The Huron Expositor, 1935-12-06, Page 6193%,
04.
!!!
k
To th,e Beginner
in Business
The first step in your business career should
be to make a banking connection and open
an account.
Your account, even if small, will be welcomed
by The Dominion Bank. The Bank too will
favourably consider any loan, large or small,
provided it is sound. 453
THE
DOMINION BANK
ESTABLISHED 1871
E. C. Boswell - - Manager
SEAFORTH BRANCH
STRIKEBREAKING
INCORPORATED
(Condensed from Harper's Maga zine
When a manufacturer determines
to break a strike among his employees
he does not simply hang out a "Men
Wanted" sign and proceed to hire
new men. On the contrary, he tele-
graphs a strikebreaking agency—if,
ireleed, salesmen for these firms have
not been on his doorstep for many
days. Strike breaking Incorporated
is often a bloody and murderous busi-
ness, and it is manned by as choice
an army of thugs and mercenaries as
you would care to meet; but it is
highly profitable. It, exists in no
other country in :h2 world except the
United States.
alo-day the best known, thoiigh no
longer the most extensive, of the
strikebreaking agencies is that op-
erated by a gentleman named Pearl
L. Bergoff, the "Red Demon," whose
suethlads illustrate the technique of
the profession.
The Red Demon divides his men in-
to three principal departments: the
"Undercover •• Department—male and
female mechanics and workpeople—
to famish accurate information of
the movements and contemplated ac-
tions of their fellow employees; Op-
enshop Department—to keep the
wheels of industry moving during a
strike; Protection Department—com-
posed of 'big disciplined men . . .
for the protection of life and proper-
ty."
Within the profession less formal
descriptions are used. The men hired
to keep the wheels of industry mov-
ing are "finks"—an underworld term
for one who betrays his fellow work-
ers for money; the guards are "nob-
les" or "captains," while the spies
are "boots."
The nobles. most of whom are
gangsters, act as overseers df the
finks, as well as guard's. Finks are
frequently unreliable. They are di-
vided into two large claeees. About
THE McKILLOP MUTUAL
FIRE INSURANCE CO'Y.
HEAD OFFICE—SEAFORTH, ONT.
OFFICKR,S:
Alex. Broadfoot, Seaforth - Free
James Connolly, Goderich - Vice -Pres.
Merton A. Reid, Seaforth - Sec.-Treas.
AGENTS
Finlay McKercher, R. R. 1, Dublin;
John Murray, R. R. 3, Seaforth; E. R
G. Jarmouth, Brodhagen; James Watt,
Blyth; C. E. Hewitt, Kincardine; W.
3. Yeo, Goderich.
DIRECTORS:
William Knox, Londesboro; George
Leonhart, Brodhagen; James Con-
nolly, Goderich; Alex. Broadfoot, No.
8, Seaforth; Alexander McEwing, R.
R. 1, Blyth; John Pepper, Brucefteld;
.Tames Sholdice, Walton; Thos. Moy-
,
an, No. 5, Seafertle Wm. R. Arehl-
\bald, No. 4, Seaforth.
in Reader's Digest).
half 'of them are the "hunger scabs"
—unemployed men who take the
work in desperation. To the profes-
sion they are "one-time finks" who
sign up for. one strike and are never
seen again. The other half of the
finks are shiftless men; or criminal
Types—from petty thieves to larcen-
ists and murderers—to whom the
confusion of a strike offers easy op-
portunities for looting. Finks have
stolen everything from plumbing fix-
tures to $50,000 worth of furs—made
off wish in a teamsters' strike. But
tss rir'=i-nesty .2f the fink never has
stil'r flee play as in trolley strikes.
A trolley car ed a fink crew is a let-
ter of marque to steal the fares,
shortchange the passengers. and 'op-
erate the car on whichever street
pays best.
The loot does not belong to the
finks alone. During every hour of
a strike the nobles collect their tri-
bute. The opportunity to fleece the
finks is part of the price an agency
has to pay for the services of gang-
ssers to whom the pay of a noble
wou:d be paltry.
