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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Huron News-Record, 1888-01-18, Page 4J • ,. .4 r a m q a, • "r ..; ' . ' � -. -,Jl7-Rh.:..7'iy�'daTT•R#fb^:-ri.:+7..�w.��#Gi.Y1:M•�IR"JI�'„i,n Y ......._. \ Th I. n Netus Word powers. --.the nrietacrrtts sand the of atimet'. Respectable teen who laruitl', Ito 011'6.1100 .sit•, -but iu'ut y.0r' cltprgy m nod the itatolorauc0 of the .hair Nvusted the c•arninga of #► lite alaolliu' Just n little queer.' T would ' OPUl� T: oijio a Xi1p $l.°6 In 40v#inco, �t }len these e �^T pig lo, olashod--and shun lu b.uild�itig hutuius of iwogm. spall it 'site out goict#, not suuin w . * • t lt3 lisle eatremos snot, by the eternal, laws. modation, i•mpovetished. Unto- euicluo, but. .I Suppose der big '0 • 1Ve111 S.%`e).v a# t`4 y $ of cotnpeilsatl04 iho people eanle strain c.l sale 'of intoxicants Ili sohoul.s add colleges •do have the iimpu TANT- j�ES'f'IiAINP=INTOLE1lANQG. out the victors. ohao b'•ns and by -ways; youths with properest way.?' Ho -gut his money •R' ,., These obseryationg have a betir bot.tiva,uf it in t}litir Rockets or the in clue course, and the old lawyer's TO 'CIiI ---- ° be - Restraint is the preset #tbrido- i�ng—may be fay-fetcltedr•.-o-n the contents in their stomachs going lips funny ;1 tiwe in -"ter years be- w S.i Wend of nsttatral individual liberty existing state of things in this home reeking to their" Shocked 'par- carne moistened in a manner pecu= 1 + r for tha benefit of all. Intolerance Ontario of our own. Aye, even at, eats. 0,00f), or $6,000 expondi lifuly his own its ho humorously to. is the improper abridgment of 1 our own, doors. A lniv known as. tire by' the county to produce this luted the lesson he got Froin lila 1rublik0A Gonerally the Scott Act was imposed,u un delightful state of intolorauce. Colborne nlr,n iu c'a rc ilia'' A 0� _, 4 k, natural individual liberty to gratifyp g t : : = another iudividual. Restraint is dill people by the unrestrained. and What would we proposal A re'- Early in the fifties the writer at - the basis of lawandorder. Intolor-unchristian ecclesiastical despotism turn to the lioensed system pending .tended whit was allied the Hurou I q - nurtured and fosto;od in this nine - prohibition anceisthebasisofdisordor.Restraint; prohibition of the unruulftotrlre of 'District Grnnnuor School, Head w, : `' - : is for the public good—for silo beao- teeuth century in Protest•rut, Ciiris- spirits. . It wore ursoless, nay fraud- Master, Mr. John Haldan. He was ` '' tian Ontario. Why, it is- record fit of the mefitest number. lntoler- )', 'lent, to license the manufacture of thoroughly practical, What he 19 1, Cr J ante is to gratify the aseetlsln or that a PrutC'3iant clergyman in the (11J1'1•its knowiog,they. are to be Used taught be wanted to be understood. pride of t{1e few. Restraint is iuvoly- city of Toronto during the eeut as a bovera e, and th`)it endeavor to I remember one clay after the Eng__io s on - ed in the primeval order from the -Mayoralty contest threatened indi- stop the sale of that lvhicl.l. the„tish residing lesson, ill which oe- . Almighty to our first parents. With date Clnrko's adherents with silo style has primarily legilizud. 'The carred the word commentator,. he it is coupled reward or punishment. vengeance of his Church, backed by Crooke Act or a more stringent ouer puzzled oven youths of very mature , , two millions of Methodists through OF THE GREAT CASH STORE, STARTS A ►jilt of the actions of the incdi- ° High foes. Thorough enforcement. growth by asking them to define vidual impliesrthat.he may do some• out the Dominion I Could feudal No, saloons in towns, villages or the wort, commentator. Several nt- thiugwhich had better be loft undone 01' Papal tyranny further goo We country. Official inspection of tempts wore matle and the mnstor. "And the' Lord conllinindHd 