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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Huron Expositor, 1939-06-30, Page 2;.i ai t. ft ,i• jf ark i.1 Pd os for Lean, Editor. orth, Ontario, eve rnoon by maxi+ n rates, $1.50 a year in :fereign,,$2.00 a year. Single iia, 4; cents each. vertising rates on applic'aticrri- ,r. *WORTH, Friday; Lune 30, 1939. A Lot Of Words . Newspapermen covering the Roy- al Visit of King George and Queen rolizabeth to Canada filed a total of, one million five hundred thousand wards, equal to one thousand, five hundred newspaper columns, with -the Canadian National Telegraphs during the tour across Canada. The heaviest wordage from any one station in Canada, which amounted to thirty-two thousand words, was filed at Riviere-du-Loup, Quebec, but there were several other points along the route which' very nearly approached the Quebec sta- tion. 6 That is a lotof words when you come to consider it, and yet, is there a single Canadian who will say that there was far too much attention paid to the Royal visit, and far too much newspaper talk about it? • Not one. As a matter of fact, we believe Canadians would eagerly have read as much more, if it had been possible to supply it. • Not Peculiar To California A recent despatch from Los An- geles, California, says: "As far as the County Board of Supervisors is concerned, this county must take Mother's Day more seriously, or there are going to be serious rever- berations from the way old age pen- sions are distributed by the County:' "Just after Mother's Day was cel- ebrated on May 14th, the Board or- dered a thorough investigation of the County Auditor's report on sons and daughters with good incomes who refused to take their parents off -the relief rolls." And the paper went on to instance several cases, one of which was where a husband and wife were both employed with combined salaries to- talling $350 a month. Yet his mother is on relief. Another case was of a man earning $350 a month and his son earning $220, while the mother- in-law of the former is drawing a monthly pension. And a third case instanced was that of a man and wife owning real estate to the value of $28,500, while their daughter was earning $65 a month, yet the aged mother of the 'Wife was drawing a monthly relief cheque. Perhaps these cases are not pe- culiar to California alone, or even to the United' States. We have a Mother's Day in, Ontario too, and down through the ages no institli tion, no person, no naive, has ever proved more worthy of remembrance than that of Mother. But if the re- membrance of the loyalty, the devo- tion and self sacrifice of mothers is to be confined to only one day of the year, human nature is a frail and pit- iable thing at best. • Instances are not lacking in this Province where parents have turned over all they possess . to their chil- dren, and their children have shown -their appre iation by immediately moving hekven and earth to have Mese same parents placed on the ofd age pension, or to ° bitterly condemn the Government and all its works if they do not, meet with success in their efforts. The old age pension, as it was in- tended to be applied, and in the ma- e►r t of cases is applied, is one of 0 most hulan. and Christian Gov- merit ovmerit measures that has ever n enacted, but ifselfish, personal vaiitage as going to be taken of it, thy' cases we have quoted, and x iaiiy'',on this side of the on the other side, the l law.. is just going to- y Rfl bvtrden onthe- e abearersj, whose ea+'ready enough • Mien en 5arth hales re Myths It was receritl disco vered at th Nebraska Wes1ayen College, that the wild fluctuations of the seism - graph, a machine for recordg earthquakes, were caused by a spider and not by earthquakes at all. It seems that a spider had, built a web from the .side of the machine case to the "boom," the central part of the machine, so that every time the spider Moved there was another "earthquake." Ever since we read that article we have been wondering if a thor- oughly and unbiased investigation could be made, how many of the flaming newspaper heads recording wars and rumors of wars, mis-gov- ernment, depression, man's inhu- manity to man, and the destruction of civilization, and how much of the fear that hangs over the world, would turd out to be nothing but "spider' -s earthquakes." • /) Queer Payments To Ropalty The Royal tour has made all Cana- dians familiar with the ancient obli- gation of the Hudson Bay Company to pay to the Sovereign yearly two elk's heads and two black beaver skins, a ceremony' which was per- formed at Winnipeg, when King George VI visited that western city. But