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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Huron Expositor, 1939-01-06, Page 6v.: ,r; atin..v;;rl ;I • IS. S Frned of Danger ages Too High � .a ►Rr u uiaes Must gain a new wise 4•.- ti ede wage • mda-1liyut rats !ate when the income of e•> rn 3;s • declining. ' especially in easeim s, but must adjust their policies to changing economic uc pone ar collective bargaining ryli stifle - the expansion of industry and endangeir the wceliare.bf the coun- '0*, Dr. Sumner H. Slichter, Profen Vit€ est of Economies at Harvard Uudver- •Sity warned the American Economic eociation and the .American Assoc- iation for Labor Legislation, meeting in Detroit in joint session. The effect that union wages can have in decreasing employment in an industry, which the Harvard econo- mist explored there, has been little understood either by organized labor, by employers, or even by a few arbi- trators in their wage decisions, be pointed out. Yet the price fixed for labor by trade unions has recently become of major importance because of new millions of workers being gandzed into labor unions. , Substance of Findings The substance of Dr. Slichter's find- ings was this: Union wage scales which are higher than warranted by the 'circumstances. of an industry, re- st.rictione on employers which add unneoessarily to costs or which block progress in the industry, tend to pro- duce these harmful results. Union wage scales which are high- er 'than warranted by the circum- stances ircumstances of an industry, restrictions on ;employees which add unnecessarily to costs or which block progress in the industry, tend to produce these harm- ful results: Cut down employment; in, the long run damage the best interests of the union; exploit the workers; and check the development of the i✓� er- Fortify against colds and -other infections by the regular use. of Dr. Chases Nerve food CONTAINS VITAMIN 81 c, industry. 'Fbeadbility in=tee wages is indis- peeeab$e to the well being of labor undone end to society, he counseled. The beat device be found was the practice of waMug wage changes take the form of temporary advances to or deduction from base rates a plan followed in 1932 wihen tempor- ary reduction were negotiated from base rates in the railroad industry. A few unions, such as the glass bottle blowers, the hosiery workers, and men's clothing workers, have made brilliant records of adjusting their labor and . wage policies to chanes in industrial -methods and, economic conditions, he reported. Others Kill Goose On the other hand, the said: "The building trades unions seem to ;have seriously misjudged their market and are pursuing a price policy in selling their labor that is not only seriously injuring their members but is substantially reduc- ing the ability of private industry to absorb the savings of „the community. leesiden•tial building is now only half tfte level of the twenties, "The Union in the anthracite in- dustry has maintained a, wage scale of 1923, while the sales of anthracite have dropped in half, and the rail- road unions have actually raised the wages of railroad labor while rail- road traffic has fallen in half." A Drag on Recovery The most momentoius question of all in the organized labor situation is that of the effect of collective bargaining on the demand for in- vestment funds, Dr. Slichter de- clared. "Will collective bargaining raise operating costs so high as •to re- strict the utilization of present equipment and to narrow the outlook for profits and restrict the demand for investment funds, end so restrict the expansion of industry?" he asked. "Recent experiences in the United States indicate that this danger is reaL" Long time and large scale social planning were declared imimeneely difficult if not impossible under democratic conditions by Dr. Frank H. Hankins, President of the Amer- ican Sociological Society, in address- ' Tbq purest Form in wbicl tobacco cast be smoked" ing that body. Ruling out free initiative, resort must be had under such planning to force, fear of persuasion to secure single minded co-operation, said the leader of the Sociologists, a Profes- sor at Smith College, Northampton, Mass. `Here," he commented. "the dictator bas an advantage, so long as popular enthusiasm gives him individ- ual support, but even dictators can- not afford the future?' Problems Never Solved However, even then long range social planning has, the great disad- vantage, Dr. Hankins noted, that the major social problems -inter- national relations, the farm prob- lem, the