'the opine not. It matters not that the liquors. CAncollnug of t11(i licenses had not got its equivalent in a nina- lnan, saying,' of OV -01-Y h'ea of the exclamation Was only the impotent of those violating their provisions. net, that satisfied him that the pupil , gatduu thou utayest troely eGH"EAn' HE'fl"'UCTIHN SALE ft ; but throat of nn i8tolernnt fanatic. It This system would have the approv undorstood the sword. George r of the hroe of knowledge of good shows that pampered clorieism .is al of predominant pulilicseutinulnt• Motitgoulery, who ivith town clet•k and evil; then shalt not eat of it; far the same in all ages. Would. make honest nit -ii of hypo- W. Campbell, D. C. McKay find in the d•ly that .thon eat08t of it thou All impartial historian has remark- critos. Force to honest •Inbur an George Parsons all of Godurich Saturday; Js�� ���. h ++ ed about elericism its it est period Arm of laz ter urine bloodsucl(ors tvoco members of the riilf►ss esarl'od' / 9 shalt surely die." Herein is re- c P 1 )' Y+} J ° straint: But there was no intolor. we have referred to: "Whatever atV that infest the Z"ouutry. Pave tile. to give 411:0 inncli desired'definitiou. ance'iti imposing it.. For though vac�u'c•eil Clio. Papal !lower wits, on the way fur tho grnco of Ood•to +•!l'o'ut Nr. Moutgoiery had a slight iul-"-'When every article in the store will be.••io'nuked fu RED figures at the Lord said of evory arae but one wtio o, rutfavonkblt+ to the interests the moral r8"en01-36011 of inauy pediuu,ut' in his spouch. Fie had G1r1�.AT.LY REDUCED PRICES in order to got'our Stork down to the ho flight freelly eat, cveu that for- of inaukind." We have arrived At whose natures note rubel At the 7N not' "c(ulght on" to the word as lo'vrest possible minimum previous to our annual Stock -laking on Febru- bi+l(lan one he ryas at liberty to eat a porloc ill t ton airs o Canada tolerant tyranny of force where one soon became evident: IIe scratin_ `axy last pel-ie'nge-has-tau;lit us. that- it -da hetter-,to•" � when a slulilar endilieut would be would uX lest acIll.lu pr l,io'u bas- ized the sorious visogo of the ntasto.r • but advised not to do so. _.... - .._ 1 ° l i+r', s ' It wore well that humans o'onlrl in ordor. A large areuloaii til- su'- ed.lipon the sweet'words of love as though h(, expected to fiu(1 Ajol(e �(1}� �••��jj(1 QQ j•���} cRI1w1 Protestant clerioistn is to -day one another. unexpectedly lurking in those kjac 11J c Winter Goods at even Less than. Coit At lunst endeavor to formulate civil ! Y ° more iuimieal to the iutero.ts And **:F clnssicall features and religlaus bows oil the linos laid ycut • i , and broke • m welfare of Mankind than •tbo-wost The Scott Act must be an iutoler- ground b Saying "Wil ' Mr. .dews by the All -wise. '� ° Y 1'• ° )', - iutgltlt,nut 1'+111;.%1 clericism has over ant oltn when crillliuAls havo to be 11aldan a co-co-commou 't•t-to•ter 'Ratber than carry over a large stock to. another season. Every sharp and the majority of law -makers b Th' 1 l' b ' •• business mail in Canada knows well that moue ' makes move those gulf' ti �C� t• I L t y Y' *4 \Yhoge (1ffU1t8 have TenClle(1 the pl'6- Cull. 1s U 01110111, out-. LO1UQS tau° l tom to ,l 1 •la 118011 o is a - Cit-co-Collll.ilon" .t -t -tato l'; 'you , ._.- 4 Ptonle in its pulpit• and platform entrap liquor sellers aur !Ay infou:nl know." "Yes es George I know fact,ii;srneve who carry largo stocks from'seasou. to season, it is a well, known +eat geuoration; fram the limo of + yes, ° r fuel, never uirll:e money; our objuc6is to place ourselves in a position to iho ituposition of elle first rostrait,t, anathemas and ex -communications atious. This has boon-douu. Then that," was the roply,"but I want you ' purchase a nice fresh stock for the spring trade. LADIIIS, take advent - the those who for conseinnee we have it case ,it Napanoo where Lo give mo its equivalent ill other ago of this. Sale and supply yourselves with a good stock --orf WINTER have to a great extent acted in ac- 0 1 ° sake dare .dispute their unscriptural a hotel luau and itnothor %vete ar- GOODS. You all know the place to find � 'cord with their divine prototype. words, in your own way, I do not n dogutns. v rested and tried for burnin , life care how'honiel ' a way so lural you And the more human laws hay, - 3 Y • resistance Against this clerical in- store of it Scott Act Inspector. 