The finks are herded together, vir-
tual prisoners in their barracks. They
may not venture out for cigarettes,
erinks or amusements of any kind,
lest they fall into the hands of strik-
ers. To fill their needs the captains
step forward. For a pastime they
provide gambling. Bring 10 finks to-
gether and automatically a pair of
dice will begin to roll. The dice are
provided by one of the nobles, and
ale usually load,ed. Next to the
crap game, the most lucrative of the
concessions is that which goes to the
"crumb boss," who will guarantee
the hard-pressed fink a place to rest
his head upon payment of 25 or 50
cents a day. He will always manage
to have 10 or 15 fewer cots than are
needed, so that the danger of sleeping
on the ground is made a real one.
A fink may sometimes avoid the
crap game, but he cannot escape the
crurrub-boes. Nor can he escape the
nobles who have been assigned the
overlordship of the messroom. Each
takes his fee. Another potentate sets
up a cigarette and cigar stand on
the premises and by virtue of his
monopoly charges twice the normal
price of his commedity.
The functions of strikebreakers d‘o
not include the operation of factor -
or traction systems left idle by
the strd kers. Stttikebreakfing is
rather, in the case of finks, a mat-
ter of putting up a show of activity
and thus destroying the morale of the
strikers. Meanwhile it can be ex-
pected that the activities of the nobles
will strike terror into the hearts of
the strikers or precipitate violence
which will bring public opinion, and
perhaps the police or military, behind
a move to end the walkout.
If the record of fatalities in nine
major strikes which Bergoff tried to
break we -re reduced to box score sim-
plicity, the table would show:
Strikers killed by strikebreakers,
• •
CENT A MILE Round Trip Bargain EXCURSION
Minimum Fares Adults 75c Child 40c,
From SEAFORTH
AND ALL ADJACENT O.N.O. STATIONS
FRI. DEC. 13 to
Napanee, Kingston, Gananoque, Brockville,
Prescott,
Morristrurg, Cornwall, Uxbridge,
Lindsay, Peterboro, Campbeliford, Newmarket, Allendale, Penetang,
Collingwood, Meaford, Barrie, Orillia, Midland, Gravenhurst, Bracebridge,
Huntsville, North Bay, Parry Sound, Sudbury. All towns in New Ontario
on line of Terniskaming & Northern Ontario Rly.; Nipissing Central
Rly.; linpuskasing, Longlac Hardrock, Geraldton, Jellicoe.
Also to Brantford, Chatham,
Chesley, Clinton, Durban),
Exeter, Fergus, Goderich, Guelph, Hamilton, Hanover, Harriston,
Ingersoll, Kincardime, Kitchener, London, Listowel, Mitchell, Niagara
Falls, Owen Sound, Paialey, Palmerston, Paris, Port Elgin, St. Catharines,
St. Marys, Sarnia, Sonthamprao en, Stratford, Strathroy, Walkerton,
Winston, Whighom, Woodstock,
andSAT. DEC. 14, b''ii Impact:int Stations at which Excursion
rAsk,kto arm 'Ji—Ank Ticket Agent.
Ask women Agent of Cd4RetetiffIlli Phri440021 ReXalflallg orr leaflet and lull information
els Hehecceignal Arte--llf.,,emee Tour to Tereonto—Saturday, Dec. 14.
VISIT itorAt OffrAl#0, f PARLIAMSNT DUMDINGS, etc.
0/ gp"alintetrute teaeft-ars a.,4 ogodoria of Public and High Schaub,.
Pr'* morf *titans ale* welatime.
Ir:forritatiorn,Ticketo, !Ay isneout Agent.
fise irietthtega
SAT. DEC. 14 TO TORONTO
tato
,at
eke
1.7; strikebreakers kill by strikers,
n killed loy
ostrikebrealeer
driven es, 21; by-
standers .killed by e ebreaker, 1;
strikebreakers killed work, 8;
eteikebreakers killed by strikebreak-
ers rin barracks, 4.
The field for plrotessional atria -
breaking is wide. There is not a
large city in the cenntry where pri-
vate detective agencies will not be
glad to furnish informers, finks, and
nobles. There are 55 licensed detec-
tive agencies in New York that make
urgent solicitation for strikebreaking
work: and half a dozen of therm have
had violent careers.
The Sherman Corporation, which
exploits the newest specialty of the
strikebreaker, called "Strike Preven-
tion." explains the work thus:
We send represen'tati'ves into the
plaint who point out to the workers
what the teaching of the radical agi-
tator, bolshevik, socialist, or whatev-
er you want to call them, will bring
them to.