labor problem, wealth pro- ductien and distribution, class differ- egces, etc. -are never really solved, though their forms and setting under- go changes. As a help in bringing lower prices of goods to the public, new methods of marketing should be given a fair trial, Dean C. E. Griffin, Professor of Marketing at the University of Mich- igan, told a joint session recently of the American Marketing Association and the American Accounting Associ- 'atdon. "We need more experience in this field, not lass," Dean Griffin said, "and when' a new method arrives that offers any promise of success, be it chain stores, mail order houses, supermarkets, co-operative market- ing, or any other, it should be wel- come and given its fair chance to prove itself without favor or handi- cap-" A young man was doing his own shopping. He said'to the pretty girl behind the draper's counter: "I want a pillowcase, please." "Yes," said the girl "What size?" The young man looked "Why-er--I'm not sure," "but I.take a 67Ia hat!" • "I've just seen your daughter go- ing down to bathe with her costume over her arm," "Great Scott! Is that the latest fashion?" awkward. he said, EXPOSITOR printedforms and Business Stationery will help you. Let us quote you on i • LEDGER SHEETS • COUNTER CHECK BOOKS • LE'1"1'ERHEADS • ENVELOPES • SHIPPING TAGS • STATEMENTS • BILL HEADS BILL AND CHARGE FORMS • INVOICES • • RECEIPTS • BUSINESS AND FACTORY FORMS • COPY PAPER • BLOTTERS • RUBBER STAMPS Phone 41 --Replenish Your Supplies Now. THE EXPOSITOR liteL1RAIST BROS., Publishers Established 1860 T DOCTOR (Oondensed from The 41m call Magazine in Reader's Digest) • One of the wand's most successful surgeons le Dr, Paul W. Harrison. He has practiced 28 years, and the 'nest he ever asked for a Major operation w's $15. For cataract operation that 'might bring a bill of $1,000 from a New York specialist Dr. Harrison usually asks $1.$5. If he Is iuokyt he gets 37 cents. Dr. Harrison --a graduate of Johns Hopkins, fellow in the -•American Cor - lege of Surgeons, a top` authority on hernia and spinal anesthesia -is a medical missionary in 'Muscat, Ar- abia, a seaport 1,000 miles northwest of Bombay,' India- Muscat, frying on, sand, hedged in by stone hills which blocks all breezes, is the hottest city n the world and --its main industry being the drying of fish --probably the most evil -smelling. Most of the 15,000 Arabs and Dr. and Mrs. Har- rison move out in midsummer, when temnperatunes reach 108 in the day and 115 at night. Dr. Harrison grew up in Scribner, Nebraska. Graduated with honors nom the University of Nebraska, he decided to become a medical mission- ary, and he sought the worst place, medically, in the world, a place where doctors were reluctant to go, but where they were needed most. It took Dr. Harrison two months to get to his first station, two years to learn to speak Arabic well. Since then he has worked in most of the hell holes in the Persian Gulf region and for the last 10 years he has been in Mtis:cat. When he is home on sabbatical leave, medical friends 'urge him to give up missionary work, start 'practice in America, make mon: ey, and live comfortably. But practice in America seems to Dr. Harrison a bit on the sissy side. He likes the tough jobs in Muscat. A medical missionary who had practic- es: for years in Arabia recently •ac- ce•pted a profitable jab as doctor for a big oil company. "I was sick and tired of being poor," he said. Such ..n attitude was totally beyond Dr. l la rri son's ' ;comprehension. He told rnes shaking his, head, "Ruta he won't h;.!ve fun any more." Though Arabia has worn him and he looks older than his 55 years, there is a twinkle in his eye and his tall, thin, wiry frame has the ability to v ilhstand the terrific heat. Dr. Harrison's stone and concrete hospital cost but $11,000. Neely are tiny, flat-topped masques and log, v hits, plastered houses, and open-, faced stores the size of a bathroom', in which you can buy daggers retie coffee pots and opium. "Around the l'ospitrl compound are huts on nar- row, ousty streets filled with donkeys, camels, cadaverous hounds and pov- er'v-etrick en Mohammedans. Close• to the hospital is a space as public as the street in front of your posteoffice. This is the neighborhood ccmfort station. In front of the hoses ;On are 12 depressions like shallow graves, each covered with a robe so I eep the depression a little less hot. That is where the town's 12 lepe es sleep. It is the best Dr. Harrison cae do for them. He has no funds for the treatment of lepers, but unser these ronoitions