that is not the only queer pay- ment received by the King during the course of a year, payments which arise out of the old feudal system of England, when all the land was own- ed by the King and he Ieased it to the Lords' of the Manor, and these in turn rented it for certain payments and services to the ordinary people of the land. The family of Houison-Crawford mold the farm of Braeside in return for services rendered to King James of .Scotland, on condition that when the King comes to Holyrood House, they will serve him with a basin of rose water, a ' ewer and napkin to wash his hands. This may see"..odd to Canadians, but this act was performed in 1937 when King George VI visited Scot- land. The Forest of Savernake was granted to Lord Ailsbury provided he should blow an ancient horn, which dates from the reign of, Hen- ry II, whenever the King should vis- it the estate. And this is still done. When King George visited the Channel Islan'ds, the Seigneur de.. Rozel duly rode his horse into the sea, when he met the King, until the water reached the saddle girths. The King is still Duke of Normandy to those Islanders, and the Seigneur' must act as the King's butler during his visit. One pound of black pepper is paid tO thecKing every. year from a Sus- sex landowner in place of his ser- vices and in return for land. And from Yorkshire a red rose at Christ- mas and a snowball at midsummer is sent to the King as payment for a similarI reason. There are almost countless other curious rentals paid to King George. So many, in fact, we doubt if he re- members to collect them all. But the feudal system, which has been in some measure in force for nine centuries, is nearing its close. In 1922 Parliament passed a new Property Act, by which all remain- ing manorial rights were quashed on January 1st, 1936, but the Lords pf the Manor were given five years more to apply for compensation, for their ancient privileges. After 1941 King George wilI not be able to collect one elk's head and two black beaver pelts from the Hud- son Bay Company, so that is one very unique and interesting ,Eere- mony that will be missing on the next Royal tour of Canada. WHAT 'OTHER PAPERS SAY: Peace Menace' - (Pihiladeiphia Bulletin) It would be a grand thing for humanity if sub- aeaarines were not considered a strategic necessity. Au ,explorer °nee plaannedl to cruise tinder tee to the North Pole in one, but outside of proposed fatnta.etic uses they are Ipu.nely naval Weapons. Men who give their lives in submarine experi- mentdtiom: and diving drills die Thor -their comitry' ..without aecc aalpanying thrill of fighting: for ..dt. The .two great tnglirAtieneul ingt nations are unit. edl..today in, a wish the aandietarater orft, which miin ie' wet heroes hefts war cline, Nike- not lee ' dents Agon interesting item., Picked From The Huron Ex'p titor of Fifty and Twenty-five Years Ago. From The Huron Expositor, July 3y 1914 The senior ba eball team, Zurich, played the Hell boys in Hewett last week and Lee'Hoffmari pitched a no hit, no tun game, the Zurich boys winning 2O-0.. The following pupils of .Miss Hazel Winter passed their respective exam- inations for the Toronto Conservatory of Music: Mises Muriel Wallis, Mies Dorothy Moran Miss Nettie, Shilling - law; Miss France Winter and Miss 'Mary Crosby. Mr. Thos. G. Sh3'flinglaw, of -Tucker - smith, was presiding examiner at the Departmental examinations at Wing - ham this week. " Mr. L. L. 11teFaul left on Saturday for Seattle and other coast cities.. The choir of Brumfield Church held a picnic at Bayfield on Saturday. They all went down in one load], Elliott's motor track (being the vehicle. The ladies of Cavan Church, Win- throp, are to be congratulated on the success which, attended their social last week held on the granule of Mr. and Mrs(. John G. Grieve. The Sea - forth Band furnished the music and the proceeds amounted to $173.00. Rev. J. W. Oaterhout, B.A., B. D., preached his farewell sermons in the Methodist, Church at Londesboro en Sunday last. He and his wife left for their new place in Thetford. Rev. C. C. Kafue, of Granton, is the new paatar. Mr. N. Miller, ' late inathematies master in the Seaforth Collegiate In- stitute, who has.lbeen attending Har- vard University for the past year, has had his scholarship repeated and will continue this work in that institution another year. Messrs. Chesney; Robertson and Farr, of the Dominion Bank staff, Ber- lin, spent the holiday at'.the'holne of the former. Miss Annie Govenlock held a mus- icale at her 'home on North Main St. During the afternoon the following pa°ssed their examinations for the Canadian Academy of Music before Peter C. Kennedy: Mamie Hall, Con- stance; Myrtle Keys, 'Vac1a',, Jean Carswell, McKillop; Maefret Edge, Dorothy Wilson and Clarissa Sroatt, Seaforth,. Election day passed over very quiet- ly in town. There was little or no excitement, but diligent work was done on both sides. It was very dis- appointing to the Grits. ' A number of, Rebekahs of Henault met in their lodge room on Saturday evening to bid good-bye to Mrs. Whitesides. Miss Mattie Ellis pres- ented Mrs_ Waitesi'des with a Rebek- ah • From The Huron Expositor July 5, 1889 • Mr. 