The Pinkertons' National Detective
Agency, Inc., has offices in every large
city, and yields to none its claim to
be the most effective spy bureau in
the land. The William J. Burns In-
ternational Detective Agency has of-
fices, with special industrial and radi-
cal departments, in 32 cities. Harry
S. Mousley, "principal" of the Aetna
Judicial Servi,ce, of N•ew York, writes:
We have facilities to collect var-
ious data for you through circuitous
methods, of operation. In simple
terms, we secretly install undercover
operatives in the factory . . . Os-
tensibly they are fellow workmen to
those under .observation; mechanics,
laborers, doing whatever work will
give them the best opportunities to
gather facts.
But the future of strikebreaking
belongs to the Railway Audit and
Inspection .Company—the "R. A. and
I.," of which finks and nobles through-
out the land, speak with awe. This
company, specializing in "Auditing—
E°i n ee ri ng—Inspecti on ," is .9 f and
by Wall Street—.said to have sprung
from the loins of Brov-n Brothers,
bankers—and is far more varied in
its endeavors than either the Burns -
es or Pinkerton.. For all its twenty-
six years of existence. the R. A. and
I. remains something of a mystery,
with almost a score of affiliates mak-
ing identification difficult. But it
provides the most thorough strike-
breaking system in the country, from
spies and strikebreakers to tear -as
bombs and Thompson submaehrine
guns. It covers its espionage work
with the labels "human engineering"
and "educational work." It has serv-
ed the New Orleans; Dayton, Buffalo
and Olean, N. Y., street car interests;
Firestone Tire and Rubber, Brooklyn
Edison, Pennsylvania Coal and Iron,
Bleh Terminal, General Motors, U.
S. Steel, and H. C. Frick companies.
The outstanding R. A. and I affili-
ate is the Federal Laboratories, Inc.,
munitions sellers, whose activities in
Cuban and South American politics
so engrossed the attention of the
Senate committee which peobed the
munitions trade in 1934. Corpora-
tions in several cities may hire strike-
breakers and buy amrmunition from
the same agent acting for the R. A.
and I. and the Federal Laboratories,
Inc. The Laboratories sold $30,000
v.crth of tear gas in San Francisco
during the 1934 strike. Labor dis-
turbances in Pittsburgh in 1934 gave
the company $75,000 worth of busi-
ness.
Despite the nurturing of profes-
sior.al strikebreakingeto the propor-
tions of a major industry, it is doubt-
ful whether American industry has
ever made a worse investment. It
is an axiom of the profession that no
matter which side loses a strike, the
strikebreaking agency always wins.
Reasonable employers who are prone
to compromise, and unions too con -
fullest contempt of the strikebreak-
seevative to strike, !both enjoy the
ing organizatians. The industry
grows rich on mistrust and ccsuflict.
It is an amazing thing that sober,
hardhearted American business men
will pay good money for the reports
fit spies and, more unbelievable, that
they place credence in them. Men
•ehe are willing to act, as informers
are usually of Pow moral types. When
important information is not forth-
c,,Teing they will invent it. Agencies
have been known to tell their opera-
tives to "make the reports rawer."
In many cases the reports of the urn-
dercover men are imaginatively re-
eritten in the offices of the agencies.
At best, there is nothing in the re-
port of a labor spy which an employ-
er could not learn, from; a frank dis-
cussion with representatives of his
employees.
The reliability of the strikebreak-
ers, as distinguishes from informers,
is even more questionable. The presi-
nent of a large Eastern transit com-
pany di...clank Veit 4strikelbrealkens
do nothing to prevent a threatening
strike, nor to help end one once it
has started." The basic cause of
strikes is still labor's demand for a
fuller share of its product. But it
seems beyond dispute that in the ad-
justment of these demands /110 sorrier
and more futile method than the use
of spies and strikebreakers can be
imagined.
Nevertheless, Strikebreaking Incor-
porated faces the future with every
prospect of business as usual. Dur-
ing 1934, 42 men and women were
killed .in strikes. From January to
July, 1935, 13 strikers died at the
hands of strikebreaker. The intro-
duction of strikebreakers brought
martial law to Omaha and to Terre
Haute.
Strikebreaking Incorporated feels
secure, not only because of the con-
tinuous demand for its services, but
also .because of the extent to which
it enjoys freedom at the hands of
the law. No factor in industrial life
has been so completely deniounced by
official :investigating bodies and so
completely untouched by ,reetriciting
legislation. Only one State, Wiscon-
sin, requires that the names of in-
dustmial spies be registered with the
public authorities.
