HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance, 1918-01-31, Page 7j
HOMY CONCEDES ONE
POINT TO THE GERMANS
Will 'Continue NegOtiations at Brest -Litovsk Answers
Quibbles of Enemy Representatives.
iLtusterdam Cable. -Lon Trot•sky, the Bolahevild Foreign
Minister, at the conferonee at BrestZitovsk yesterday, said that in
order not to leave any possibility in the fight for peace unutilized,
the Russian delegation accepted the demand that the negotiations
be continued at Brest -Litovsk.
The chairman of the Russian delegation said that, in full accord
with their former resolution, the Russians desired to continue the
peace negotiations, quite apart from the fact whether or not the En -
tent° Powers participated.
Trotsky said he had noted the statement of the Centraa.Powers
that the basis of a general peace as formulated in their declaration
of Deo, 25 was null and void and added:
"We adhere to the principles of democratic peace proclaimed
by us."
Referring to the abjection raised by the Central Powers that the
transferring of the negotiations to Stockholm or some other neutral
point, as request by Russia, raiglxt enable the Entente nations to in-
terfere, 111. Trotsky said the Bolsheviki Government had been con-
sistent and independent in its peace policy, and that there was no
reason to assume Entente diplomacy would be able to oppose the
conclusion of peace more successfully on neutral soil than in Petro-
VW -
As for the fear Of the Central Pow -
Ors that the Entente nations might
endeavor behind the scenes to hinder
the conclusion of peace, M. Trotzky
(teetered the Bolsheyiki policy was
conducted without the secret methods
of the old diplomacy, which, like
many ether things, had been abol-
ished by the Russians in their %notor-
ious revolution of October. It was the
opinion of the Russettn delegates, he
said that neither political nor techni-
cal circumstances rendered it neces-
sary to aontinue to hold the sessions
at Brest -Litovsk.
Moreover, M. Trotzky continues, the
Russian delegation could not nese over
another point, which had been men -
timed 'by the -German Chancellor,
Count von Healing.
"I refer," he said, "to the portion
of Ceuut von Ifeetling's statement
(before the Reichistag math commit-
tee), in which he referred, in addition
to Germany's just intentions, to Ger-
many's powerful position (elachtstel-
lung) The Russian delegation cannot
deny, and does not intend to deny,
that its country, owing to the policy
of the classes until recently in power,
has bend weakened. But the world
position of a country is not determin-
ed by its technical apparatus alone, but
also by its inherent impossibilities—as,
Indeed, Germany's eccnomic strength
should be judged by her present con-
ditions and means of supply."
M. Trotsky consiaered that the great
forces of the Russian people had
been awakened and developed by the
revolution, just as the reformation of
the sixtecuth century and the revolu-
tion of the eighteenth century had
vitalized the creative foeces of the
German and French peoples. He
added;
wile Russian Government, however,
wrote the word peace at the head of
its programme. The great syMpathies
of the Russian people fcr the peoples
of the Allies strengthen the desire to
attath the speediest peace based on an
Understanding among the peoples.
"To remove from the Quadruple Al-
liance a pretext for breaking off the
. peace negotiations on technical
grounds, the Russian delegation ac-
cepts the demand to remein in Brest -
Litovsk, in order not to leave unutil-
ized any possibility in the fight for
Peace. In renouncing its proposal re-
garding the transfer of negotiations to
neutral soil, the Russiaa delegation
Proposes continuation of the negotia-
tions."
M. Trotsky said he coneidered it ne-
cessary to remove e misunderstaeding
which had arisen. He referred to the
statement made at tile previous sitting
by Dr. von Kuehirnahn, the Crean=
Foreign Minister, that the semi-often-
ial Russian news agency had dissem-
inated a fictitious account of the mei
made at the sitting of Dec. 28th by M.
Joffe, of the Russian delegation, at,
Trotsky said the official account tf
the sitting, as published in the Ger-
man newspapers, reproduced accnrate-
ly the speech of M. Joffe ,and that the
Russian delegation was entirely ignor-
ant or any real or fictitious telegrams
on the subject such as those to which
Dr. von Xuehlmann referred. The
speaker said the matter would be in-
vestigated, and in the meantime be
expressed regret for a misunderstand-
ing which was in no way connected
with the work of the delegation.
As for the protest made by General
Hoffmann, in the name of the Ger-
man. chief command, against Russian
wireless messages containing appeals
of a revolutionary character to the
German troops, M. Trotsky stated that
neither the conditions of the armistice
nor the character of the peace negotia-
tions limited freedom of press or
speech.