'an. Cameron, of the lath con- cession of McKillop, last week pulled several stalks from a patch of spring wheat growing on Isis farm, which measured 41/2 feet in length. A large barn was raised on Thurs- day, the 27th alt., on the farm of Mr. Robert,Elgie, Jr., of Tuckersmith. The contractor was Mn James Workman. The, captains were D. Campbell and W.. Doig, with Mr. Doig's side win- ning. in the evening a large party was held .in the other barn and music was supplied by Forsythe Bros. on the violins. A rather severe accident happened in Kinhurn last week at the" raising of Mr. Geo. Steprhenson's barns. Three men were up on the 'building and were pulling up the end of .an over - plate when the men on the other end grave a Sudden jerk, causing the first named to lose their balance and fall to the ground. Mr. Alex McMicihael, of McKillop, got Ms an•Icle dislocated. The others escaped serious injury. At a meeting of the congregation of Burns' Ohurch,'Hullett, held om.the 26th of June, a subscription list was opened for the parpose of building a new church on the site of the old ,orae and the sum of $1,000 was sub- scribed by 11 subscribers. Rev. D. M. Ramsay,' BA., was one of the en- ergetic workers. - On Monday last as Mr. McAllister, of Stanley, near Hillslgreen, acconc- panied by his wife and child, were driving to the lake shore to attend the picnic, they met with quite an ex- perience. While passing through the marsh the vehicle in which they were riding was struck by lightning. Mr. McAllister was thrown ' so that the horse fell on him and M.rs(. McAllister was thrown on top of the horse. Mr. Wm_ Henderson, of the 4th concession of McKillop, bas some of the tallest barley we ,have seen this year. Some of it measured over five feet in length: Mr. F. B. Linfield, of Dunlop, Hur- on County, has graduated with 'high bailors at the O.A,C., Guelph, having attended two years at that institution. Mr. Alex Gardiner, of the lith con., McKillop, has three trees in h� orch- ard which are nor)* in bloom for the second 'time this seaman. The directors of the llowd(ek Mutual Fire Insurance Co., have appointed Mr. Wmoir. Me ercher, Jr., tie be secre- tary of the company in place of Mr. 'Iillvomas F. Miller, who recently re- signed. Mr- James McElroy, of Morals, ie shaving a stone wall built under, his house and is also, 'nraldng other im- provements. Mr. Neil Gilleaspi ., of Cromarty, had the misfortune to lave a bone in one of his fingers brok:,i during the base- ball match at Stale recently. Allan S. MCLeaTI, a Seafortlb boy, won a silver cep aa a prize at the athletic sports lir coanneotion' with the Reierin Organization at Toronto last week. The mem(bere of the Seaforth Fire Brigade left town on Wednesday for Mount CIemoens, MS., where they are to eentMete iii a4Otithatnient to be held there. ,. lltr, .d'oQari, StYaeet: flood clerk in the GQldien-Lioii grans ,Ijs off fair a ©ou»le of tvealao'lialtitaia Voiiaito,. Phil Osifer of Lazy Meadow's (By Harry J. Boyle) "AUNT MINNIE'S CELLAR" Aunt Minnie and Uncle Joe still live. on the farm. Modern improvements have never bothered them very much, because they still cling to many of; the older and if not more practical, certainly aware picturesque ways of living. For instance, Aunt Minnie never would consent to a new cellar being placed under their house. She :was quite eontent with her cellar .house which stands about ten feet from the back kitchen door. There still being a streak of boy in me, I'm gladthat. she still retains the old- fashioned cellar. At first glance it looked' just like lone of these 'new' fangied. chicken runs with a roof set down about a foot from tbh,e ground. But closer examina- tion will reveal a doorway, at the foot of a few steps. Open the door, stoop" a little and walk in. First of all there was: that clean, sweet smell of fresh wbitewasih on a stone wall. It was cool with a sort of refreshing moist- ness in the air. Up neat' the top cheesecigth over two windows allow- ed light and air to come in and at the same time keep out the pesky flies: Here in this corner was the old "rub -a -dub" churn that