6; anen, sromen and elle
There has been no thought tor reUr -
toil the emrployment of finks. Such a
step would interfere with the rock -
rooted right of a man to seek em-
ployment Wherever and whenever he
geaseaj and the courts has* there.
fore ruled that Strikebreakers mast
haVe the tallest Protectien the police
!,(00,t(r and !the niilitary eau.. give
BACK
4144 dlnepsos when thi•
Liver anclICIolneys
flostotsid tat
• DasCIIIIISE'S
them. Yet as long as men are sent
to take the Sobs of ethers and break
strikes there will be disorder and fre-
quently rviolence. The preblean of
legal correctives belongs to 'these who
believe that the conflicts of capital-
ism can be resolved into an orderly
system for producing the nation's
needs.
Seen In County Papers
(Continued from Page 2)
Promotion For J. A. Hume
Mr. J. A. Hume, of Ottawa, sen
of Mr. J. P. Hume, of town, continues
to climb upward in the journalistic
profession. He has been for seven
years on the staff of he Ottawa Citi-
zen, for the last three years of that
period being a member of the par-
liamentary press gallery, and he is
now promoted to be assistant to
Charles L. Bishop of the Ottawa bur -
ea uof the Southam Newspapers',
owners of a chain of six newspapers
across Canada, including the Ottawa
Citizen. In his new position his time
will be devoted entirely to work on
'Parliament Hill.—Goderich Signal.
New County Constable
Mr. William Thiel, of town, has re-
cently received the appointment of
Huron County Constable, and was
swern in at Goderich by the Magi-
strate. Mr, Thiel is in close touch
with the higher authorities at Gode-
rich, and they will be at his service
on very short notice at any time. A
check-up will be made on all autos
not displaying the proper markers
and lights at night. A close check-up
eel] also be made on horsedrawn
vehicles not carrying the required
lights at night. Bicycles should also
display either a light or red reflector
at night for their own, as well as the
metorist's safety. We trust the pub-
lic will co-operate with Mr. Thiel and
observe the laws -that -be. — Zurich
Herald.
Student Constructs Telescope
From odds and ends of metal and
parts of a broken windshield, (Randal
Cole, R. R. 2, Clinton, and a student
at the University of Western Ontario,
has fashioned a telescope which
brought the admiration of university
professors. Mr. Cole who was teach-
er of Zurich Continuation School for
the school year of 1933-34, while here
did some work on the instrument, He
devoted 18 months of spare time in
the construction of the telescope, and
he aLso ground the lens out of a piece
of broken windshield.—Zurich Herald.
Robbers Entered Store
Some time during Wednesday night
or early Thursday morning thieves
broke into Isard's Store and stole
about $100 worth of men's wear, The
goods taken included 'a suit, leather
coat, socks, .underwear and hat. The
robbery was not discovered until the
store opened for 'business on Thursday
receming. The police were at once
notified and instituted a search but
so far have no trace of the thieves.
The entry into the store was similar
to one made about six months ago.
The cellar doer under the men's wear
store was forced with an iron bar,
then the door between the two cellars
was pried open and the robbers or
robber went up the cellar steps into
the main store, then into the men's
wear store and helped himself.—
W ingham Advance -Times.
Car Stolen On Tuesday Evening
About 6.15 on Tuesday evening W.
J. 'Browne's 1929 Chevrolet Coach
was stolen from in front of his hoe
en Patrick Street. The license num-
bel is BP -518. Mr. Browne was in
the house having supper and when he
went to get his car it was gone.
There was only albout two gallons of
gasoline in the car at the time, so
that the 'thief would not be able to
travel far before refueling. The local
police were at once notified and they
at once notified district officers to be
on the look-out.—Wingham Advance -
Times.
Exemplify Second Degree
An 'interesting meeting was held
Wednesday night in the Ockliellow's
Hall, when the local degree te,am ex-
emplified the second degree to seven
candidatbs from Linwood: lodge. Vis-
itors were ,present from Monkton and
Lie -towel. Fifty 'members were pres-
ent and a very enjoyable time spent.
—Brussels Post.
O.A.C. Students Visit Roe Ranch
Two large buses from Guelph 0.
A. C. brought some 80 students to
Atwood on Monday where they were
guests at the Roe Poultry Ranch. Dr.
