answer to the question is either "com- plete failure" or "none." In Lake Erie district., grapes appear to he ex• ceptionally flue, while pears and berg• ies are above the average. In the Lake Huron district berries are good, and cherries and grapes fair. In the Georgian Bay district, cherries are a fine crop in Grey, while in Simco' the berries are excellent and grapes fair. The St. Lawrence and Ottawa, East Midland and Northern districts do not report favorable on anything but berries. Several of the fruits do not appear to be cultivated iu many seotious. SEVERE SMASH.—Mr. Peter Bon• nan, of Hullott, had a severe smash Saturday morning. One of his splen• did and usually quiet farm horses made things very lively for a few minutes. The animal was attached to a buggy and stabled at the Prince of \Vales hotel. In soma way freedom was secured and liberty to the yard obtained. There was no person in the buggy. The front iron axle was snapped off like a pipe stem and a wheel left in the alleyway. One of the hind wheels caught on.a telegraph pole on the opposite side of the street and the smash was as complete as could be. Spokes wore wrenched frotn position, iron cross bars and connecting wood twisted and snapped off as though only matches. The horse was powerful hut the harness, though strong, was lose powerful thvn iron, and succumbed at many points. The buggy was almost a total wreck and ,the loss will be con• siderable. Fortunately no accidents ocoured. IMPORTANT LEGALCASE.--TheCOUr't of Appeal, which was held at the Court House, London, during last week, was engaged in the case of John Dalziel, Sarnia, vs. the township of Stephen, Huron county. The arbitrators were John McKenzie, Sarnia; Judge Toms, Goderich,and Simon McLeod, Parkhill, ex -warden of Middlesex county. The counsellors were R.11. Collins, barris- ter, Exeter, and J. F. Lister, Q C., Sarnia. John Dalziel claims compen- sation for ten acres of land that uow forms the channel of the River Aux Sauble since that stream has been divert- ed from its natural course by means of dredging and turned into Lake Huron at Grand Bend, instead of al Port Frank, the original mouth of the river, twelve miles below. The Sauble used to run parallel with the lake for twelve miles before emptying into it, and by the change 14,000 acres of swamp land in Stephon, McGillivray and Bosangaet townships can be re— claimed. Tho evidence was taken at Grand Bend some time ego, and was submitted to the arbitrators on paper. Both counsels were heard, and the ar• bitrators enlarged the time for making their award for one mot h. i Town Topics, Ex—MAYOR WHITEHEAD errive:1 in Clinton from the Northwest op Mon- day morning. MESSRS. JOHN JOHNSTON and J. S; Spooner took in the rifle matohee at Stratford yesterday. STILL ANOTHER.—A popular young Clinton lady will in a few days caet her future in Mitchell. It will be "for better, for worse," and the young 4entlemau of our neighbuoing town is to be congratulated in securing so estimable a young lady as a life partner. HAPPILY MARRIED.—Mr, T. E. Mc• Donough, a gentleman • well and favorably known in Clinton, was last Tueeday (5th) married in London to Mrs. C. Dickson. They will per- manently reside in Clinton. THE NEWS RECORD congratulates the couple on the happy event. A GREAT CANADIAN WORK. -This week we reproduce from the Canadian Magaz'ne, published at Torouto, a de- scriptiou of the great work nearing completion at the Canadian Sault. All losers of Canada should read it and be posted about our present and future greatness, TENNIS,—The Tennis match last Fri- day evening between Blyth and Clin- ton on the beautiful grounds of Mayor McTaggart resulted in a draw in favor of Clinton. 1'. Tanner and A. Tier nes beat Mayor McTaggart and• Dr. Shaw : 6-1, 5-7, 7-5. A. Hartt ,and 31. D. McTaggart heat C. Tanner and Dr. Milne : 6-3, 4-6, G—L Clinton, 35: Blyth, 28-4 games. MEASURES MUST BE STAMPED.— Grain threshers are now required to provide themselves with legally stamp ed measures. A recent decision of the courts declares that grain threehers are " traders " within the meaning of the Weights and Mea— sures Act, and so like all other "traders" they can only have in their poeseeeion legal measures. RAFFLING 10 ILLEGAL. --The new criminal code makes the following pro vision for reifies : "Every oue is guilty of an offence and liable on sum- mary conviction to a penalty of $20 t6 ho buys, takes or receives any lottery ti:.Aet or other device "for advancing, lending, giving, selling or otherwise disposing of any property by lots, tickets, or any mode of chance what. ever. . A i)EI11I CALLER.