there is no danger of transmitting the disease. On an average, Dr. Harrison treats 125 patients a day and perforans 15 or 20 operations a week' -usually is his hospitai but sometimes on a rug under a date palm in the blistering desert. Most of the patients are giv- en free treatment. Some may -pay a few rupees. Dr. Harrison's work is with the ragged, Ihungry poor; with "sore -eyed Pedouins who never bathe; with ov- erburdened laborers who carry heavy bugs, of dried fish all day long for 10 cents; with wounded bandits; with men whose hands have been cut off because they were caught stealing; with girls whose throats nave been cut by their brothers because they committed adultery; with pearl .div- ers with burst eardrums; with chil- dren, hundreds of children, who in Arabia die like flies. Few women come for operations, as an orthodox Arab woman is considered actually unfaithful to iter husband if she ex- poses any pert of her facer body to another man. For eye operations Dr. Harrison often is not allowed to 'raise the veil, but has to cut holes in it to get at the•e'yes. The average American doctor would be about as willing to practice in a farm 'tool stied, with the instruments at band, as die would with the facili- ties that are Dr. Harrison's. One day a Week, with Mns. Harrison and a native helper, he drives out into the desert to treat the natives. Hundreds of thousands. of them never :have en- ough to eat. Some have starved so long that a mere ,scratch causes death - Sax days a week Dr. Harrison works irr the ;hospital which contains 36 bare, concrete rooms for patients who can pay sanall sums, and a general ward on a porch. A few rooms have beds, but Arabs don't dike them. Most patients bring. rugs, a charcoal stove, food and friends to care for them and to do their cooking. - It is a one -doctor and no -trained - nurse hospital. Dr. Harrison is ihelp- ed by Mrs. Harrison -one of three white women in Muscat -who, with no medical training, gritted her teeth and learned. He also has four native assistants --of mixed Persian, Afri- can and Arab blood. One was a slave who fled in shackles to Oe British consulate in Muscat, gaining ;his free- dom from a sheik 50 miles out on the 'desert. The other three are brothers, sores of a pearl diver. Dr. Harrison runs the hospital on $1,800 a year{ -of which be pays his four assistants a total of $900-a1•! of It collected afew rupees at a time from the "rima" patients, The wo- men of the Dutch Reformed' Church in America send him gauze, bandages and gloves. His salary is $185 a month and a house. Mere le no X-ray machine and few facilities for diagnosis. If he thud time and money he believesig, he might find what caueiea arppend4'dltie, He practiced 25 yearn in. Arabia without seeing a ease of it. ReeentlyMur or five have turned up =Mfg thie Ar alis who !have adopted -the customs and food of the West. Dr. Harriemns 'operating mom 'le without gl�,.tering display of nickel and enamel.. The lights over the op- enatitng table were put ''together by a !oral carpenter and cost $6. The ster- ilfser°'ia a steam-presoure cooker such ea Is found in many a kitchen, and it works perfectly. One day I saw a native boy bring' a, blowtorch to the "operating rQOm. th "What's that fqr?" I asked e dee- tor. "We have no electric cauteriz- er," the replied "We use that to heat a soldering iron. It works just as well," After an operetioi Dr. Harrison us- ually takes the patient in his arms - most Arabs are undernourished and small -and carries him upstairs to his rug on the floor. The native at- tendants might be too rough. Once, on a camel trip, Dr. Harri- son had to per•forxn a rush operation. A met on the ground was the operat- ing table, a sterile towel the imstru- ment table. Instruments, sponges and towels were boiled for ten min- utes in a pressure cooker over a fire of camel dung Fifty dirty Arabs crowded around to look, dust filled the air and a million flies walked tbnough the wound and covered in- struments and sponges the moment they were laid down. Yet the wound healed perfectly. • Forced to work under !such condi- tions, Dr. Harrison Bras learned that the danger of infection lies mostly in foreign bodies -ligatures and sutures'. If you keep these clean you're fairly safe, for the tissues of the body will usually resist the flies and dust. He might never have discovered that in a modern hospital. Penhaps no .outer surgeon in the world has advanced so far in spinal anesthesia. Dr. Harrison had to -he couldn't use ether because he had neither apparatus nor helper to ham- dle it