has stood the task of making butter for over thirty years. Many a fine pat of golden - yellow butter evolved from its inter- ior atter a tedious task of making that dasher go straight up and down. But as Aunt Minnie would have it, "Joe would die if he had to eat that wash- out looking stuff they sell for butter. Good butter must be anad,e just so and it has to have a color like buttercups before it's good." Needless to say, Aunt Minnie's always had the proper color. , My but that cellar was a place of delight for a hungry and thirsty boy, I well remember helping Uncle Joe with the haying, and (how about ten in the morning and four. in the after- noon he would say: "Slip up to the cellar and see if Min rhes anything to eat for you." Sure enough a clean towel .would cover a plate of, sa, d- wie'hes on the cellar floor and that great white pitcher would' be filled with cold milk that really quenched your thirst. • On days when she had 'churned there would be a smiles' pitcher filled with buttermilk (that was a favorite (;with Uncle Joe). I noticed to . that in spite of the fact the lunch was supposed, to be for me, a growing boy who mustn't 'Stunt his growth, my uncle relished the lunch with equal appreeiation as myself. ki racks at the far end of the, cel - ,lar there were the preserves. Row upon row of the kind of pinkies, jams and jellies that helped her wink the blue ribbon at praoticafly all the dis- trict...fairs. In the summnertime you 'could always depend on fresh fruit in the cellar waiting to be preserved)-- whethera it was( in strawberry time In June or apple time in (the Fall. Yesterday I' had occasion to go out on the Twelfth Concession where Uncle Joe and Aunt Min live. I•t was a hot day . and 1 stopped to go in and see them although I must con- fess: that I had the cellar in mind. A knock on the front door failed to bring an answer but as I strolled back around the kitchen the sound of the churn in the cellar was clue enough.. There dashing with as much vigour as ever was Aunt Minnie . . . re- splendent in her blue calico dress and the freshly starched white apron. My, what a delight it was to sit down in the cool, -'"moistness of that clean -smelling cellar and enjoy three glasses of milk at just the right tem - a eerature . , nibbling ata plat of cookies . , and fishing several of those 'gherkins out' of the crock that stands on the table just to one stile of the door. Nobody but Aunt Min- nie could have pickles like those . crispy and crunchy and done down in a vinegar that seems to have enough. tangy spices in it to make you want to go on eating them. It was about four o'clock and Uncle Joe 'tame poking in with some excuse or other about resting the horses -- but it was for refreshments from the old-fashioned outdoor stone cellar that he really came. 'I don't blame him a bit . . . that" was one of the main reasons I stopped on my' trip+ 'myself. JUST A SMILE OR TWO A great banker said to a young ma- tron: "I am ashamed of my lure to keep abreast of modern science. Take the electric light, for instance. I haven't (the least idea how it works." The young matron gave him a pat- ro�izing smile. "Why," said she, "it's very ,simple, really. You just press a button and the light • eomes on—that's all there is to it!" • Informative Stranger: "It may in- terest you to know that that is what is called a helicopter." Farmer: "You may be interested to know that that's my boy piloting it," • The new driver had driven right through a 'stop' sign.' "Can't you read?" the irate officer shouted after him. "Sure," said the driver, "but I cant stop!" "Are you unmarried?" inquired the census taker. "Oh, dear no," answered' the wo- man, blushing to the roots of, her (hair. "I've never even been married!" • Then there is the story of the lady who, during the war, was doing her bit by encouraging recruiting. She came across a peaceful -looking Irish- man milking a cow. "Why aren't you at the front?" she asked. "Shure, mum," was the quiet reply, "there's devil a drop of milk at that. end." • "What's the matter, Jenkins?" snap- ped a shoe store manager, "Can't you serve this customer?" "No, sir," • replied the assistant. "He's trying to find two shoes which squeak in the same key." Victoria Cross Most Highly • Prized British Decoration On only one occasion has the Vic- toria Cross, most highly prized of all British medals and decorations, been awarded for an act of bravery, not in the presence of the enemy, according to a booklet publishedby a well- known rubber company. The Victoria Cross was given to private Timothy O'Hea of the First Battalion of the Rifle Brigade, during the Fenian Raids in