—Mr. R. G. Sim- monds, of Saltford, was a ceder at Tun•, Newts hi;coao of Bee Saturday. He was on his way hotuo on a short visit. Mr. Simmonds is a warble or atone cutter by trade and a good.mechanic. Fur several months he has been work- ing for David Wade, of Delhi, and re ` turns to his labor in a few days. Mr. W,ad_e employs'a good number of ex• pert mechanics and does a large trade in headstones find monuments, MUST' PROVIDE FOR YOUR FAMILY .'— Walter htill.>ey, a Woodstock painter, was sent up for trial on Friday' on a charge of neglecting to provide the necessaries of life for his children. This was the first proeecution in Woodstock under the new Dominion Criminal Code and is of interest, as showing the change in the law. Under the new code (section 110) any parent or guardian who fails to provide his wife or children under sixteen years of ago with the necessaries 'of life, is liable to imprisonment for three years in the penitentiary. Under the old act a father was liable to iniprisoumont ehould he fail to provide "food, cloth- ing and lodging," The new act, it will be noted, is much broader in its interpretation, making a father respon- sible not only for food and clothing but for medicine and medical attendance in case of sickness, or any other necessity. BICYCLE RACES —The local bicycle races held on the park on Tuesday evening drew a large crowd of interest- ed spectators. Tho first race was the Boys B class and this broughtout three contestants—Walter Irwin, C. McDon- ough and Wallace Irvin; Walter show- ed a fine burst of speed and won easily. The named race consisted of Spalding, Foster, Gibbings, IIenderson and Moffitt; this was to be a perfectly green race, but Moffatt who was not an ',entry and is an old rider, wart not eligible; Foster seemed an easy winner, but Gibbings put on a lightning spurt and won by an eyelash. The mile, Boys A class, was won by L. Doherty, Road McMurray and Biggart. Open, mile, 13. class, was won by Stickle with Mn Donough second. The mile open was a drawing card, as it was Clinton vs. Seaforth; entries—Livingston,Doherty, Cooper, Emerson; Livingston won after a hard struggle by a nose, with Doherty 2ud;, time 2,51. The last event was the 5 mile club race between Seaforth and Clinton, four Hien aside. Clinton --Emerson,Cooper,Livingston,Doherty; Seaforth—Livingston, Cardno, Coultis, and McLean. Seaforth won by 19 to 17 points, although Cooper, of Clinton, won the prize, a clock, by finishing fired time 15m. 15aec. Town Topics. ANOTHER WEDDING .—Iuvitatioua are out for the marriage of Etiie A., daughter of Mr. and Aire. J. Holland, Maple Grove, Goderioh township, to Mr. W. G. Vance, of Clinton. The interesting event will take place ou the 20th inst. W@ will be pardoned even at this early date in tendering our oon- gratulatious to the estimable young couple. THE GUN CLUB.—The Clinton Gun Club fiave'purchased from W. Bawden several acres of grouud adjoining the G. T, R. It is, we understand, propos- ed to make the legation a permanent sporting ground. ,Creates will be laid for cricket and tennis grounds put iu shape. Other sporting clubs will also fall in line. The gun club will ask for Incorparatiou and are seekirni five hundred Shareholders at $5 each. Already a large number have taken shares. Could a halt' mile taco track uut be built ou the same ground? WHY DEr.AT f—During the past few weeks we have sent out a large number of accounts, amounting to tunny hun- dreds of dollars. Those accounts have boon sent out because they are over due and the money is required. We have in several cases been compelled to place accounts in court and judgment has been secured. It goes against the grain to resort to harsh measures, but why will some delay 1 We trust to have an early response from every ac- count sent, Why delay longer 1 CLINTON GROWING.