Elwood Roe, the owner, took charge
and gave the students a splendid af-
ternroon.--Erussels Post.
Auto Accident
A light delivery track owned: by
the Ideal Meat Market and driven
by Mr. Gerald Ford, collided Thurs-
day afternoon, two and a half miles
east of Exeter with a passenger car
driven by Edmund Baker, of Strat-
ford. The accident took place in a
blinding snow storm. The track struck
the rear end of the passen,gerr car
and turned it over ion its side in the
middle of the road. Fortunately no
one was injured. Mr. Ford was ac-
Ormpanied by Mrs. Ford and the other
driver was alone. Traffic Officer W.
Robinson investigated the accident,—
Exeter Times -Advocate.
Rowe - Fisher
A quiet but pretty wedding took
place at the James St. United Church
parsonage on Wednesday, NI -Wernher
27th, when Miss Relva Doreen, eld-
est daughter of IVIr. and 1VIrs. Clark
Fisher, of Usborne, was united in
masiriage wattle M. Harrold Wilbur
Rowe, elder son of Mr. and Mrs.
Chester Rowe Of Hay, Rev. A. Page
officiated. The bride looked lovely in
a gown of winovelvet. Miss Mildred
Norbheott, cousin of the groom, act-
ed as bridesmaid in a gown of rose
crepe. 111fr. LaWroriee Itirtzel support-
ed the groom After the rereationy
wedding .clittairet tel-Virt ,tth
home )of tit 'brit '
;
"44}
'1" I
• 4!
.4!
Faim Notes
,Tihe export clearance of Canadian
wheat at the various ports during
the first fourteen weeks of the pres-
ent crop year (August 6 to Naoverm-
ber 4) totalled3e.,850187 bushels,
compared with 40,982,287 bushels in
the corresponding period of the 1984-
36 season.
The second estimate rof all the prin-
cipal grain crops of Canada in 1935
issued by the Dominion Bureau of
Statistics is lower than that of Sep-
tember lest. The wheat estimate ii
reduced from 290,541,000 bushels to
273,971,000 bushels and is now below
the 1934 production of 2/5,849,000
bushels.
Feed to Fatten Geese
The best feed on which to fatten
geese is corn. If you have no Corn
available, use buckwheat, oats and
barley, mixed. There is nothing ,that
will put flesh on geese at this season
of the year like whole corn. Do not
feed your geese mashes. Whole corn
with a small amount of green feed
sueh as oalblbages will answer the pur-
pose best.
Manitoulin Turkey Shove-
Magitoulin Island is known as a
&Strict producing turkeys of the best
quality. Possibly no other commun-
ity produces so many Christmas din-
ners. Much bf this success i's due to
the activities of the All Manitoulin
Turkey Show. For ten consecutive
years this fair has been conducted by
the Manitoulin Co-operative Turkey
Growers' Aseociation, in co-operation
with the Dominion poultry services
aid the Ontario department of agri-
culture. Each year has seen an im-
provement in both numbers and qual-
ity. The 1935) ,show was held in the
community hall at •Mindemoya. The
175 birds on display taxed to capac-
ity the space and composed the most
rourestanding breeding sitobk of the
Island.
Rations For Dairy Cows
Two important factors must be
considered in formulating rations for
dairy cows. The supply of feed on
hand, or available at a cost in keep-
ing with the value of the product to
be produced. and the selection of
feedsthat will supply the necessary
food nutrients in a palatable form,
plus sufficient7variety and bulk.
Data secured at the Dominion Ex-
perimental Farm, show that the
cheapest supply of feed is secured
from our 'own farms. In other words,
hame-grown Seeds are the most econ-
omical.
It is generally recognized that on
the majority of farms sufficient pro-
tein cannot be produced to supply the
dairy cows with the necessary re-
quirements. By producing clover or
alfalfa hay, however, along with
roots or ensilage and the common
cereal crops, it has been demonstrat-
ed during the past three years that
the only feed purchasesnecessary are
small amounts of high' protein sup-
plements. One supplement that is
produced in Eastern Canada is fish
reeal.
With any ration made up of feeds
grown in Eastern Canada, a mineral
supplement such as ground limestone
and bone char is necessary. When
fish meal is fed, this is not se essen-
tial, rbut it is excellent insurance in
any case.