properly. Most American doc- tors don't know yet that all the bad points of spinal anestrhesia have been elbniinated by this surgeon practic- ing with inadequate equipment in a dirty town in Arabia. But Dr. Har- rison is working now on a report for surgical journals, supplementing arti- cles which have already won him re- coenition as an authority. The re- port will tell why his patients suffer no headahhes after spinal anesthesia; how the anesthetic can be used for operations above the waist without af- fecting the lungs; how he has solved every' problem that ,has stumped Am- erican surgeons. Dr. Harrison has performed more than 3,000 hernia operations. Ameri- can surgeons as a rule are not inter- ested in hernia. It is; considered a simple operation -and usually the patients are workmen who cannot pay leg fees. Yet hernia recurs in 5 to 10 out of every 100 operations. Dr. Harrison has a new sort of operation which, he is sure, will stop nearly all recurrences. He puts in a "blowout patch," a piece of tough ox tissue about two inches square, rein- forcing the weak spot in the abdo- men. In his last 52 hernia operations he hes not had a single recurrence, although in each ease the patient went right bank to his heavy work from the hospital. The Ai,9.bs, themselves have no doc- tors. A sick Arab gets advice from all bis friends and tries all their remedies, ranging from a potion of senna leaves, or a verse from the Koran tied to the body, to the use of a' branding iron. When an Arab breaks an arm or leg his friends lay flim on the sand and bind the frac- tured member to stakes so it cannot move -making no effort to set the bones. Phen they erect a tent over him and Bare for him there for weeks.This treatment nearly always leaves a terribly bent arm or leg. No wonder the Arabs .have came to look upon Dr. Harrison as a miracle man -without knowing how truly right they are. its chile , Isaac If. t7k s e, } _as, elatalata, woo'hutbeen esu Batt alt1,. algid,' were gray Vnith allatlety's e West Indian t sw rIcante of the most dangerous kind was headed .aitraight far Galveston Time .hiring on the Gulf aide Were advised to abando:it their houses ' nd seek the (highest st buildnogs ground, and . the stroU e There was nw,dh acne to 'came., A -.Whistling sound ,could he heard, now above the deep vibrating hum of the wind. The -main cut like a knife. People hurrying tkrough , the -streets with their hastily gathered posses- sion, had to shout to rhn•lre them- selves understood. The Tremont, Gal vesten's largest hotel, was crowded with frightened refugees. Water was already in the lower streets, houses had begun to go, and the big Bathing Pavilion was breaking to pieces un- der 20 -foot waves. By three in the afternoon the low- er streets were swift -flowing streams whine men struggled waist -deep, lead- ing mules bearing their wives and children; The explosive sound of windows snaashing in punctuated the deep, drumllke roll of the great wind. The water supply failed. Then the electric Light plant went. Although night was still far off the city was almost dark in the driving rain. The crowd huddled in the Tremont lobby saw and felt the walls vibrate. Every few minutes an announcement was made of the rising water outside. With each announcement hysteria grew. At last water came thorough the door, spread in a widening„ -pool over the bobby floor. The crowd foughtits way up the, stairs, filled the mezzanine, praying and moaning. No one could escrape from the city. The mainland was two miles away, across an inferno of wild water in which no boat could live. All four bridges were down. Men, women and ohildren crouched in their, 'homes, staying close to the . walls because that was the safest place if the roof fell. Hoopes were coliapsisg, people dying. No one knew when his turn would come. And still the wind blew on and on. Then, about eight o'clock, quite sud- denly, the wind stopped. Men booked at each other and thanked God --'but not those who understood hurricanes, with their calm center inside the whirling periphery- • Within the hour take wind began a- gain -from the southeast now, and wilder than before. The Weather Bureau reoorded 84 miles an hour - then the instrument blew away. It was estimated later that tihe wind reached 120 miles an hour. It struck with the concussion of a great ex- plosion. Uprooted trees were driven through the walls of houses. Solid maesies of salt water were blown a- cross the island, -choking those who were still outdoors fighting their way to shelter. No sound could bo heard above the great noise