—On Monday the last 24 lots in the Bswden survey in, side the corporation were sold. Yester- day all the land outside tFie corporation was disposed of. Mr. Bawden is a hustler and no mistake,. He dons not want all the profit, because several purchasers have already been offered handsome increases un their bargains. Messrs.'John Peckitt, G. Cochrane and Jacob and James Sloman aro among the recedt purchasers. The new •owners are already beginning their intended improvements preparatory to building. Mr. Smith has hie lots partly ploughed and fenced, and Mr. Steep hos his all fenced and a Large number of handsotne overgreene plaute ed. TR" DEVIL . 'PRAYED.—The good mat v; , ie Berlin 1Vewx says:—"Abot.t 8 o'clock this (Thursday) morning while the storm was going it pretty lively the lightning did a rather queer act. Tho compositors of this -office were all industriously engaged in dis- tributing their cases, wholly untniud• ful of the storm which raged outside and totally uncons.io s of impending danger, when suddenly a heavy clap of thunder was heard, followed by a tre mendous flash of lightning, The glar- ing lightning caused the gas in every jet in thecomposing room to extinguish from the rush of air it caused and the printers were momentarily blinded by the bright blaze of light. It is need- less to say the printers were scared, which fact can easily be surmised, but it turned their thoughts on things high- er and the devil was found a few min- utes afterwards in an attitude of pray- er behind the big power press. Later events go to show that the latter gentle- man has since entirely recovered." JOINED IN WEDLOCK.—One of those events that interests young people, and old people as well, took place at High - view, the residence of Mr. Thos. ,T,u k. son; sr., last Wednesday. The cone tracting parties were Miss Aggie, his daughter, and Dr. Cr. F. Belden, a popular and successu professional gentleman of Seaforth. The bride is known as a life-long resident of Clin- ton'and an accomplished young lady. The ceremony was. performed by Rev. A. Stewart, Clinton, nssisted by Rural Dean Hodgins, Sersforth, and Rev. 0. Fletcher, Thames Inad. The pride was attired very becomingly in cream silk and carried it handsome boquet of ,natural roses. Shy was supported by Miss M. Jackson in pink silk and Miss Hedley of Toronto in cream crepon. The groom was well supported by Mr. James Belden and Mr. J. C. Greig. The presents were nurerous,costly and handsome. The happy couple left on the afternoon train for the east to spend the honeymoon. A great many of our citizens were at the' depot and wished Dr. and Mrs. Beldon long life and pros,. perity. THE NEws RECORD joins with the throng and would highly recommend the bride to the citizens of our neigh, boring town. Dr. And Mrs. Beldon will return to Seafartb chis week and take up their residence in the hands some brick dwelling on John Street recently vacated by Mr. W. F. Wilson. Among those present were :—J. Greig, Seaforth; Dr. Shaw, Mr. and Mrs. Belden, Mr. Belden, Misses Rance ,t Mr. T. Jackson, Jr.Mrs. W. Laing, Chicago; Mr. and lairs. W. Jackson, Miss McIntyre, Torottto, Mies Hedley, Toronto, Miss Acheson, Godericb, Rev. and Mrs. Stewart, RYv. and Mrs. Flet. cher,Exeter, Rnral Dean Hodgins, Sea- forth, Mr. N. Fair, 2iss N. Fair, Mr. and Mrs. T. Fair, MiSs Fair, Mr. 1. and Miss Mckinnon, Blyth; Mrs. Lawson, Detroit. 'town Topics. Miss COATS ret• tied trom Chicago last Wednesday. ROBERT STEWART, who was in busi• nese here a short time ago, died sud- denly north of Wingham. We have not learned definite particulars at time of writing. PHONOGRAPH CONCERT.—The concert by Laing Bros, iu the Rattoubury street church last Friday evening was a success. No rubber tubes were used, a large funnel throwing the sound over the whole audience. The affair was of au excellent character and highly ent er- tainiug. MR. J. P. DOHERTY lent the Toronto Exhibition and will spend a week at the Western at Loudon. He is look- ing after a eupberb exhibit of Doherty organe. On Tuesday of last week J. P. was present at the marriage of Mr. G. A. Depew, of Detroit, to Mies E. Elliott of the Queen City. BAPTISM. — Rev. Mr. McKinnon preached a special sermon in the Baptist church last Sunday evening ou "Wherein we differ from other de- nominations on the subject of Bap- tism and our reason for it." There was a large attendance and the preach- er's words were full of timely argument and conviucing. AN HONEST AMERICAN.