Dealing with the declarations at the
PreViotts Session by Dr. von Kuehl
-
mann and by Count Cumin, Austro-
Inttngarian Foreign Minister. respect.
lug the failure of Russia's allies to
participate in the negotiations, which
vitiated the peace offer of the
Central Powers .and resolved the dis-
cussions to a question of a separate
peace with Russia, en. Trotzky said:
"We are in full accord with our for.
mer resolution. We desire to cone
tinue the peace negotiatious quite
apart front the question whether or
not the Entente Powers take part,
"We note the statement of the
Quadruple Alliance that basis for a
general peace formulated in their de-
claration of Dee, 25th is null and
void, as the Entente coatitrios in the
period, Of tete days allowed them did
not jobs the peace negotiations. We,
On Our side, adhere to tbe nrinciples
of a democratic peace proclaimed by
The desire of the Russians to true -
for the negotiations to neutral mit,
M. Trotsky explained, arose from
their Wish for equally favorable et:M-
(1MM% on both sides,
Re continued:
Voile opinion in Russia, moreover,
takes umbrage at the feet that the
Russian delegation Is conducting the
negotiations in a fortress occupied by
German troops, especially as they in-
volve the fate of peoplee. The Inas-
elan delegation does not believe the
technical difficulties entailed by the
transference of tbe negotiatione to
neutral Oil constitute a valid 0,4ei t-
ion, any more than it resegnizea as
valid the fear of Entente intriguee,
against which Russia knows how to
protect herself."
Dr. von Kuehlmanu, with the assent
of the meeting, declared that tne
question of separate representation for
Ukraine would first be diecussed
among the delegations of the Quad-
ruple Alliance, and that further con-
sideration would be reserved for a
plenary sitting.
On the proposal of the president it
was decided to hold private delibera-
tions between the delegations of Aus-
tro-Hungary and Germany on the one
hand And of Russia on the other.
The delegates of Russia, Germany
aint Austria-Hungary agreed to form a
committee to discuss political and ter-
ritorial questions, and a second com-
mittee of exports for a preliminary
discussion of economic and legal ques-
tions. The former committee had a
meeting. M. Bolubowysch, Ukrainian
delegate in elaborating the Ukrainian
peace policy, said that any annexa-
tions or the surrender of territory
without the consent of the peoples in-
volved was inadmissahle, as likewise
were war indemnities. Material as-
sistance should be extended to small
states which had suffered from the de-
vastating effects of war.
Inasmuch as the Russian council
et peoples' commissioners did not re-
peeeent Ukraine, he said, any peace
which might be negotiated would be
eluding for Ukraine only if accepted
by it. The same principle, he added,
epplied to the other Russian repub-
lics..
KRYLENKO'S CALL TO ARMS.
London cable: The call of Ensign
Kryienko, the Boisheviki commander -
In -chief, for volunteers for tt Russian
army, according to the Bolsheviki
Telegraph Agency at Petrograd, was
iFstted in the form of an appeal to the
soieders an -i workmen, and as a reply
to the German peace proposals. The
appeal .refers to Germany's rejection
ef the proposensaframed previously,
end their open talk of annexations. In
the et cat of a separate peace, the call
declares that the Russian republic and
its ceenells will be surrounded on all
sides by (mimics.
lerelenito explains that the old army
ie exhausted and that a new one must
he created with the Red Guard as a
romieus, and it must be subject to
rigorous revolutionary discipline.
Tae supeal concludes by declaring
that there w' 1 he no cumpulsion in
recruiting. end appealing to the com-
radee in the Illtrains to respond to the
call in order to defend liberty.
VICTORIA CROSS
TO 1 CANADIANS
For Heroism in Recent
Western Front Battles.
Eighteen All Told Won the
Highest Honor,
A, London cable: The heroic deeds
of Canadians in the recent fighting on
the western front, was described dur-
ing the King's award of Victoria
Crosses to seven Canadians, out of 18,
decorated to -day.
How Capt. J. O'Kelly advanced his
Command at 1,000 yards after the orig-
inal attack failed, took two enemy
positions on the crest of the hill un-
der heavy fire, and then personaly or:
ganized and led attacks against "pill
boxes," capturing six with 100 prison-
ers and ten machine gun, was graphi-
cally gazetted.
Another hero was Corp. Colin Bar-
ron, who, single-handed, rushed ene-
my guns, killed four of the creWs, and
then turned the captured guns on the
retiring enemy, causing severe casual-
ties.
-Sergi George H. Mullin captured a
"pill -box" single-handed, rushed a
snipers' hest in. front of him, destroy-
ed the garrison with bombs, and.
crawling on a "pill -box," shot two
gunners with his revolver. Mullin's
clothes were riddled with bullets
front the rapid-fire guns directed
against him, but 'ho did not falter,
Other heroes, equally daring,
charged "pill -boxes," killed, captured
or silenced the enemy, and cleared the
way for the advance of troops and
saved the lives of many of their coin -
resift They are Captain George n.
Pearkes, and Ptes. Thos. W. Holmes,
Cecil J. Kinross and James P. Robert-
son.
The accounts of the deeds for
which the Victoria Cross was award-
ed embrace events which must have
been as thrilling 448 any during the
war. Capt, Robert Gee, of the Royal
rusilieret, When the enemy pierced the
Dritalt lints, and captured brigade
headquarters and an ammunition
dump, finding himself a prisoner, kill-
ed One of the entity with a tinned
stick and sucteeded niescaping.
Ito then organized a party of the
brigade staff, With which he attacked
the enemy, clearing the locality.
After estAbilshing a defensive flank,
Gee, with a revolver in each hand,
rushed and Captured an enemy ma.
chino gun, killIng eight members of
Its crew.
Sergeant C. E. S. Neiman, of the
Border Regiment, and Corporal It
Menleath, of the Seefortli Highland.
ers, also were awarded the Victoria
Cross for capturing enemy machine
guns, together with their crews,
singlehanaed. an:Beath put five ma-
chine guns out of action, capturing an
officer and thirt ymen Who had taken
refuge in a dugout.