The ecember Survey of
Live Stock and Poultry
The Department with the assist-
ance of the rural schools, distributes
blank Schedules to farmers twice each
year, in June and December, for the
purpose of preparing. estimates of
the numbers of live stock on farms
and the acreage of field crops. Great
importance is attached to the suc-
cessful completion of the survey, as
only in this, way can reliable esti-
mates Of the eumbees of hogs, cattle,
sheep, and other live stock be prepar-
ed.
'School pupils are asked to distri-
bute these schedules and return them
to the teacher. Although a very
,large number of farmers fill in the
cards regularly each year, there are
some Who hesitate to do so. In some
aunts of the bride, Mrs, A. Baker and
Mrs. J. D. Davis, the color scheme of
the room being in pink and white.
The groom's gift to the bride was a
wrist watch; to the bridesmaid, sil-
ver salt and pepper shakers; to the
best man, a silver tie clip and buckle
with initials engraved. Mr. and Mrs.
'Rowe left on a short wedding trip,
the bride travelling in a navy blue
crepe dress and navy blue coat col-
lared in grey wolf with aceessories
to match. The many friends of the
bride and groom will join with the
Times -Advocate in extending best
wishes for their future welfare.—
Exeter Times-Adrocate.
To Open Royal Hotel This Week -End
The Royal Hotel is practically
ready to open its doors to the public
after having undergone a complete
renovation at the hands of its new
proprietor, Mr. Cox. The inspector of
hotels has checked; over the Property
and it is understood that he was fav-
orably impressed with the manner in
which the .proprietor has renovated
the building, and the license is ex-
pected to arrive Thursday—Mitchell
Advocate.
Chimney Completed
Wednesday
Wednesday the completion of the
highest landmark in Goderich, the
151 -foot chimney at the Goderich
Salt Companry's plant, was marked
by a little ceremlony. While the em-
ployees were given time off to watch
Mrs. G. N. Dowi6er, wife of the firm's
manager, rode to the top of the chim-
ney in the cement bucket and unfurl-
ed a lag. at the seaffolclinig atop the
completed stack. T he employees
cheered as Mrs. Dowker, her task
clone, stepped from the foase of the
chimney. The chimney -top is by far
the highest point in Goderich, it tow-
ering 50 feet above the standeipe,
which held previous honors. The
chimney, which was nearly a month
under cionstruetion_, marks a further
advancement ;in the prOgress of the
eirrapany, A new and modern boiler
is (b() etootetl at the ptatt;. ,
tig1.
4f4v
t •t •
1
years' as anaraY era 8%.000 card htore
been filled in and twr'ne4 f r On -
The is good reason Ilqr
ery farmer to MI out a Siuivr Card
as the chief purpose of the D. rte-.
ment of Agriculture in carrying out
this. work is to secure statistical data
for the use of Rashness theceselvee.
As semi as the work of tabulating is
completed the Statistics 'Branch of
the Department of Agriculture re-
leases the figures simUltanmeuely to
1I neiespapere, farm journals and
radio stations.
Scene amens are of the opinion the
information i used for taxation pur-
poses. This la strictly not ae. Eaeh
iRleport is considered, absolutely con-
fidential and the information is used
only by the !Statistics Branch for
ciompiling agricultural statistics by
township lor county !division.. Partic-
ulars for individual farms are never
divulged to any one.
1—e -ea
Hay Market Report
There is an abundance, of hay,
straw and .ether fodder in most areas
df Canada this year due to a very
favourable ,production season. The
supply of market hay k so great gen-
erally that shipments are few at the
present time, there being lots of lo-
cal supply to meet .the needs for the
time being of even the larger cities
and towns, which ordinarily are sup-
plied in part with market hay from
distant points. Only a small export
demand as expected as large hay and
other fodder crops are reported in
the United States and Great Britain.
Nevertheless, export shipments to the
United States from border localities
should rbenefit after January 1, 1936,
from the reductionin the American
import tariff recently announced. The
new lantpart duty into the Unlited
States will be $3.00 per ton as a-
gainst 0.00, an advantage of $2.00.
per ton.
Poultry For Market
To a great extent the ultimate suc-
cess of the poultry enterprise will
depend greatly on the manner , in
which the products are marketed.
The discriminating customer will be
attracted by the well -fattened and
well-dressed chicken or fowl, and will
pay a premium in price for appear-
ance as well as quality.