—We tvould like to have the name of the honest American who said to the New Era tho other day:—"You've got as fine a min try as the Lord ever made. I never thought it was so good nor so much of it till I travelled through it. Your people don't want annexation, that's sure!" This from an American to our totem. must be startling news. We have long been trying to convince Americans that annexation would never come to pass. ABOUT SIN.—Rev. Mr. Dewdney, preaching iu his own pulpit in Mitch ell the other Sunday, said ;"Some good church going people raised their hands in holy terror against boat rowing on the Lord's day, yet they seem to see no harm in entering a carriage or buggy and driving around the country visit- ing 'reiends. For his part he would rather .1 one of the throe to enter a field anar.play a game of ball or take a row boat than to be ono of the three to ride behind a jaded horse and drive abouton.the Lord's day. A DISTINCTION W 'T'IIOUT A DIFFER- ENCE.—Councillor Searle sends THE News RECORD the following:—"In your last issue in the report of the Council meeting you have done me an injustice and I would' he misunderstood by your readers. You say that the Reeve made some good 'suggestions about planting shade trees and grading new streets. You say that Mr. Searle was the only councillor dissenting. That is not a correct report. (Our report was cot rect —=Ed) I did not disagree in the mak— ing of the centre of .the streets narrow er and the boulevards wider. I said that the trees have now only nine feet from the fence and that was too close to the gardens, as the roots run into the gardens and the trees give too much shade. To put the trees nearer the fence and the sidewalks outside the trees, as the Reeve suggests, would never do—Yours, W. C. SE'ARLE." JOHN CALBICa DEAD.—Another pioneer has passed to his reward. John Calbick died at Goderich on Monday, erred 86 years and 6 months. Probably half a century ago the de- ceas ,d emigrated from Ireland and finally, settled in Goderioh township. Ile was twice married, his second wife being deceased a voar or so. The deceased resided in Clinton for some years, but latterly with his son D: B. at Goderich,- The late John Calbick was as honest and conscien• tious a man, we believe, as ever lived, In religion he was a staunch Metho- dist and sotno years agoa local preacher. In politics he was Conservative. The grown up family will have the sym• patby of the entire community. The funeral will take place froni Godorich 'to Clinton cemetery at 1 o'clock p. m, to -day. —The new English church in Wing - ham will be opened on the first day of October next. — Farmers are busty now sowing or preparing to sow their fall wheat. Most of them will be through by the end of the week. The recent rain have put the soil in excellent shape for seeding. — Mr. Thomas Bell, of Wingham, has purchased the skating rink pro- perty adjoining his furniture factory, from Mr. Alex. Orr. He 'will dispose of the rink building, if an opportunity offers, and have it removed. —The Brockville Recorder is publish- ing the life of Margaret L. Shepherd, with many incriminating letters inter spersed, aa a sort of continued story. The Recorder is the paper against which Margaret issued a libel edit, but failed to go �n with it. CONSERVATIVE MEETING, THE PREMIER COLLEAGUES COMING TO CLINTON. There was a numerously attendee, meeting of the Clinton Liberal-Conser• native Association in the council chamber last Friday evening. The matter of the coming visit to Clinton of Sir John Thompson and colleagues was laid before the meeting. The distinguished visitors will arrive from Stratford at 10 a, in. on the 20th. Speaking will continence on the market square at 1 o'clock. In the event of unfavorable weather, the town hall will be available. A. stand will be erected on the tn>u•ket square, and if possible seats provided for ladies. An address will he read filen West, South and Last Huron and the Town Association. The baud, it is eepected, will meet the train. Single return rnilway fares halve been secured from Kincardine, London, Stratford, (xoderich and intermediate stations. Tickets will be issued on the evening of (.1u• 25th and morning of the 23tlt, good to return on tire 27th. Posters are out. -wrong those who