'file undel•stand what is meant b the if MAN'S 9s been i nnbnrcl tvith,tho soler+wt first Y �� �'^� tolerance \t'Rl made at the recent mull were honorably discharged fuel word colum(utatoit." Uoorge bright-, principle -ilio nearer lrnvo they'sory ° o municipal elections in. the..throe .the Inspector hi t.nsolf . arrested ' for ed tbtlhg purpose and the general ened up as lie rupliod, Well, sir, �ourl. leading cities of the,province. ' The 'b uruing his own building in order a co•co conunou t•t-tater is is tom- O --O clerical candidates in - Toronto, to got Life insurance. And th0 case mon potntor, yon know."'. bile ' The nature of man' is the game to- 1 , ,au and Loudon were beaten looks veru black Against hila. A 'lay as itwas 6,000 yoar-j 'Ago, It ° class and even 'tile master, smiled actor a face and given to undorstdnd nice stripe of affairs when couvietud r0sists farce as. naturally as water ° �t audibly and it tuns some 'ntirltlte ON-"S that Church and State combination e-imivals fund house' burners are 610 the room subsided fuse its erout Mon-• from the, wountaius to the \vets it thing of -tile past so far at about the only clklractora that ciiu - H -U plains. It lens , been left for the ', ed propriety. least AS municipal affairs were con- bo obtained to Hnfofoo the law: It a jrresont etifl-necke(I aanoration to ccruecT• And the Ro al. cit folia+v is .bite evid�lntthat the ]ntv is do'ng• - uudeavur to the greatest extent ' to ) Y q g t ° �.DI7'012IAL NU7'!%,5.r� `CL`�,5� , Clinton. ° jesuitical Clerics. We C1Wce H tolrlwine eof more hArtn than good. 1'hopresont 0 ]tlltity ivli,lt crimes have boon. Store, iulprov0 neon the ori;inal pin' of ad ° Y sLate of things is intolerable, ; the Almighty. Not but what past Y who -- covuiitted ill til uauie ! ''1110 hi - n --- i ono ill the cit of London y hold that this rai11i'u dawn of the corrupt'practices�of the Cousei- ' history is rep'leto with errors in the RE'MINISCI:NOI,S. - - ° - --._ 491110 di'rect•ioll. But especially in from the platform drselnlntod any lost exomplieiitiou of trill gni}ty nroncjc ou Grit pushers during 0160- vatives; he would say.they'exoeed Interference with thracoliscionce or wits brought otat in the Glengarry lion cruupaings was A .4pocial inter- ed the 'Couservatives ton -fold., in All countries wTlere n I:nowledge of X fety reminiscences of it ntoro or the 1'evealell God h#lA bean possessed .franchise of the 'ratell4yers, wind- election when lir. Puroull ryas uu' position of Providence oil Behalf of that direction. And then lie *olild 1 less local flattiro inay he in order. by shit ,)eoplea has free will been ing ill) his remarks with : "'I 'ask sontrod. l;vidence wr►s f6rthoorni.ng niotolity at�d .purity, as personified bo iunnensoly within tile, shark, the peoples Many in, Clinton, Got.lurich and � you not to vote for any parlieniAr testifylllg to the feet that Ill'. Pur by thyso parties. But the courts election courts being the witness. - conceded. Restraint., however, has vicinity havo known o• heard of candidate, but. thoso who are • toll had stated the olcctiou � had have invariably unveiled•the,Il lo --- been put upon that free will, and '#Four E)cs" Stewart, front away t Y 1 'T'ho Pope got 60 000 bottles of -. s oheyorl with the en- Y ,hack.itl_t}io fu1'Oe:i, - Ile . rosi.dwl in U. C. C,imnruu all ballon. 