A success in fattening and market-
in,g will depend to a great extent on
the operator's knowledge and ability
to prepare his product in the most
economical and attractive form. Spe-
cial feeding for from ten days to
three' weeks will greatly improve the
quality and pay for the extra feed and
labbr involvecL •
Only birds with strong eonetitu;
tions ean stand heavy feeding with
limited exercise. Birds that lack vig-
our seldom make profitable gains in
the fattening pens.
A.serviceable crate, six feet long
by twenty-four inches wide, and 18
inches high, may be made from slats
nailed one inch apart, with a galvan-
ized pan beneath the slatted floor
for the. droppings. Partitions two
feet apart will provide compartments
two feet square, and will accommo-
date four or five 'birds according to
size,
To ensure freedom from; lice, dust
the birds with flour -of sulphur and
create a good appetite by starving for
the first twenty-four hours. On the
second day give (only slight feed and
gradually 'inerease the amount until
the third clay; from then u,ntil finish-
ed give the birds all they will eat
twice daily at regular intervals, about
twelve hours apart. Mix to a batter
that will pour slowly from a pail,
skim-mlilk or buttermilk with two
parts of cornmeal and one part of
finely ground oats; or equal parts of
barley meal and boiled mashed pota-
toes may be substituted for the corn
meal. Feed in troughs suspended in
front of .the crate. A good finish
should be obtained in ten to twenty-
one days. Feed enough to thorough-
ly satisfy at each meal, but leave
nothing over in the troughs to stall
the birds. Starve for a least ,timntry-
four hours before killing. Bleed by
"sticking" in the roof of the month,
and dry pluck. Grade to uniform
bsiozxee send quality and pack in neat
TESTED RECIPES
Apple Chicken Salad
Take ,six ripe Canadian grown ap-
ples, scoop out the centres. Fill them
with finely -Minced cold cooked chick-
en, and season with minced green
peppers and salt. Add enough cream
to moisrben. Place apples in a steam-
er and crook until almost tender. Place
them on ice and serve with mayon-
naise and lettuce.
Boiled Dressing For Salads
1/4 teaspoon salt
Cayenne
1 tablespoon flour
1 tablespoon butter
1 teaspoon mustard
1 tablespoon sugar
1 egg
1/4 cup boiling water
1/4 cup vinegar.
.Miss dry ingredients ,thoroughly.
A'dd butter and egg slightly beaten;
then .grradually add boiling water.
when thoroughly blended add the vin-
egar slowly. Cook over boiling wa-
ter, stirring constantly, until the
mixture thickens. Strain and cool. If
desired, the dressing may be thinned
with cream.
Apple and Date Salad
Cut Canadian -grown apples into
diced parts. Cut dates into similar
pieees, using a quarter as much date
as apple. To each pint of material
add 2 tablespoons olive oil and mix
well. Let stand in �l place closely
covered for half an hour. Turn into
bowl lined with lettuce leaves, add 1
tablespoon lethen juiee. Serve with
bread and butter at luncheon or sup-
per.
Apple and Cheese Salad
Mix chopped pecans with twice
their bulk of cream cheese, addinga
little thick cream to blend the mix-
ture. Season with pepper and salt
and make into tiny balls. Pare mel-
low tart Canadian -grown apples,
core
and slice across the Centre into rings
about 1/4 inch thick. Arrange on let-
bfl 1h t tont, Servos wirt40, eresni
e letsvros 'and, place several cheese
.'sTot
Vit • 1/4' ; I 6f: ,1VA .
Ai mar
ALL THE TIME
She felt miserable—
draggy—low in vitality
--lower in spirits. She
hadn't thought of her
kidneys, until a friend
suggested Dodd's Kid-
ney Pill. At once she
took Dodd's. The
"washed out" feeling
was soon replaced by
dear headed energy and restful eep.
Headache, backache, lassitude and other
signs of faulty kidneys disappeared. 112
Dodds Kidney Pills
nfootlear
• .0,1,, ;
fc.
Weight Measures
For Root Vegetables
Tinder the provisions of the Fruit,
Vegetables and Honey Act, vvege-
tables in Canada other than those
commonly known as green vegetables
are sold by weight or by the rbushel
or other measured quantity in, ac-
cordance with the following •weights:
One One One Six Eleven
•Bush. Gal. Peck Qts. Qts.