will speak are; Slit JOHN '1'Ho\It'HGN, }Ion. Geo. E. Fo5Tt;it, Icon, J. C. PA'r- TteRSoN, Hun. John lE. GGAR'r, Icon. N. (: at•ke WALLACE. The ilrp•on Central will take place on the 2tith and 27th. The railway urrangetua•tits are such that people can take Bart in the demonstration and attend tli. Moron Central at the sauce Bute, N> doubt there will be a very large turnout on the 2tith. Our business Yuen. we hop, will assist by decorating their stores and rlisl,lay their splendid stocks of goods to die hest possible ad The Demonstration will lie a Blain, every day affair. There will not be any frills or feathers about it. The Conservative Party is for and by Tiri3• PEOPLE. The good of our cratn try and the welfare of the masses is the policy of the Government. The people of Uoderich and adjoining country will au rive by special train on the morning of the 2(ith. They Will like- ly hring at haunt curing. A special fore- noon train has been asked for- from ‘Vingham. Full particulars will l e given next week. idin'„ilant. Tho Rev. L. G. R-uods was called to Toronto lust 1Venuesday to attend the. funeral of hie brother-in-law. A couple of our bicycle riders intend tak- ing in the races in Clinton on Wednesday, Mr. J, Irwiu, of Orangeville spent Sun- day in town. He was staying with his friend, Mr. 1?rieudman. Miss Susie Card, of Uxbridge, has re- turned to Wingham, and her many friends are glad to see her hack again. Mr. Alex 0,r ha'p;iiovei to Gorrie and taken -possession of urs hotel there. Alex will be much missed here as he has become very popular during his residence in Wingham. The ‘Vingham fort ball team defeated the Howie Rangers at the Uorrie Tournament on Friday hast. It was a tins game and the beet of feeling prevailed. The teams played nue hour and at the cL,so the score etbod one to nothing in favor of Wingham. The Ltston•cl base hall team was hided to play Wrnghain iu Gurrio on Friday list but failed to put in an uppeuranee., The Wing• harp tears played the Wroxeter and Gorrie unions and were defeated by a score of eleven to twenty. Toe faot that Wiugham was to receive the money prize whether they were defeated or not may have had some- thing to do with the result, The Maple Lauf lacrosse club of Wingham went to Gorrie to tug conclueio:,a with the Harriston team on Friday last, the arranre menta that wt r t made with the Gorrie com- mittee of management were that both teams were to play home men. Our bays wens to Gorrie without a player but what was a member of the Jlaplu Leafs and worked in town. \Vhen the teams lined up to play Harriston had on the two Henry boys and the two Irwin boys the stars of the Orange- ville tea:n and Wingham rafueed to play unless Harriston would. remove Inc of the Henrys. Our boys were willing to let them play the other three Orangeville men but the Harriston boys would not play unless they played them all and the result was there wasn't any lacrosse match, The cont- mittee refused to give either side the money although the Wiaghaon team was entitled to a share of it as they complied strictly with thu rules. The Maple Leafs are anxious to meet ;Harriston on a neutral ground to decide which has the better team, Mr, \V;uvi, who recently suffered from a severely cut. finger, is improv- ing. Newton Campbell, of Westfield, was in town most of last Wreak, assisting Mr. Hiles to move his stock. Miss Sarah Harris has gone on a visit to friends in the vicinity of Hamilton, one of whom is to be matrried this week. Thos Dtirnin, who is on 0 tour in Manitoba, has not ye!: returned, Mrs. D. Sproul Inas been indisposed for a few days, but, we are pleased to notice she is improving. John Curran of Crewe, Inc!. -with stn accident which resulted in a had break of the right arm: Dr. Case has the shattered limb in hand. Some two or three of "the boys" have been involved in difficulties which cost several dollars to adjust. You mast be good boys in the future. The expectations are that the Dun- gannon Fair this year will surpass any previous ones. No pains will be spared to make it a great success. Mrs. Sanders, who has been absent for some months for medical treatment in Woodstock, returned past, Sattu•nay somewhat itnproved. —J, E. Swartz, of Wingham, had a collie dog poisoned last week, which he prized very highly. . al