ROBBER KILLS FOUR
In Looting Array Bank in
Texas.
Camp Funston, Kelvins, report says:
Four men were killed and one serious-
ly injured last night when the army
bank here wan robbed by a men dress-
ed lu the uniform of a captain of the
United States army. The bodies of
the dead men are said to have been lit-
erally hacked to Pieces.
The dead are: C. Futter Winters,
Vice.President of the National Reserve
Bank of Kansas City, Mo ; John W.
Jewell, of Springfield, Mo., editor of
the Camp Funston Trench and Camp,
and associate owner, with his father,
IL 5, Jewell, of the Springfield Leader;
Cail Ohieson, 19, Kansas City, Mo.,
and --. Hill, clerk in the bank -
Kearney Woman, cashier of the
Army Bauk, was seriously wounded.
When the murders and robbers' were
discovered he was the only one of the
five victims conscious, but he has not
yet beeu able to give a lucid story of
the occurrence.
Williant efuttig, President of the Na-
tional Reserve Bank, of Kansas City,
said he could not give the exact
amount of money on hand in the rob-
bed bank, but said that generally it
was eI0,000 to $11,000.
HOW THE FLIER
READS THE MAP
Training at Toronto 'Var-
sity is Very Practical.
Finest Map of Its Kind in
the World.
Perhaps not the most romantic and
fascinating, yet still the most import-
ant part of the flying man's duties
at the front is the control of gunfire
from above the lines of the enemy.
Anyone visitine the School of Military
Aeronautics at the Toronto University
can measure the importance attaching
to thie branch of the Flying Corps'
work by the elaborate and interesting
course laid out for training cadets in
aerial observation. Since it is impos-
sible to take a whole class of cadets
four or more thousand feet into the
air, the instruction has to be given
in Specially arranged class rooms- In
one of these class rooms a ground
map covers the floor—the most re-
markable map of its kind in the world.
It is made of sand colored to cor-
respond with the actual colors of the
ground .and dotted with miniature
buildings, trees, rivers, roads—all
accurately located and representative
of the actual appearance of the
ground from an altitude of 4,000 feet.
The aviators -in -training look down
on this map from a gallery. The in-
structor flashes tiny electric lights
which are embedded in the sand to
indicate bursting shells. Cadets,
watching these bursts and the small
maps with which they are supplied,
send down to the instructor wireless
codes advising him how to correct his
fire. It can be seen. that this neces-
sarily calls for a quick and alert brain,
an eagle eye and a thorough grounding
In wireless telegraphy. Yet this splen-
did training is butone of the many
phases of the aviator's preparation.
Apart from actual flying he must also
learn something of fighting tactics,
bombing, engine and aeroplane con-
struction, machine guns, aerial phe•
tography, map -reading, ma,teorology.
It can be safely said that the courses
followed by cadets at the School of
Military Aeronautics ensure that no
aviator is given his wings at the front
without having as his best equipment
a thorough practical training in all
these branches of the flying man's
Graft.
ene*
WINNIPEG HAS A-
$1,000,000 FIRE
Enderton Block, Portage
Avenue, Destroyed
In the Heart of the Shipping
District,
•••....• roma* Me -
Winnipeg Report.—A disastrous fire
destroyed the lendertoa block On
Portage avenue in the heart of the
shopping district, causing financial
loss estimated at more than a million
dollars. Three firemen austathed
minor injurice. The elarm was turn-
ed in about 4.30 a.m. At 1d30 aan.
the fire was still burning fiercely.
The building is occupied on the
greund floor by big stores and on the
upper floors by physiciane, architecte,
etc. The fire has gained a firm kohl
crt the building by the time it wit.; dis-
covered and with the temperature
twenty below zero the work on the
firemen was seriously hamperel.
1 he bailding is valued at $80'J,000.
the Hamm(' Shoe Company esti-
mat's its loss at $100,000; the Liggett
((lordon Mitchell) Drug Company at
$150,000; Parker nt Son, men's 'cloth.
lug, at 30,000, A conservative esti-
mate of the Value of stoke and furni-
ture of the other occupants of the
building is placed at $000,000.
PLANTS tONP1SOATED.
London, Cables -A Petregiad des
patch to Iteuteen United, here, eaten
tithe the Italettevikt nevernment has m-
aned a.Weer PO of conftetemthen againet the
great Puttlaft Steel ac Gun Works iii
Petregred, "mein to the indebteeinees
of the cenlrieny."
The ?teeter ear evelkshope of the rho
ternational Sleeping Oar Cerapenv Mee
have boon eenfiactted "traina, to the re -
Neal of the rnanagrinent la continuo
work,"
CREAMERY MEN
TO PASTEURIZE,
THE i'JARtillifiG
In Order to Secure Continu-
ation of the Govern-
ment Grant.
THE BAIRYMIN
Eastern 'Convention Hears
1VIcre Experts On Their
Business.