Potatoes .. 60 71/2 15 10 18
Onions .... 50 61/4 121/4 9 16
Beets 60 6 1/4 12½ 9 16
.0arrots 50 61/2 121/2 9 16
Turnips 60 61/2 1.211/2. 9 16
Parsnips . 45 5% 11% 7 1014
Artichokes. 56 7 14 10 171/4
Vegetable .Gradee—The grades of
potatoes intended for sale in On-
tario 'and Eastern Canada are E.
Canada No. 1; E. Canada Large; E.
Canada Fancy; and E. Canada, No.
2, E. Canada, No. 1 Small is for
shipment out le Canada only. Grades
for Manitoba and Western Canada
are Canada, No. 1; Canada, No. 2;
Canada, No, 3, and Canada, Fancy.
The grades for onions are Canada,
No. 1; Canada, No. 2, Canada, No. 3;
Canada, No. 1 Pickling aid Ungrad-
ed.
Turnips or Rutabagas are graded
No. 1 Small; Canada, No. 1 SmalH
Medium; Canada, No. 1 Medium;
Canada, No. 1 Large, and Ungrad-
ed. The last named grade must not
.be shipped out of Canada.
Beets are graded Canada, No. 1 and
Canada No. 2. Similar grades ob-
tain for parsnips, cabbages and car-
rots. Celery has three grades—Can-
ada, No. 1; 'Canada, No. 2, and 'Can-
ada, No. 1 Heart. Head Lettuce al-
so has three grades Canada, No. 1;
Canada No. 1 Roots Attached; and
.Canada, No. 2, and the grades for
asparagus are: Canada, No. 1 Large;
Canada, No. 1 Medium, and Canada, ,
No. 2.
Crop Testing Plan Shows
Wide Use of Poor Seed
It is evident from the report of L.
H. Newman, Dominion Cerealist,
Chairman of the Seed Grain °com-
mittee which was recently ,submitted
to the National Advisory Committee
on Agriculture, that the majority of
the farmers in, both Western and
Eastern Canada are indifferent con-
cerning the quality of their seed, and
consequently suffer very ,substantial
financial losses. The report analyses
the Crop Testing Plan for 1935. In
the three Prairie Provinces—Mani-
tuba, Saskatchewan and Alberta -14,-
107 samples of wheat were collected
at 722 elevators in the autumn of
1934, of which 13,477 samples were
grown at /1 points. A.n examination
held in the summer of 1935 disclosed
that of the 13,477 farmers w'hoser
wheat was planted for testing, 41 per
cente had Marquis, 19 per cent. had
Garnet, 8 per cent. Reward, "5 per
cent. Red Bobs 222, two per cent.
Ceres, one 'per cent. Early Red Fife
and 3 per cent. Durum. ,Fractions of
one per cent. contained some 19 to
20 other varieties such as Huron,
Preston, Club, Stanley and Old Fife
types, Kitchener'Percy, White Rus-
sian, Aurore, Prelude, Ladoga, Ruby,
1Red Fife, Vermilion, Parkers, Kota,
Pioneer, Early Prolific, Knbanka and
some off types of hybrids.
The analysis made of the samples
grown ,disclosed that 2.6 per cent. were
Class A; 34 per cent. were listed as
passable or Class B, while 40 per
cent. were Class C, regarded as very
undesirable from a seed standpoint.
More than, 20 per cent. of the farm-
ers gave the wrong variety name of
their wheat when submitting t h e
samples.
The plan as conducted in Western
Canada was made possible by the co-
operation of five well known grain
elevator companies, the three pro-
vincial Departments of Agriculture in
the Prairie Provinces, the Faculties
of Agriculture of the universities of
these provinces, the Seed Branch and
Experimental Farms Branch of the
‘Dominion Department of Agriculture.
Several 'hundredsamples of bar-
ley were also checked and anralyzed
and disclosed that as with wheat,
many farmers are using seed rwhich
is unsatisfactory from the viewpoint
of getting profitable results.
The Crop Testirtg Plan was intro-
duced in Eastern Canada in 1934 and
continued in 1985 with encouraging
results. It is to be extended in 1986.
GREATEST VALUE
IN TORONTO
ATTRACTIVE
ROOMS WITH BATH
$2.00 $2.50 $3.00
'gm RUNNING WATER
S1.50 S 1 . 7 5 $2.00
EXCELLENT F0451)
Breakfast hoe 85c
Lanclutos ' 50c and 60e
Diem - • 60c, 85c, $1.00
WAVERLEY HOTEL
TORONTO
* Wdis foe Fold* *