1'e' ono er.itical contention And shown that in -o its r_lasrkian—of_ . ' Christians those who have In re- cost trim ., 3G 0)) , l Iris bt>at. , I1 • I ° ; i latus had to bo' g;ltvl for thE� teaclunga of silo 1300 , w -: tail of uuielpuiout following die- k the fuud8 e'en an load rt' P ° of Lpooks those who. want to escape the Conn Y. town and acqulrcd hpa 01111 hereafter taint to the latter presents. .Now if that fine old nhedi0nce. p 1 vett' unclean hands. satchr,'rl#iet. front lila fact of his al „ __.. __— gentlom tn, who cannot possibly Me tortures of hell fire. Rwaiting goutlemnn as the bas,' briber. ° .. , —rumviR _&V 30 t...-, .� .. i' • 'lllr a.)ne aC C9 Il' t nearlytoactlin•�'TSi5'inIZ—'6�'t•6 morn o• less been the hand -maid of ° ' so common n custom as now -a' -days. The Rov. A McNab wrote from the onl present sit `ono•ton6h of tlnom must cast their ballots fol•— county citizen has been thus ruth- Y:l Yr. , _ tostraint. It wig '96 fri;htful source . Four -Eyes was an eccentric char• Rootorys,Bowmauville, congratulat- to Messrs Mowat and Pardee the or be eternally damned. Is -ft lessly deprived of ognivocnl honor. Y of discord among even God's chosen aster, not so aggrussively so,, lloty + -• tug Sir John A 'bInerlonnld on his any' tvouder tlint people are asking Better is it in tits eyes, of 'Grits to s could have 'A grand symposivan At peot)Ia. 'Their taakmasters-inEgypt Quer, Rs his brother Dr. Stewart, : of 74th birth day, last Wednesday.' As the next timber sato limits without do \vs -live under Papal rule, or have brtTioci euormously than to al;ci were larged'} possessed of it. I{iugstou; wife has a perpetual pro- . was to be expected Sir John replied I s ending tl H people's mono in a are we living in the lierlit of cival havo bribed oil such a contemptibly I;. o .p 1 Y Intolerance was the canker-wol-ni test against Sir John A. Macdonald right hearth Tito Rev* gentle - and religious liberty, an open small scala as the ex-nlonibor ifor ° Y ° champagne guzzle. No. doubt, if , which attacked iho'vitals of the Crro replesoutin9 Kingston. Four Eye's r urian is a native Canadian, 76 years I t}iese gentlemen would only give Bible and an untLammelled con- 1t est- Huron did. ° _ Y ° elan and Ilonlau Republics and' o lived in Goderich for 'manly years, ____M _ _ ______ _ r of age, and has enjoyed the friend= .the ie' for intimation to his Lord. scionce I" p 1 disrupted the finest civilizations the >k on the separation of Perth removing If our go called moralists would ship of the for 50 oars * p Y ship Archbishop Lynch the wine. world had hitherto"known. to 5tratf6rd. IIe was a lawyer and had ' ' will be forthcoming We am gravely told that-. the in- brut -be trio to the Christian religion The C�lobg of'Saturday delivers - °' Ill the Middle Ages thn feudal been tntorof the late Jud'goJ. Wil- Y _ terforouco of the clergy in political ° the musses could be led with A --- ---- --- system and the Papal •power were son with whom he nftertvitrd studied itself of the opinion ithafiho hid- r'TRUE TE'1n2PERANCE." nlattere has clone good, that it has Silken thread. But they aro false the intolerant eleinonts of the If nes. }'nw. He was in excellent classical . eons Grit Corruption -in Glongarry, rvsullod in oto• having.tho Scott and uncharitable, picturing miseries , Rev, Hartley Carmichael llislory fails to enter into the rtr- scholar, and when lie' first hung out when Purity Purcell was 'unseated Defines Its Meaning. Act in so'lnany counties. Well, if and sins that do not exist ; exag• ceeses of privatA life, but no reader his professional sign i❑ iho "aofnty and disqualified; last week, was the state of society produced by the gelating foll'ie's ..that are venial ,r „ lib rtoorgo's Church 1'arochint Magazine, of history cite fail to picture to his town ho had painted on it r5aam foolish As well as wicked. It tuns Scatt Act is the monsure of success They have endeavored to chain 'the The Rev. Hartley Carmichael, 