A Perth report: The Morning ses-
sion of the Eastern Ontario Dairy-
men's Aesociation convention to -day
was devoted to the hearing of reports
of the past year's work of cheese and
cutter factories and addresses by ex-
ports in the worn et butter gracing
anti work connected with
and distribution of dairy pr!)oldi)uucutse,ciAont
least 00 per cent, of time total make of
cheese this year, has graded first-
class, a matter for congratulation, ac-
cording to the report of la G, Publow,
chief dairy inspector for Eastern On-
tario. A thorough grading of system
has been forced on the cheese industry
owing to the sale of cheese this year
at a, set price, according to grade, This
result of war conditions will worn a
lasting benefit to the industry as man-
ufacturers are making stronger do -
mend for a high-quality raw meter_
thl.
The inenortance of high quality in
the raw cream was emphasized by the
speaker, who urged a serious consider -
titian of some modified form of grad-
ing suitable to Eastern Ontario condi-
tions, Pasteurization, he said , will
do much toward increasing the keep-
ing qualities of butter. but it will not
overcome the defects which are actu-
ally present in the cream.
Joint H. Scott, official butter -
grader for the Provincial Government,
who carried on his work in Toronto
this year, said that 50 creameries
other than those in the regular grad-
ing service had sent in samples of
butter for grading at intervals, the
number of samples amounting to 259.
By the regular patrons of the service
3.299 samples were sent in for grad-
ing; of these 82 per cent. were placed
in the first grade, securing over 92
points.
A score of 94 poiuts or over was
made by 28 per cent. In all only
17.83 per cent. of the samples re-
ceived score less than 92 points of
a possible 100. Mr. Scott said that
the results of the season's work in
buttei grading have shown most dis-
tinctly the weakness in the Ontario
butter trade, namely the existence or
a large number of creameries in cer-
tain sections that are making no
effort to improve the quality of their
product, their mistake being in ac-
cepting all the cream they can get
and paying the same price for all re-
,gardiess of quality.
MUST PASTEURIZE. •
Mr. G. A. Putman. airector of the
dairying, speaking with regard to
Mr. Scott's findings, and remarks by
Mr, Geo. H. Barr, who Pointed out
that pasteurization was necessary to
ensure the keeping of good butter in
storage, said that it was up to the
creamery men of Ontario to Lima°
to pasteurize their cream if they are
to expect a: continuance of the Gov-
ernment grant, which provides the
butter grading service.
The need of exactness in reeking
butter was the important point of an
address delivered by L. A. Zufelt,
superintendent of the Kingeton
Dairy. School, who gave reasons for
following such practice as he rem:a-
mended with regard to temperature
ofDearierally i'Commissioner J. A, Rud -
duck. before proceeding to deal with
the work of the Cheese Commission,
referred to the conditions which
made the appointment Of a commis-
sion necessary, because, he said,
some of the dairymen have looked
upon the appointment of the com-
mission as en act which had the ef-
fect of preventing the price of
cheese going as high as it would
otherwise have done. This view, he
said, was erroneous. That instead of
being the means of preventing high-
er prices, the appointment of the
commission and the handling of
cheese through that channel had
placed many millions of dollars in
the hands of the Canadian dairy-
men. Everything was done that was
Possible under the circumstances to
protect the interests of the :Canadian
cheese producers. Proof of this was
found in the fact that the Ministry of
Food has jut concluded a further
bargain with the New Zealand cheese
factories to take their surplus output
for the current season of 1917-18, at a,
price which will net them only be-
tween 19 and legi cents par pound.
Mr. Ruddick pointed out that there
hag been no fixed price for ch eese in
Canada. The British food authorities
fixed e maximum price for the retail
sale of cheese in the United Kingdom,
hut there has not been .nor Is there
at this moment, any regulation or
other legal obstacle to prevent a Can-
adian cheese exporter or producer
from selling his Cheese at a higher'
Price than the commission to paying if
he Can get it. The ceminission re-
cognized three grades of cheese, and
a definite spread in value was fixed
between No. 1 and the lower grades,
therefore' 21 3-4 cents was paid only
fel. No. I grade, the prices for No.
caeriiditaN, ores3peebetigle2`.14 1and 20 1 -it
The number of cheese handled by
the commission from June I. to Dec.
31, 1917, by provinces was: Ontario,
1,027,359; Quebec, 775,390; P. E. I.,
17,488, a total for the Dominion of
1,1161,237. In handling this immense
quantity the CoMiniesion was strongly
impressed With the advisability of
standardizing the size of cheese made
of diameter. Mr. Itudaick favors
legislation prohibiting the use of ane
hoops except those of a standard size,
giving, the users of odd sizes a reason-
able time to get new ones. lithe cheese
front each factory bore a disiine-
lave number and complete lists of the
registration were publiehed, It would
greatly facilitate the tracing of parti-
cular lets of cheese to their proper
origin. Tho dairy indillitiat in Caneda
is not declining and has shown no
aigna of doing se for yeara past.
Wean: CF CIllettnal tlenetilleentleiN
air. Jewett Algearitler, of MontreaL
the chairman of the Cheese Comninn
sin, folloa ed Mr. Thnlrlirk, furter.
explaining the work of the commis.
Won end the litieessitY of appointing
the came. To the British navy no
gave credit for making it possible fOr
the work to go on.