Canada, when he (helped extinguish a •fire in an ammunition railway car in 1866. On all other occasions the V. C. has been awarded for bravery in.the face of the enemy. The booklet contains much. interest- ing information about military medals and decorations. The Victoria Cross was instituted by Queen Victoria in 1856 as a means of rewarding individual men and of- ficers of the army and navy who might perform some signal act of va- lor id the face of the enemy. On the cross(, when it is awarded, is the date of the deed. Tlhe name, rank, regiment or ship of the recipient is engraved on the back of the clasp through which the ribbon passes, The cross was originally instituted only for mien and officers of the army and' navy but was subsequently made to apply to officers and men of the East India Company's service, to civilians who :had distinguished themselves during the Indian Mutiny and later to officers and men in the Colonial forc- es and in the Indian Army. In 1858 it was- ordained cases f great bravery, not -in the'presence of the enemy were admissible, but only one such ease (has ever been on the records• so far. The V. C. takes precedence over all British Orders and Decorations. Order of .the Bath The Most Honorable Bader of the Bath( was founded in 1399 and'w'as re- vived by King George 'i in 1725. The Order is divided into a emilitary and cilvil, division and there' are three classes in each: Knighof t'he Grand Cross, Knights Commanders andi Companions. The name of tlhis, Order is derived from an important portion of the ceremony when the es- quire, previous to his inauguration, ha,d to bathe, in the presence of sev- eral Knigahts of the Order, The Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George was founded irn ,1818 by King George III and is us- ually conferred on British Aubjecfa as a ,regard- for .service abroad or in the colonies. It was 'originally designed for the natives' of the Ionian' Islands acid Malta and otlser subjects! • who held confidential situations in the Mediterranean. Now the Order is awarded to any subject who renders valuable service in either colonial or foreign affairs. On death relatives may retain the insignia although orig- inally Knights of this Order were en- joined to have their insignia returned in the event of death. Distinguished Service Order One of the more widely known dec- orations is the Distinguish Service Order—D. S. 0. It was established( in 1886 for officers in the army and navy v, -ho have been specially recom- mended in despatches for meritorious or distinguished service in the field or ,before the enemy. The decoration entitles the recipient to use the let- ters, D. S. 0., after his -name. The Conspicuous Service Cross was instituted by King Edward in 1901 as a means of recognizing meritorious Service performed by warrant officers acting warrant officers or by subord- inates of His Majesty's Fleet. In 1914 the name of this decoration was . al- tered to the Distinguished Service Cross and its award was extended to all naval and marine 'officers below the rank of lieutenant commander. Conspicuous Gallantry Medal Tire Conspicuous Gallantry Medal was originally instituted for the Crimean War but was reinstituted in 1874 and is now available in any war for petty officers and men of the navy, non-comnzlssiioneda officers and men of the Royal Marines who may at any time distinguish themselves. This m'e'dal, when instituted during the Crimean War, was equivalent to the Distinguished Conduct in the Field medal, which was awarded to the army. The original niedalea were made from the ,Meritorious Service Medals with the het two words erased and "conspicuous gallantry" engraved in- stead. Only about seven of these medals were issued. On December 31, 1914, King George V instituted •the Military Cross during the Great War, It is entirely an 'army decoration and no :person, is eligible to receive it unless he is a captain, a commiseioned officer or a lower grade or a warrant officer in the army, In- dian Army or Colonial. Forces. The cross is only awarded' after recom- mendation by the (Secretary of State for War. Thre Militamy Cross fin worn after British Orders, and before war medals. Recipients may use the let ters "M. C." after their nram(es and glace the cross Is awarded ,bares' are (Ooathitled [sit 'Patti' 3) A Fact A Week' About Canada (From tho DemiBureau of URBAN' GROWTH IN OTHER COUNT,RiBS.