1.1, 'rind's a .o • tho da.il wal hourlyCruic ue. Which being translated $36,000 foolish. The Globe does A. rector .of Asce-nwion Church;" that can he att#tin(1 by tie -re -intro- 1 ° people down by God -abominated J r#fli'i:rin!s of the inhabitants of both ' is supposed to moitu•" To every one , not say how wicked it was. One Hamilton, one of thx) ablest and most I dict}on of the Papal style of clericisin laws.. by laws based upon the conseieutioua divines to the Christ- toivn lord country when the legiti- his. own." When the natives became tun arm and might of luau with- inust presume it was only as wicked tan Church, lately gave an eloquent . And iutolnrance, it is a very' small ' puny >; ;state llo\vurs of rovtrrrint furm43•;y thoroughly Acquainted with him a*t was foolish. The (Rohn, takes Address on true tomperrt,nce in th6 inoroy to be th utkful for. Ver- out regard to the will or ways of the cAr'o t filet sit it was foolish. 'That's school,honse tit Dundas. '1'ho follow l+osaessed by Life foudal lord, ilegen- they appreciated the humor of re' y m ily flie last state is worse Omnipotent. Cho divine and ing is an epitouro of it : erated•into-nnrestraitied and -uncivil- I+our Eye's adopting such a motto, moral lnty is ver plain : "Do ;to what bothers the Globe. It could I. The Lorin temperance as appli- than the first. Taut such teas to Y 1 p • 11 ;curl user ration• of- All that wit's bocauso neithoi• he nor any other have found -wiro pullers wise ad to'total abstin6nce alone is illogi' i ' have been oxpe(tod. AIAny pee- others as you would they should do r, .iufl'ered b thus^ who had incnt•c(d lawyer of those days for that part, „ onough to place q.36)000 where it cal and unscriptural. 7.'he Church Y ple wore urged to vote Against their to you. The thesis of the Scott of England Society is founded on ho consume of fin intolerant church was u. t•t latiti l persistent to 1v would have done meso good, ' One �^ uuu�tcYi(fees, vi their convict- ° Y P g Act harmonises with this. It Rime ° _tl uly_t a wllilies becausH-- �- _� (.tJto _c#x11.isvhul)ui11;;-�suLr-ul. ea at file 1pettcrtn6nt of the ivatorial , r,. ors or iii + P and moral well being of the poeple. ° one society.derate users, within the icrtw •toll slid an evil thiu'r that -food m" �o Sty-4.me•444-own once -tr g 1'lc 1 °o , utE tyle a ossa in to iucluciell whethc r total abstain• 41 aunnunicnt,iuu. fund's got into thole possession. But Grit estutiation, is •tiniahed accoid- (rlh'urles 1. lost his h6Ad by his ln'r_rhr ensno. Tlin end dons -not !1113 sign had not lour been in los ill- to the foolishness And useless +TBrrit�t' (h(', t17CanR. irnt �t}�1 111[111 rr , ° 1 veil -born ' nuns ! , Practically it ° , 2, The Greok word "otaos," whiv, 11ttUlad'anCO Anil Jan1eH - TI. ]lis •} itiuil +t'he11 h0 flag i'nturvio%voil by A of tlie • trarlgaction. The Grit press is applied in scripture to ail iiltoxi- itAg rusultc(,in robFierv, litloation, e, hingdoin, Bing George arid' Lund 'aro 'intolerably rostraincd ill turn oli0ut front ColhurnA whose 'have never,ceasedCrying out "moral eating 1#ev0rage. The scriptures r violent Assaults, arson, murder I „ must be dishonestly 4lealt with to f `worth lost h'llf the oontinont of }lope. of benofitting on+. There stilt patinuco \vas oxltaustull waiting for _ victory when they have boon sac- procure from theruany ether tu<'an l " lnlorica by t1wir r.vrow in'oler- has town that hypocrisy, perjury, the payuient of it Small dobt• owing Grit bribery repeats itself. Even cossful in using bribe moony, int; of the word. ufce, til•: t•tnl�+tia� by pir,)ping villains hint, The client sc:tntied tho .tile "rardou of Glengarry whips this Now that Purcell is exposed he has B. Holy Scrirture gives no con- Ilnt' Ilse evil And the, rontedp, r+Q of nUnl to viffhtA 1,1114 I;tty with Judas sign on au old w dun build ' devil nrouncd the the stile) in refer- boon "foolish