Mr. Ruddick explained that there
was a wrong understanding of the
situation of the cheese industry in
connectioum with the condensed milk
and milk powder factories, Were the
price of cheese advanced to any height
the condensoriea wonid still outbid
the cheesemalter for the raw product,
as the 'median of the cendensel ilk
manufacturers le guaranteed lit any
event and time cheese price, lie said,
N not fixed
Mr. A. A. Ayer, a produce Merchant
Of Montreal, was the next epeaker.
Hie address took the form of an
appeal for greater proauetiou, He said
that he is in favor of the (Worn:Met
Peet:eating thinexport of milk and milk
preaucts except to Great Britain,
OPPOSED TO OLEOMARGARINE.
Asked by Mr. Gleudenniug, of 'Man-
illa, to express his opinion regarding
oleomargarine, Mr. Ayer said hewas
abeointely opposed to its introduction,
because it interfered with the dairy
industry, He also claimed that it was
not to be compared with butter as a
health food.
Restate of experiments in dairying
at the 0. A. College relating tit farm
work, creamery butter making anti
the making of cheese were brought
before the meeting by Prof. IL IL
Dean, who said that the conclusion
reached front testing various coagu-
lants of milk for cheese making was
that a good brand of commercial ren-
net :should be used hi cheese fee
tories, but if this hi not possible pepsin
or preferably a mixture of pepsin and
rennet may be need, care being taken
to see that the Pepsin sotution has not
lost its strength, Which it has a tend-
ency • to do after being held for over
three months. He advised the coating
of cheese with paraffin when they are
to be held in storage for any length of
time, as the canting of shrinkage that
results will offset the cost of the work
and the cost of paraffin, which has
doubled in price since a few years ago.
The Deputy Minister of Agriculture
nave figures showing the increased
crap production that has taken place
'In Ontario since three years ago, algal
in face of the very serious labor
shortage. He made mention of the
ealuable service on farms rendered by
High School boys and eome city peo-
ple last year ann.. expressed the hope
that more of such help will be forth-
coming next seasoa. Confirming on
this line of providing farm help be
suggested a job on a farm for every --
body except the Chinamen. With re-
ference to the hog production cam-
paign Me. Bailey said the country
must be willing to put up with such
small inconveniences as °Mattel ley
the keeping of bogs in small towns
and villages.
MILK THE ONE ESSENTIAL.
A strong plea for increased con-
sumption of milk was made by Prof.
H. II. Dean, who called milk the one
essential food and a good buy at re
to 16, cents a quart in these times of
high cost of production. The idea
that disease germs are carried very
widely by milk, he said, had been over-
emphasized of late, yet he insisted on
the use or clean milk, and admitted
that to be absolutely safe the product
should be pasteurized. The women
who buys oleomargarine and teeds it
to her children is doing them an in-
jury that cannot he offset by the Bar-
ing of 7 or 8 cents per pound, he said.
He deplored the introduction of the
article as detrimental to the creamery
iritereets. A benefit from its introduc-
tion might result, however, he admit-
ted, by the reducing of the bad butter
supply, thus adding to the value of the
better quality article. The professor
had a good word to say for the toed
value of cheese.
The directors of the assoelation who
officiated in 1917 'were re-elected un-
animously,
CLASS 1 MEN TO
THE FLYING CORPS
Men Called Under M. S. A.
May Apply,
Brain, Not Brawn, the Great
Need.
Men called up in Class 1 under the
M.S.A. win be allowed to apply for
enlistment in the Royal Flying Corps.
The usual exacting standards of this
branch of the service will be main-
tained. It has been found that only
men of certain qualifications can wise-
ly be accepted in the flying service.
Chief among these is youth. The avi-
ettor meet have the gift of acting in-
stantaneousIy—there is no time for
second thought in air fighting. Ex-
perience shows that it is clearly in
'young Men that this quality is obtain-
ed. It has been found that as a rule a
.ntan of twenty makes a better aviat-
or than the man of 22, and he again
better titan the man of 25.
Physique is not a prime coneidera-
tion—lithe, wiry frames are More inn
portant than stocky build, Nerve ra-
nter than strength is required in
carrying oat an aviator's duties. In
addition he must have the aviator's
sixth sense --a perception of "ban
ance." In the early stages men were
accepted by the Royal Flying Corps
without any tests as to a nuta's sense
of balance, with the consequence that
some hives were lost. But to -day
orate tests have been devised to es'
tablish a man's fitness for flying ser-
vice. Every applicant tinder the M.S.
A. must submit to these tests. Of
course, it is assumed that an aviator
has plenty of courage, is animated
with a keen spirit to do geed work
and make progress. Ordinary intelln
gence and education is demanded,
much depending, of Course, On a Man%
aptitude.
Thad° Men who ttt's fortunate en-
ough to be able to mitaeure up to 10',
C. etendarde Wilt find they will isiS
entering a period of training packed
with incident, full of fascination, Pro.
motion is in many cases startlingly
rapid—depending entirely on his anti -
tulle end diligence. While training for
commiseion as Flight Lieutenente,
eadette will reteive the usual rate of
pae-----e1.10 a day.