-iV • In the colonies on .the . Atlantic sea- board eaboard whielt were afterwards, to be- come the original United States, the populatiiop. was from the beginning predominantly 'rural; and towns oft any size were few and 'far between, Indeed, .the rise of towns was discour- aged by Imperial Acts', which forbade in the North American colonies the establishment of manufacturing- indus- triesthat might compete with those of the Mother Country but which at the same time extended preferential treatment in the Mother Country to • the raw products of the colonies, The colonies were supposed to confine themselves as far gas possible to the production of primary products, and to 'exchange those primary products,: on which they received( a preference, for the manufactured products of Great. Britain. Yet that very exchange promoted the rise of tolvns' at the paints of s•hipmlent, •though such towne remained commercial rather than manufacturing centres; the chief ones were Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Charleston. Thus int 1698 the first census of the colony of New York gave to New York, City a Population of 4,937, while a ceratin taken in Massachusetts in 1722 gave Boston .a population of 10,567. The population. of Philadelphia is estimat- ed to have been •14,543 in 1753, that:_ of Charleston 10,863 in 1770, and of Baltimore 5,934 in 1775 at the com- mencement of the War of Independ- ence. ndependence. The first uniform census of the United States, taken in 1790, showed that there • were only six towns and cities with over 8,000 population— Philadelphia and suburbs with 42,444: people, New York (then confined to> Manhattan Island) with 33,131, Bos- ton with 18,038, Oharleston with 16,- 359, Baltimore with 13,503 and Selena with 7,921. The total urban popula- tion wap 131,472 or 3.3 per cent. of the grand total of 3,929,214. On this basis, only one in every 30 of the population o the United. Staten was an urban re iden.t. By 1800 the pro- portion of urban population resident in towns and cities of 8,000 or more persons rose to 1 in 25, and by 1810 practically to 1 ie 20, By 1850 the proportion of population in cities: andi towns of 8,000 and over rose to 1 in: 8, or 2,897,586 cut of a total popula- tion of 23,191,876. , At the Census of 1860, just before the outbreak of •the Civil War, the population in cities and towns of 8,- 000 and over, which were nearly alE located in the Northern States, was almost one-sixth of the total or 5,072,- 256 out of 31,,443,321. At the end of: the century it numbered' 25,018,000' out of an aggregate of 75,995.000 or 32.9 per cent (alomts one-third). Fin- ally, in 1930 the urban population resident in 1,2-08 cities and towns of' 8,000 and over'aggregated 60,333,000 or 49.1 per cent. (almost one-half) of the total population of 122,775,000. Seen in the County Papers Old Log Barn Burned Fire of unknown origin burned the .log barn•on the farm .of Mrs. Rudolph. •Selling on Tuesday morning. A few- pigs ewpigs were destroyed by fire. This was a very eld barn; having been built • by Richard Roe many years ago.—Brus- sels Post. Has Twin Colts Twin colts are comparatively rare• but Nelson Sclien(k, of Stephen Town- ship, has a Belgian mare which gave - birth to twin colts and both are do- ing fine.—Zurich Herald. Received Columbia Degree Miss Jinizabeth Weir, daughter of Mr- and Mrs. John Weir, received ber Master of Arts degree from Columbia. University, New York City, at the' eominuencement exercises held this June. Miss Weir .has accepted a poli .tion as teacher in the State Schooli at Providence, Rhode Island.—W.ing- ham Advance -Times. Played For the King Mr. \George Fryfogle, of New York, formerly of Wingham, son of Mrs_ Wilhiam Fryfogle, Shuter St., had the honor of having phis hand play for the King and Queen while on their recent 'visit to New York City. His wife, Mrs. Fryfogle, was also an hon- ored .guest. Mr. Fryfogle and bis band have also been playing at the New York World'(s Fair.--Wingham. Advance -Times. Fractured Arm Cranking Car On Saturday morning of last week Floyd Thomposln, son of Mr, and Mrs_ Bert Thompson, 9th concession, East Wawanosh, bad the misfortune toT fracture his right wrist when orank- le:a the carr when the starter refused to work. X-rays taken at Wingham General Hospital showed (both bones of the ,wrist broken. The fracture was reduced by Dr. W. A. McKibbon. —Wingham Advance -Tinier, Foxes and Deer There is an unusually °large crop of fox puppies this year, according to County Constables Ferguson and Jen- nings, who have talked to many farm- ers along the shore of Lake Huron be- tween here and Amberley, also south to Grand, Bend. The farmers have been lying awake at nights with shot- guns to get the raArauders, as they, (have chrried many ohtokens a&wayr from the range houses:.' But Mr. Pore has been too smart, for the constables• .(cQ(n 3.11 efl five j_ 3), '. a . tOk