as well as wicked," tenanco to silo opinion that . wine in 1 itself is it outgo, neither does it con very ofV11 the cagtr, grow 11p tut ni(rivo., in viow, anrl rill manner of ing not far front where the onto to money which he evidently ,It is welt that n 9enso of the wicked. tonaucetho placing of a niotapborical �I the sante lima, ATodern hi,,tury of troitohury and violence is sproad llitnk of Montroal now is, Wost received for bribery purposes Dogs has forced itself upon oven the blun(lerbuss-Lit the hoad of a tamper. atoerat- •drill Show- how t.o111 poral and g piritu-- over dormer honest And peaceful St., Gorlorioh, and ontorod- into the in the, Glengarry election. Ile 13•orall oblique vision of the larti- ionI i who uses wine in mo(l3'iDg 1 I 1 ,, 6 Y 3' q 1 lou, with the intention of bullying �1 tyranny brought from the d tri( Con11111t1lItJQs, And thou is not Iesa august presoucu of roar hyos, lIo. though it not strango.to receive sew San (frit press. But the Globe, ad- biro into tl reunnciation of its use ; 4110114sr10114s of intolelien one of fi lic ilitontporaco,certaillly,hut fully more stated- his caso and thon gave the oral packages of $100 each ,from ducos a peculiar palliative in oxten • or to the denunciation of every man as au outea,t and sinner who cannot most horribly grantl outbursts which than under a licensed system. inan of late to unclorstand that lie "unknown" persons during the tenuntion of the wickedness of its be forced to See things in the same r;ulnlinatea in the fearful t4Agedies of Wli:it then is tho'net grain 4 In- liked Itis motto. Gla(l to hear 1t campaign; nor did he ]snow what friends. "Nobody ' in his gauges light with every intolerant fanatic I,he memorable French Revolution tolnrinco rampart. Law treated roplied the nrtn of law, "Yos," it was for. Thin, very thin state- would say that even when matters who choses to rleclailu against the 1 use of wine.. when the people became intolerant with contempt. Religion brought continued the client, "when a poor ment. The Santo unaccountable were carried furthest, tho opponents 4, This much being true the C. rind would not be satisfied into disrepute because it is boldly Inas has boon waiting over a profusion of money appeared, like of Sir John ever carried out a tithe E. T. S. teaches that excessive use tl and were not satisfied with claimed as the superinducing cause year fdr his money lie almost feels, manna from heavbn, or corrupt of the unlawful practices at eloc- of wine togotlier with every other Iola than the ]lends of 300 000 of this horrible • almost anarebical it in iiia ekat when lie finds a leaven from the other lace durin tions whi h were carried out b "ort of intemperance is acnrse. That ,, , , ple p , g o y no drunkard`, shall entor into the ar'istocrats...,.941wy-the evil nil the atato of Affairs. Ministers of the lawyer who adepts. as his motto A•Ir. Al. C, Cameron's election earn- himself and his lieutenants." Truly Kiugdolm ef. (pod, and that whilst we relkiedy grow Fitch by side.. The blessed gospel of ,peace and good slue 'ent• Thick, - But, askin' your paign when he was elected but said. No sand man would say that must not ding flan hack into the old .+ legal tyrduuy by hanging a cllaiu of intolerance of the forme' ruling I will to man looked upon as enemies pardon, sir, havin' never had much afterwards unseated. It has been the Grits oarriod out only a tithe of "thou shalt nots'' abort his noel(, we ;. - ;'••Lr • ' s • • A R 114., , '� t. u".ern.tai..,w.....:.u.....L...-.-«._..•..... ,Y :............. ....... w. .. ,... .r ..Err s... i.m -_:!t .v........�.v..,. u- .».'w...».......a..,•..-.�z.� Yea. -':u._. x:,. .r.. v�N_..._. ek.rr•�•.nu .u.. ,. •... i.. .. .e,.. ... .....rr .. .. ..:Y•.. .l A+ -, ..ia. e. ...... r. ..,... Lx,. ♦.n:i.,..- • ,.w.. ... ..m •M u�.•...uCu.w•.•wr,�'J✓1m.Vvu�a�.�.r,16i✓,4Qx... r.1'r.r.rv....i.trA..Y 1 t } ..