.---e• 40
JAP-hl XI OAN N 540TI AT I ON S,
Plicitte Wert, (eatik—A. Japanese
rhim,tarryine a nettelett neat by Pres!.
mew warranza, of aTexico to Japan foe
tee :dinged puretee of negotiating a
t mall/ 1-,5tn r•ors Ircottattlen, Ind torangitirl
Or the rurebeee by Minden ham Japan
or arms and antraltralen far time, aNteltlean
army. has strived in pert here, atcord.
ion to 0. local ti.lt,(S'.
HUNS MUST AP 13 FOR PEACE
DIRECT 10 FRENCH NATiOlki
France Will Have No Deal-
ings With Them On Any
Other Terms.
A Paris cable: That Prance does
not 'moose liave anything to do
with the peace negotiations at Brest -
'Litovsk between the Boleheylki and
the Teutonie allies, anti that she will
nano no peace dealings with the ene-
my until they shall make them direct,
was stated In the Chamber of Dope: -
Hee last night by Stephen Pichon,
.Minister of Foreign Affairs. The
statement of M. Mellon Was Made g -
tor Marcel Cachin and Albert Thomas,
Socialists, had demanded that the
Government issue passports to Social-
ists desiring -to proceed to Petrograd,
and that the Entente Powers make a
joint declaration of their war aims.
"We refuse to participate in the ne-
getiatione engaged by the usurping
government at Petrograd, or be in-
volved with them in any manner
whatsoever," said M. Pidgin. "It
would be playing into the hands of
the Germans, We repeatwhatMr.
Bailout' finia some time ago, 'the day
when We shall be offered peace pro -
Positions direct by our enemies, we
will examine tbem in concert with our
allies."
The chamber, by a Vote of 397 to
145, gave precedence to a motion pre-
sented by Victor Attgagneur anti ac-
cepted by the Government, expressing
conflaelice in time Goverweient over a
motion presented by M. Thomas, M.
Renaudel and other Socialists, Pro-
claiming the adhesion of the Chamber
to the words of David Lloyd George,
the British Premier, and President
Wilson, and inviting the Government
to insist on the meeting of an inter-
national diplomatic conference to el-
aborate conditions for a tanking organ-
ized peace, such as set forth in Presi-
dent Wilson's address to Congress.
OalginaraVOMPA‘""4.0106=,6211.5t2"21"1,0
SEVERE FIGHTING BETWEEN
MAXIMUM' An iiiiRAINIAN
4' Don Cossacks Are Reported
No hiAsTE NOW I Divided as to Their
Future Policy,
AT THE MON
Fine Example is No. 1 Can-
adian General Hospital,
While the Iden Are Splen-
didly Cared For.
(Written for the Canadian Press, Lim
London, Dee. 20.—(By man)—The-
Wed, by Walter Curran.)
amount of material whieh was wasted
and is now being saved by the army is
almost beyond belief.
lit 1014, good manufactured meter
this were thrown away with abandou;
In 1017, they are saving the grease off
the army dirty water.
This saving spirit is not localized
to any particular unit, but is general,
and one unit would serve as well as
another to illustrate it.
On a recent visit to No. 1 Canadian
General Hospital, France, commanded
by Colonel R. M, Simpson, of Winne -
peg, the writer saw a very good ex-
ample of the system,
The patients in the hospital are ex-
ceedingly well fed, at a cost of one
shilling and two pence per day.- The
dinner diet consists of soup, fish,
chicken, hot meat and dessert. It was
the sort of meal that a man would re-
quite after a strenuous day's work.
All the hones, gristle and other un-
usable portions of the Meat were put
into pots and the grease boiled out.
All used water is vut through a ser-
ies of seepage tanks and the grease
secured. Used cotton batten, bandages,
etc., are sent to be sterilized, and then
go on to be used in making gun -cotton.
Old tins are collected, all refuse is in-
cinerated, and all the metallic slag lett
in the incinerator ens sant back
for munitions. In this way mit-
tens of dollars worth of materials are
salvaged for further use in the war,
When men come into hospital front
the front, all their clothing is sent
straight to a sorting room. There, such
things as leather buttons or anything
else that will be destroyed iw heat is
removed. The clothes ere then put
through a sterilizer. The good clothes
reissuedare el)rs. and the rest sent to Paris
br i
Incidentally the men themselves are
sterilized. Their arewashed with a
solution of acetic amid which kills the
Uitts, with coal oil which exterminates
the lice, and if anything still lives a
special report Is submitted. When all
signs of life are gone, the men are
given a bath, One hundred and forty
men have been put through this pro-
cess in an hour.
With reference to the commissariat
of all hospitals in France, it would be
unfair if one failed to mention the
splendid contribution which the Na -
penal Egg Gift Collection Society,
154 Fleet street, give. This society
sends fourteen hundred eggs a ween
as a gift to patients in this hospial.
Major Orr, by the discovery of the
germ which causes army jaundice, or
Wile's disease, has brought distinction
to the hospital. One of the most
noticeable and important characteris-
tics of this hospital is the splendid
spirit of the staff. Neither Colonel
Simpson nor any of his staff have
over put in a request for comforts for
the officers, But they have put up
some hard fights for improvea coudi-
times for the patients. Colonel Simp-
son's stand is that the doctors are in
good health and have an equal chalice,
while the patients are in a weakened
condition, as a result of fighting for
their King and country. And oven
on this ground he does not always get
what he deems necessary. And pati-
ents have been compelled to live in
Cold tents (In spite of all he could do) I
long aftet rho time when able-bodied
men were ordered into billetIn Eng-
laiTite Canadian Red Cross is doing
excellent work at Number One, as
elsewhere. The Recreation Hut, un-
der two oharming girls, Amerte
Thomas, of Montreal. anti Miss Alice
13e11, of Victoria, is a very attractive
spot for the convalescing lads.