of the wind. A man, look- ing out a window, saw a large house collapse across the street. He saw the timbers rend. the roof and walls come smashing down. But he heard only the wind. Now the waters covered every foot of the island. Floating wreckage',. battered against the walls of houses. Slate shingles blown off the roofs fill- ed the air like clouds of feathers. Bodies were found later with the tope of the heads cut cleanly off by them. In the grim struggle with death, primal instincts were laid bare. Some battled for their lives with the brutal selfishness of animals, fighting each other for preferred places on the float- ing wreckage, kicking off those who triad to climb on Others risked their lives to make rescues. As the Catholic Orpihan Asylum be- gan tie cave in, each of the Sisters roped eight infants to ,herself, then said a prayer and launched out on the "current. 41 few were saved; but more were found dead after the storm still tied together. Mr. Clime of the Weather Bureau stuck to .hos post until late in the day, then struggled home to find his fam- ily. They were in: a solid house in a comparatively safe locality, Finding them secure, be made frequent sorties from his front poreh out into the swift current to bring in refugees. Ev- entually 50 were gathered under his roof. Battered by the waves and heavy wreckage, quite suddenly the house collapsed; 32 persons were killed, in- cluding Cline's wife. He managed to drag his two young children onto some timbers. For two hours they clung on, with only churning water around them. He thought they had been carried out to sea; but at last the raft grounded. Struggling from one pile of wreckage to another, be got the 'children to higher ground. The next day he wrote a report to the Washington Weather Bureau that is a classic in the annals of the ser- vice -a, calm, scientific account of the storan, discussing its causes and sug- gesting measures of protection against its recurrence. Death and destruction rose to a final crescendo ,im the dark hours be- fore midnight. Those who had fled; thein homes had collected in the chunohes and schools. Now many of -these went down, crushing scores at a timo. A hospital with one hundred pattents collapsed and only .eight sur- vived. Soon after midnight the wind slack- ened. The water went down and in a few 'hours only scattered pools re- mained. At dawn the survivers crept out of doors. The streets were almost im- passable 'musses of wreckage. Here and there arms and legs stuck out at grotesque angies. Scores of cofflins had been washed up from the grave- yards and thein contents tumbledf out with the rest. Over everything was a layer of .slime Inches; deep. In the lower districts practically all the houses had gone, Hell of the city was destroyed. The ships to the harbor bad been driven up on .dry land, omie so far than eventually a canal bad to be dug to get it afloat again, One sixth of the ;population had• perished. In the early morning ;light, ;half -crazed people wandered, 'a- round, screaming; Others sat quietly in the slime and wreelnage, laughing to tlhenneelvos, 14osne who' had held up bravely ililtratIgh the algid eoWvps- e1 mow that the gtnain vias over. • But scan the ellsolS011ied habits et oivtifztattori eenterted themselves. A• me01Lmg Wee celierie'cominUttees set The Great Galveston Storm (Condensed from pie North Ameri- can Review in Reader's Digest) Theme had never been such fine surf bathing on Galveston Beach as there was that first hot week in Sep- tember, 1900. Great rolling combers swept in from the Gulf of Mexico. Al- though the barometer was falling and storm warnings were out, Galveston - built on a mile -wide sand bar, its highest point only nine feet above the sea --was not worried. There was hardly a breath of wind, and scien- tists had assured the city that the long, gentle slope of the sea floor would protect it from storm and flood• Galveston was • a comfortably pros- perous town in 1900. It had had a lusty and swashbuckling past - the rendezvous of Jean Lafitte and his pirates; the scene of wars and revo- lutions under five different flags. But now the town's life was buelnaess, With 38,000 inhabitants, it was the fastest growing port on the Atlantic or Gulf seaboard, exporting each year increasing millions of dollars' worth of cotton and grain. • On Friday of that week the surf became tiro dangerous for bathing; the massive ground swells were now crashing in at express -train. speed. Saturday, September 8th, the city a woke tofind half a gale blowing. But there seemed no danger -the, wind was from the north; the side of the mainland and the shallow bay, As the Islay went on the wind in- oreased meLentldssily, and withit name a driving rain. Water piled up s. gninsat the wharves on the north efde of the island and inexpltcabiy It was riding ori the Gnif elele as well where the residence seetion spread) down 45 the beechen. Ali' the water Brent up as10*Iy 4 first, 'pact the highest flood maria, Ueoplo in thereto/slug num'be'r% besieged the lona%/' ''Wither 'Bureau. IED drug$ sr day, • noble ie housework with Ihe.,.cbtithet 1. - feeling utF#erabtet. oetiervite e when the kidneys eery be out of order. Whew kidneys fail the system clogs with hoperiti Headaches- backache, Dodd's Kidney Pdla help dear the gakitie. giving nett= ■ chance to restore keelFfs and energy. Easy to hien Sale. iii Dodds Kidney Pills up, and ;clans organized to send boats to the mal and for help and to start burying the dead. After thie storm, the weather clear- ed. Besides the estimated 6,000 ha - man corpses there weremore than. that number of carcasses of horses and cattle. Under the beating tropi- cal sun, the stench was incredible_ Billions of flies settled down and buz- zardls clouded the sky. Pestilence seemed inevitable. Again Panic gripped Galveston. Plans for decent burial were aban- doned. The corpses were loaded onto • barges and towed out to sea. Groups went through the streets dragging bodies from the wreckage, lassoing them as they floated in the shallow pools. No one could stand the w!Ork Long. The burial parties were filled] with liquor, and men shod over theta with ,rifles, forcing them to work. At the waterfront, hysterical crowds searching for lost relatives had to be 'restrained by force. Many of the bodies cast into the see, 'washed back to shore. Then it was decided to pile the bodies Where they were found and burn them. All were treated alike, whether Lonagshoreene i or prominent citizens. Looting began the day after the storm. Several men were found with pockets bulging with hunian frngerst -the corpses were too swollen for the rings to come off. Martial law . was quickly declared- When a looter was found at work there was no trial; the was promptly shot. Those were grim weeks - Men work- ed day and night -not looking ahead, just striving desperately to keep up with things that must be done at once. Help poured in from every part of the country -food and tents and medical supplies. But most of the work bad to be done by tike men and women of- Galveston. Then came the question of the fu- ture. Tosome the task of reconstruc- tion seemed hopeless. They advised that the survivors abandon their sand bar and start life anew on the mainland. But, in its first edition af- ter the flood. the Valverston News carried the banner: Galveston Shall Rise Again" The citizens set theno selves a ten-year program of bard work and self-dieniai. They adopted the commies:n n form of government -the first American city to do so --- and began to rebuild. Galveston today is again prosper - oafs .and comfortable. The great Sea Wall, costing over $1,000,000, runs for seven and a half miles along the Gulf, 17 feet above the tide. It has had 'its test.. In 4915 there was an- other hurricane, almost as violent ae that of 1900. This time only 12 lives were lost and the property dam+ege was comparatively small The grade of half the city lies been raised by sands sucked up from the Gulf -in, some places to 19 feet above sea levet. Galv+eston'e population is up to 59,000; its exports and imports Crave doubled. It is a good, average American comlmunityl-safe from a re- currence r -currence of its historic tragedy. LONDON and WINGHAM North A.M. Exeter 10.34 Hensel]. 10.41 Kippen i 10.52 Brucefleld, 11.00 Clinton, 11.47 Londesbaro 12.06 Blyth 12.16 Belgrave 12.27 Wingham 12.45 South Wingham 1.50 Belgrave 2.06 Blyth • 2.17 l.outtesboro 2.26 Clinton 3-08 Brucefield 8.23 Kippen • 3.38 Hensel' 8.45 Exeter. 3.58 C.N.R. TIME TABLE East A.M.. P.M. Goderi ole .. , ........... , 6.35 2.30 Holmesville ... . 6.50 2.521 Clinton,6.58 3.00 t1! Seaforth ........ 7.11. 3.16 # . a r • St. Columban Dublin Mitchell Mltehebl Dublin West Seatorth .. , .... Clinton .... Goderich 7:17 8.22 7.211 3.20 , 720 3.41 11.06 11.14 11.30 11.45 12.05 9.28 9.36 9.47 10.00 10.25 C.P.R. TIME TABLE East G1bd>erldh Mens'et ..............,..• McGaw Aubtirn Blyth 'Walton McNaughiti Toronto ..s ..:. West P.M. 4.20 4.24 4.33 4.42 4.62 6.05 5.15 1.00 S.M. TOrantto 8.30 MoNGuught • .. 1 12.03 ,Walton , 12.13 Blyth ...... 12.23 Ay.,u.�b,aw,�rw t.4. r - 112.32 tcad�m ........f..!