DEIBRUECK SAYS
HONESTY PAYS
41.000..=
Amsterdam, Jen. in, Addreseing
the Polleb St.tt2ty, of 11( Ili% Professor
Hans Delbrueek, of the teniveleity of
Berlin, who has on (imolai occasions
made importaut statements regarding
. future peace, said that Germany might
completely renounce territorial aequi-
.sitions both In the east and west.
Ioneety, ha added, Was -deatrable, not
pacific, grounds, but on thoeeof
higher wallies:I engaelty. The wadi -
eat proof of the -earreetteee of Ma
eetiteption,liecontemieel, n -es t.m ho
found in the ettreese ef t be Britieh
Inlicy with reepeet to notilh Aileen
Petrograd cable: Fighting lasting
seven hours has taken place between
afaximallat and Ukrainian troops near
nachmatch, in the -Government of
itchernigov, according to advices re-
ceived here. The fighting is said to
ea:ye resulted in severe casualties .
COSSACKS DIVIDED.
London cable says: Reports from
southern Russia received in Petrograd,
acconding to a Reuter despatch from
the Russian capital, say there are
two opposing policies among the lead-
ers of the -Don Cossacks, General
Kaledines, the military leader of the
Don Cossacks, who is supported by a
majority of the troops and the educat-
ed classes, is described as being averse
to intervening in Russian internal af-
fairs, while determined to oppose to
the utmost any Alaximalist aggression
against the Don territory.
On the other nand. Generals Alexi-
elf, Korniloff, Denikine and Erdelli
favor making the Don the centre of a
campaign against Boisbevilti gener-
ally.
Generals Alex:loft and Kernileff ore
former commanders -in -eater of the
Russian army. General Denikthe is a
former chief of staff of the Russian
army, while General eerdelli was mili-
tary governor of Petrograd until be
was arrestel by the Kerensky govern-
ment early last September
*I*
FATAL STACK FALL.
••••••••••
Several Believed Killed in
Lynn, Mass., Mishap.
A Lynn, Mass., report Sever:al vete
sons are believed to have been killed
and others injured when a chimney
extending thirty feet above the
Sprague box factory on Bond street
was blown over in a gale to -day. The
falling bricks crashed through the
rear of the three-storey building, In
which many men and women were at
work,
Six persons had been taken to lo-
cal hospitals within a short time after
the accident, and the police were dig-
ging in the ruins to release others,
whose cries for help could be plainly
neard, At least 200 persons were at
work In the building, and police nil
reports indicated that probably a
store had been killed.
Three bodies had been recoverel
from the ruins at 9.30 o'clock. Two
of these were women, mangled beyond
recognition. The police were still
searehing for ether bodice.
REBUILDINP
,01 I N crik
Wonders (7;17 -War Stir -
TE
gory of To -day.
Fingers Are Replaced, and ;
Muscles Also,
TERROR RUES
OVER RUSSIAN 1
INTERIOR NOW
Battles, Riots and Killings
of Upper Classes Are
Common,
OUT OF THE WAR
British Ambassador Says as
an Ally Force, She
is Done.
London, Jan. 14.—Thi lateen news
received in Petrograd, according to a
Reuter -despatch from that city. null-
cates further lighting in the interior
of Russia. A newspaper despaten front
Kharkov reports that efter the Mena.
realists opened fire- with machine
guns, the second Ukrainian regiment
surrendered, with 7,000 rifles end 1,3
machine guns, The commander of the
regiment was arrested.
Twelve capitalists,resident of Khar-
kov, were ordered tie donate 1,000,000
roublee for the unemployed. The awn
was dispersed by the -municipality.
A despatch from Rostov says that
Dabalzdovo•station, on the Kkat:)rinos.
lay line, changed hands three times in
the fighting between the Cossacks and
the Bolsneviki, The struggie was re-
newed on Friday, after both Blau had
been reinforced considerably. -
It is reported than General Kale -
dines, the Cossack leader, is proceeding
toward the north. The city of Ufa. in
Eastern Russia, is said no be in the
hands of the Bolshevik!, who seized
the banks and Government buildings.
They are sending forces, including ar
-
tillery to Tchelyabinak, on the trans
Siiberilsatexpected. where 15erious
fight -
big
Hunger riots have occurred at Kel-
owna, in the Government of athecow,
resulting in the killing of twelve per-
sons and wounding of. 120. The Bol-
shevik' have occupied the Moscow
shtevadosCl.ilarterS of the Union of Zorn.
Idle soldiers in Petrograd are jour-
neying to the Provinces and bringing
back to the capital publications which,
they are selling to the inhabitant sat
exorbitant prime.
A despatch to the Times front Odes-
sa describes time disorders of Sebasto-
pol, in which 62 naval officers were
killed as a result of two days' butch-
enroisntof
g,in leach the 'horrors of Knott
stadt were me -enacted. It is said that
m
those killed were membi
of the committee which in 1912, under
time old regime, held an inquiry late
the rebellious . sailors' revolutionary
union, mi mm iuml'et. in the °eye: -
lion of many sailors and the exile of
o.hers. The affair, apparently forgot-
ten, bits now been brought up against
those responsible, who were regarded
as meriting death. It is reported in
Odessa that the number of officers
killed is greater than 62.
The town of Kills, at the Mouth of
the Danube, which has been called
the Russian Venice, a despatch to the
Times says, was looted during the
Christmas holidays by soldiers sta-
tioned there, assisted by hoodlums,
Much of the town was burned, the
rioters firing the buildings after the
houses and shops were sacked, The
work was done :systematically, show-
init
hatpreparatiou had been made
beforehand.
The population fled in terror. Some
eressed into Ito mania, while others
scattered into the surrounding coun-
try, where they are destitute. Still
others came to Odessa by steamer.
The perpetrators of the outrage also
came to Odessa. whcire they were al-
lowed to take trains north without be-
ing molested.
The superior court of national corn-
imssaries, according to a Reuter de-
sratch from Petrograd, has drafted a
:let -tree declaring null and void all
national loans issued by the imperial
ind bourgeonie (levolf-Kerensky7)
Governments. All domestic loans held
by
out reservation. The only loans to te
foreigners are to no annulled with-
out
valid are sheet term loam;
and the series of the National Tree-
ItUnalA OUT OF WAR.
London, ran. 14. Sir fieerge W.
iteettanan, British A mbaseatior to
ituteta, in an amerview at Stockheita
with a correepondeut of the Daily
NeW6, `,Ilys that the situation in itne.
tie Is so uncertain that nobody caa
knoa et one tiny what will happen the
next, but the Boisheviki are in snail mm
etreess position that no other party
resent is able to turn them out,
IC said tile Bolshevik' will be the rui-
ng power as long as they are able to
:eel) their promises to the people.
tnikee whether the Entente Allies
*ere likely to recognize the 1301811;1-
nd, nir George replied that they
euld not be recognized as repreeen-
etive of whole Russia, their support-
rs being only in ties north. South
lassie, he said, was going its own
icy. The Bolshevik' had. sammonee
he Constituent Assembly, but the
cal rulers of the country would be
be Councils of Worknimile and Sel-
lers' delegates.
Sir George declared that Foreign
ithister Troteity was working whole-
eartedly for peace, and of the sante
:no fighting the Germans with their
We weapons. Ills propaganda in
me German army certainly tmeJ hen a
ortain mount of success-, although
lie Cermens denied it.
Whatever bappene,d, Sir George, wile
is rot treing to 'Louden es leave be.
that role as an active pertici-
eitauneteiatif 1117es, said he Wai eenvineed
"Tnerwas , Z;(..J.e‘t.
lio.Vs-P‘rILtX1.
sol -
were li.ito (leered the h /nil of the
Den rierr cm' trot ne et Veterel 14Z
'lima gaining poseees:on of isnoortitet
teal fields, if is announced ()Melons.
They also have reptured nlbaterins-
eirtv. In the operations in the Den
region tbe Tiolehevien loel tan killed
tad in en ty wended.
Goverument him in.
lrmenia that it supperts their right
firmed the Armenians in Turkish
1,1 ncl!-'toVnitlon.
Tee French Consul-tioneied in Pin.
!,nd announce4 t hat lila OtIVerpratlit
reetteeteit tbe PI:41t1, :41.1..":1411t5r.1
nnosbliigtote todflon 4fu4t Uonmeta
IrSe the Attlee to Deeennia Philand.
.1.**
Among wenderful things that ortbo•
paedic surgery is doing for wounded
soldiers the following are officially ra,
corded by the English authorities:
A Man lost the greater part of one
of his thumbs, and was thereby hilt -
tiered in earning his livelihoed. Fart I
of one of the 'engem of his other hand
was accordingly grafted onto the '
stump, so that ter tome time the two t
hands grew together, the half-anme-
-mod finger being nourished jointly h
by blood passing through both arms. e
Finally, the finger was completely it
amputated am' the grafting to the t
thumb stump ectuipletee, To -day the ,
man possesses a seeend thumb, seri '
cable for all ordinary purprein.
In other cues the Invades on the
upper shie of the wrist have been lee-
=T4brl.vcirl
u ;: time e!litd
e bare ac-
cordingly
been brcught round and re-
ettriehed on the upper side. These men
are now extending the hand by the
very muscles whith they formerly
need to close it.
Great rare is taken over time elbowe (
uf the wounded. man is often ask -
ell to choose- whether he will have a
weak, flexible elbow or a strong, ri-
gid one, and the anewer generally -de- t
pelvis on the kind of work he mm 'ghee 1
to do. l'or ince,t kinds of heavy wale t
it is foundbest to fie tile forearm at .
a right angle, tut there are exeep'10. t
Per example, a men engaged in '
had the ellow set et mm I.C.trt,”'Wtt't
tale a &LIJ.W. in nit
LA.';1.At le;_ 0 1'001 Th11.1)."
utliter of the cow,